不同排牙方法对全口义齿咀嚼效能的影响

目的:探讨不同排牙法的全口义齿咀嚼效能的异同。方法:采用上颌排牙法、下颌排牙法和综合排牙法为10名无牙颌患者分别制作3副全口义齿。戴用3个月后,通过吸光度法测定咀嚼效率,比较不同排牙法的全口义齿咀嚼效能的异同,并与有牙颌进行对比。结果:在单侧咀嚼和双侧咀嚼2种咀嚼方式下,全口义齿患者的咀嚼次数和咀嚼效能均少于有牙颌组,本实验3组全口义齿在3个月后均发挥了良好的咀嚼效能。下颌排牙法和综合排牙法全口义齿的咀嚼次数和咀嚼效能无统计学差异,但均好于上颌排牙法全口义齿。结论:下颌排牙法和综合排牙法的全口义齿排列的人工牙能够减少在咀嚼过程中不利于全口义齿稳定因素的影响,提高咀嚼效能。     

两种排牙方法对全口义齿患者满意度影响的临床评价

目的：对比分析传统排牙法与个性排牙法对无牙颌患者全口义齿修复效果的影响。方法：选择41例无牙颌患者,随机采用传统排牙法和个性排牙法制作全口义齿,戴用3个月以后,测试无牙颌患者对义齿的满意度。结果：2种不同义齿的稳固功能和咀嚼功能无显著差异;在美观、语音和舒适度方面,个性排牙组明显优于传统排牙组。结论：个性排牙法具有良好的临床效果。     

不同排牙法形成全口义齿的(牙合)曲线分析

人口老龄化是目前世界范围内发展的总趋势，因此，全口义齿的修复仍将是本世纪口腔修复科学的重要课题。人工牙是恢复无牙颌患者咀嚼功能和美观的部分，人工牙在口腔中的位置、黯平面的水平、黯曲线的曲度将直接影响义齿的功能及口颌系统的健康。常用的人工牙的排列方法可分为传统排牙法、下颌排牙法，还有一种排牙方法为有经验的医师根据不同的口腔条件来进行具体的义齿设计，可称之为综合排牙法。何种排牙方法更有利于义齿发挥功能，维护牙列缺失患者口颌系统的健康，是全口义齿修复工作中亟待回答和解决的问题。目前，国内外尚未见有系统性比较这三种方法报道；本课题组已经对三种排牙方法形成的全口义齿的[牙合]平面的水平以及人工牙在口腔中的位置进行了比较，本文将对三种全口义齿纵[牙合]曲线的曲度进行深入探讨，为进一步研究这几种排牙方法提供理论依据。     

用吸光度法对全口义齿咀嚼效能的测定和分析

９０例无牙颌患者（４５例男性，４５例女性），用吸光度法测定其戴用全口义齿后１周，１，３及６月的咀嚼效能，并同时了解影响其咀嚼功能的部分因素。结果发现：无牙Ｈｅ患者戴用全口义齿后，其咀嚼效能随着戴牙时间的增长而逐步提高，戴义齿３～６个月趋于稳定，但均低于正常对照组；影响咀嚼功能的因素较多，如咀嚼次数、Ｈｅ关系、制作者、人工牙种类、咀嚼习惯等。     

舌向集中与半解剖式全口义齿的满意度及咀嚼效能比较

目的比较牙槽嵴重度吸收无牙颌患者对舌向集中牙合和半解剖式牙合2种牙合型全口义齿的满意度和咀嚼效能差异。方法选择18例牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,为每位患者分别制作舌向集中牙合和半解剖式牙合全口义齿各1副,随机选择其中1副义齿使用3个月后更换另1副义齿。记录每副义齿的疼痛修改次数,并于使用1、3个月后分别进行满意度问卷调查,测定咀嚼效能。结果患者对舌向集中牙合全口义齿的固位稳定和咀嚼功能评价显著优于半解剖式牙合(P<0.01)。2种牙合型义齿的咀嚼效能无显著差异(P>0.05)。舌向集中牙合全口义齿因疼痛调改的次数明显少于半解剖式。结论对于牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,应用舌向集中牙合型可以提高全口义齿的固位稳定和舒适程度。     

