原发性肝癌合并肝囊型棘球蚴病1例

本文报道1例原发性肝癌合并肝囊型棘球蚴病病例的诊治经过。患者因“间断性上腹部不适半月余”收治入院,行辅助检查提示原发性肝癌合并肝囊性棘球蚴病,行肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术,囊型棘球蚴病病灶未处理,术后患者肝功能明显好转。     

47例囊性肝棘球蚴病合并胆管瘘病解剖特征的临床资料分析

目的 初步探讨囊性肝棘球蚴病合并胆管瘘病的临床分型标准及意义。 方法 回顾性研究2000年1月至2005年3月，收治并行外膜内完整摘除术治疗囊性肝棘球蚴病合并胆管瘘病47例，术中观察胆管瘘不同的解剖特点，术后观察疗效。 结果与结论 47例患者术后恢复顺利，无残腔感染及胆管瘘等并发症。总结胆管瘘不同的解剖特点，初步提出囊性肝棘球蚴病合并胆管瘘病的3个临床分型标准，即：根据囊性肝棘球蚴病发病部位分为中央型及外周型，根据胆管与囊肿解剖关系分为侧瘘型、直入型及贯通型，根据肝棘球蚴囊固态内容物与胆道的关系分为破入胆道型及未破入胆道型。按此标准，可明确地表述囊性肝棘球蚴病合并胆管瘘病的情况，对临床外科具有参考意义。     

原发性脾棘球蚴病1例报道

棘球蚴病由细粒棘球绦虫或多房棘球绦虫引起。人是其中间宿主。当误食虫卵后，六钩蚴经肠壁随血循环侵入组织，主要是肺和肝。孤立的原发性脾棘球蚴病很罕见。继发性的脾棘球蚴病主要是自发的或者手术引起的肝棘球蚴囊的破裂导致原头节向脾播散。这里介绍第一例用超声介导的细针诊断技术诊断的原发性脾棘球蚴病。     

手术治疗钙化型肝细粒棘球蚴病的效果观察

目的探讨手术治疗钙化型肝细粒棘球蚴病的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年11月-2019年2月于石河子大学医学院第一附属医院行手术治疗(外囊完整剥除术、外囊次全切除术及内囊摘除术)的16例共20个钙化型肝细粒棘球蚴囊肿的临床特点及治疗效果。结果 1例患者行外囊完整剥除术,5例患者行内囊摘除术,10例患者行外囊次全切除术。除1例患者因术前囊肿已破入胆道且外囊壁已存在胆瘘而于术后发生胆漏之外,其余患者术后均未发现残腔积液、感染等残腔并发症及胆漏、黄疸。术后均无死亡、复发病例。结论对于非静止期的钙化型肝细粒棘球蚴病必须手术治疗,外囊完整剥除术并不适用,可优先选用外囊次全切除术,尤其是当出现钙化型肝细粒棘球蚴囊肿邻近肝门部、邻近肝内外大血管及外膜与外囊之间的潜在性腔隙不明显时。而当出现肝细粒棘球蚴囊肿破裂时,可酌情选择内囊摘除术。     

手术治疗邻近肝门部肝细粒棘球蚴病效果观察

目的 探讨手术治疗邻近肝门部的肝细粒棘球蚴病的效果。方法 回顾性分析2015年 11月至 2019年1月行外囊完整剥除术、外囊次全切除术及内囊摘除术的 20例共36个邻近肝门部的肝棘球蚴囊肿的手术疗效。结果 4个肝棘球蚴囊肿成功行外囊完整剥除术,30个肝棘球蚴囊肿成功行外囊次全切除术,2个肝棘球蚴囊肿因外囊与肝门血管粘连过于紧密且已经破裂入胆道而行内囊摘除术。肝门部大血管均保存完整,除1例因术前肝棘球蚴囊肿破裂入胆道(行内囊摘除术)而出现术后胆漏以外,余均无残腔并发症发生。结论 对于邻近肝门部的肝细粒棘球蚴病的手术治疗,外囊次全切除术与外囊完整剥除术较传统的内囊摘除术,术后胆漏、残腔感染等并发症发生率相对较低,可优先选择。但是还应根据囊肿的部位、大小及手术中具体情况选择具体的手术方式。     

腹壁细粒棘球蚴病1例

腹壁细粒棘球蚴病较为罕见,本文报道了1例腹壁细粒棘球蚴病患者。该患者因发现腹部包块1年、伴包块皮肤破溃5 d,以“腹壁细粒棘球蚴病”收住入院,行腹壁下细粒棘球蚴病内囊摘除术,术后病理为细粒棘球蚴病（单房多子囊型）。本文旨在为腹壁细粒棘球蚴病临床诊断和治疗提供经验。     

