“旋后牵伸法治疗肱骨外上髁炎观察”一文读后感

“旋后牵伸法治疗肱骨外上髁炎观察”提出以牵引为主的方法治疗肱骨外上髁炎,有创见。读后有3点异议,与作者商榷。     

肩肘常见筋伤与颈椎病相关性的观察

肩肘常见筋伤包括肩关节周围炎、肱骨外上髁炎和内上髁炎,治疗多从局部的病变出发。笔者自1998年以来对351例肩周炎、158例肱骨外上髁炎、内上髁炎患者与颈椎病的相关性进行观察研究,并在治疗中采取颈肩肘同治的方法,取得较好的疗效。1资料与方法1·1诊断标准颈椎病和肩关节周围炎、肱骨外上髁、内上髁炎诊断标准均根据国家中医药管理局发布的中医病证诊断疗效标准[1]。1·2病例选择①以同时存在肩关节周围炎与颈椎病或肱骨外上髁、内上髁炎与颈椎病症状体征者为观察对象;②观察对象双侧都有症状体征者,以严重一侧记录;③剔除由局部外伤、感…     

推拿手法联合艾灸天枢穴治疗风寒阻络型肱骨外上髁炎51例临床观察

目的:观察推拿手法联合艾灸天枢穴治疗风寒阻络型肱骨外上髁炎的临床疗效.方法:将102例肱骨外上髁炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组51例.治疗组采用推拿手法联合艾灸天枢穴治疗,对照组采用普通针刺治疗.2组均以7 d为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程.观察2组临床疗效,以及治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、肘关节功能评分...     

显微手术与伸肌总腱起点松解术治疗顽固性肱骨外上髁炎的比较

顽固性肱骨外上髁炎是指反复发作、多次治疗无效的肱骨外上髁炎,自2001年10月～2003年1月对37例38臂顽固性肱骨外上髁炎进行显微松解、切断微神经支手术,现报告如下.     

运动机能贴布联合物理因子治疗肱骨外上髁炎的疗效观察

目的观察运动机能贴布联合物理因子治疗肱骨外上髁炎的临床效果。方法纳入自2016-11—2017-03诊治的42例肱骨外上髁炎,采用数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组,各21例。对照组使用多功能超声波治疗仪治疗;观察组在超声波治疗基础上,应用运动机能贴布进行贴扎治疗。结果所有患者均完成2周的治疗。治疗前2组VAS评分、DASH评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后2组VAS评分、DASH评分均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组VAS评分、DASH评分较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论物理因子治疗肱骨外上髁炎可以缓解疼痛、恢复患肢功能,联合运动机能贴布治疗较单纯物理因子治疗疗效更优。     

闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗肱骨髁上骨折的临床分析

目的 探讨闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗肱骨髁上骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2016-03-2018-01采用闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗的36例肱骨髁上骨折,术中经皮于肱骨外髁处由外向内置入2枚克氏针,肘关节取伸直约30°位触及内上髁,从肱骨内上髁前内侧处,将克氏针逐渐向远端置入至肱骨内髁前下方,术后采用前臂旋后...     

剐割治疗肱骨外上髁炎18例体会

我院采用肱骨外上髁压痛点局麻下剐割治疗肱骨外上髁炎18例,疗效满意。 临床资料 18例中,复发性肱骨外上髁炎12例,复发3次9例,2次3例。年龄31一55岁。术后随访1年均未见复发。     

弹簧式压力测痛仪在肱骨外上髁炎诊断中的应用

目的:探讨自行研制的弹簧式压力测痛仪的结构、原理及在肱骨外上髁炎痛点诊断中的应用.方法:用弹簧式压力测痛仪定点、定压对肱骨外上髁炎进行诊断,给予2%利多卡因2 mL加醋酸泼尼松龙25 mg混合液封闭,治疗1个疗程后评定疗效.结果:该测痛仪比原始检查方法明显减少了主观随意性,测痛方法简单实用、具体可靠.在诊断肱骨外上髁炎痛点封闭治疗的临床疗效上经Ridit分析,治疗组明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:弹簧式压力测痛仪对肌肉系统疼痛的测评具有较大优势,具有操作简便、省时的特点.利用该测痛仪在诊断痛点治疗肱骨外上髁炎上在改善疼痛方面比原始检查方法优越.     