义齿黏附剂与线性殆在牙槽嵴重度吸收无牙颌患者中的应用

目的：评价义齿黏附剂和线性胎在牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者全口义齿修复中的应用效果。方法：选择15例牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,为每位患者制作解剖式骀和线性胎2副全口义齿,3个月后更换使用。每副义齿于戴用3个月时检测其使用义齿黏附剂前后的咀嚼效率,并采用满意度问卷调查获取患者的主观评价。结果：使用义齿黏附剂后,线性胎和解剖式胎全口义齿的咀嚼效率均较使用前得到改善（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。义齿黏附剂使用前后,两种骀型全口义齿的咀嚼效率间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。义齿黏附剂使用前,线性骀全口义齿的固位稳定和舒适程度满意度高于解剖式骀全口义齿（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;使用义齿黏附剂后,两种胎型全口义齿的固位稳定、咀嚼功能和舒适程度满意度均有显著性提高（P〈0.01）。结论：对牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,应用线性骀全口义齿和义齿黏附剂均可改善义齿的治疗效果。     

功能性肌压等压区排牙法修复全口义齿的疗效评价

目的　探讨肌压等压区排牙法修复全口义齿的疗效。方法　对 35例下颌牙槽嵴中重度萎缩的无牙颌患者采用功能性肌压等压区排牙法修复 ,3个月后进行随访 ,调查患者对修复疗效的满意度。结果　 35例患者经修复后的调查结果表明 ,综合满意度为 81 % ,咀嚼功能为 79 5 % ,对固位、稳定的满意度 ,上颌为 89% ,下颌为78%。结论　采用该方法制作的全口义齿 ,在口腔内具有良好的稳定性 ,能增强义齿的固位 ,提高患者的咀嚼功能 ,特别是对于下颌牙槽嵴吸收严重 ,在临床上被认为修复难度大的无牙颌患者的修复 ,具有很高的实用价值。     

种植体支持球帽附着体固位下颌覆盖全口义齿的临床应用

目的:评价种植体支持球帽附着体固位的下颌覆盖全口义齿临床应用效果.方法:随机选择15例下颌无牙颌患者,每例植入2枚种植体,共植入30枚,随访观察1-12个月,从患者满意度、临床检查及种植体X线片观察修复效果.结果:种植体支持覆盖全口义齿修复下颌无牙颌,义齿固位和咀嚼功能满意率分别为100％和93.3％,义齿稳固,咀嚼功...     

即刻全口义齿修复者咀嚼效能、最大咬合力的研究

目的 评价即刻全口义齿修复效果。方法 采用吸光度法及MCF—8701型牙争力测定仪对健康中老年完整自然牙列者、常规全口义齿修复者、即刻全口义齿以及再次全口义齿修复者各30名进行咀嚼效能和第一磨牙区最大咬合力的测定。结果 患者戴用即刻全口义齿3个月时，可发挥最大的咀嚼功能。再次全口义齿修复3个月时的咀嚼效能、第一磨牙区最大咬合力均明显高于即刻全口义齿戴用3个月时的咀嚼效能和第一磨牙区最大咬合力。结论 即刻全口义齿只能作为一种过渡性、治疗性义齿，患者戴用3个月后必须行再次全口义齿修复。     

“三定”排牙法在全口义齿制作中的应用

人工牙列在颌弓上位置准确是满足全口义齿修复原则的基础.在无牙颌患者的上下颌模型上采用定点、定线来确定人工牙排列位置的方法,可重复性高、操作性强,能指导技师在全口义齿制作中相对恒定人工牙排列在颌弓上的位置,优于传统排牙法.     

Survey of the dental health and denture status of institutionalized elderly patients in Ireland

An investigation was conducted to establish the dental status of 368 elderly patients in two geriatric hospitals in Limerick, Ireland, in terms of denture status and the number of teeth present. Seventy eight percent of those examined were edentulous, but only 27% of edentulous patients were wearing maxillary and mandibular dentures. A further 18% wore a maxillary denture only, 21% had dentures made but no longer wore them, and 33% had never had dentures. Forty-four patients had some maxillary and mandibular teeth present and 20 of these had sufficient teeth for masticatory purposes. Very few patients, edentulous or dentate, complained of any problems, although 27 were felt to require extraction of one or more teeth.     

