共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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Methodological Studies on Genomic DNA Extraction and Purification from Plant Drug Materials 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
本文探讨了菊科9种植物和地胆草的4种对口商品药材基因组DNA提取与纯化的原理、方法通过对3种常用植物基因组DNA提取方法(CsCl梯度超速离心法、CTABCsCl梯度超速离心法和CTAB微量提取法)的条件摸索在DNA产率、纯度以及提取纯化过程中影响PCR扩增因子方面进行比较,认为CTAB微量提取法是植物类药材基因组DNA一种比较省时、有效、经济的提取方法 相似文献
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制何首乌多糖的纯度鉴定和理化性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的对制何首乌多糖进行纯度鉴定和理化性质研究。方法采用水提醇沉法提取制何首乌多糖,经过纤维素和凝胶柱层析纯化后,纯化后的多糖PRPM-1、PRPM-2和PRPM-3分别用Sepha-dexG-100柱层析和紫外吸收光谱检测其纯度;通过物理和化学方法分析多糖理化性质。结果制何首乌多糖为均一多糖。结论该测定方法准确,重复性好。 相似文献
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董艳 《国际生物制品学杂志》1992,(5)
大多数植物病毒都含有单链RNA基因组,在感染细胞内以双链形式复制。在感染病毒的植物体内经常可以检测到这种全长和某些非全长双链RNA(dsRNA)。通常健康植物检测不到。因此,植物提取液中dsRNA的存在是病毒感染的极好证据。以往利用酚从组织中提取核酸,用CF-11纤维素柱层析法纯化dsRNA,再用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE)分离不同大小的dsRNA。随着血清学技术的发展,应用合成多核苷酸(如多聚肌苷-胞苷酸(简称In-Cn),或多聚腺苷-尿苷酸(简称An-Un)的单克隆或多克隆抗体可以快 相似文献
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甾体激素原料海柯皂甙元(Hecogenin)在植物体内与糖结合成皂甙而存在,因此需将皂甙水解后再行提取。从龙舌兰屈植物提取海柯皂甙元的水解方法有矿酸水解法和生物水解法两类。后法系将植物中的酶与皂甙分别提出,然后合并两者,在适宜的pH值、温度下使皂甙水解为皂甙元和糖。另有报道用微生物水解皂甙的方法。但这类方法至今还未广泛用于生产。 相似文献
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多糖是由很多单糖分子通过糖苷链相连而形成的天然高分子化合物,多糖结构复杂,种类繁多,并且常与脂质和蛋白质结合成多糖复合物,提取和分析困难。植物多糖常用的提取方法有溶剂提取法、超滤法、酶解法、超声辅助提取法、超临界流体萃取法、微波辅助提取法、闪式提取法和高压蒸煮法等。多糖的检测方法可分为两大类,直接测定多糖包括高效毛细管电泳法、气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和酶法等,利用单糖的性质进行测定,其中利用单糖缩合反应而建立的方法最多,如滴定法,比色法。本文重点介绍植物多糖的提取方法和分析方法,旨在促进植物多糖的开发利用。 相似文献
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丹参多酚酸为丹参的水溶性提取物,具有清除自由基、保护脑神经细胞、改善脑部血液循环、改善抑郁症认知障碍、抗炎、抗肿瘤等药理作用。相较于化学成分与药理作用,目前对其制备工艺的研究相对较少。主要综述丹参多酚酸的分析方法、提取纯化工艺等研究进展,以期为深入研发提供参考。丹参多酚酸主要采用的分析方法有紫外分光光度法、近红外光谱法、一测多评法、比色法等;提取工艺主要为加热回流提取、温浸法、渗漉法、酶法提取等;纯化工艺为大孔吸附树脂纯化法、ZnCl2沉淀法、超滤法等。 相似文献
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目的对无花果叶的化学成分及其药理作用进行综述。方法以近年来发表的国内外文献为依据,从化学成分与提取、药理作用等方面对无花果叶的研究进展进行综述。结果与结论无花果叶的研究开发具有重要意义。 相似文献
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H Maniu 《Virologie》1987,38(4):259-271
Research on interferon progressed very much during the last years, especially studies on the gamma type of interferon. Historical data about the research conducted on the gamma interferon, its inductors, its physical, chemical and biological properties, the methods of preparation and purification, as well as the perspective of therapeutical utilisation of this type of interferon, in spite of some reversible side effects, are presented and discussed. 相似文献
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Hormone-dependent cancers of the breast, prostate and colon have, in the past decade, become the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Billions of dollars have been, and still are being spent to study cancers like these, and, in the past three decades, thanks to work by thousands of dedicated scientists, tremendous advancements in the understanding and treatment of cancer have been made. Nevertheless, as there is no sure-fire cure for a variety of cancers to date, natural protection against cancer has been receiving a great deal of attention lately not only from cancer patients but, surprisingly, from physicians as well. Phytoestrogens, plant-derived secondary metabolites, are diphenolic substances with structural similarity to naturally-occurring human steroid hormones. Phytoestrogens