关节镜辅助下的同种异体半月板移植(附4例术后20个月以上随访报告)

目的:介绍同种异体半月板移植并总结4例关节镜辅助下的同种异体半月板移植的初步临床效果。材料和方法:2005年6月～7月,4例半月板切除术后的患者接受关节镜辅助的同种异体半月板移植手术,其中男性3例、女性1例,平均年龄30.78±7.71岁(21.5～38.5岁)。3例内侧半月板移植,1例外侧半月板移植。随访采用症状询问,体征检查,IKDC、Lysholm和Tegner评分及KT2000测量关节稳定性的方法。4例患者均每半年进行一次X线片及MRI检查,分别观察膝关节的关节间隙改变及移植半月板状态。对所得结果,因病例只有4例,故只进行数据描述,不进行统计学分析。结果:对4例患者均进行了平均21.80±0.81(20～22)个月的随访。所有患者随访时关节活动度均正常,均无明显的膝关节疼痛和肿胀,原来长时间活动后被切除半月板的间室不适完全消失。患者可以胜任日常活动和体育锻炼,无并发症出现。IKDC、Lysholm、Tegner评分均较术前明显提高。KT2000测量发现术后膝关节的稳定性有所改善。X线片检查提示术后患者关节间隙无明显变化。每半年一次的MRI检查提示移植半月板术后1年时替代存活已经很好。结论:关节镜辅助下的同种异体半月板移植安全可行,半月板移植可缓解半月板切除后出现的关节疼痛、肿胀等症状,促进关节功能恢复并使膝关节的稳定性有所改善。     

关节镜下成形联合缝合术治疗不稳定型外侧盘状半月板临床分析

目的:回顾分析关节镜下成形联合缝合修补术治疗不稳定型外侧盘状半月板的手术方法和近期疗效。方法:复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学与关节镜外科自2007年6月至2008年10月采用关节镜下半月板成形联合周边缘缝合术治疗不稳定型外侧盘状半月板患者49例(52膝),随访时采用Lysholm评分、HSS膝关节功能评分(hospital for special surgery knee score)及复查MRI评价手术疗效。结果:49例(52膝)术后随访14个月至30个月,平均20.8个月。术前Lysholm评分为43±7.3分,术后90±5.3分(P<0.01),术前HSS评分为40±8.6分,术后89±7.3分(P<0.01),评分优良率分别为86.5%和87.9%。24膝得到MRI复查,21膝完全愈合,3膝部分愈合。结论:采用关节镜下半月板成形联合缝合修补术治疗不稳定型外侧盘状半月板创伤小,手术效果良好。     

关节镜下半月板缝合结合骨髓刺激治疗半月板水平撕裂20例报告

目的:通过临床功能评分评估结合骨髓刺激技术和关节镜下半月板修补术治疗半月板水平分层状撕裂的疗效。方法:完整随访20例半月板水平分层状撕裂患者,采用关节镜下半月板缝合结合骨髓刺激技术修补。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Lysholm评分、Tegner评分评估术后功能。通过临床症状和术后功能评估修补成功率。结果:平均随访18.6±5.1个月。VAS评分:术前6.9分,术后1.6分(P<0.001);Lyshom评分:术前49.5±16.3分,术后91.6±7.2分(P<0.001);Tegner评分:术前3.5±1.3分,术后7.0±0.6分(P<0.001)。最后一次随访时,18例(90%)患者没有任何半月板撕裂临床症状。结论:半月板缝合结合关节镜下骨髓刺激可以促进水平分层状半月板撕裂的愈合。     

关节镜下MeniscalFastener缝合修复半月板体部纵行撕裂的疗效观察

目的：探讨关节镜下MeniscalFastener 缝合修复半月板体部纵行撕裂的疗效情况。方法分析42例半月板损伤患者临床资料,采用关节镜下MeniscalFastener缝合修复半月板体部纵行撕裂。结果半月板体部纵行撕裂患者术后Lysholm评分和Tegner运动评分明显优于术前,P＜0.05,差异均有统计学意义。结论关节镜下MeniscalFastener缝合修复半月板体部纵行撕裂临床效果明显,预后功能恢复良好,值得临床推广应用。     

