贵州省农村地区妇幼保健工作的现状与思考

目的：了解贵州省农村地区的妇幼保健工作现状，分析影响妇幼保健工作开展的因素。方法：所有资料采用Epidata、Excel或SPSS建立数据库，统一录入。输入数据采用双机录入，对两个相同数据文件进行有效性检查，确保资料的准确录入。用SPSS11．5进行资料的初步分析。结果：贵州省农村地区妇幼保健工作问题突出，存在着直接影响妇幼保健事业发展的难点。结论：妇幼卫生改革势在必行，地方政府要改革管理体制，增加财政投入；妇幼保健相关部门要提高其服务能力；人群妇幼保健意识也有待提高。从而使农村妇幼卫生保健在市场经济条件下取得新的发展。     

广西农村地区妇幼保健工作的现状与思考

目的:了解广西农村地区的妇幼保健工作现状,分析影响妇幼保健工作开展的因素.方法:所有资料采用Epi data、Excel或SPSS建立数据库,统一录入.输入数据采用双机录入,对两个相同数据文件进行有效性检查,确保资料的准确录入.用SPSS 11.5进行资料的初步分析.结果:广西农村地区妇幼保健工作问题突出,存在着直接影响妇幼保健事业发展的难点.结论:妇幼卫生改革势在必行,地方政府要改革管理体制,增加财政投入;妇幼保健相关部门要提高其服务能力;人群妇幼保健意识也有待提高,从而使农村妇幼卫生保健在市场经济条件下取得新的发展.     

妇幼卫生工作现状与思考

妇幼卫生工作在地区之间、城乡之间发展不平衡，在城市及经济发达地区，妇幼保健工作发展较快，而农村及贫困地区的妇幼保健工作明显滞后，存在较大的差距。因此，妇幼卫生工作的重点在农村、在基层。本文就我区农村妇幼卫生工作现状进行分析。     

妇幼卫生工作现状与思考

妇幼卫生工作在地区之间、城乡之间发展不平衡,在城市及经济发达地区,妇幼保健工作发展较快,而农村及贫困地区的妇幼保健工作明显滞后,存在较大的差距.因此,妇幼卫生工作的重点在农村、在基层.本文就我区农村妇幼卫生工作现状进行分析.     

贵州省妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置公平性及预测

目的 对2016—2020年贵州省妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置公平性进行分析，并预测“十四五”期间资源发展趋势，为优化贵州省妇幼卫生资源配置提供参考。方法 本研究采用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数及泰尔指数从人口、地理两个维度分析2016—2020年贵州省妇幼卫生资源配置公平性，并采用灰色GM (1,1)模型预测2021—2025年贵州省妇幼卫生资源发展趋势。结果 贵州省妇幼卫生资源总量均呈现增长趋势，年均增长率均超过10%，除每万人口执业（助理）医师数（1.191 8人）外，其他妇幼卫生资源每万人口和每平方公里占有量均超过全国平均水平；妇幼卫生资源按人口配置公平性高于地理配置公平性；各类妇幼卫生资源的区域内泰尔指数均大于区域间，区域内差异贡献率基本超过91%；预测值显示，2025年每万人口将拥有妇幼保健机构0.023家、床位4.054张、卫生技术人员6.077人、执业（助理）医师1.806人、注册护士2.991人。结论 贵州省妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置水平逐步提升，妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置公平性较高，但按地理配置的公平性仍有待提高，区域内差异是影响妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置公平性的主要原因，“十四五”...     

医疗制度改革与妇幼卫生事业发展

１９９６年７月大连市部分医疗保健机构实施了《大连市医疗保险制度改革实施方案》，笔者认为，要抓住医疗保险制度改革与妇幼卫生事业发展两条主线，积极开拓妇幼卫生工作的新局面，并就医疗保险制度改革与妇幼卫生事业的发展进行了探讨。笔者还认为，妇幼保健机构限项服务不利于妇幼保健系统管理；基层妇幼保健网的功能不宜限定，并提出了建议和对策。     

关于妇幼保健机构财政补助方式的探讨

妇幼保健机构是我国妇幼卫生事业的一支主力军，是不可替代的一种组织形式。随着社会经济形势和卫生事业改革的推进，对妇幼卫生服务提出了更高的要求。由此也表现出在某些地区妇幼卫生事业和妇幼保健机构的发展与社会需求间存在差异。主要表现为：①重经济利益，使预防为主的妇幼保健机构转向治疗为主的医疗机构；②从事群体保健的人员大幅度减少，致使以深入基层、面向群体、全面管理为特点的妇幼保健公共卫生工作有所放松；     

妇幼卫生工作现状与思考

<正>妇幼卫生工作在地区之间、城乡之间发展不平衡,在城市 及经济发达地区,妇幼保健工作发展较快,而农村及贫困地区 的妇幼保健工作明显滞后,存在较大的差距。因此,妇幼卫生 工作的重点在农村、在基层。本文就我区农村妇幼卫生工作现 状进行分析。 1 全区妇幼卫生工作基本情况 全区妇幼保健机构9所(其中地级1所),乡镇卫生院243 所,在职卫技人员607人,其中地级40人,县级206人,乡镇 级361人;高级职称7人(其中地级5人、县级2人)、中级职     

云南省妇幼保健机构群体保健工作现状与对策

对云南省80所妇幼保健机构的资源与运营情况进行调查，分析机构间和地区间部分机构保健工作发展不平衡的原因，提出要通过优化保健人员机构，提高人员素质，规范完善各项全体的保健工作，开展特色服务和创建社区妇幼保健管理系统等措施来拓展妇幼卫生工作。     

全国第三届妇幼卫生发展论坛 规范、协作、发展

为深入贯彻执行卫生部于2007年初制定并颁发的《关于进一步加哟妇幼卫生工作的指导意见》和《妇幼保健机构管理办法》两个重要文件，推动我国妇幼卫生改革发展，加强妇幼保健机构的规范化建设与管理，总结交流文件执行情况，中国医院协会妇幼保健院管理分会和中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心于2007年9月68日在天津市联合召开了“第三届妇幼卫生发展论坛”。本次会议的主题是“规范、协作、发展”。会议主要内容为，妇幼卫生服务体系建设的研究与实践；妇幼保健机构规范化建设的研究与实践；妇幼保健服务的质量管理与评价；妇幼卫生服务财…     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.