感染性心内膜炎182例临床分析

目的分析感染性心内膜炎(IE)的临床特点,提高诊治水平。方法回顾性分析182例IE患者的临床资料。结果 182例IE患者易患因素按比率依次为先天性心脏病(35.17%),二尖瓣脱垂并关闭不全(24.73%),风湿性心脏病(13.19%)等;最常见症状为发热(97.25%)和贫血(88.46%);2次血培养培养出同一病原菌中,最常见细菌为血液链球菌(11.76%),其次为金黄色葡萄球菌(11.03%);经胸超声心动图对心内膜赘生物的检出率为95.05%。119例经外科手术治疗者中,2例(1.68%)死亡;63例经内科治疗者中,6例(9.52%)死亡,原因主要为脑栓塞及急性心衰。结论近年来IE的易患因素与以往不同的是先天性心脏病比率增高,而风湿性心脏病比率下降;病原菌以链球菌属、葡萄球菌属为主,但呈多样化、复杂化特点;血培养的阳性率亟待提高;及时手术治疗可改善预后。     

感染性心内膜炎182例临床分析 FREE

目的 分析感染性心内膜炎(IE)的临床特点,提高诊治水平。方法 回顾性分析182例IE患者的临床资料。结果182例IE患者易患因素按比率依次为先天性心脏病（35.17%）,二尖瓣脱垂并关闭不全（24.73%）,风湿性心脏病（13.19%）等;最常见症状为发热（97.25%）和贫血（88.46%）;2次血培养培养出同一病原菌中,最常见细菌为血液链球菌（11.76%）,其次为金黄色葡萄球菌（11.03%）;经胸超声心动图对心内膜赘生物的检出率为95.05%。119例经外科手术治疗者中,2例（1.68%）死亡;63例经内科治疗者中,6例（9.52%）死亡,原因主要为脑栓塞及急性心衰。结论 近年来IE的易患因素与以往不同的是先天性心脏病比率增高,而风湿性心脏病比率下降;病原菌以链球菌属、葡萄球菌属为主,但呈多样化、复杂化特点;血培养的阳性率亟待提高;及时手术治疗可改善预后。     

感染性心内膜炎的临床特点和超声心动图诊断

目的 :探讨感染性心内膜炎 (IE)的临床特点和超声心动图的诊断价值。方法 :对 78例IE患者作超声心动图检查 ,结合临床资料进行分析。结果 :临床资料 ,发热 6 5例 (83 3 % )、脾肿大 41例 (5 2 6 % )、栓塞 15例 (19 2 % )。6 5例作血培养 ,16例培养阳性 ,占 2 4 6 % (16 /6 5 ) ;超声心动图检查 ,有基础心脏病者 6 6例 ,占 84 6 % (6 6 /78) ;发现赘生物 5 1例 ,占 6 5 4% (5 1/78) ,死亡 7例 ,占 9 0 % (7/78)。结论 :由于IE患者典型的临床表现、血培养阳性减少 ,给诊断带来困难 ,延误治疗。超声心动图对IE不仅可提供病因、病理诊断 ,而且能对其并发症及预后作出判断 ,有较高的应用价值。     

感染性心内膜炎患者临床特点分析

目的探讨感染性心内膜炎(IE)患者临床特点变化,为临床提供合理的监护经验。方法选择2009-2013年治疗的167例IE患者,将2009-2010年治疗的79例患者作为对照组、2011-2013年治疗的88例患者作为观察组,对两组患者临床表现、病原体分布、超声心电图、基础心脏病进行数据统计和分析。结果风湿性心脏瓣膜病、无器质性心脏病对照组患者分别占20.35%、13.92%,观察组分别占9.09%、39.77%,两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者临床表现以发热最常见,占37.50,其次为贫血占12.50%,对照组发热、贫血患者分别占15.19%、16.46%;两组患者病原体分布均以链球菌属及金黄色葡萄球菌为主分别占32.91%、52.27%及18.99%、20.45%;4年超声心动图赘生物检出率明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 IE患者临床表现以发热为主,基础心脏病为非风湿性瓣膜心脏病及先天性心脏病,常见的致病菌为链球菌属,其次为金黄色葡萄球菌,治疗上对基础心脏病患者应预防应用抗菌药物,对患者采取有效的监护措施,提高患者的生存质量。     

