316例肾组织活检病理资料分析

目的:分析我市成人肾活检患者各种肾脏病理构成比例及其临床表现关系。方法:对316例肾病患者肾组织病理活检以及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾脏疾病,其中IgA肾病最多见;继发性肾脏疾病以狼疮性肾炎、过敏性紫癜性肾炎、乙肝相关性肾炎和肥胖相关性肾炎最常见。原发性肾病综合征以非IgA系膜增生型肾病最常见,其次为IgA肾病。结论:原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾脏疾病,其中以IgA肾病最常见;继发性肾脏疾病以狼疮性肾炎和过敏性紫癜性肾炎最常见;原发性肾病综合征中非IgA系膜增生型肾病最常见。     

卡维地洛治疗房颤伴慢性心衰的疗效观察

房颤是临床上最常见的一种心律失常,也是慢性心力衰竭常见的并发症.     

老年人常见药物不良反应及合理用药分析

目的分析老年人常见药物不良反应及合理用药情况。方法选取2012年1月-2013年12月间60例60岁以上老年人常见药物不良反应报告资料,并根据常见药物不良反应的特点和药物的种类进行统计学分析。结果老年人常见药物不良反应中,以消化系统症状比较常见,有28例;皮肤损害20例;呼吸系统以呼吸困难的症状比较常见,有5例;心血管系统常出现血压升高或者降低的现象,有4例;泌尿系统常出现多尿、排尿困难等症状,有3例。而根据药物种类分析,抗生素出现不良反应10例,而心血管系统药物8例,内分泌系统药物5例,消化系统药物28例,神经系统药物9例。结论引起老年人常见药物的不良反应有多种因素,只有通过合理用药才能有效减少老年人药物不良反应的发生。     

100例子宫肌瘤临床分析

子宫肌瘤是女性生殖器最常见的良性肿瘤,也是人体最常见的肿瘤。主要有平滑肌细胞增生而成,其间有少量纤维结缔组织,多见于30～50岁妇女,以40～50岁最常见,20岁以下少见,子宫肌瘤的病因尚不十分明确,治疗方法仍以手术为主,     

儿童流行性腮腺炎96例临床分析

目的了解儿童流行性腮腺炎的流行病学、临床表现及并发症特点。方法对96例儿童流行性腮腺炎进行回顾性分析。结果 96例患儿好发年龄6～12岁,并发症脑膜脑炎以学龄儿童最常见。结论流行性腮腺炎是儿童和青少年常见的急性传染病,以学龄儿童更为常见。腮腺炎病毒可引起脑膜脑炎、胰腺炎、睾丸炎等并发症,对不同年龄段引起的常见并发症不同。     

加巴喷丁致高泌乳素血症1例

高泌乳素血症是一种常见的垂体性疾病,病因多样化,最常见的病因是垂体肿瘤,药物是最常见的非肿瘤性病因。本文报告1例服用加巴喷丁致高泌乳素血症的患者,并对其发生机制进行初步探讨,为临床安全用药提供相关的信息服务。     

小梁切除术中应用可调整缝线的效果观察

小梁切除术是目前治疗青光眼最常见的手术方法之一,低眼压,浅前房是常见的并发症.     

高血压脑出血并发水钠代谢紊乱的治疗

高血压脑出血不仅是中老年发病,而且是发病年轻化的常见灾难性疾症,合并症、继发症十分常见.高血压脑出血并发水钠代谢紊乱是常见的并发症,处理不当会导致严重后果,总结我科所收治的30例高血压脑出血并发水钠代谢紊乱的病例,分析报告如下.     

CT磁共振成像对蛛网膜下腔出血的诊断价值

蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)是神经科常见的危重病及颅脑外伤常见的并发症,成人原发性SAH常见原因有颅内动脉瘤、动静脉畸形和高血压动脉硬化血管破裂,致残率及致死率极高。CT被认为是诊断急性期SAH的首选方法,与此同时,有学者认为磁共振     

综合干预对帕金森病患者睡眠障碍的影响

帕金森病(PD)是一种常见的中老年人神经系统变性疾病,目前认为睡眠障碍是PD的常见症状之一.     