体外冲击波与脉冲短波治疗肱骨外上髁炎的对照研究

目的探讨体外冲击波与脉冲短波治疗肱骨外上髁炎的临床效果。方法符合诊断标准的60例原发性肱骨外上髁炎患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,治疗组采用体外冲击波治疗,对照组采用脉冲短波治疗,分别于治疗前后采用活动痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS评分法)和压痛记分法进行指标评估,观察比较两组疗效并进行统计学处理。结果两组治疗前后VAS评分和压痛评分比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),以治疗组更好(P0.05)。治疗组与对照组的总有效率分别为96.67%和86.67%(P0.05),两组差异具有统计学意义。结论体外冲击波治疗肱骨外上髁炎效果良好,优于脉冲短波疗法,且具有简便易行、取效迅速、疗程短等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

小切口微血管神经束切断治疗顽固性肱骨外上髁炎

目的评价小切口微血管神经束切断治疗顽固性肱骨外上髁炎的效果。方法对21例顽固性肱骨外上髁炎,以外上髁痛点为中心做2~3cm切口,皮下伸肌筋膜表面找到直径0.2~0.5mm的微血管神经束,切除1~2cm。结果术后随访6~30个月。治愈19例,术后疼痛完全消失,手握力恢复正常;显效2例,术后疼痛及压痛基本消失,手握力基本正常。均未发生并发症。结论小切口微血管神经束切断是治疗顽固性肱骨外上髁炎的有效方法。     

2015年乳腺癌辅助化疗进展

【摘要】〓乳腺癌是危害我国女性健康的头号杀手,尽管近年来辅助化疗的研究进展突飞猛进,但临床中仍有不少问题未能明确,如辅助化疗的合适人群、化疗的开始时间、蒽环及紫杉类的地位和用法、强化维持治疗的作用、疗效及预后的生物标志物等。本文结合乳腺癌辅助化疗在临床上的常见问题和2015年各大乳腺癌会议阐述乳腺癌辅助化疗的最新进展。     

Alterations in T-Cell Subset Frequency in Peripheral Blood in Obesity

Background: Obesity affects the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. This study characterizes differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotype in obese humans. Methods: Frequencies of lymphocyte subsets among peripheral blood mononuclear cells were compared between 10 obese (BMI ≥35) and 10 lean subjects, as determined by antibodies directed against cluster differentiation (CD) markers. Results: Obese patients demonstrated an increased frequency of CD3+CD4+ T-cells (mean difference 12%, P=0.004), a decreased frequency of CD3+CD8+ T-cells (mean difference 9.4%, P=0.016) and an increased frequency of CD3+CD8+CD95+ T-cells (mean difference 13.3%, P=0.032). No other differences among T-cell or monocyte subsets were noted. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with alterations in frequencies of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and aberrations in the expression of CD95 among CD8+ T-cells. These data suggest both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell compartments, as well as the regulation of CD95 expression on CD8+ T-cells, as targets for further study into obesity's effects on the immune system.     

西宁地区烧伤病人动脉血气分析观察

对高海拔地区的27例烧伤病人动脉血气变化进行了分析和观察。结果证明:无论是存活病人还是死亡病人伤后均存在有低氧血症问题。并且在死亡病人和烧伤合并吸入性损伤病人其低氧血症的发生早于单纯烧伤病人。提示:吸入性损伤病人应立即行气管切开术以保障氧气供给,单纯烧伤病人可常规吸氧以维持正常血 PaO_2,ARDS 均发生在合并吸入性损伤的病人,高频喷射通气技术对纠正低氧血症有一定效果。     

Controversies in Fistula in Ano

Managing a complex fistula in ano can be a daunting task for most surgeons; largely due to the two major dreaded complications—recurrence & fecal incontinence. It is important to understand the anatomy of the anal sphincters & the aetiopathological process of the disease to provide better patient care. There are quite a few controversies associated with fistula in ano & its management, which compound the difficulty in treating fistula in ano. This article attempts to clear some of those major controversies.     

