1990年与2013年中国70岁及以上老年人跌倒疾病负担分析

目的 分析1990年与2013年中国≥ 70岁人群跌倒的疾病负担,为制定老年人跌倒预防控制策略措施提供依据。方法 利用2013年全球疾病负担研究结果,采用因跌倒死亡数/标化死亡率、过早死亡损失寿命年（YLL）/标化YLL率、伤残损失寿命年（YLD）/标化YLD率、伤残调整寿命年（DALY）/标化DALY率等指标,对中国≥ 70岁老年人跌倒疾病负担进行描述,通过比较1990年与2013年相应指标的变化,描述疾病负担变化情况。结果 2013年中国≥ 70岁人群因跌倒造成的死亡人数、YLL、YLD和DALY分别为4.88万人年、43.96万人年、29.58万人年和73.54万人年;标化死亡率、YLL率、YLD率和DALY率分别为561.71/10万、55.87/10万、373.98/10万和929.85/10万。随着年龄增加,因跌倒造成的疾病负担加重。与1990年相比,2013年跌倒造成的死亡数量、YLL、YLD和DALY分别增加308.80%、161.01%、54.67%和104.47%;男性增幅高于女性。与1990年相比,2013年≥ 70岁人群因跌倒标化死亡率、标化YLL率和DALY率分上升为63.67%、38.54%和73.08%;而标化YLD率下降17.90%。结论 跌倒给中国≥ 70岁人群造成沉重的疾病负担,与1990年相比,2013年跌倒对中国≥ 70岁人群造成疾病负担有所增加。     

1990年与2017年中国0~19岁人群跌倒疾病负担分析

目的 分析和比较1990年和2017年中国0~19岁人群跌倒疾病负担,为制定该人群的跌倒预防控制策略措施提供依据。方法 利用全球疾病负担2017研究结果,选取因跌倒死亡数、死亡率、过早死亡损失寿命年（YLL）、YLL率、伤残损失寿命年（YLD）、YLD率、伤残调整寿命年（DALY）和DALY率等指标,对中国0~19岁人群跌倒疾病负担进行描述,通过比较1990年和2017年相应指标的变化,描述疾病负担变化情况。结果 2017年中国0~19岁人群因跌倒造成的死亡人数、YLL、YLD和DALY分别是5 321人、42.86万人年、14.24万人年和57.10万人年;死亡率、YLL率、YLD率和DALY率分别为1.76/10万、141.49/10万、46.99/10万和188.48/10万。男童跌倒疾病负担大于女童,年龄越低跌倒造成的疾病负担越重。与1990年相比,2017年0~19岁人群中各年龄组的男童、女童跌倒导致的疾病负担均有不同程度下降,死亡数、死亡率、YLL率和DALY率分别下降65.08%、46.63%、47.38%和36.33%;低年龄组疾病负担下降幅度较大。2017年YLD率较1990年增加了73.31%。YLL占DALY比例由1990年的90.84%下降为2017年的75.07%,下降幅度17.36%。结论 与1990年相比,中国0~19岁人群疾病负担有一定幅度下降;跌倒仍然给中国0~19岁人群造成一定的疾病负担,以0~4岁人群为重点人群,应继续开展预防跌倒相关研究和工作。     

Magnitude,Temporal Trends,and Inequalities in the DALYs and YLDs of Nutritional Deficiency among Older Adults in the Western Pacific Region: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2019

The population in the Western Pacific region is aging rapidly. Nutritional deficiency is prevalent in older adults; however, information regarding nutritional deficiency in this population is scarce. Using the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) results, the age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLDs) from nutritional deficiency were estimated between 1990 and 2019 for this population. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to assess temporal trends, and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine socioeconomic and sex inequalities. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALYs of nutritional deficiency in this population decreased from 697.95 to 290.95 per 100,000, and their age-standardized YLDs decreased from 459.03 to 195.65 per 100,000, with the greatest declines seen in South Korea (AAPCs < −5.0). Tonga had the least decline in DALYs (AAPC = −0.8), whereas Fiji experienced an increase in YLDs (AAPC = 0.1). Being female and having a lower sociodemographic index score was significantly associated with higher age-standardized DALYs and YLDs. The magnitude and temporal trends of the nutritional deficiency burden among older adults varied across countries and sex in the region, indicating that health policies on nutritional deficiency among older adults must be crafted to local conditions.     