新疆伊犁河谷肝棘球蚴病临床资料分析

目的　探讨新疆伊犁河谷肝棘球蚴病流行病学特点及临床诊治方法。　方法　对 1993～ 2003年伊犁河谷多家医院经手术确诊并治疗的肝棘球蚴病病例进行回顾性分析。　结果　共 2049例肝棘球蚴病患者 ,其中细粒棘球蚴病 1965例占 96% ,泡球蚴病 84例占 4%。所有病例经棘球蚴皮内过敏试验、B超、彩超、X线检查、X线断层照相术 (CT)、磁共振成像术 (MRI)、血清学免疫试验均可确诊。确诊病例经手术治疗2 034例占 99.2 %。其中 ,行肝叶切除术、肝棘球蚴外囊膜内完整切除术、肝棘球蚴囊肿外囊外切除术共 3 0 2例占 14.7% ,无术后复发及并发症。术后服药 (吡喹酮、阿苯达唑、阿苯达唑脂质体 ) 754例占 36.7% ,均有一定疗效。肝棘球蚴病流行病学特点是沿伊犁河谷流行、散布。患者均生活在农牧区 ,均有与牛、羊、狗密切接触史 ,当地各民族人群均有发病 ,女性 1 125例占 5 4%。25～49岁发病率较高为 982例占 48%。 1993-2003年发病率呈逐年下降趋势。　结论　肝棘球蚴病是新疆伊犁地区高发病、多发病 ,沿伊犁河谷流行、散布。应进一步加强病畜管理、改良手术治疗方法 ,积累临床经验。     

原发性脾棘球蚴病1例报道

棘球蚴病由细粒棘球绦虫或多房棘球绦虫引起。人是其中间宿主。当误食虫卵后,六钩蚴经肠壁随血循环侵入组织,主要是肺和肝。孤立的原发性脾棘球蚴病很罕见。继发性的脾棘球蚴病主要是自发的或者手术引起的肝棘球蚴囊的破裂导致原头节向脾播散。这里介绍第一例用超声介导的细针诊断技术诊断的原发性脾棘球蚴病。病例为女性,25岁,伊朗人。入院前一周有左腹痛,曾被诊断为消化性溃疡。腹部体检未见脏器肿大。腹部超声显示脾门处7.9cm×7.4cm的囊性病损。以0.7mm的针(22号)在超声介导下抽吸,吸出约200ml的清液。离心沉淀后细胞学检验显示不同形态…     

肝泡型棘球蚴病并发肺泡型棘球蚴病相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨肝泡型棘球蚴病并发肺泡型棘球蚴病的相关危险因素。 方法 收集青海大学附属医院肝胆胰外科 2017 年 10 月至 2019 年 4 月收治的肝泡型棘球蚴病并发肺泡型棘球蚴病的患者(并发组)以及肝泡型棘球蚴病未并发肺泡型棘球蚴病患者(对照组)的一般资料、实验室和影像学检查资料,分析并发肺泡型棘球蚴病发生的影响因素。 结果 共收集肝泡型棘球蚴病并发肺泡型棘球蚴病患者 49 例,肝泡型棘球蚴病未并发肺泡型棘球蚴病患者 55 例,两组间性别及年龄构成差异均无统计学意义( χ2 = 2. 164、2. 780, P均>0. 05)。 单因素分析结果提示,HBeAg 以及肝内病灶侵犯肝后下腔静脉、肝动脉、肝静脉和门静脉情况是肝泡型棘球蚴病并发肺泡型棘球蚴病的影响因素。 二元多因素 Logistic 回归分析结果提示,肝内病灶侵犯肝后下腔静脉和肝内病灶侵犯肝静脉是肝泡型棘球蚴病并发肺泡型棘球蚴病的独立危险因素。 结论 对于肺部病灶界定不明确的肝泡型棘球蚴病患者,可以根据术前肝内病灶影像学特征并结合肺部病灶影像学结果作出判断,进而采取有针对性的干预措施,实现患者临床受益最大化。     

肌肉骨骼棘球蚴囊肿:8例报告及文献复习

人类棘球蚴病共有四种:细粒棘球蚴(Echinococcus granulosus)引起的棘球蚴囊肿(囊型包囊虫病)、多房型棘球蚴(E.multi-locularis)引起的泡状棘球蚴病(泡状包虫病)、E.vogeli引起的多囊性棘球蚴病和少头棘球蚴(E.oligarthrus)引起的少头棘球蚴     

Primary sclerosing cholangitis in children

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic inflammatory process affecting the extrahepatic and/or medium to large bile ducts, is not rare in children. It has features suggesting an autoimmune pathogenesis, although the mechanism of tissue damage remains unknown. The clinical presentation of childhood primary sclerosing cholangitis is highly variable and frequently without obvious features of cholestasis. Clinical similarity to autoimmune hepatitis is common. Association with chronic colitis is less common than in adults. Cholangiography is essential for the diagnosis and examination of the medium to large intrahepatic ducts is mandatory, as 40% of children lack extrahepatic duct involvement. Histological findings may help to distinguish childhood PSC from autoimmune hepatitis. In children, sclerosing cholangitis may also develop secondary to other disease processes, notably Langerhans histiocytosis, congenital immunodeficiencies and cystic fibrosis. Neonatal sclerosing cholangitis is chronic inflammatory disease of bile ducts which presents initially with neonatal cholestasis; its pathogenesis remains uncertain and may not be the same as for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Effective treatment modalities for childhood PSC remain undetermined. Liver transplantation is required for children who progress to biliary cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation.     