超声心动图筛查小儿先天性心脏病的临床价值

目的探析应用超声心动图筛查小儿先天性心脏病的临床应用价值。方法选取2015年1月-2018年12月该院3 009例超声心动图检查的患儿,进行先天性心脏病筛查。结果经超声心动图检查,3 009例患儿中检出先天性心脏病187例,发病率为6. 2%,其中左向右分流型先天性心脏病166例(88. 8%),右向左分流型先天性心脏病18例(9. 6%),无分流型3例(1. 6%)误诊2例(1. 1%),符合上报危急值标准1例(0. 5%)。左向右分流型先天性心脏病中最多见的3种类型分别为室间隔缺损51例(30. 7%)、房间隔缺损35例(21. 1%)、动脉导管未闭29例(17. 5%);右向左分流型先天性心脏病中最多见的为法洛氏四联症11例(61. 1%)。无分流型先天性心脏病中最常见的为肺动脉狭窄2例(66. 7%)。结论超声心动图筛查小儿先天性心脏病方便、快捷、无创,具有较高的临床应用价值,可为临床早诊断、早干预、早治疗提供参考依据。     

湘雅医院430例感染性心内膜炎患者的临床特征及治疗

 目的 了解感染性心内膜炎(IE)患者的临床特征、治疗方法和预后,为IE早期诊断及治疗提供参考依据。方法 回顾性分析湘雅医院2009年1月—2017年12月确诊的IE患者临床资料、分离病原微生物、治疗方法及预后。结果 共纳入符合诊断标准的IE患者430例,男性多见(289例,占比67.2%),平均年龄在(40.3±15.1)岁。无基础心脏病患者284例(66.0%),有基础心脏病患者146例(34.0%);基础心脏病中先天性心脏病115例(26.7%),风湿性心脏病23例(5.3%),非风湿性心瓣膜病8例(1.9%)。IE患者临床表现主要为发热336例(78.1%)、贫血381例(88.6%)及心脏杂音383例(89.1%);最常见的并发症为栓塞(21.4%),其次为心力衰竭(18.8%)。IE患者中瓣膜脱垂151例,瓣膜狭窄88例,瓣膜关闭不全347例,最常见为主动脉瓣关闭不全(134例),有两个或以上瓣膜关闭不全者72例;血培养阳性率44.9%,其中链球菌属为最常见的致病微生物(119株,61.7%),其次为葡萄球菌属(41株,21.2%)。IE患者手术治疗319例(74.2%),住院病死率10.2%,药物治疗联合手术治疗患者治愈好转率高于单纯药物治疗患者(95.3% VS 64.9%,P<0.001)。结论 目前IE患者以无基础心脏病患者较常见,最常见的致病菌为链球菌属,抗感染治疗是IE的治疗基础,尽早联合手术治疗可降低患者住院病死率。     

感染性心内膜炎临床变化的探讨

本文分析我院近11年来收治的感染性心内膜炎(IE)76例,并与上一医的1946年—1955年、仁济医院的1960年—1980年的两组病例进行比较。显示:30余年来IE发病年龄无变化;基础心脏病中,风湿性心脏病所占比例逐年下降,二尖瓣脱垂增多,本组占10.1%;栓塞、脾肿大、淤点发生率减少,新鲜出血点增多;血培养草绿色链球菌明显减少,金黄色葡萄球菌、四联球菌增多。超声心动图在IE诊新中发挥重要作用,积极手术治疗可提高IE的治疗率。     

儿童感染性心内膜炎临床与超声心动图特点

目的探讨儿童感染性心内膜炎(IE)的临床及超声心动图(UCG)特点。 方法选择2013年5月至2018年5月,于四川大学华西第二医院确诊的28例IE患儿为研究对象。采用回顾性分析方法,分析其临床病例资料,总结儿童IE的临床及UCG特点。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求,并且与所有患儿监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。 结果①临床特点：28例IE患儿中,85.7%(24/28)存在发热症状;血培养阳性率为64.3%(18/28),其中最常见病原体为金黄色葡萄球菌,占血培养阳性结果的33.3%(6/18)。②UCG特点：71.4%(20/28) IE患儿存在先天性心脏病。25例(89.3%,25/28) IE患儿存在心内赘生物,其中2例为多部位受累,其余23例均为单一部位受累。心内赘生物以二尖瓣受累最常见,占检出心内赘生物患儿的40.0%(10/25),二尖瓣前叶及后叶受累各占20.0%(5/25);其次为肺动脉壁近动脉导管开口处及主动脉瓣受累各占16.0%(4/25)。心脏以左房左室增大所占比例最高,为35.7%(10/28)。85.7%(24/28) IE患儿的左心室收缩功能正常。此外,还可出现瓣膜穿孔、反流等。 结论儿童IE的临床表现多样化,并且多变,增加了该病的诊断难度。增强对本病的认知,充分掌握其UCG特征,对快速、准确诊断及早期治疗该病,达到改善IE患儿预后的目的十分重要。     