Variety and Duration of Different Sedentary Behaviors,Inflammation, Genetic Susceptibility,and New-Onset Dementia in the Older Population

ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the relationship of the variety and duration of different sedentary behaviors (TV-watching, driving, and nonoccupational computer use) with the risk of dementia in older participants, and examine whether inflammation and genetic susceptibility may modify the relationship.DesignA prospective cohort study.Setting and Participants173,829 older participants (≥60 years) without prior dementia in the UK Biobank were enrolled.MethodsA healthy sedentary behavior score was calculated as the number of the 3 major sedentary behaviors with a duration associated with the lowest risk of dementia. The primary outcome was new-onset all-cause dementia.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 12.4 years, 4965 (2.9%) participants developed new-onset dementia. There were U-shaped associations for TV-watching and driving time, and a reversed J-shaped association for nonoccupational computer use time with new-onset all-cause dementia, with the lowest dementia risk at >0-<2 hours/day for all the 3 sedentary behaviors. Moreover, a higher healthy sedentary behavior score was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia (per 1 score increment: hazard ratio 0.78, 95% CI 0.75-0.81), with a stronger inverse association in those with higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and monocytes (both P-interactions <.05). Genetic risks of dementia did not significantly modify the association. Similar trends were found for new-onset Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.Conclusions and ImplicationsThe associations between the duration of different sedentary behaviors and new-onset dementia were different in the older population. Moreover, the variety of sedentary behavior was inversely associated with new-onset dementia, especially among those with higher levels of inflammation.     

南通市经济技术开发区居民2013年恶性肿瘤疾病负担分析

目的 分析2013年南通市经济技术开发区(开发区)恶性肿瘤的死亡流行特征及疾病负担,为恶性肿瘤防治提供科学依据。 方法 通过计算恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)、早死所致寿命年(years of life lost,YLLs)和残疾所致寿命年(years lived with disability,YLDs)指标,分析主要恶性肿瘤的疾病负担和人群分布特征。 结果 2013年南通市开发区恶性肿瘤死亡率为209.88/10万,标化死亡率为103.20/10万。恶性肿瘤所致DALYs率为20.66/千人,男性和女性分别为26.97/千人和14.50/千人。恶性肿瘤DALYs损失以YLLs为主,占86.27%。DALYs前5位与死亡率顺位一致,依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌,其中男性DALYs率最高的为肝癌6.66/千人,女性DALYs率最高的是肺癌3.13/千人。 结论 肺癌和肝癌仍是危害南通市开发区居民健康的主要癌种,45岁以上人群是预防和干预的重点人群,应针对性开展筛查和防治工作,以减少疾病负担。     

Validation of the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination and the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test in investigations of dementia

Abstract

The aim of this retrospective study was to validate two commonly used instruments, Cognistat and the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test, RBMT, for detection of MCI and mild dementia. Two different diagnosis groups, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease combined with mixed dementia representing mild dementia (MD), were compared with a group of patients who did not receive a diagnosis of dementia. All patients were assessed at a specialized outpatient memory clinic in a university hospital in Sweden using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognistat, and RBMT. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and likelihood ratio were calculated for the tests. The Cognistat and RBMT have moderate validity in the detection of MCI and mild dementia. On their own, none of the tests used is sufficient for diagnosing MCI or mild dementia. A combination of the Cognistat and RBMT provides additional information in early stage dementia; in this regard the RBMT is better than the Cognistat, which also has other limitations. The RBMT can be helpful for distinguishing between MCI and mild dementia. There is a need for a more sensitive screening test to capture early cognitive impairment related to patients' occupational performance and problems in daily life.     

1990-2016年中国动物伤害疾病负担分析

目的 分析1990-2016年中国动物伤害疾病负担及变化情况。方法 利用全球疾病负担研究2016中国动物伤害疾病负担数据，采用发生率和伤残调整寿命年（DALYs）率分析1990-2016年中国不同性别、年龄人群动物伤害、无毒动物伤害和有毒动物伤害疾病负担变化情况，并计算相对变化程度和年度变化百分比。结果 2016年中国动物伤害年龄标化发生率和DALYs率分别为245.05/10万人和12.73/10万。无毒动物伤害年龄标化发生率明显高于有毒动物，但有毒动物伤害年龄标化DALYs率与无毒动物无明显差异。1990-2016年，中国动物伤害年龄标化发生率和DALYs率均呈下降趋势，无毒动物伤害下降趋势比有毒动物明显。不同性别和年龄人群的动物伤害发生率和DALYs率均有不同程度下降，其中5~14岁组发生率下降趋势最明显，<5岁组DALYs率下降最明显。结论 1990-2016年中国动物伤害疾病负担有明显改善。低龄儿童最容易发生动物伤害，造成的伤残、死亡情况也较为严重，是动物伤害防控工作应重点关注的人群。     

National disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 257 diseases and injuries in Ethiopia, 1990–2015: findings from the global burden of disease study 2015

Background

Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) provide a summary measure of health and can be a critical input to guide health systems, investments, and priority-setting in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the leading causes of premature mortality and disability using DALYs and describe the relative burden of disease and injuries in Ethiopia.

Methods

We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) for non-fatal disease burden, cause-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality to derive age-standardized DALYs by sex for Ethiopia for each year. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) for each age group and sex. Causes of death by age, sex, and year were measured mainly using Causes of Death Ensemble modeling. To estimate YLDs, a Bayesian meta-regression method was used. We reported DALY rates per 100,000 for communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disorders, non-communicable diseases, and injuries, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) for Ethiopia.

Results

Non-communicable diseases caused 23,118.1 (95% UI, 17,124.4–30,579.6), CMNN disorders resulted in 20,200.7 (95% UI, 16,532.2–24,917.9), and injuries caused 3781 (95% UI, 2642.9–5500.6) age-standardized DALYs per 100,000 in Ethiopia in 2015. Lower respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, and tuberculosis were the top three leading causes of DALYs in 2015, accounting for 2998 (95% UI, 2173.7–4029), 2592.5 (95% UI, 1850.7–3495.1), and 2562.9 (95% UI, 1466.1–4220.7) DALYs per 100,000, respectively. Ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease were the fourth and fifth leading causes of age-standardized DALYs, with rates of 2535.7 (95% UI, 1603.7–3843.2) and 2159.9 (95% UI, 1369.7–3216.3) per 100,000, respectively. The following causes showed a reduction of 60% or more over the last 25 years: lower respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, tuberculosis, neonatal encephalopathy, preterm birth complications, meningitis, malaria, protein-energy malnutrition, iron-deficiency anemia, measles, war and legal intervention, and maternal hemorrhage.

Conclusions

Ethiopia has been successful in reducing age-standardized DALYs related to most communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional deficiency diseases in the last 25 years, causing a major ranking shift to types of non-communicable disease. Lower respiratory infections, diarrheal disease, and tuberculosis continue to be leading causes of premature death, despite major declines in burden. Non-communicable diseases also showed reductions as premature mortality declined; however, disability outcomes for these causes did not show declines. Recently developed non-communicable disease strategies may need to be amended to focus on cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and major depressive disorders. Increasing trends of disabilities due to neonatal encephalopathy, preterm birth complications, and neonatal disorders should be emphasized in the national newborn survival strategy. Generating quality data should be a priority through the development of new initiatives such as vital events registration, surveillance programs, and surveys to address gaps in data. Measuring disease burden at subnational regional state levels and identifying variations with urban and rural population health should be conducted to support health policy in Ethiopia.

     

Mortality with Alzheimer's disease and dementia in France, 2006

BackgroundAlzheimer's and related diseases have become a major public health issue in all developed countries, particularly with the aging of the population. Given the potential burden of these pathologies, the French government launched a third National Alzheimer's Strategic Plan 2008–2012 in 2008. The aim of the study was to provide French data on the mortality statistics of Alzheimer's and related diseases by age, gender, and geographical area.MethodsAnalyses were based on the number of deaths from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia, extracted from the 2000–2006 French National Mortality Registry (Inserm-Centre d’épidémiologie sur les causes médicales de décès [CépiDc]). Underlying and multiple causes of death were taken into account. Gender, age, area of residence, and place of death were noted for all subjects deceased with AD or dementia. Mortality rates were standardized on the truncated 60+ French 2006 population. Mortality rates were also estimated by 5-year age groups. Causes of death in demented and nondemented people were compared by estimating an age-adjusted relative-risk ratio.ResultsIn France, in 2006, AD or dementia was reported as the underlying cause or a multiple cause of death on 45,597 death certificates. Among these death certificates, 70% were women and the mean age at death was 85.9 years. Age-standardized mortality rates were 341/100,000 person-years for men and 333/100,000 person-years for women. Age-specific mortality rates increased with age and were higher in women than in men over 90 years of age. The analysis of the changes in mortality rates showed an overall increase of 11.3% between 2000 and 2006. The most frequent underlying cause when AD or dementia was mentioned as an associated cause were cardiovascular diseases (40.5%), neoplasms (11.9%), and endocrine diseases (8.5%).ConclusionThe analysis of mortality data on AD and dementia provides insight into the burden of these diseases in France. If carried out regularly, these analyses can provide trend analyses of mortality rates.     

