Risk factor evaluation for postoperative complications in laparoscopic colorectal surgery by a classic severity grading system

Using the uniform complication grading system to evaluate postoperative complications after laparoscopic colorectal surgery is the purpose of the present study. Surgical complications were defined as grades I, II, III, IV, and V recommended by Dindo et al. Patients were categorized into three pairs: complication group (CG) and non-complication group (NCG), minor complication group (MiCG, grades I–II) and non-minor complication group (NMiCG), and major complication group (MaCG, grades III–V) and non-major complication group (NMaCG); of the 570 patients, 431 patients were discharged with no complications, and 174 complications occurred in 119 patients. The percent of grades I, II, III, IV, and V complications were 4.7, 20, 4.7, 0.7, and 0.4 %, respectively. Complications were significantly associated with male gender, larger tumor volume, and more estimated blood loss (EBL). The multivariate analysis revealed that male and EBL ≥150 ml were found to be independent predictors of postoperative complications. In subgroup analysis, patients with larger tumor volume were at significantly higher risk of postoperative major complications, and male gender and EBL ≥150 ml remained independent predictors of developing minor postoperative complications. Patients with postoperative complications would significantly experience longer hospital stay, later fluid intake, and delayed urinary catheter removal. Male, larger tumor volume, and more EBL were significant risk factors for laparoscopic colorectomy.     

Brainstem auditory evoked response—A normative study in children

Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) were recorded in 50 healthy children (25 males and 25 females) having age group of 6 months to 12 years by using 90 dB HL alternating click stimuli. Significant sex difference were noted in various absolute peak latencies in all recorded waves. Interwave interval also showed significant sex difference in I– III and I– V but not in III– V. The interside latency difference showed significant sex difference for waves II and III only but interside interval difference did not have significant sex difference in our study. No significant difference in the latency of various waves and interwave interval of BAER recorded from right and left ears in males or females were observed in present work.     

Isolation of a Quinone-rich Fraction from Ardisia crispa Roots and its Attenuating Effects on Murine Skin Tumorigenesis

Ardisia crispa (Family: Myrsinaceae) is an evergreen, fruiting shrub that has been traditionally used asfolklore medicine. Despite a scarcity of research publications, we have succeeded in showing suppressive effectson murine skin papillomagenesis. In extension, the present research was aimed at determining the effect ofa quinone-rich fraction (QRF) isolated from the same root hexane extract on both initiation and promotionstages of carcinogenesis, at the selected dose of 30 mg/kg. Mice (groups I-IV) were initiated with a single doseof 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA, 100 μg/100 μl) followed by repeated promotion of croton oil (1%)twice weekly for 20 weeks. In addition, group I (anti-initiation) received QRF 7 days before and after DMBA;group II (anti-promotion) received QRF 30 minutes before each croton oil application; group III (anti-initiation/promotion) was treated with QRF as a combination of group I and II. A further two groups served as vehiclecontrol (group V) and treated control (group VI). As carcinogen control, group IV showed the highest tumorvolume (8.79±5.44) and tumor burden (3.60±1.17). Comparatively, group III revealed only 20% of tumorincidence, tumor burden (3.00±1.00) and tumor volume (2.40±1.12), which were significantly different fromgroup IV. Group II also showed significant reduction of tumor volume (3.11), tumor burden (3.00) and tumorincidence (11.11%), along with prominent increase of latency period of tumor formation (week 12). Group I,nonetheless, demonstrated marked increment of tumor incidence by 40% with prompted latency period of tumorformation (week 7). No tumor formation was observed in groups V and VI. This study provided clear evidenceof inhibitory effects of QRF during promotion period which was in agreement with our previous findings. Themechanism(s) underlying such effects have yet to be elucidated.     