β-半乳糖苷酶在体内外成骨细胞中的表达

目的 研究β—半乳糖苷酶(β—gal)在成骨细胞中的表达状况，为阐明MorquioB综合征的发病机制提供依据。方法 裸鼠各器官和骨组织标本行X-gal染色检测。抽取羊和人骨髓行骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)培养，分为4组：I：Adv-hBMP-2转染组；Ⅱ：Adv—β—gal转染组；Ⅲ：未转染组；Ⅳ：地塞米松诱导组。分别行X-gal染色和RT-PCR检测β—gal的表达。结果 裸鼠骺板两侧、骨膜内面及松质骨的成骨细胞和破骨细胞可见多量β—gal的表达。未转染BMSCs组有少量β—gal的表达，其他3组细胞的β—gal表达增高。结论成骨细胞和破骨细胞可表达多量β—gal，该两种细胞的β—gal缺乏可能是MorquioB综合征骨骼异常的直接原因。     

Fluid-phase transcytosis in the primate epididymis in vitro and in vivo

Ligated tubules from the corpus epididymidis of men and monkeys were incubated in medium containing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a marker for fluid-phase endocytosis. HRP was localized by light and electron microscopy after 0, 15, 30 and 60 min of incubation. Movement between the cells was prevented by tight junctions, but bypass of this barrier was apparently achieved by an intracellular vesicular mechanism leading to a time-dependent appearance of HRP in the lumen. Uptake of HRP into basal cells and capture by the lysosomal apparatus of principal cells were also observed. HRP-filled vesicles also appeared in the basal, mid and apical cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the caput 1 h after injection of the tracer into the epididymal circulation of the monkey, suggesting that this pathway also operates in vivo.     

Surgical management of ductal carcinoma in situ in Australia in 1995

Background: In the present paper we describe the presentation and management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast in women in Australia in 1995. This representative, national data set provides a historical comparator for studies examining DCIS management that follow. Methods: Surgeons identified by population‐based cancer registries as having treated a new diagnosis of DCIS between 1 April and 30 September 1995 completed a questionnaire on the presentation and management of each case. Results: Two hundred and five surgeons supplied treatment details on 418 DCIS tumours in 415 women . Half of all tumours were detected at BreastScreen clinics and a further 25% were detected at other mammography centres. Twenty‐six percent of tumours were palpable at presentation, 33% were multifocal and 55% were high grade (including comedocarcinoma). Breast conserving therapy (BCT) rather than mastectomy was utilized in 260 (62%) of cases. Tumours that were of low grade, small in size and not multifocal were more likely to be treated by BCT. Surgeons seeing six or more DCIS cases in the 6‐month period were more likely to utilize BCT. Of the conservatively treated cases, 22% were referred for a radiation oncology consultation. The most common reasons for treating DCIS with mastectomy were that the tumour was too extensive or multifocal (63%), it extended to margins of the specimen (42%), or patient concerns about recurrence (34%). Conclusions: In 1995 the majority of DCIS was treated with breast conserving surgery alone. Surgeons treating more DCIS cases were more likely to perform conservative surgery than surgeons treating only one DCIS case in the study period.     

Smoking-Attributable mortality in Spain in 2016

IntroductionSmoking-attributable mortality (SAM) is a valuable indicator that can be used to characterize the course and health burden of the smoking epidemic. The aim of this paper was to estimate SAM in Spain in 2016 in the population aged 35 and over, using the best available evidence.MethodsA smoking prevalence-dependent analysis based on the estimation of population-attributable fractions was performed. Smoking prevalence (never, former, and current smokers) was calculated from a combination of the Spanish Health Survey (2016) and the European Health Survey (2014); the relative risk of death among current and former smokers was taken from the follow-up of various cohorts; and mortality rates were obtained from National Center for Statistics data. SAM estimates are presented globally, and by sex, age groups, and major disease categories: cancer, cardiometabolic diseases and respiratory diseases.ResultsIn 2016, 56,124 deaths were attributed to tobacco consumption, 84% in men (47,000), and 50% in the population aged over 74 (27,795). Overall, 50% of SAM was due to cancer (28,281), 65% of which was lung cancer. One in 4 attributable deaths (13,849) occurred before the age of 65.ConclusionsOne in 7 deaths in Spain in 2016 were attributable to smoking. This estimation of SAM clearly highlights the great impact of smoking on mortality in Spain, mainly due to lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.