关节镜下半月板缝合技巧

目的 :总结 3 0 8例膝关节半月板缝合的技巧和经验。方法 :根据 3 0 8例关节镜下半月板缝合的临床实践 ,归纳半月板修复的基本操作程序和该项技术的操作技巧。根据缝合修复的特点进行半月板损伤部位的分区。结果 :3 0 8例半月板缝合全部在镜下完成 ,无 1例改用切开操作 ,其中缝合 2针 1 96例 ,4针 96例 ,6针 1 2例 ,8针 3例 ,1 2针 1例。操作中出现的问题有 :缝线打结断裂 8例 ,缝线拽脱 4例 ,缝合针弯曲 5例。缝合时间 3 0～ 90分钟 ,平均 60分钟 ,其中以Ⅱ区缝合时间最短 ,平均 40分钟 ;Ⅰ区 (前角区 )、Ⅳ区 (后角区 )最长 ,平均 65分钟。全部病例经 6个月～76个月随访 (平均 2 6个月) ,膝关节无症状率达 92 %。Lysholm评分 :术前 5 2±1 1 ,术后 92± 8(P <0 0 1 )。结论 :关节镜下半月板缝合术是治疗半月板损伤有效的手段之一     

关节镜下同时修复重建前交叉韧带合并半月板损伤

目的　探讨关节镜下同时修复重建前交叉韧带 (ACL)合并半月板损伤的临床效果。方法　 4 8例患者全部在关节镜下完成ACL、半月板损伤的修复重建术。术前临床症状、体征包括 :膝关节行走痛 4 1例 ,膝关节不稳定感 36例 ,关节交锁史 8例 ,Lachman试验阳性 4 5例 ,前抽屉试验阳性 38例 ,外侧轴移试验阳性 2 4例。半月板损伤采用系列导管下特制长缝合针由内向外缝合法修复 ;ACL损伤修复采用半腱肌、股薄肌 ,闭合拉出微型钢板法重建 ,术后采用康复治疗。　结果　本组随访 13～ 6 5个月 ,平均 2 7个月。 1例剧烈活动后膝关节胀痛 ,2例活动受限 2 0° ,其余关节功能正常。Lyshlom膝关节评分 ,术前 5 8± 9,术后 95± 5 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　关节镜下同时修复重建ACL、半月板损伤的疗效显著 ,值得推广。     

关节镜下同种异体半月板移植术后疗效观察以及关节镜二次探查报道

目的:探讨18例关节镜下同种异体半月板移植术后效果,并且对其中6例进行术后二次探查以进一步分析移植术后临床效果。方法:对18例2010年1月至2013月12月间半月板切除术后的患者,在关节镜辅助下实施同种异体半月板移植术,对患者进行了平均18.80±0.51(15~26)个月的随访,采用IKDC、Lysholm和Tegner评分进行评估比较,观察分析其恢复效果。其中6例患者术后行关节镜二次探查。结果:18例半月板移植患者行走功能正常,膝关节活动度良好,术后膝关节疼痛不适明显改善,可以完成日常活动和基本体育运动,各项评估指标如IKDC、Lysholm、Tegner评分均较术前有明显提高。其中6例关节镜二次探查见移植半月板周缘关节囊愈合,形态基本正常,稳定性良好。结论:关节镜下同种异体半月板移植安全,半月板移植可有效缓解半月板切除后出现的关节疼痛、肿胀等症状,可获得较好的近期临床效果,临床未见明显的免疫排斥反应。     