Clinical characteristics of infant acute leukemia with or without 11q23 translocations

Of 34 infants less than 1 year of age with acute leukemia, 20 had an 11q23 translocation (group I), 8 had t(4;11), 5 had t(11;19), 3 had t(1;11), 2 had t(10;11), 1 had t(9;11), and the other had an 11q+ chromosome. Nine had other chromosome changes (group II), including t(1;19), t(8;14), 5q- chromosome, or +8 in one each, and a translocation involving 7p22 in two. The other five had normal diploidy in their leukemic cells (group III). Thus, the 11q23 translocation was seen in 50% of the leukemic infants, and in as high as 75% of the infants less than 6 months old. While the 7p22 translocations were both seen in those less than 6 months, the four chromosome abnormalities without 11q23 translocation mentioned above and normal diploidy were found only in those 6 months old or more. The group I patients had higher leukocyte counts than the group II (p less than 0.05) or group III (p less than 0.01) patients. Of the 20 group I patients, 16 were classified as having ALL, and 4 were classified as having ANLL. Eleven of 15 ALLs with the 11q23 translocation showed an Ia+, CALLA-, and B4+ (8 of 9 examined) immunophenotype. Coexpression of lymphoid and myeloid Ags was seen in four ALLs and two ANLLs with the 11q23 translocation. The survival of group II patients (median, 9 months) was significantly shorter than that of group I (median, 19 months) (p less than 0.05) or group III (median, 44 months) (p less than 0.01) patients; the difference in the survival between group I and group III patients was not significant. It is noteworthy that 5 of the 20 group I patients have survived 20 months or more without relapsing.     

Auditory brain stem evoked responses (ABRs) in children with delayed speech (DS)—A Diagnostic Problem

The results of analysis of auditory brain- stem evoked responses (ABRS) are reported in 173 patients with delayed speech (DS). The mean age of the patients is 4.6 years (age ranges from 1.4 years to 10 years). The patients were classified into 5 groups based on ABR findings:

Group I (62 patients) had normal hearing threshold and peak- interpeak latencies. The mean amplitude of wave I was however, not significantly low (p < 0.03).

Group II (27 patients) had an increased hearing threshold (40 dB), mild delay in the mean absolute peak latency of wave I (p < 0.03), decreased I– IV interval (p < 0.03), but highly significant reduction of wave I amplitude (p < 0.004). There is also a significant latency delay (p < 0.001) and amplitude reduction (p < 0.05), when this wave is compared with that a Group I (as control). These observations are suggestive of mild degree of peripheral hearing deficit in this group.

Group III (49 patients) had gross ABR abnormalities of various nature and hence may be sub- grouped into (a) SNHL cochlear type (55%) (b) SNHL retrocochlear type (4%) and (c) severed degree of SNHL undecisive group (41%). Ten patients (2.7%) among the sub- group (a) had unilateral hearing loss and another 3 had Down’s syndrome.

Group IV (conductive deafness) had an increased hearing threshold and shifting of ABR waves towards right with normal I– V interval. Only 6 patients were found in this group. It may be that conductive deafness is less important as a cause.

Group V (29 patients) had no responses at repeated ABR studies even at higher intensity of 95 dB, the ABR studies of this group correlates with the clinical evaluation of profound deafness. The delayed speech development in 84 patients (from Groups III, IV and V) may be caused by severe degree of hearing deficit as indicated by marked ABR abnormalities. If the mild peripheral hearing loss in Group II is added to the above groups, ABRs could identify 64.6% of our patients with hearing deficit. Hence, ABR test is most reliable and sensitive diagnostic test in detecting hearing loss, a common cause of delayed speech development in children.

     

Auditory brainstem responses in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and effect of therapy

Objectives; To determine the effect of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia on auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and evaluate ABR responses to lowering of bilirubin levels.Study Design: prospective case control trialSetting: tertiary referral center.Patients: 60 neonates (40 cases & 20 controls). Term appropriate for date(AFD) neonates with uncomplicated birth history and bilirubin level of ≥ 13 mg/dL were included as cases, those with bilirubin value of < 13 mg/dL were taken as controls.Interventions; First BERA examination was carried out within 24 hrs of the diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia and repeat examination was done when total serum bilirubin came down to < 13 mg/dL with treatment. Comparisons were made between cases (before & after therapy) and controlResults; No abnormality in neonates with bilirubin < 18 mg/dL. Abnormal ABRs were observed in 24(60%) of the 40 cases studied, with therapy it reverted back to normal in 15(62%). The commonest abnormality noted was prolonged latency of wave V(42.5%), followed by prolonged latency of wave III(35%) and wave I(22.5%). Prolonged latency of wave I was found in only those with bilirubin > 20mg/dL. Inter peak latency of wave IV (Brain stem conduction time) was prolonged in 8 cases; it reverted to normal in all cases. Prolonged inter peak latency of wave I–III was observed in 7 cases, of which it reverted to normal in 6. Absent waves reappeared in 4 out of 5 cases, but abnormal amplitude ratios reverted to normal in only one of the 7 cases in which it was abnormal.Conclusions; about 60% of term A FD neonates with serum bilirubin of > 18mg/dL will demonstrate ABR changes. Most of these changes revert to normal early after therapy, indicating need for aggressive therapy in this subgroup of neonates.     

