青海地区胃癌组织中Livin和VEGF的表达及临床意义

目的:分析凋亡抑制蛋白Livin和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)在胃癌组织中的表达及与胃癌病理特征之间的关系,探讨Livin和VEGF在胃癌浸润、转移过程中的机制及相互作用。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法(SP法)检测66例胃癌组织与30例胃正常黏膜组织中Livin及VEGF的表达情况。结果:Livin在胃癌组织及胃正常黏膜组织中表达的阳性率分别为72.73%和13.33%(P<0.05),VEGF分别为65.15%和20.00%(P<0.05)。胃癌患者中Livin表达的阳性率与性别、年龄无明显相关性(P>0.05),与癌肿直径、浸润深度、组织分化程度、淋巴结转移与否、TNM分期有相关性(P<0.05)。胃癌组织中VEGF表达的阳性率与患者的性别、年龄、组织分化程度无明显相关性(P>0.05),与癌肿直径、浸润深度、淋巴结转移与否、TNM分期有相关性(P<0.05)。二者在胃癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.406,P<0.05)。结论:Livin与VEGF在胃癌的发生、发展过程中起正协同作用,对于判断胃癌的进展情况及恶性程度有一定的指导意义。     

胃癌与MLVD的相关性研究

目的:检测胃癌患者肿瘤组织微淋巴管密度(micro-lymphatic vessel density,MLVD)的表达,分析MLVD与年龄、性别、肿瘤组织分化、淋巴结转移、分期等的关系,探讨抗淋巴管生成治疗的可能性。方法:收集胃癌术后标本及同一患者肿瘤边缘和距离肿瘤5 cm以上的正常组织标本,采用免疫组化方法测定肿瘤组织、肿瘤边缘和正常胃组织MLVD值,并结合临床及病理资料,分析MLVD值与年龄、性别、肿瘤组织分化、淋巴结转移、分期等的关系。结果:胃癌边缘组织MLVD显著高于正常组织及胃癌组织。胃癌边缘组织MLVD与胃癌的分期显著相关(P<0.01)。胃癌边缘组织MLVD与淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05),但与年龄、性别、肿瘤组织分化无明显相关性(P>0.05)。胃癌组织MLVD与胃癌的分期相关(P<0.05)。胃癌组织MLVD与淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05)。但与年龄、性别、肿瘤组织分化无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论:胃癌组织边缘的MLVD显著高于胃癌组织及正常组织,且与淋巴结转移、临床分期有关,其MLVD的增加可能与胃癌的侵袭及转移相关。胃癌组织中MLVD的检测可作为评估胃癌淋巴结转移、判断胃癌生物学行为及预后的指标之一。     

胃癌组织中Sonic Hedgehog和VEGF表达及临床意义的研究

目的:探讨胃腺癌中Sonic Hedge-hog(Shh)和VEGF的表达及临床意义。方法:应用免疫组化法检测45例胃癌组织及15例癌旁胃黏膜组织中Shh和VEGF的表达。结果:Shh在胃癌组织中阳性表达率为66.7%,在中、低分化胃癌中的表达高于高分化胃癌中的表达,与组织分化程度相关,P<0.01,在癌旁胃黏膜组织中Shh表达为阴性或弱阳性(15.3%);VEGF在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率(71.1%)显著高于癌旁胃黏膜组织中的阳性表达率(26.7%),P<0.01,与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移呈正相关,P<0.05。Shh和VEGF在胃癌组织中的表达存在相关性(0.01相似文献   

大肠癌血管内皮生长因子表达与临床病理的关系

[目的]探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在大肠癌中的表达与肿瘤发生发展的关系。[方法]应用免疫组化DAKOEnVisionSystem方法 ,测定VEGF在62例大肠癌及其癌旁粘膜组织中的表达。[结果]大肠癌标本VEGF阳性率51.6% ,与癌旁粘膜有极显著差别(P<0.01)。VEGF的表达与Dukes′分期呈正相关(P<0.05) ,淋巴结转移组与无转移组差异显著(P<0.05) ,与大肠癌分化程度、大体类型及部位无关。[结论]VEGF在大肠癌的发生、发展及转移过程中发挥着重要作用 ,可作为分期及预测大肠癌转移的参考指标     

四跨膜蛋白分子CD151在胃癌组织中表达及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨四跨膜蛋白CD151在胃癌中的表达及与临床病理特征的关系。方法:免疫组织化学方法检测70例胃癌组织标本中CD151的表达,分析其与临床病理特征的关系,结合患者的术后随访资料,对患者的预后进行判定。结果:CD151在胃癌组织中的表达比正常胃组织中表达高,其表达程度与肿瘤数目、组织分化程度、TNM分期及淋巴结转移有关;肿瘤越大、分化程度低、TNM分期高及有淋巴结转移者CD151表达越高(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌组织中的CD151表达与胃癌的临床病理分期及组织学分型有关,参与胃癌侵袭和转移并且对患者的预后判定有一定的参考价值。     