肝细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染3例

目的探讨肝细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染患者诊断及手术治疗,为该类患者临床诊治提供经验。方法回顾性分析2017-2018年青海省人民医院诊断为肝细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染患者的临床资料。结果共确诊3例肝细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染患者。其中1例经术前CT检查确诊为细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染,并在术中得到证实;另2例经术前彩超及影像学检查诊断为细粒棘球蚴病,但根据术中病灶形态和术后病理学确诊为细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染。2例患者行根治性手术治疗,1例探查后仅行肝细粒棘球蚴内囊摘除、外囊次全切除术。结论肝细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染患者术前易漏诊、误诊,影像学检查联合术后组织病理学检查结果才能最终确诊。肝细粒和多房棘球蚴混合感染患者手术相对复杂、困难,针对不同感染类型患者应采取个体化手术治疗方案。     

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare benign entity formerly known as inflammatory pseudotumor. Involvement of the liver is extremely rare. There are controversies about the optimal treatment of this benign entity. Newer reports suggest an association with autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. We present a case of an 18-year-old patient with biliary obstruction from a perihilar mass of the liver requiring hepatic resection. Division of the hepatic bile duct resulted in drainage of yellow, thick, gelatinous material in the presence of benign margins and absence of cholangitis. Histological examination showed a mass with fibroblastic and myofibroblastic cells set in a loose myxoid matrix containing scattered lymphocytes, consistent with an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. One-year recovery was uneventful. This report discusses the presentation, diagnosis, and controversies in management of this disease.     

Simultaneous occurrence of focal nodular hyperplasia and primary sclerosing cholangitis in a young female

We report the case of a 22-year-old female with primary sclerosing cholangitis who was found, during hepatic imaging, to have a large liver mass. Imaging techniques and histological examination confirmed the mass to be focal nodular hyperplasia. A review of the literature indicates that the simultaneous occurrence of these two hepatic pathologies is unique. The differential diagnosis of hepatic masses in primary sclerosing cholangitis is discussed. Focal nodular hyperplasia needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of hepatic lesions in primary sclerosing cholangitis.     

A case of follicular cholangitis mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Follicular cholangitis is a sclerosing cholangitis with hilar biliary stricture that must be differentiated from both immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. This disorder is extremely rare and difficult to distinguish from hilar biliary cholangiocarcinoma. We report here a case of a Japanese female patient in her 60s with this disease. The patient visited a family doctor for itching and general fatigue. Blood examination showed elevated hepatobiliary enzyme levels. Various imaging studies showed dilation of the bilateral intrahepatic bile duct and wide stenosis from the proximal bile duct to the right and left hepatic duct. They also showed the enlargement of multiple lymph nodes in the hepatoduodenal ligament, periaorta, and mesocolon. Based on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-directed brush cytology, we diagnosed this patient with hilar cholangiocarcinoma and performed left trisegmentectomy of the liver. The pathology results showed that the wall from the bilateral hepatic duct to the proximal bile duct had thickened irregularly with dense fibrosis and a marked formation of lymph follicles. The mucosal epithelia did not have malignant findings. The diagnosis was follicular cholangitis. This case indicates that follicular cholangitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of hilar biliary stricture.     

Cystic dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts in primary sclerosing cholangitis

A case of primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with cystic dilatations of intrahepatic bile ducts simulating Caroli's disease is described. The diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis was based upon cholangiogram features, liver histologic examination and the association with chronic ulcerative colitis. It may be suggested that the cystic dilatation of intrahepatic bile duct represents an extreme form of the usual mild dilatations (cholangiectases) described in primary sclerosing cholangitis. We suggest that cystic dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts could be included among the radiologic features of this disease.     

Primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with hyperimmunoglobulin M immunodeficiency (dysgammaglobulinemia)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is an uncommon disorder of obliterative biliary inflammation that is exceedingly rare in childhood. Presented is a child with hyperimmunoglobulin M immunodeficiency (dysgammaglobulinemia) and primary sclerosing cholangitis. This case should focus attention on the association of primary sclerosing cholangitis and immunodeficiency syndromes, particularly in children with immune disorders and unexplained hepatic abnormalities.     

A case of segmental primary sclerosing cholangitis

A 74-year-old man was admitted to the Yokohama City University School of Medicine for investigation of high values of ALP and Y-GTP. Radiographic examinations, including abdominal computed tomography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, strongly suggested bile duct cancer in the hepatic hilus. After left lobectomy, pathological examination disclosed segmental primary sclerosing cholangitis. Clinical examination cannot always distinguish primary sclerosing cholangitis from cancer. We report a case of segmental primary sclerosing cholangitis and discuss the diagnosis and the treatment of this disease.     

Sclrosing Cholangitis of the Bifurcation of the Common Hepatic Duct

Primary sclerosing cholangitis localized in a segment of the extrahepatic biliary tree is extremely rare.
This article describes the case of a 23-year old male who had obstructive jaundice and was found to have primary sclerosing cholangitis of the bifurcation of the common hepatic duct. The lesion was successfully resected.