Preoperative irradiation versus the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for prevention of heterotopic ossification following total hip replacement: the results of a randomized trial

Purpose: Previous studies showed the effectiveness of early preoperative (4 h before operation) irradiation for prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) after total hip replacement. This procedure can result in logistic problems, if there is a great distance between the department of radiotherapy and the orthopedic clinic. To avoid these organizational problems a prospective study was undertaken to analyze the effectiveness of preoperative irradiation on the day preceding surgery (16–20 h before operation).Methods and Materials: Between 1995 and 1996, 100 patients were randomized to receive a prophylactic therapy for prevention of heterotopic ossification. Forty-six patients were irradiated with 7 Gy single dose within 16–20 h before operation. Fifty-four patients were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) (®Voltaren resinat 2 × 75 mg/day for 2 weeks). Heterotopic ossification was scored according to the Brooker Grading system. One hundred patients receiving no prophylactic therapy after total hip arthroplasty between 1988 and 1992 were analyzed and defined as the historical control group.Results: Incidence of heterotopic ossification was 47.8% in the 7 Gy preoperative group (Brooker Score I: 36.9%; II: 8.7%; III: 2.2%; IV: 0%) and 11.1% in the NSAID group (Brooker Score I: 9.3%; II: 1.8%; III: 0%; IV: 0%). Regarding overall heterotopic ossification there was a significant difference between the NSAID group and the 7 Gy group (p < 0.01). Analyzing the clinically significant heterotopic ossification (Brooker Score III and IV) there was no significant difference between the two treatment arms (p > 0.05). In the untreated historical control group the incidence of heterotopic ossification was 65% (Brooker Score I: 26%; II: 15%; III: 19%; IV: 5%). Referring to overall and to clinically relevant heterotopic ossification the incidence of HO was greater in the control group than in the prophylacticly treated groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Irradiation within 16–20 h before operation and use of NSAID (Voltaren resinat) can reduce the incidence of clinically relevant heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement.     

Level of plasma fibronectin and its biological activity in patients with ovarian cancer]

Plasma level of fibronectin and its biological activity were assessed in 33 females suffering ovarian cancer; 13 cases had stage I or II disease whereas 20-stage III or IV tumors. Fibronectin level, as measured by immunoelectrophoresis, proved normal. This was accompanied by a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) rise in gelatin--binding activity of the glycoprotein in patients with stage I-II cancer which accounted for an increased value registered for the entire group studied. However, no such rise was observed in cases of stage III and IV disease.     

Bera in normal neonates and infants

This study includes eight normal, not at-risk for deafness, neonates and infants of age ranging from 2 days to 1 year. BERA was done at 2 kHz. frequency at 80 dB intensity. In the majority of the subjects, only wave I, II, III and V could be definitely identified. It was observed that latencies of waves decreased as age of neonate/infant increased. Decrease of latency was more marked in first 6 months of life (wave V from 7.2 ms to 6. / ms) as compared to next six months (wave V from 6. 1 ms to 5.9 ms). This could be because of rapid myelination in the first six months of life.     