局麻全关节镜下半月板囊肿的清理与缝合治疗

目的评价局麻全关节镜下半月板囊肿清理与缝合术的疗效。方法 2005年3月-2009年11月收治半月板囊肿42例,其中男27例,女15例,年龄31.2±6.3(15~46)岁,采用局麻全关节镜下囊肿清理与半月板缝合术进行治疗,评估患者的手术满意度,并比较手术前后的Lysholm评分及VAS疼痛评分,记录有无术后并发症及囊肿复发。结果所有患者均获随访,随访时间13个月~5年(26.4±11.8个月),未见明显术后并发症及囊肿复发。术后Lysholm评分(90.63±9.45)明显高于术前(40.75±11.39,P=0.00),而VAS疼痛评分(1.63±2.29)明显低于术前(7.50±2.82,P=0.00)。按Molster对Lysholm评分的分级方法,术后优27例,良12例,可3例,优良率92.9%。手术疗效满意度95.2%。结论局麻全关节镜下囊肿清理与半月板缝合术手术创伤小,安全性高,有利于早期康复。     

关节镜下手术治疗盘状半月板的疗效及其影响因素分析

目的:回顾性研究关节镜下手术治疗盘状半月板的长期结果;从性别、症状持续时间、手术时年龄、盘状半月板类型、半月板损伤类型等多个方面分析影响手术结果的因素。方法:回顾性分析2008~2013年期间于我院手术治疗的97例106膝盘状半月板。平均随访时间27.3±18.8个月。主要手术方式包括半月板修整成形术、修整成形+固定术和半月板全切术。记录随访末期Lysholm评分、IKDC评分、Tegner运动评分及VAS疼痛评分;手术结果按照Ikeuchi分级标准进行分级。结果:所有病例随访期手术结果 Ikeuchi分级为:优64膝(60.4%),良27膝(25.5%),可10膝(9.4%),差5膝(4.7%);总体优良率达85.9%。手术时的年龄及术前症状持续时间对手术结果有影响,而患者性别、盘状半月板类型、半月板损伤类型、手术方式均无明显影响。结论:关节镜下手术治疗盘状半月板,年轻患者及早期手术治疗患者的疗效较好,建议对盘状半月板损伤应尽早行关节镜下手术治疗。     

FasT-Fix半月板缝合的临床疗效与MRI造影评估愈合研究

目的:了解关节镜下使用FasT-Fix系统进行半月板缝合的临床疗效与MRI造影下的愈合情况。方法:2006年4月至2007年7月,17例患者、18侧损伤半月板在我所应用Fast-Fix系统进行了关节镜下全内的半月板缝合,所有患者同时进行了交叉韧带重建,于术后平均11个月进行临床随访,依照Barrett标准评价半月板缝合的临床愈合情况,并对随访患者进行IKDC、Lysholm和Tegner评分。所有18侧半月板应用MRI造影评价半月板愈合情况。结果:18侧缝合的半月板有17侧得到了临床愈合,临床愈合率为94.4%。平均IKDC评分由术前的46.4分提高至术后的75.2分,平均Lysholm评分由术前的44.8分提高至术后的80.6分,平均Tegner评分由术前的2.5分提高至术后的5.4分。MRI造影显示18侧半月板中13侧为完全愈合,2侧为部分层厚不愈合,3侧为全层厚不愈合,总愈合率为83.3%,完全愈合率为72.2%。结论:应用Fast-Fix系统进行半月板缝合具有很好的临床效果,MRI造影显示有较高的愈合率。     

Clinical results of meniscus repair with the meniscus arrow: a 4- to 8-year follow-up study