亚急性感染性心内膜炎的临床分析

目的探讨亚急性感染性心内膜炎(SIE)的临床特点和诊断治疗,以期为临床亚急性感染性心内膜炎的治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2010年11月-2013年1月医院治疗的35例SIE患者,分析其病因、临床表现、病原菌检测、血培养检查、超声心动图检查以及治疗和转归等,对所有数据采用SPSS13.0软件进行分析,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果 SIE以风湿性心脏瓣膜病和先天性心脏病为主要病因,以不规则发热为主要临床症状,占97.1%;以心脏杂音为最常见临床体征,占97.1%;主要并发症为充血性心力衰竭,发生率60.0%;SIE的实验室检查中白细胞、中性粒细胞和血沉均有升高,血培养阳性率为82.9%,其中以酿脓链球菌和微需氧链球菌为主;经过>2种抗菌药物及对症支持治疗后,临床效果显著,治愈率为51.4%。结论 SIE的临床诊断应结合临床症状和体征以及辅助检查,特别是血培养和超声心动图的检查;早期使用敏感抗菌药物,可提高治疗效果,而内科治疗无效则最好采用手术治疗。     

超声诊断小儿先天性心脏病62例临床分析

目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断小儿先天性心脏病的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月至2010年12月收治于我院的62例先天性心脏病患儿的彩色多普勒超声心动图资料.结果 62例患儿均经造影或手术证实,其中超声心动图完全诊断符合率为93.55％,部分诊断符合率为6.45％.小儿先天性心脏病中最为常见的类型为房间隔缺损,占总数的33.80％.结论 彩色多普勒超声心动图检查可以较准确地诊断出小儿先天性心脏病.为小儿先天性心脏病的诊断和治疗提供重要参考和保证.使先天性心脏病得到早发现早治疗.     

Epidemiology of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in a rural community in northern India.

The epidemiology of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in a rural community (total population 114,610) in northern India was studied by setting up a registry based on primary health care centres. Health workers and schoolteachers were trained to identify suspected patients in school and village surveys (121 villages). Medical specialists screened 5-15-year-olds (n = 31,200). The population was followed up for 3 years (from March 1988 to March 1991). All suspected and registered cases were investigated by serial echocardiography and Doppler ultrasonography at a tertiary care centre. A total of 102 cases were confirmed to have rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease (prevalence, 0.09%); 66 were aged 5-15 years (prevalence, 0.21%). A total of 48 patients (24 males, 24 females; mean age, 12.11 +/- 3.7 years) were diagnosed to have a possible first attack of rheumatic fever (incidence, 0.54 per 1000 per year). Arthritis was observed in 36 (75%) and carditis in 18 (37.5%) of cases. Prolapse of the anterior mitral leaflet into the left atrium occurred in 5 (22%) cases with carditis. Mitral regurgitation was observed in all 18 cases of carditis; over the period of observation it disappeared in three cases and progressed to mitral stenosis in a further three. A total of 22 patients (11 males, 11 females; mean age, 19.41 +/- 8.1 years) were registered as rheumatic fever recurrences, and 32 patients (18 females, 14 males; mean age, 22.1 +/- 10.1 years) had chronic rheumatic heart disease. Of those with recurrences, 9 (41%) had carditis and 11 (50%) had arthritis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

An epidemiological survey of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Sahafa Town, Sudan.

STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to determine the prevalence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease and to initiate a programme of secondary prophylaxis in Sahafa Town, Sudan. DESIGN--The study was a prospective case finding survey, carried out by a specially trained team headed by a cardiologist. SETTING--The study involved high risk school children (5-15 years of age) from Sahafa Town in the period 1986-1989. SUBJECTS--A total of 13,332 children on the school registers (7892 boys and 5430 girls) were examined generally and specifically for evidence of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease. MAIN RESULTS--Out of the 13,322 children screened 351 were suspected cases and 146 were confirmed cases of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease. The prevalence rates for all ages were 10/1000 for boys and 14/1000 for girls. The overall prevalence rate of the whole programme area was 11/1000, prevalence of rheumatic fever was 8/1000, and prevalence of rheumatic heart disease was 3/1000. The prevalence rate was significantly increased among the inner town inhabitants (15/1000) compared to the outer town inhabitants 4/1000 (p < 0.001). Monthly prophylactic benzathine penicillin in a dose of 1,200,000 IU was given to both suspected and confirmed cases. Penicillin coverage rate was 72%. CONCLUSIONS--Rheumatic fever continues to be a serious health problem. With economic pressures causing impending change in socioeconomic conditions in most Third World countries in the immediate future, rheumatic fever will continue to have a high prevalence rate and rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease prevention programmes will remain a central goal.     