Burden of Cervical Cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region During the Years 2000 and 2017: Retrospective Data Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study

BackgroundCervical cancer is a growing health concern, especially in resource-limited settings.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the burden of cervical cancer mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) and globally between the years 2000 and 2017 by using a pooled data analysis approach.MethodsWe used an ecological approach at the country level. This included extracting data from publicly available databases and linking them together in the following 3 steps: (1) extraction of data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in the years 2000 and 2017, (2) categorization of EMR countries according to the World Bank gross domestic product per capita, and (3) linking age-specific population data from the Population Statistics Division of the United Nations (20-29 years, 30-49 years, and >50 years) and GBD’s data with gross national income per capita and globally extracted data, including cervical cancer mortality and DALY numbers and rates per country. The cervical cancer mortality rate was provided by the GBD study using the following formula: number of cervical cancer deaths × 100,000/female population in the respective age group.ResultsThe absolute number of deaths due to cervical cancer increased from the year 2000 (n=6326) to the year 2017 (n=8537) in the EMR; however, the mortality rate due to this disease decreased from the year 2000 (2.7 per 100,000) to the year 2017 (2.5 per 100,000). According to age-specific data, the age group ≥50 years showed the highest mortality rate in both EMR countries and globally, and the age group of 20-29 years showed the lowest mortality rate both globally and in the EMR countries. Further, the rates of cervical cancer DALYs in the EMR were lower compared to the global rates (2.7 vs 6.8 in 2000 and 2.5 vs 6.8 in 2017 for mortality rate per 100,000; 95.8 vs 222.2 in 2000 and 86.3 vs 211.8 in 2017 for DALY rate per 100,000; respectively). However, the relative difference in the number of DALYs due to cervical cancer between the year 2000 and year 2017 in the EMR was higher than that reported globally (34.9 vs 24.0 for the number of deaths and 23.5 vs 18.1 for the number of DALYs, respectively).ConclusionsWe found an increase in the burden of cervical cancer in the EMR as per the data on the absolute number of deaths and DALYs. Further, we found that the health care system has an increased number of cases to deal with, despite the decrease in the absolute number of deaths and DALYs. Cervical cancer is preventable if human papilloma vaccination is taken and early screening is performed. Therefore, we recommend identifying effective vaccination programs and interventions to reduce the burden of this disease.     

The Association Between Eye Disease and Incidence of Dementia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ObjectivesTo better demonstrate the relationship between common eye diseases and the risk of dementia, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies to investigate the relationship between common eye diseases and dementia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Setting and ParticipantsPatients with common eye diseases.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of articles published up to August 25, 2022, of online databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. We included cohort studies that evaluated the association of glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and cataracts with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD). Relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were pooled using random effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed by the I² statistic. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed.ResultsIn total, 25 studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 11,410,709 participants. Pooled estimates suggested an increased risk of all-cause dementia associated with AMD (RR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.13–1.48), glaucoma (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.32), DR (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.21–1.63), and cataract (RR,1.23; 95% CI, 1.09–1.40); an increased risk of AD associated with AMD (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.06–1.52), glaucoma (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02–1.38), DR (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.04–1.41), and cataracts (RR,1.22; 95% CI, 1.07–1.38). No association was observed between incident VaD and any eye diseases. The results of subgroup analyses were consistent with those in meta-analysis of DR and risk of all-cause dementia. Meta-regressions suggested geographic regions as potential sources of heterogeneity for the association between AMD and all-cause dementia, AMD and AD, glaucoma and dementia, glaucoma, and AD, respectively.Conclusions and ImplicationsAMD, glaucoma, DR, and cataract may be associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and AD, but not VaD. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously because of the high heterogeneity and unstable findings in some subgroup analyses.     