The short-term clinical results of meniscus repair with the meniscus arrow were promising. Unfavorable outcomes were reported in two studies, with longer follow-up, raising concerns about the efficacy of this device. We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients (mean age 23.7 years; range 14–37 years) that underwent all-inside meniscus repair, using the meniscus arrow. Seventeen patients had an isolated meniscus tear (ACL intact group) and 45 patients concomitant ACL rupture that was reconstructed at the same time with the meniscus repair (ACL reconstructed group). All patients followed a non-aggressive rehabilitation protocol. Follow-up was assessed by clinical examination, Lysholm and Tegner score, IKDC knee examination form and KT-2000 arthrometry for the anteroposterior laxity of the reconstructed knees. At an average follow-up of 73 months (range 49–96 months) there were three failures (4.8%), one from the ACL intact group and two from the ACL reconstructed group. One patient developed arthrofibrosis (ACL reconstructed group) that resolved conservatively. Soft tissue irritation at the repair site was noted in three patients. In two patients the symptoms were transient. In the third patient the arrow tip was cut off under local anaesthesia due to saphenous infrapatellar branch irritation and the symptoms resolved (inappropriate arrow size). KT-2000 arthrometry showed that sagittal knee laxity was less than 3 mm in all reconstructed knees. The mean Tegner activity score decreased from 6.7 (pretrauma) to 6.2 (postoperatively). The average Lysholm score was 96, with normal or nearly normal function of all success knees, according to the IKDC knee examination form. Our results show a high clinical success rate of meniscus repair with the meniscus arrow. We found this device both safe and effective.     

膝关节内侧盘状软骨损伤13例病历分析

目的:回顾性研究13例膝关节内侧盘状软骨损伤患者(随访11例)的临床表现和手术治疗效果。方法:对我所收治的13例内侧盘状软骨损伤患者的临床特征、手术方式、治疗效果和影像学改变等进行评估,并结合文献进行分析。结果:内侧盘状软骨损伤占全部半月板损伤的1.35‰,男性多见。内侧盘状软骨分为完全型和不完全型两种类型。损伤发生年龄平均为(28.8±14.0)岁,损伤机制多为屈膝内旋损伤,损伤类型以纵裂和层裂多见。临床症状以疼痛、肿胀、弹响和打软为主,体征以内侧关节间隙压痛最为典型。手术以盘状软骨切除为主,近期效果良好:术后2年的Tegner评分为7(4~9)分,Lysholm评分为94.8±2.4。远期效果由于内侧关节间室退变而变差。结论:内侧盘状软骨损伤少见,临床特征同一般半月板损伤,无特异性表现。盘状软骨切除近期效果良好,远期效果由于内侧关节间室的退变而逐渐变差。     

Mid-term clinical results of medial meniscus repair with the meniscus arrow in the unstable knee

The medial meniscus is a secondary stabilizer to anterior tibial translation and provides significant stability, especially in an ACL-deficient knee. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of medial meniscus repair in the unstable knee. Between 1997 and 2002, 11 patients, with a mean age of 25.8 years (range 15–39 years), underwent all-inside medial meniscus repair, using the Meniscus Arrow, for unstable medial meniscus tear in ACL-deficient knees. For various reasons none of these patients underwent ACL reconstruction. The average follow-up was 73 months (range 52–91 months). There were three failures (27.3%) defined as the need for reoperation and partial meniscectomy. The mean Tegner activity score decreased from 6.75 (pretrauma) to 4.5 (postoperatively). The average Lysholm and subjective IKDC scores were 83 and 77.4, respectively. Two patients were graded as B (nearly normal) and six as C (abnormal), according to the IKDC knee evaluation form. KT-2000 arthrometry demonstrated that sagittal knee laxity was more than 5 mm in all knees (side to side difference). MRI demonstrated grade three signal alterations at the repair site of meniscus in three patients and signs of cartilage damage in two patients. All patients were asymptomatic during daily activities but seven out of eight reported pain or effusion after sports. Medial meniscus repair in the ACL-deficient knee is not contraindicated. The need of reducing the level of physical activity is essential.     