Serum UDP-galactosyl transferase as a potential biomarker for breast carcinoma

UDP-galactose:N-acetylglucosamine galactosyltransferase (GT) is a membrane-bound enzyme active in the biosynthesis of the carbohydrate moiety of glyco-proteins and glycolipids. A soluble form of GT, present in human serum, has recently been found to be elevated in the presence of various neoplasms. In this study, GT levels were measured in randomized serum samples obtained from normal controls (group I, n = 49), patients with benign breast disease (group II, n = 46), disease controls (group III, n = 50), patients with primary breast carcinoma (group IV, n = 53), and untreated metastatic breast cancer (group V, n = 23). Although substantial serum GT elevations were observed in individual control patients with active inflammatory or metabolic diseases, the mean GT levels were signficantly higher in the groups with breast carcinoma (P < 0.001, 0.001, 0.02; P < 0.001, 0.001, 0.001 for groups IV and V vs groups, 1, II, and III, respectively). Furthermore, when serum GT levels were correlated with the preoperative clinical stage of breast cancer, significant elevations were found in 14.3% (3/21) of stage I, 66.7% (8/12) of stage II, 78.6% (11/14) of stage III, and 96.5% (28/29) of stage IV patients. These data indicate that serum GT levels are elevated in the presence of breast carcinoma and that the enzyme elevations correlate positively with the clinical stage of disease. Serum GT may be potentially useful in the detection of recurrent breast carcinoma and as a marker of tumor response to therapy for advanced disease.     

Cytogenetic studies in patients with hairy cell leukemia

We performed cytogenetic studies on 58 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) from 1975 to 1981. Analysable metaphase cells stained with Q-banding were obtained in 77 samples from 44 patients. Cells with abnormal chromosomes were found in both unstimulated and stimulated cultures of bone marrow and peripheral blood. Patients were classified in 6 groups. Group I, 2 patients with a clonal chromosome abnormality; group II, 13 patients with nonclonal structural abnormalities; group III, 5 patients with nonclonal numerical abnormalities; group IV, 19 patients with only a normal karyotype; group V, 15 patients with no or with fewer than 5 normal metaphase cells; group VI, 4 patients with questionable abnormal chromosomes. Common abnormalities were deletion of the long arm of No. 6 or +3 each in 3 patients, and +Y, +12 or +18 in 2 patients. Actuarial survival for each group was calculated from diagnosis and also from chromosome examination. The two patients with a clonal chromosome abnormality died within one year. Eight of 13 patients with nonclonal structural abnormalities died within 5 years after diagnosis, while none of 5 patients with nonclonal numerical abnormalities and 2 of 19 patients with normal chromosomes died within 5 years. The difference in the 5-year actuarial survival between patients with nonclonal abnormalities (groups II and III) and those with a normal karyotype was significant (p<0.05). The difference was more marked between patients with nonclonal structural abnormalities and those with a normal karyotype (p<0.01). Patients with nonclonal numerical abnormalities had a longer survival than those patients with nonclonal structural abnormalities (p<0.05). Thus, structural chromosome abnormalities in HCL may be a poor prognostic sign even when they are not clonal.     

First-line chemotherapy with local treatment can prevent external-beam irradiation and enucleation in low-stage intraocular retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy (CT) in preventing external-beam radiotherapy (EBR) and/or enucleation in patients with retinoblastoma (Rbl). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with newly diagnosed unilateral or bilateral Rbl received CT associated with local treatment (LT). Two to five courses of etoposide and carboplatin were administered at 3- to 4-week intervals, depending on tumor response, and were completed each time by LT. RESULTS: Tumor response was observed in all eyes. Twenty-one of 24 patients showed a complete response (CR) that persisted at a median follow-up (FU) of 31 months (range, 4 to 41 months). Among the three patients who relapsed, two were lost to FU and one died of progressive disease. CR was achieved by CT and LT alone in 15 (71.4%) of 21 patients with less advanced disease (groups I to III). Six other patients with advanced disease (groups IV and V) experienced treatment failure and needed salvage treatment by EBR and/or enucleation. The difference between the two patient groups with regard to disease stage was statistically significant (P <.0001). EBR could be avoided in 13 (68.4%) of 19 patients, who presented with groups I to III (15 eyes) and group V (one eye) disease, whereas enucleation could be avoided in only two (40%) of five. CONCLUSION: CT combined with intensive LT is effective in patients with groups I to III Rbl, permitting the avoidance of EBR in the majority of these young children and, thus, reducing the risk of long-term sequelae. This is in contrast with the disappointing results for patients with groups IV and V Rbl, in whom EBR and/or enucleation was needed.     