The effect of personality type on denture satisfaction

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between personality type and denture satisfaction of totally and partially edentulous patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred thirty-nine patients (107 women and 132 men) aged 31 to 78 years (mean, 51.87) using removable dentures (165 maxillary and mandibular partial, 51 maxillary and mandibular complete, and 23 maxillary complete and mandibular partial) were asked to fill out a questionnaire on their satisfaction with their dentures with regard to esthetics, speaking ability, and masticatory function. Personality types were evaluated using both the responses to this questionnaire and the Type A Behavior Pattern Test. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to compare the denture satisfaction scores of the groups (Type A, Type B, and Type AB). The level of statistical significance was set at P = .05. RESULTS: Denture satisfaction of the patients with regard to esthetics, speaking ability, and masticatory function was affected by personality type. Statistically significant differences were found between Type A and types B and AB, as well as between types B and AB. CONCLUSION: The personality type of the patients had an effect on their satisfaction with dentures. The lowest denture satisfaction values were observed in the Type A patients.     

A comparative Study of the Masticatory Efficiency in Complete Dentures Using Acrylic and Metal Occlusal Posterior Teeth—Photocolorimetric Analysis

Masticatory efficiency is always compromised in complete denture patients. The denture teeth with compromised occlusal anatomy and material further compound the inherent limitations of complete dentures. To compare the masticatory efficiency of patients with complete denture using acrylic and metal occlusal posterior teeth. Ten edentulous patients with well-formed ridges were selected. Complete dentures using acrylic and metal occlusal posterior teeth were fabricated. The masticatory efficiency was calculated using photo colorimeter. Complete dentures with 20° acrylic resin posterior teeth were fabricated for ten edentulous patients and masticatory efficiency was measured using raw beetroot as test food on a photocolorimeter after 10, 15, 20 strokes. The acrylic resin posterior teeth were replaced with metal occlusal posterior teeth on the same denture base. The masticatory efficiency was measured by the same method. The mean average percentage of masticatory efficiency with acrylic resin teeth and metal occlusal teeth were first calculated and statistical analysis was done using students unpaired t test. The average masticatory efficiency with acrylic teeth was 46.46% and metal occlusal teeth was 65.62, ‘t’ = 5.38. The difference between the mean average masticatory performance percentage with acrylic teeth and metal occlusal teeth was significant at 1% i.e. P < 0.01. Within the limitation of this study the average percentage value of masticatory efficiency improves considerably when metal occlusal teeth replace normal acrylic teeth without any alteration in position or relation.     

对2种型全口义齿修复效果的临床评价

目的:对比分析无牙患者对传统非解剖型人工牙与改良长正中型人工牙制作的全口义齿满意度和全口义齿咀嚼效能的影响。方法:选择60例牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙患者,随机分为2组,分别采用传统非解剖型和改良长正中型人工牙制作全口义齿,在戴用义齿1个月和3个月后,测试无牙患者对2种全口义齿的满意度,同时通过吸光度法测定咀嚼效率,比较2种型全口义齿咀嚼效能的异同。采用SPSS11.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:2种不同型全口义齿在美观、语音、舒适度方面均无显著差异;而长正中型组的咀嚼功能显著优于非解剖型组。结论:对于牙槽嵴严重吸收的无牙患者,应用改良长正中型有利于患者在咀嚼过程中稳定使用义齿,提高咀嚼效能,且可提高患者的满意度。     