Epidemiologic, clinical and arthroscopic study of the discoid meniscus variant in Greek population

This retrospective study was aimed to investigate the epidemiologic, clinical and arthroscopic features of discoid meniscus variant in Greek population. We reviewed the cases of 2,132 patients who underwent knee arthroscopy between 1986 and 2004 and diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus was established in 39 patients with mean age of 31.7 ± 9.4 years old. Incidence of the discoid lateral meniscus variant was recorded at rate of 1.8% presenting no significant differences according to patient gender or lesion body side. Regarding the type of discoid dysmorphy, 23 cases attributed to complete type, 15 were incomplete and in one case, Wrisberg type was observed. Predictive values of the most commonly recorded physical signs in the clinical diagnosis of the discoid meniscus were analysed. Comparative evaluation of the long-term results of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy performed in patients with intact or torn discoid lateral meniscus and torn normally shaped lateral meniscus was carried out using Lysholm and IKDC scoring systems. Also, we investigated any correlation between dysmorphy type and tear pattern analysing the arthroscopic findings. Results demonstrated that the discoid meniscus lesion represents an atypical clinical entity in adults and no significant predictive value of the signs encountered in the clinical examination of the patients with discoid meniscus was observed. Clinical outcome after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy regarding the intact discoid meniscus group was superior in comparison with that of torn discoid meniscus cases. On other hand, no difference in the result of partial meniscectomy between discoid and normal lateral meniscus tear groups was found. No statistically significant relationship between the type of discoid menisci and tear pattern or incidence rate of concomitant intraarticular lesions was confirmed.     

Results of repeat meniscal repair

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of repeat repair of retorn menisci has not been demonstrated. PURPOSE: To document clinical and radiographic results of repeat repair of retorn menisci that had previously undergone primary repair. STUDY DESIGN: Uncontrolled retrospective review. METHODS: Eighteen consecutive repeat meniscal repairs were performed over an 11-year period. RESULTS: Fourteen of 18 patients (13 repeat meniscal repairs and 1 second repeat meniscal repair) had clinically intact menisci and were available for a mean follow-up of 7.33 years (range, 3.25 to 13.75). The average durability of the initial repair was 3.46 years (range, 0.17 to 14.67). Five patients sustained a tear at the site of rerepair; one underwent second repeat repair of the meniscus and the other four patients underwent partial meniscectomy. The mean Lysholm score for the remaining 14 patients was 82.1 (range, 38 to 100), and the mean Tegner score was 5.6 (range, 2 to 8). On the International Knee Documentation Committee rating scale, five knees received an overall rating of normal; six, nearly normal; and three, abnormal. Radiographs revealed grade 0 changes (normal) in five of the involved knee compartments and grade I changes (sclerosis or mild narrowing measuring 1 to 2 mm) in the remaining five. CONCLUSIONS: Repeat repair of retorn menisci had a 72% survival rate with relief of symptoms and return to high levels of function.     

Clinical evaluation of meniscus repair with a bioabsorbable arrow: a 2- to 3-year follow-up study

In a clinical study with the bioabsorbable Bionx Meniscus Arrow we prospectively evaluated 113 consecutive patients (113 menisci) after all-inside meniscus repair. Repairs were performed in either the medial (80.5%) or lateral (19.5%) posterior horn in the red-red or red-white meniscal zone; 66% of patients underwent concomitant ACL reconstruction. Assessment was based on history, clinical examination, and Lysholm [37] and Cincinnati Knee Scores. After a mean follow-up was 33 months (range 24-43; n=105) 21 (20%) patients showed signs and symptoms consistent with a meniscus tear (16 medial, 5 lateral) and underwent partial meniscectomy. In 11 (52%) of the revised patients concomitant ACL reconstruction was performed; 4 (19%) of revised patients were older than 35 years. In the nonrevised the average Lysholm Score was 92.5 and the average Cincinnati Score 90.4. Two patients showed a distinct femoral cartilage damage. Patient's age did not significantly affect the revision rate. Meniscus repair with the bioabsorbable arrow leads to clinical results comparable to those of traditional suture techniques. When stabilized, patients with concomitant ACL reconstruction showed comparable results to patients without ACL rupture. The simple and time saving all-inside insertion obviates the need for additional incisions and avoids knot tying. A proper tear selection and arrow positioning is necessary and should avoid cartilage damage.     