Testing panel cointegration with unobservable dynamic common factors that are correlated with the regressors

Summary The paper proposes statistics to test the null hypothesis of no cointegration in panel data when common factors drive the cross‐sectional dependence. We focus on the case in which regressors and the common factors are correlated, although the uncorrelated case is also discussed. Both endogenous and strictly exogenous regressors are considered. The test statistics are shown to have limiting distributions independent of the common factors, making it possible to pool the individual statistics. Simulations indicate that the proposed procedures have good finite sample performance.     

胆总管切开探查术后胆管一期缝合与T管引流治疗结果对比分析

目的探讨胆总管切开探查术后胆管一期缝合的安全性及临床应用价值。方法50例胆总管结石患者按照胆管探查术后处理方法分成胆管一期缝合组（22例）和T管引流组（28例）,比较两组治疗结果。结果与T管引流组相比,一期缝合组在术后住院时间、术后近期并发症方面具有显著差异（P〈0．05）,在术中失血量、手术时间、手术死亡率方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论胆总管探查术后胆管一期缝合不延长手术时间,不增加手术死亡率,可缩短术后住院时间,避免因放置T管引起的各种并发症,是安全可行的。     

Mechanisms Underlying the Comorbidity of Schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The mortality rate of patients with schizophrenia is high, and life expectancy is shorter by 10 to 20 years. Metabolic abnormalities including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are among the main reasons. The prevalence of T2DM in patients with schizophrenia may be epidemiologically frequent because antipsychotics induce weight gain as a side effect and the cognitive dysfunction of patients with schizophrenia relates to a disordered lifestyle, poor diet, and low socioeconomic status. Apart from these common risk factors and risk factors unique to schizophrenia, accumulating evidence suggests the existence of common susceptibility genes between schizophrenia and T2DM. Functional proteins translated from common genetic susceptibility genes are known to regulate neuronal development in the brain and insulin in the pancreas through several common cascades. In this review, we discuss common susceptibility genes, functional cascades, and the relationship between schizophrenia and T2DM. Many genetic and epidemiological studies have reliably associated the comorbidity of schizophrenia and T2DM, and it is probably safe to think that common cascades and mechanisms suspected from common genes’ functions are related to the onset of both schizophrenia and T2DM. On the other hand, even when genetic analyses are performed on a relatively large number of comorbid patients, the results are sometimes inconsistent, and susceptibility genes may carry only a low or moderate risk. We anticipate future directions in this field.     

海拔4,500m高原心律失常心电图300例分析

300例心电图中共检出心律失常24种，其发生顺位依次为窦性、房性、室性心律失常、心脏传导阻滞、房室交界性心律失常和预激综合征。病因以心血管疾病为主，共182例次，占60．67％。各种高原病住居第二，共63例，占21％，由其他疾病所致者55例．占18．33％。结合有关资料就高原低氧环境与心律失常的关系，高原地区心律失常的常见类型及临床意义，心律失常的常见病因以及高原常见心律失常的治疗原则等问题进行讨论。     

抗感冒中成药的合理选用

目的：通过对感冒的辨证论治．促使临床合理正确使用中成药治疗感冒。方法：使用文献综述的方法,运用中医基础理论将感冒进行辨证分型．对每种类型的代表药从药物组成、功能主治、规格和用法用量进行描述．并比较分析同类药物的功效,总结临床应用要点。结果：抗感冒中成药分为五种类型．分别为风寒感冒、风热感冒．暑湿感冒、少阳感冒、体虚感冒,每种感冒有不同的代表药．并一一列举。结论：临床应按照感冒的病情和证型合理选用抗感冒中成药。     

The management of preauricular sinus

Preauricular sinus is a common congenital condition which does not always cause symptoms. It is often misdiagnosed, can be difficult to treat surgically, and recurrences are common. The results of treatment in twelve Christchurch patients are discussed and a surgical technique is described.     