Tuberculosis DALY-Gap: Spatial and Quantitative Comparison of Disease Burden Across Urban Slum and Non-slum Census Tracts

To quantitatively assess disease burden due to tuberculosis between populations residing in and outside of urban informal settlements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, we compared disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), or “DALY-gap.” Using the 2010 Brazilian census definition of informal settlements as aglomerados subnormais (AGSN), we allocated tuberculosis (TB) DALYs to AGSN vs non-AGSN census tracts based on geocoded addresses of TB cases reported to the Brazilian Information System for Notifiable Diseases in 2005 and 2010. DALYs were calculated based on the 2010 Global Burden of Disease methodology. DALY-gap was calculated as the difference between age-adjusted DALYs/100,000 population between AGSN and non-AGSN. Total TB DALY in Rio in 2010 was 16,731 (266 DALYs/100,000). DALYs were higher in AGSN census tracts (306 vs 236 DALYs/100,000), yielding a DALY-gap of 70 DALYs/100,000. Attributable DALY fraction for living in an AGSN was 25.4 %. DALY-gap was highest for males 40–59 years of age (501 DALYs/100,000) and in census tracts with <60 % electricity (12,327 DALYs/100,000). DALY-gap comparison revealed spatial and quantitative differences in TB burden between slum vs non-slum census tracts that were not apparent using traditional measures of incidence and mortality. This metric could be applied to compare TB burden or burden for other diseases in mega-cities with large informal settlements for more targeted resource allocation and evaluation of intervention programs.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

山东省乙型肝炎病毒感染所致相关疾病的疾病负担研究

目的 应崩伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)对山东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)、肝硬化和肝癌的疾病负担进行评价并计算HBV感染所致的总疾病负担.方法 以2004-2005年山东省第三次死因调查中乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌的死亡资料,2005年乙肝发病资料和2007年恶性肿瘤患病调查中的肝癌患病资料与残疾权重资料为基础,利用全球疾病负担研究方法分别计算三类肝病的寿命损失年(YLLs)、健康寿命损失年(YLDs)和DALYs,并估计由HBV所致的总疾病负担.结果 2005年山东省因乙肝损失211 616个DALYs(其中YLLs为39 377,YLDs为172 239),因肝硬化损失16 783个DALYs(其中YLLs为13 497,YLDs为3286),因HBV感染所致肝癌损失247 795个DALYs(其中YLLs为240 236,YLDs为7559);男性疾病负担分别是女性的2.19、2.36和3.16倍.乙肝疾病负担中以残疾所致的YLDs为主(81.39%),肝硬化和肝癌疾病负担均以早死所致的YLLs为主,分别占80.42%和96.95%.每例乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌所致的DALY损失分别为4.8、13.73和11.11.结论 乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌对山东省人群造成沉重的疾病负担;控制HBV感染具有巨大的社会和经济效益.     

2018年重庆市结直肠肛门癌疾病负担分析

目的 了解重庆市结直肠肛门癌疾病负担现状及特征,为开展结直肠肛门癌防治提供建议。 方法 收集分析2018年重庆市32个区县结直肠肛门癌个案资料(ICD-10:C18-C21),采用SPSS 25.0 统计分析发病率、死亡率、标化发病率与标化死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years, DALYs)、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLLs)、残疾所致寿命年损失(years lived with disability,YLDs)等指标。不同地区与性别间发病率、死亡率的比较采用χ²检验。 结果 2018年重庆市结直肠肛门癌发病率与标化发病率分别为30.38/10万与19.17/10万,男性发病率(36.18/10万)高于女性(24.49/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ²=17.32,P<0.001)。城市发病率(32.97/10万)高于农村(29.24/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.09,P=0.024)。结直肠肛门癌死亡率与标化死亡率为13.84/10万与8.12/10万,死亡率男性(16.83/10万)高于女性(10.81/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ²=13.22,P<0.001),城市与农村死亡率差异无统计学意义(χ²=3.34,P=0.067)。结直肠肛门癌DALYs率为3.37人年/1 000,其中YLLs率与YLDs率分别为3.01人年/1 000与0.36人年/1 000。 结论 重庆市结直肠肛门癌发病率与疾病负担高于全国平均水平,应重视结直肠肛门癌的防治,提高结直肠肛门癌的早诊早治水平。