胃癌组织中RUNX3的表达与c-Met的相关性研究

目的:探讨RUNX3及c-Met在胃癌组织中的表达以及与胃癌临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:以56例胃癌患者为研究对象,采用SP免疫组化法研究RUNX3及c-Met在正常胃黏膜及不同分期,不同分化程度各组胃癌标本中的表达。结果:胃癌组织中RUNX3的表达明显降低,c-Met的表达显著提高。RUNX3、远隔转移、临床分期呈正相关,与肿瘤分化程度、肿瘤大小、患者性别、年龄无相关性。RUNX3与c-Met的表的表达与胃癌浸润深度、远隔转移、临床分期呈负相关(P<0.05),与胃癌病理分化程度呈正相关,与胃癌病灶大小,淋巴结有无转移,患者性别,年龄无相关性。c-Met的阳性表达率与胃癌的浸润深度、淋巴转移达有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌组织中RUNX3表达下调,提示其在胃癌发生,发展中起重要作用,c-Met的表达与RUNX3表达的存在相关性。     

胃癌患者血清中MMP-9的水平及其癌组织中MMP-9与VEGF的表达

目的:探讨胃癌患者血清及其癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的水平,血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在癌组织中的表达并研究两者与胃癌预后的关系。方法:运用ELISA法检测40例胃癌患者手术前后血清中MMP-9的水平。同时应用免疫组化法检测了40例手术标本中MMP-9、VEGF蛋白的表达,原位杂交技术检测MMP-9mRNA的表达。结果:术前血清MMP-9水平(371.71±61.05ng/ml)与癌组织浸润程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05);术前血清MMP-9水平明显高于术后(192.78±42.29ng/ml)及正常对照组(77.43±31.63ng/ml)(P<0.05);MMP-9蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为60.0%,与胃癌的浸润程度、TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05);原位杂交检测结果与免疫组化一致;血清MMP-9水平与组织MMP-9蛋白表达呈一致性;VEGF蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为55.0%,与TNM分期、淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05);胃癌组织VEGF蛋白表达与MMP-9蛋白表达具有明显相关性(P<0.05)。结论:MMP-9、VEGF在肿瘤浸润转移中起重要作用;联合检测两者的表达,特别是检测术后血清中MMP-9的水平有助于判断胃癌患者的预后。     

胃癌组织中PTEN和VEGF PCNA的表达及相关性研究

目的 :通过对 PTEN和血管内皮生长因子 (vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、增生细胞核抗原 (proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)在胃癌中表达的研究 ,结合临床病理特征 ,探讨 PTEN和 VEGF、 PCNA的相关性。方法 :应用免疫组织化学 S- P法检测 6 8例胃癌组织及 2 0例正常胃黏膜中 PTEN和 VEGF、 PCNA的表达。结果 :胃癌组织中 PTEN蛋白表达率为4 7.1% (33/ 6 8) ,显著低于正常胃黏膜的表达 10 0 % (2 0 / 2 0 ) (P<0 .0 1) ,与组织分化程度呈正相关(P<0 .0 1) ,与淋巴结转移呈负相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。 VEGF在胃癌中的表达率为 75 .0 % (5 1/ 6 8) ,显著高于正常胃黏膜的表达 10 .0 % (2 / 2 0 ) (P<0 .0 1) ,与癌组织浸润深度呈正相关 (P<0 .0 1) ,与淋巴结转移也呈正相关 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,与组织分化程度无关。 PCNA在胃癌中的表达率为 73.5 % (5 0 / 6 8) ,显著高于正常胃黏膜的表达 2 0 .0 % (4/ 2 0 ) ,与癌组织浸润深度呈正相关 (P<0 .0 1) ,与淋巴结转移呈正相关 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,与组织分化程度呈负相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。 PTEN在胃癌中的表达与 VEGF、PCNA呈负相关 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :PTEN失活或蛋白表达降低与胃癌的组织分化程度及淋巴结转移密切相关 ,且与 VEGF、PCNA呈显著负相关。联合检     