The novelUGT1 gene complex links bilirubin,xenobiotics, and therapeutic drug metabolism by encoding UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isozymes with a common carboxyl terminus

The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase system (transferase) plays an important role in the pharmacokinetics of clearance of endogenous metabolites, therapeutic drugs, and xenobiotics. The human bilirubin and phenol transferases are encoded by the same gene complex which we designateUGT1. The gene arrangement indicates there are 6 exon 1s each with a promoter and each of which can predictably undergo differential splicing to the 4 common exons (2 through 5) to generate possibly 6 different mRNAs. The entire unique amino acid terminus of each isoform is encoded by an exon 1, and the common carboxyl terminus is encoded by the 4 common exons. Evidence supports the existence of other exon is upstream of the currently described locus. The 13-bp deletion in exon 2 represents the most common defect, to date, in the Crigler-Najjar, Type I individuals. Different point mutations in the 4 common exons and in exon 1 ofUGT1A, however, also account for defective bilirubin transferase activity. The gene arrangement, in conjunction with the toxicity data from the Gunn rat, leads to the prediction that detoxification of bilirubin, xenobiotics, and therapeutic drugs is linked to theUGT1 locus. The Crigler-Najjar syndromes are uncommon, but the Gilbert individuals are commonly represented in 6% of the population. It is expected that, similar to the deleterious mutations in the common region of theUGT1 locus in Crigler-Najjar, Type I individuals, there is a range of moderate to intermediate deleterious mutations in this region of the gene of at least some Gilbert's individuals. Linkages, therefore, at this locus could signal that these individuals are at risk for certain drug toxicities and/or idiosyncratic drug reactions.     

Relating multivariate time-series by linear three-way decomposition (LTD) and partial least squares (PLS) analysis.

The problem of relating multivariate time-series which is common in drug development is considered. The mathematical and statistical problems involve relating two three-way tables. These tables have objects and time-points in common while the variables to be related are unique for each table. A modification is presented of the linear three-way decomposition (LTD) algorithm which directly incorporates the information that both objects and time-points are common to the two tables. A comparison is made with partial least squares (PLS) analysis both at the theoretical level and in their application to three sets of real data. Limitations of LTD are discussed, in particular the constraint imposed by the trilinearity requirement, and areas for future development are proposed.     

Weak and strong cross‐section dependence and estimation of large panels

Summary This paper introduces the concepts of time‐specific weak and strong cross‐section dependence, and investigates how these notions are related to the concepts of weak, strong and semi‐strong common factors, frequently used for modelling residual cross‐section correlations in panel data models. It then focuses on the problems of estimating slope coefficients in large panels, where cross‐section units are subject to possibly a large number of unobserved common factors. It is established that the common correlated effects (CCE) estimator introduced by Pesaran remains asymptotically normal under certain conditions on factor loadings of an infinite factor error structure, including cases where methods relying on principal components fail. The paper concludes with a set of Monte Carlo experiments where the small sample properties of estimators based on principal components and CCE estimators are investigated and compared under various assumptions on the nature of the unobserved common effects.     

腹腔镜联合胆道镜与开腹手术治疗胆总管结石的对比分析

目的探讨腔镜联合胆道镜治疗胆总管结石的临床价值及优越性。方法将156例胆总管结石患者分为观察组和对照组,各78例,观察组采用腹腔镜联合胆道镜胆总管取石术,对照组采用开腹胆总管取石术,观察两组患者手术及并发症情况。结果观察组术中出血量、术后排气时间、住院时间均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者术后并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜联合胆道镜治疗胆总管结石具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点,值得临床借鉴采用。