Epitope mapping of the carcinoembryonic antigen by monoclonal antibodies and establishment of a new improved radioimmunoassay system

A comprehensive mapping of epitopes on the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) molecule has been achieved by analyses of the specificities of 146 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from more than 300 hybridomas established recently. The reactivities of MAbs were analyzed by radioimmunoassays (RIA) with highly purified preparations of CEA and related antigens including normal fecal antigen-1 (NFA-1), NFA-2 in normal adult feces, nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) in lung and NCA-2 in meconium. The MAbs could be divided into five groups: group I, 23 clones directed to the NCA-common part of the CEA molecule; group II, 31 clones directed to the normal fecal cross-reacting antigen (NFCA)-common part; group III, 46 clones directed to the NFA-1-common part; group IV, 33 clones reactive with the heterogeneous carbohydrate part; and group V, 13 clones directed to the CEA-distinctive part which seemed to be highly specific for CEA. Mutual inhibitions of CEA binding between MAbs of the individual groups revealed that at least 25 different subgroups can be defined i.e., 4, 7, 8, 4, and 2 subgroups in groups I to V, respectively. The epitopes recognized by the group IV MAbs were found to be sensitive to oxidation with periodate, while the epitopes defined by MAbs of the other groups were resistant to this treatment. A solid-phase sandwich-type RIA system for CEA was established by using 2 MAbs from groups II and III as the CEA catcher and an MAb of group V as the tracer. This assay was shown to exhibit improved cancer-specificity and accuracy in the estimation of serum CEA levels.     

Brainstem auditory evoked response in presbyacusis

Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were studied in twenty elderly patients with presbyacusis and results were compared with twenty age and sex matched controls. Absolute latency of wave-I was significantly delayed, resulting in significant shortening of interpeak interval of I–III waves and was consistent with cochlear sensorineural hearing losses. No evidence of retrocochlear involvement was observed.     

Transfer factor immunochemotherapy for primary lung cancer--evaluation of histologic types

The clinical effect of leucocyte dialysate, including Transfer Factor (TF), on different histologic types of primary resected lung cancer was studied. This TF immunotherapy protocol included 171 patients. Eligible cases for evaluation were randomly chosen; the TF group and control group consisted of 75 and 74 patients, respectively. The TF group included 40 adenocarcinomas, 29 epidermoid carcinomas and 6 other histologic types of carcinoma. The control group included 42 adenocarcinomas, 25 epidermoid carcinomas and 7 other histologic types of carcinoma. The distribution of clinical features in the TF and control group was very similar, not only in adenocarcinoma but also in epidermoid carcinoma. The postoperative follow-up term was 2 to 55 months in both groups. Survival in the TF group of patients with adenocarcinoma of stages I + II or curative resection was significantly better than in the control group (p less than 0.005, Cox-Mantel test). There was no significant intergroup difference in patients with stages III + IV, relative curative or noncurative resection. Survival in the TF group of patients with epidermoid carcinoma of stages I + II or III + IV was about 20% better than in the control, however, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. On the other hand, survival in the TF group of patients undergoing relative curative resection was significantly better than in the control (p less than 0.005, Cox-Mantel test). There was no significant difference among patients who underwent curative or noncurative resection. Time-versus-recurrence curves were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method; there was a significant difference between patients with stages I + II, but not between patients with stages III + IV. The frequency of recurrence of regional or intrapulmonary distant metastasis was lower in the TF group. It is suggested that TF suppresses postoperative recurrence and that it may be beneficial as postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy in primary resected lung cancer patients, especially those with relatively early stage cancer.     

Role of chest computed tomography at diagnosis in the management of Wilms' tumor: a study by the United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group.