半月板损伤部位与临床查体阳性体征的相关性研究

目的:分析半月板损伤部位与半月板损伤查体之间的对应关系,评价各种临床查体方法对半月板损伤诊断的临床价值。方法:对2009年3月~2011年3月通过临床查体及MRI诊断以及关节镜检确诊半月板损伤的114例(123膝)患者进行回顾性分析,研究半月板损伤各种查体方法对于诊断不同部位半月板损伤的敏感度和特异性。结果:各种半月板损伤的查体方法对诊断半月板损伤有着重要的提示作用,并与半月板损伤部位存在明显的相关性。结论:多个相关临床查体相结合可提高半月板损伤诊断的准确率。     

Clinical features and prognosis of discoid medial meniscus

Purpose

To evaluate the clinical manifestations and the outcome of surgical treatment of discoid medial meniscus.

Methods

Records of 13 patients with discoid medial meniscus were retrospectively reviewed for their epidemiology, clinical manifestations, operation methods, treatment outcome and radiographic characteristics.

Results

The 13 cases of discoid medial meniscal injury took up 1.5 ‰ of the overall meniscal injuries treated at our institute during the 44-year period. Patients presented with knee pain (13 patients), giving away (10 patients), swelling (9 patients) and snapping (9 patients). The most common physical signs were medial joint line tenderness (13 patients) and positive McMurray test (11 patients). Ten patients required total meniscectomy. There were excellent short-term results: the median Tegner score was 7, and the mean Lysholm score was 94.8 ± 2.4 at two-year follow-up. However, the long-term outcome was not as good with degenerative changes in the medial compartment of all the involved knees.

Conclusion

The discoid medial meniscus is extremely rare. The clinical signs and symptoms of discoid medial meniscal injuries are similar to those of any other meniscal injury. No Wrisberg-ligament type abnormality was found. Meniscectomy for discoid medial meniscus produced promising short-term results and deteriorating long-term results with secondary degeneration of cartilage in the medial compartment.

Level of evidence

Retrospective case series, Level IV.     

Clinical outcomes following surgically repaired bucket-handle meniscus tears

Objectives: Meniscus tears are one of the most common knee injuries. Our goal is to investigate the failure rate for surgically repaired bucket-handle meniscus tears and compare clinical outcomes of repairs that failed versus those that did not, at a minimum 2-year follow-up interval.

Methods: 51 patients were identified in this retrospective cohort study who experienced bucket-handle meniscus tears that were isolated or with concomitant ACL injury. Inclusion criteria included age range from 13–55 years, confirmed bucket-handle meniscus tear by MRI and intraoperatively, and at least two-years of post-operative follow-up following index repair. Demographic data and outcome surveys were collected at a minimum of two-years follow-up after repair.

Results: Of the 51 patients that had a bucket-handle meniscal repair, 12 (23.5%) were defined as failures (return of symptoms alongside re-tear in the same zone of the repaired meniscus within two years of surgery). No demographic variables (age, sex, and BMI smoking status, location of tear, or concomitant ACL tear) significantly correlated with failure. The mean of the Sports and Recreation KOOS was significantly lower between the non-failure (87 ± 14.4) and failure (70 ± 17.2) cohorts (p = 0.0072). The Quality of Life subscale was significantly lower between the non-failure (76 ± 15.8) and failure (57 ± 18.2) groups (p = 0.0058). There was a significant difference in the post-operative Lysholm scores (p = 0.0039) with a mean of 90 ± 9.1 for the entire cohort and means of 92 ± 8.4 and 83 ± 8.6, for non-failure and failure groups, respectively.

Conclusions: We found a higher failure rate (23.5%) for bucket-handle meniscus repairs at two-year follow up than has been cited in the literature, which is typically less than 20%, with significantly lower KOOS Quality of Life and Sports and Recreation subscales and Lysholm scores for the failure cohort. This is the first study to report these outcome scores solely for bucket-handle meniscus repairs, shedding light on the post-operative quality of life of patients with repair success or failure.