are normally divided into three main classes: flavonoids, coumestans and lignans. Flavonoids are found in almost all plant families in the leaves, stems, roots, flowers and seeds of plants and are among the most popular anti-cancer candidates. Flavonoidic derivatives have a wide range of biological actions such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiallergic activities. Some of these benefits are explained by the potent antioxidant effects of flavonoids, which include metal chelation and free-radical scavenging activities. Patent applications regarding flavonoids range from protocols for extraction and purification from natural resources and the establishment of various biological activities for these extracts to novel methods for the production and isolation of flavonoids with known biological activities. This review will bring the reader up to date on the current knowledge and research available in the field of flavonoids and hormone-dependent cancers, and many of the submitted patents that exploit flavonoids. 相似文献
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概述了血清胸腺因子(STF)的分离纯化、结构、特性、测定,体内分布、生物学作用及其与某些疾病的关系和潜在的药用价值。 相似文献
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目的:对天麻多糖的提取分离方法及药理作用的相关研究进行汇总分析,以期为天麻多糖的开发研究提供参考。方法:以“天麻多糖”“提取分离”“药理作用”“Rhizoma Gastrodiae polysaccharide” 及“Gastrodia elata polysaccharide”等为关键词查阅相关文献,对天麻多糖的提取纯化工艺、结构特征、 结构修饰及主要药理作用等进行综述。结果与结论:天麻多糖是天麻中主要的一类活性成分,不仅含量高,且毒副作用较低,是目前药物开发和研究的热点之一。天麻多糖的提取方法有多种,常见的主要有热水浸提法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法和酶提法。基于这些方法得到的多为天麻粗多糖,需进一步分离纯化,而常用的分离纯化方法有Sevage法、大孔树脂吸附层析法和凝胶层析法。提取纯化方法的多样性会导致天麻多糖结构产生差异,进而导致其药理活性的多样性。天麻多糖具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、抗衰老、改善脑缺血、改善记忆力、降血压、降血脂和抑菌等多种药理活性。结构修饰天麻多糖具有抗氧化和抗肿瘤等药理作用。因此,天麻多糖可广泛应用于医药、食品及保健品等领域, 具有重要的研究和开发价值,但其高级结构与药理作用之间的内在联系及作用机制有待进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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Ionkova I 《Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry》2011,11(10):843-856
Malignant diseases are the second mortality cause within the human population. Despite the serious progress in establishing and introduction of novel specifically targeted drugs the therapy of these diseases remains severe medical and social problem. Some of the most effective cancer treatments to date are natural products or compounds derived from plant products. Isolation of anticancer pharmaceuticals from plants is difficult due to their extremely low concentrations. The industry currently lacks sufficient methods for producing all of the desired plant-derived pharmaceutical molecules. Some substances can only be isolated from extremely rare plants. Plant cell cultures are an attractive alternative source to whole plant for the production of high-value secondary metabolites. The biotechnological method offers a quick and efficient method for producing these high-value medical compounds in cultivated cells. Due to the pharmaceutical importance and the low content in the plants the present review focuses on discovery and alternative production systems for anticancer lignans--aryltetralin and arylnaphthalene lignans. The aim is to focus on recent progress of in vitro production of anticancer lignans, together with structure elucidation, the methods of increasing the levels of desired substances in plant cell and tissue cultures in general. Experience of different authors, working worldwide on plant biotechnology, has been discussed to show positive results in experiments. 相似文献