PURPOSE: This study sought to determine whether the identification of minimal pulmonary metastatic disease by chest computed tomography (CT) performed at diagnosis in patients with Wilms' tumor and normal chest x-rays (CXR) could predict a subgroup of children at increased risk of pulmonary relapse. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out of the records of 449 children entered onto the United Kingdom Childrens' Cancer Study Group Second Wilms' Tumor Study between July 1986 and September 1991. The imaging protocol did not stipulate chest CT at diagnosis, but 141 children who had normal frontal and lateral CXRs and a chest CT scan performed at diagnosis were eligible for analysis. After surgery, children with stage I Wilms' tumor received single-agent chemotherapy (vincristine), whereas children with stages II, III, and bilateral Wilms' tumor received combination chemotherapy. Most children with stage III tumors were also treated with abdominal radiotherapy (20 Gy). RESULTS: In 31 patients (22%), pulmonary nodules were visible on chest CT; eight experienced relapse, four (15%) in the lungs. When only stage I patients were analyzed, there was a significant difference between the pulmonary relapse rate of 43% (three of seven) in the CT-positive group and 10% (five of 48) in the CT-negative group (P =.02). Four of eight patients with stage I disease with pulmonary relapse died. CONCLUSION: CT seemed to identify a subgroup of stage I patients who were at increased risk of pulmonary relapse. These children had received only single-agent chemotherapy. A prospective randomized trial is needed to clarify whether these children would benefit from combination chemotherapy.     

Serum lysozyme levels in patients with solid tumors.

Serum lysozyme has been demonstrated to be an indicator for macrophage activity in the tumor-bearing host. Therefore, we investigated lysozyme levels in the sera of 336 untreated tumor patients (121 malignant melanoma, 61 lung cancers, 70 cervical cancers, 49 breast cancers and 35 benign breast tumors, and 36 healthy controls). Patients with malignant melanoma and lung cancer had significantly higher lysozyme levels than the healthy controls. Within the clinical stages in melanoma, there was a decrease of lysozyme in stages II and III in comparison to stage I, but still above that of the control values. Patients with benign breast tumors had normal levels, whereas in breast cancer patients of stages I and II there was a significant reduction in the lysozyme levels. In stages III and IV no differences to the control group could be detected. In patients with cervical cancer (FIGO II and III) serum lysozyme levels were found to be within the normal range. From this study it can not be concluded that serum lysozyme reflects the immunological reactivity of the tumor bearer. Nevertheless, the reduced levels in stages I and II of breast cancer might point to an immunological defect.     

Suppression of aflatoxin B1-induced hepatotoxic lesions by crocetin (a natural carotenoid)

The suppressive effects of crocetin (a natural carotenoid) on the hepatotoxic lesions induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were investigated in male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into five groups: groups I and II served as normal and solvent control respectively. Group III was given AFB1 (25 micrograms/day/rat) alone; group IV was given crocetin (0.1 mg/day/rat) alone; and group V received both AFB1 and crocetin. Rats received AFB1 and crocetin for 9 and 10 weeks respectively, and were maintained on basal diet for 35 weeks. At the end of the experiment (week 45), the incidence of liver lesions in rats of group V was significantly reduced by approximately 40% compared with group III. There were no liver lesions in rats of groups I, II and IV. A significant protective effect of crocetin on AFB1 hepatotoxicity was shown, as manifested by reduced effects on the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (P less than 0.01-0.001). From our previous results and present data, we suggest that the suppression of crocetin on AFB1 hepatotoxicity in the rats might be due to the defense mechanisms of hepatic tissues that elevated the GSH S-transferase activity and decreased the formation of hepatic AFB1-DNA adducts.     

Comparative analysis of thymidine phosphorylase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression in gastric and colorectal cancers

Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) are considered to be key enzymes affecting the prognosis for patients with gastric and colorectal cancers. We tried to prove the correlation of TP and DPD expressions in gastric and colorectal cancers. The present study was designed to quantify TP and DPD levels by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in tumors and normal tissues obtained from 16 gastric and 20 colorectal cancer patients. TP and TP/DPD ratio in the tumor specimens were almost all higher than those in each normal tissue, especially for tumors in the progressive state. In the early stage of the colorectal cancer group, DPD in the normal tissues were higher than those in the tumor specimens. There were no significant differences between TP levels in the tumor specimens of the two groups, whereas in stages III and IV, those of the gastric cancer group tended to be higher than those of colorectal cancer group. In stages I and II, DPD levels in the tumor specimens tended to be higher in the gastric cancer group than in the colorectal cancer group. DPD T/N was higher in the gastric cancer group than in the colorectal cancer group. There were no significant differences between TP/DPD ratios in the tumor specimens of the two groups, whereas those in normal tissue were higher in the gastric cancer group than in the colorectal cancer group. We may be able to achieve the successful effects or reduction of side effects of anticancer chemotherapy for gastric and colorectal cancer using the results of this study.