种植体磁性固位下颌覆盖总义齿的应用

目的：探讨种植体磁性固位下颌覆盖总义齿的临床应用。方法：在下颌全口缺牙且伴有牙槽骨重度吸收患的前牙区选择性植入2－4颗BLBC种植体，4－5个月后全口义齿修复，藏牙3周后，在种植体上旋转磁固位的上部结构并安装永磁体在相对应的义齿组织面内。分别测量患使用种植体一磁固位系统前后的固位力、咀嚼效率。结果：下颌总义齿的固位力、咀嚼效率在使用磁性固位体前、后均存在显性差异。结论：种植体支持的磁固位覆盖总义齿，对于改善下颌全口缺牙且伴有牙槽骨重度吸收患的咀嚼功能有一定作用。     

种植义齿修复牙列缺损的咀嚼功能评价

目的　评价种植义齿修复牙列缺损的咀嚼功能。方法　以非种植义齿侧作为对照,采用吸光度法测定22 例患者种植义齿侧的咀嚼效能,同时对患者种植义齿修复后咀嚼功能的满意度进行问卷调查,分析患者种植义齿 侧的咀嚼效能与其咀嚼功能问卷调查得分的相关性。结果　局部固定种植义齿的咀嚼效能与非种植义齿(天然牙 及金属烤瓷固定义齿)无统计学差异(P>0·05),患者对种植义齿的咀嚼功能作出了肯定的回答,但咀嚼效能的测 试与患者的主观评分并不相关。结论　局部固定种植义齿能满足正常咀嚼功能的要求,绝大多数患者对种植义齿 的咀嚼功能表示满意,但患者对咀嚼功能的主观满意度可能受到诸多因素的影响。     

Implant anchored complete mandibular denture: evaluation of masticatory efficiency, oral function and degree of satisfaction

Masticatory efficiency, oral function and degree of satisfaction with the treatment received were analysed in a group of fully edentulous patients with severe atrophy of the mandibular bone, rehabilitated with complete removable dentures, before and after anchoring the dentures to osseointegrated implants. Masticatory efficiency increased significantly and chewing cycles increased in amplitude after anchoring the denture. The component of the chewing cycle that most influenced the increase in functional area was the lateral one. A correlation was found between the increase in the lateral component of the chewing cycle and the increased masticatory efficiency achieved with implant‐anchored dentures. The degree of satisfaction with their rehabilitation reported by the subjects was correlated neither to increased masticatory efficiency nor to improved oral function.     

Effect of implant-supported or retained dentures on masticatory performance: a systematic review

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: While subjective patient-based measures have been increasingly recognized as critical outcomes for prosthodontic treatment, there continues to be a need to validate for patients what changes in masticatory function can be expected with the provision of new implant-supported or retained dentures. PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the critical factors impacting change in masticatory performance following the provision of new implant-supported or retained dentures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Information retrieval followed a systematic approach using PubMed and the Cochrane Library. English articles published from 1966 to June 2007, in which the masticatory performance of subjects with implant-supported or retained dentures was assessed by objective methods and compared to performance with conventional dentures, were included. Ratings of the evidence provided in each article followed United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality recommendations. RESULTS: From 281 articles identified, 18 peer-reviewed articles met prespecified criteria for inclusion. Specific outcomes of significance identified by these articles rated as level II are: (1) fixed implant-supported partial dentures do not provide significant improvement in masticatory performance compared to conventional removable partial dentures for Kennedy Class I and II partially edentulous mandibles; (2) the combination of a mandibular implant-supported or retained overdenture (IOD) and maxillary conventional complete denture (CD) provides significant improvement in masticatory performance compared to CDs in both the mandible and maxilla for a limited population having persistent functional problems with an existing mandibular CD due to severely resorbed mandible; and (3) the type of implant and attachment system for mandibular IODs has a limited impact. Specific outcomes of significance identified by articles rated as having a moderate level of evidence (level III) are: (1) mandibular fixed implant-supported complete dentures provide significant improvement in masticatory performance compared to mandibular CDs in subjects dissatisfied with their CDs; and (2) implant-supported mandibular resection dentures have an advantage over conventional dentures in masticatory performance on the defect side of the mouth. CONCLUSIONS: Objective benefits in masticatory performance of implant-supported or retained dentures compared to conventional dentures are limited to a mandibular IOD in edentulous patients with a resorbed mandible and/or difficulty adapting to CDs.