先天性心脏病合并感染性心内膜炎的临床特征及病死影响因素

目的分析先心病(CHD)合并感染性心内膜炎(IE)患者的临床特征及病死相关因素,为临床工作提供依据。方法选取2017年1月-2019年1月川北医学院附属医院的102例CHD合并IE患者作为研究对象,通过查阅病历对其临床特征、病死情况及相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果患者症状和体征以咳嗽、气促、发热、心脏杂音、肝肿大为主,感染部位以左心为主,CHD类型以室间隔缺损、室间隔缺损合并房间隔缺损为主,大部分患者超声心动图检查可检出瓣膜赘生物。共有63例患者的血培养阳性,阳性率为61.76%,检出病原菌63株,其中,革兰阳性菌44株占69.84%,以金黄色葡萄球菌、毗邻颗粒链球菌、缓症链球菌为主;革兰阴性菌14株占22.22%,以大肠埃希菌为主;真菌5株占7.94%,以白假丝酵母为主。住院期间病死12例,病死率为11.76%;Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,CHD合并IE患者病死,其中合并动脉栓塞为危险因素,入院时血红蛋白水平较高为保护因素(P<0.05)。结论CHD合并IE患者的临床表现多样、合并疾病复杂,其病死风险与营养水平、合并疾病及治疗方法有关,临床医生应努力提高诊断和治疗效率,从而改善患者的预后。     

Congestive heart failure in women in Iraq

Stimulated by the world-wide interest in cardiovascular diseases, the authors made a study of 1001 consecutive admissions to a female medical ward in Baghdad, Iraq, and found that 146 patients were in congestive failure on admission, and an additional 197 patients were suffering from primary cardiovascular disease without failure. Of the group in failure, 47.9% had rheumatic heart disease; none of these patients had been on chemoprophylaxis. Bilharziasis was associated with a considerable number of cases of hypertension and with a small percentage of cases of cor pulmonale. The authors feel that prevention of rheumatic fever and bilharziasis should constitute the corner-stone of any effective control programme of cardiovascular disease at this stage of medical development in Iraq.     

血培养阴性感染性心内膜炎的临床特点

 目的 探讨血培养阴性感染性心内膜炎的临床特点及手术治疗效果。方法 收集某院心胸外科2014年1月—2021年12月经手术治疗的感染性心内膜炎患者的临床资料,按血培养病原学结果分为阳性组、阴性组,回顾性分析两组患者的临床特点及外科手术效果。结果 共有88例感染性心内膜炎患者,血培养阴性61例(阴性组),阳性27例(阳性组),阳性率为30.7%。83例患者术前超声心动图有阳性发现,包括赘生物、瓣膜毁损、人工瓣瓣周漏、脓肿、腱索断裂等,所有患者均经外科手术治疗。阴性组患者发热的比率较阳性组低(36.1% VS 81.5%),胸闷气促的比率较阳性组高(80.3% VS 74.1%),差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。61例阴性组患者的基础心脏病以合并主动脉瓣二叶畸形为主(16.4%);累及主动脉瓣(37例)、二尖瓣(20例)、三尖瓣(2例),2例同时累及主动脉和二尖瓣;阴性组患者瓣膜毁损(78.7% VS 63.0%)和腱索断裂(47.5% VS 22.2%)比率较阳性组高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。两组患者均以心功能不全及栓塞为主要并发症,心功能不全者阴性组18例,发生率29.5%,阳性组7例,发生率25.9%。阴性组患者病死率为8.2%,阳性组为7.4%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 早期诊断、早期规范治疗,选择合适的手术时机和方案,以及加强围手术期管理,血培养阴性感染性心内膜炎患者可取得较好的治疗效果。     

Rheumatic fever and rubella immunity

Anti-rubella IgG titer was estimated in 106 children: sixty five had acute rheumatic fever and 41 had either a history of rheumatic fever or a definite rheumatic heart disease. Their ages ranged from 6 to 16 years old (11.4 +/- 2.7 years). Sixty two were females and 44 were males. They were compared with 35 control normal subjects of both sexes with no history of rheumatic affection, aged 5 to 14 years (10.2 +/- 3.6 years). The results obtained showed a significantly (p less than 0.001) higher rubella IgG titer level in the controls (1066.5 +/- 8.3) as compared to the rheumatic cases (521.2 +/- 3.0). No differences were found in the rubella antibody titer between cases of acute rheumatic fever and those with history of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease, nor between males and females in either cases or controls. We suggested that the low rubella IgG levels encountered in the rheumatic cases, make them more susceptible to rheumatic fever affection. In other words, a high immunity level against rubella might also produce an immunity against an agent, possibly related to rubella virus, with a specific role in the development of rheumatic fever. Vaccination against rubella could be worth a trial, for prevention of rheumatic fever.