TSG101与E-cadherin在胃癌组织表达的相关性及预后研究

目的:检测肿瘤易感基因101(TSG101)及E钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)在胃癌组织表达相关性及其与分化、转移等关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测TSG101及E-cadherin在81例胃癌及对应癌旁标本中表达情况,分析二者在胃癌组织表达相关性及其与患者分化、淋巴结转移等临床病理资料的关系。结果:TSG101在胃癌组织阳性表达率为67.9%(55/81),显著高于癌旁组织6.2%(5/81)(P<0.01);E-cadherin在胃癌阳性表达率为40.7%(33/81),显著低于癌旁组织96.3%(78/81)(P<0.01);TSG101与E-cadherin在胃癌组织表达水平与患者分化及淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。Pearson分析提示在胃癌组织中TSG101表达与E-cadherin表达呈负相关性(r=-0.775,P<0.01)。单因素分析显示,患者术后生存时间与TSG101、E-cadherin表达水平、TNM分期及淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05)。结论:TSG101与E-cadherin在胃癌组织中表达水平与胃癌分化、转移密切相关,两者表达呈负相关,对于胃癌患者生物治疗及评价预后有较好价值。     

iNOS、TGFβ_1、VEGF在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的研究iNOS、TGFβ1、VEGF在胃癌中的表达,探讨三者与胃癌发生发展之间的关系及意义。方法采用免疫组化法对45例胃癌组织和20例正常胃粘膜组织标本进行检测,观察iNOS、TGFβ1、VEGF的表达情况。结果iNOS、TGFβ1及VEGF在胃癌组织中均是高表达状态(71.70%、60.00%、75.56%),其阳性表达率明显高于正常胃粘膜组织,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。同时,iNOS、TGFβ1、VEGF的表达与胃癌的临床TNM分期、浸润程度和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),与组织学分型无关(P>0.05),且iNOS、TGFβ1与VEGF之间存在显著相关性(r1=0.618P<0.05,r2=0.874P<0.05)。结论iNOS、TGFβ1及VEGF共同参与肿瘤的形成,且与胃癌的侵袭、转移有一定关系。     

Cytologic classification of precancer and cancer of the endometrium and esophagus and of malignant lymphomas

The paper discusses cytological classifications of precancer and cancer of the endometrium, esophagus and malignant lymphomas presented by cytologists from five Soviet research institutes of oncology. The classifications were based on the data of 4400 cases in conformity with WHO histologic classifications.     

E-钙粘蛋白及PTEN基因编码蛋白与胃癌浸润转移

目的:观察抑癌基因PTEN蛋白和ECD在胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其与胃癌生物学行为及预后的关系。方法:以兔抗人PTEN多克隆抗体、鼠抗人ECD单克隆抗体,采用SABC免疫组化法,检测100例胃癌手术切除标本中拟测指标的表达。以χ2和Logrank检验对结果做统计学分析。结果:ECD、PTEN蛋白在非癌胃粘膜中均见表达;在胃癌组织中表达下调或缺失。ECD异常表达率为42.0%;弥漫型胃癌异常表达率(48.57%),明显高于肠型胃癌(26.67%),(P<0.05);ECD异常表达与浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。胃癌组织中PTEN蛋白缺失率为59%;弥漫型胃癌缺失率(65.71%)明显高于肠型胃癌(43.33%),(P<0.05);伴淋巴结转移的胃癌缺失率(64.47%)明显高于无淋巴结转移者(41.67%),(P<0.05);PTEN蛋白缺失的患者比阳性表达者预后差(P=0.0066)。65.85%PTEN阳性表达者同时伴ECD正常表达。结论:两种标志物与胃癌浸润转移有关,PTEN表达与胃癌患者预后密切相关。将两种指标联合检测,可作为正确判断胃癌患者预后,指导临床治疗的分子生物学指标。     

Schwannomas of Head and Neck and Review of Literature

Benign nerve cell tumours have been given various names like schwannoma, neurilemmoma, neurinoma, neurofibroma, spindle cell tumours etc. Extra cranial head and neck schwannomas usually present as solitary and well-demarcated lesions. The lesion can cause secondary symptoms, such as nasal obstruction, dysphasia, and hoarseness, depending upon the location of the lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology, CT scans, and MRI may be of limited help in the diagnosis of schwannomas. The treatment is complete surgical excision of the benign tumour and postoperative histopathological examination establishes the final diagnosis.     

世界卫生组织骨质疏松症防治工作报告和防治建议

引 言 作为对第51号综合处理非传染性疾病预防与控制的世界卫生组织决议的反应,1998年7月WHO成立了致力于不断完善对骨质疏松预防和治疗策略的工作小组。小组成员来自世界各国致力于骨质疏松研究的知名专家。Harry K.Genant为本届主席。这一项世界范围内的骨质疏松教育计划旨在通过世界范围的研究,不断改善对骨质疏松的诊断水平和发展并完善对骨质疏松病人的合理治疗。其重点将以发展中国家为主。并为各国政府及其卫生部门和病人群体提供世界性有关骨质疏松症的总体的、完整的指导性资料。该项研究、教育计划的实施将由世界各国的骨质疏松症研究和治疗机构共同完成,并经权威学术机构、政府和非政府组织进行有针对性的回顾研究,最终由WHO审议通过。     

Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and incidence of colon and rectal cancers

BACKGROUND: Frequent consumption of fruit and vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in many observational studies. METHODS: We prospectively investigated the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and the incidence of colon and rectal cancers in two large cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (88 764 women) and the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study (47 325 men). Diet was assessed and cumulatively updated in 1980, 1984, 1986, and 1990 among women and in 1986 and 1990 among men. The incidence of cancer of the colon and rectum was ascertained up to June or January of 1996, respectively. Relative risk (RR) estimates were calculated with the use of pooled logistic regression models accounting for various potential confounders. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: With a follow-up including 1 743 645 person-years and 937 cases of colon cancer, we found little association of colon cancer incidence with fruit and vegetable consumption. For women and men combined, a difference in fruit and vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with a covariate-adjusted RR of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-1.05). A difference in vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with an RR of 1.03 (95% CI = 0.97-1.09). Similar results were obtained for women and men considered separately. A difference in fruit consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with a covariate-adjusted RR for colon cancer of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.89-1.03) among women and 1. 08 (95% CI = 1.00-1.16) among men. For rectal cancer (total, 244 cases), a difference in fruit and vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with an RR of 1.02 (95% CI = 0.95-1.09) in men and women combined. None of these associations was modified by vitamin supplement use or smoking habits. CONCLUSIONS: Although fruits and vegetables may confer protection against some chronic diseases, their frequent consumption does not appear to confer protection from colon or rectal cancer.     

A comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancerA comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancer

Aims: To assess and compare knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer and breast cancer in a sample of the general population. Methods: Eleven hundred visitors to six different outpatient clinics, in a University Hospital, were given a study-specific questionnaire, based on educational material from the British Association of Cancer United Patients (CancerBACUP). The questionnaire consisted of 12 statements on the incidence, presentation, detection, treatment and prognosis of colorectal and breast cancer. Results: One thousand and sixty-eight individuals returned the questionnaire. One thousand and four completed questionnaires were analysed. The mean age (SD) of respondents was 50.1 (17.2) years, and the male to female ratio was 2:3. Respondents had read more about breast than about colorectal cancer (60.3%vs 32.4%,P <0.0001, McNemar's test). The proportion of correct answers for each statement on breast cancer was higher than for answers to corresponding items on colorectal cancer. Mean overall scores (95% CI) for breast and colorectal cancer were 88.1 (86.9, 89.2) and 64.4 (62.5, 66.3) respectively, the mean difference (95% CI) being 23.7 (22.0, 25.5). Scores were higher for breast cancer irrespective of age or gender. Conclusion: There is a low level of understanding of colorectal cancer in the general population when compared to breast cancer. This highlights the importance of public education in this common cancer.     

Quality of life and care in leukemia,myeloma and non-malignant disease. Opinions of patients and relatives,and effects of geography and time

In a questionnaire study 140 subjects answered 4200 questions in 1980 and 1986. They consisted of patients with myeloma, acute leukemia, lung carcinoma, and non-malignant disease and their relatives. In 22 additional cases the questionnaire was not answered. The results show that myeloma patients are less content with the general care than leukemia patients (P < 0.05). Similarly, relatives of deceased myeloma patients are less satisfied with the information given to them than relatives of deceased leukemia patients (P < 0.001). The information has improved with time, however, since the patients were more satisfied in 1986 than in 1980 (P < 0.001) and relatives of myeloma patients still alive were more satisfied than relatives of patients who had died earlier (P < 0.001).     

Quality of life and care in leukemia, myeloma and non-malignant disease. Opinions of patients and relatives, and effects of geography and time

In a questionnaire study 140 subjects answered 4200 questions in 1980 and 1986. They consisted of patients with myeloma, acute leukemia, lung carcinoma, and non-malignant disease and their relatives. In 22 additional cases the questionnaire was not answered. The results show that myeloma patients are less content with the general care than leukemia patients (P less than 0.05). Similarly, relatives of decreased myeloma patients are less satisfied with the information given to them than relatives of deceased leukemia patients (P less than 0.001). The information has improved with time, however, since the patients were more satisfied in 1986 than in 1980 (P less than 0.001) and relatives of myeloma patients still alive were more satisfied than relatives of patients who had died earlier (P less than 0.001). The opinions of patients were similar to those of their relatives. However, the relatives of leukemia patients were even more satisfied with the contact with the medical staff than the patients themselves (P less than 0.05). As many as 10-30% of the relatives never gave up hope for their relative's survival. Only two out of 27 deaths were considered not dignified. The lung carcinoma patients reported a less good quality of life (P less than 0.001), and less satisfaction with the information given (P less than 0.01), than the hematological patients from the same year. Similarly, their attitude to the medical care improved less (P less than 0.01), and they were less content with the general care than the leukemia group (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)