负压封闭引流联合过氧化氢灌洗治疗骨折内固定术后感染

目的研究负压封闭引流(VSD)联合过氧化氢灌洗在治疗骨折内固定术后感染的临床疗效。方法对17例骨折内固定术后感染患者,彻底清创后给予VSD敷料覆盖持续引流,并联合应用过氧化氢灌洗,待创面新鲜感染消退后采取直接缝合或皮瓣移植修复创面。结果 15例早期感染(2周)患者经1次VSD治疗后直接缝合或局部皮瓣转移修复创面成功,2例慢性感染患者(10周)经2次VSD治疗后关闭创面,感染复发,再次清创取出内固定物及VSD治疗,伤口愈合。随访13~25个月,术区无再发感染,骨折均获愈合。结论负压封闭引流联合过氧化氢灌洗是治疗骨折内固定术后早期感染的有效方法,可保留内固定物,缩短治疗周期,值得推广。     

VSD治疗骨科创伤感染创面疗效观察

目的观察负压封闭引流技术(VSD)治疗骨科创伤感染创面的临床疗效。方法将2013年1月—2015年2月辽宁省大石桥市中心医院骨外科收治的64例骨科创伤感染患者按照随机数表法随机分为治疗组(32例)与对照组(32例)。治疗组患者创面采用VSD联合植皮术治疗,对照组患者创面采用传统换药联合植皮术治疗,2周后对比观察创面愈合情况。结果治疗组患者创面愈合时间为(14.02±2.32)d,有效率为96.9%,对照组患者创面愈合时间为(21.24±5.13)d,有效率为68.7%,两组对比,P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论 VSD治疗骨科创伤感染创面,可明显缩短创面愈合时间,提高治疗有效率,减轻患者痛苦,且医疗费用低廉,值得临床推广应用。     

全程VSD结合抗生素灌洗治疗皮肤软组织缺损疗效分析

对61例大面积软组织缺损患者,Ⅰ期清创后对创伤部位行负压封闭引流(VSD)结合抗生素灌洗技术治疗,大块植皮后再次应用VSD治疗7～9d,56例植皮完全成活,5例边缘少许坏死,积极换药后成活。     

负压封闭引流(VSD)治疗损伤感染创面的临床观察

使用负压封闭引流（VSD）治疗创伤后感染及缺损创面6例,均全部治愈,证实VSD是一安全有效的治疗方法。     

负压引流球在骨科手术后的应用

在骨科临床经常给各类创口做引流。因牵引、石膏固定及瘫痪等特殊体位,单用橡皮片、卷或纱布等物消极引流,不充分、效果差,尤其不宜于闭式灌洗引流。为克服以上引流的不足,从1989年起我们采用负压引流球管,应用于骨科各类创口1776例引流,收到良好效果报告如下:1 临床资料     

传统技术结合负压封闭引流治疗慢性骨髓炎21例

慢性骨髓炎是骨组织的化脓性感染,为骨科临床中的常见病,反复发作,治疗周期长,临床治疗困难.运用局部滴注抗生素溶液髓腔置管冲洗治疗慢性骨髓炎大大提高了治愈率[1-2].笔者自2008年9月以来对21例四肢管状骨慢性骨髓炎的患者在传统的病灶清除、髓腔置管冲洗的基础上,采用负压封闭引流(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD),将传统的橡胶引流管改为利用VSD材料进行负压引流,临床治疗效果较为满意.现报告如下.     

负压封闭引流联合灌洗治疗感染软组织火器伤早期疗效的初步实验观察

目的 探讨负压封闭引流(VSD)联合灌洗治疗感染火器伤的早期疗效.方法 18头猪枪击致伤右后肢,前2天不做任何治疗以造成感染火器伤.第3天行有限清创后,随机分为对照组(常规处理)、VSD组和实验组(VSD联合灌洗治疗),每组6头.比较3组各时间点伤道细菌计数、外周血中白细胞和内毒素含量的变化,并行常规病理学观察.结果 ...     

猪尾导管行胸腔闭式引流的疗效评价

目的探讨微创方法行胸腔闭式引流的疗效及安全性。方法对56例胸腔积液、31例自发性气胸和2例液气胸的患者,采用猪尾导管行胸腔闭式引流,观察其治疗效果及并发症发生情况。结果全部病例均顺利完成胸腔穿刺并行闭式引流,其中3例病人因导管堵塞行第2次引流,80例病人引流成功,肺复张或胸水明显减少,9例无效,总有效率89.9%。结论应用猪尾导管行胸腔闭式引流操作方便,创伤小,并发症少,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

负压封闭引流与常规引流技术治疗四肢皮肤软组织感染疗效比较

交通事故等高能量损伤引发的创伤,创面常污染严重,如何尽快修复创面、防止感染扩散、促进肢体功能恢复是当前创伤外科探讨的热点。笔者于2009-04至2011-05,应用负压封闭引流（vacuum sealing drainage,VSD）技术治疗感染创面30例,并与常规引流技术做一比较,获得满意疗效。     

负压封闭引流技术在下肢大面积皮肤缺损合并感染的应用

目的:探讨负压封闭引流技术(Vacaum staling drainage,VSD)治疗下肢大面积皮肤缺损合并感染的临床效果.方法:对我院收治的14例下肢大面积皮肤撕脱伤患者,采用负压封闭引流技术(VSD)+网状植皮术治疗,观察其治疗效果.结果:平均使用VSD 8.5天,13例皮片全部存活,创面愈合,其中5例接受两次VSD治疗;1例皮片存活95%,经换药后,创面愈合,患肢运动功能及外观恢复良好;创面封闭时间最短者13天,最长者24天.结论:负压封闭引流技术(VSD)+网状植皮术处理下肢大面积皮肤缺损合并感染的创面,能更好地进行创面引流,控制感染加重,促进创面良好贴附,有利于移植皮片存活.     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

Temporal changes in the oxidation state in in vitro blood

The rates at which the paramagnetic compounds deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MHb) form in vivo within an area of hemorrhage are unknown. The present experiment establishes the baseline concentrations and rates of change in paramagnetic hemoglobin concentrations, as well as the pH in normal heparinized and clotted human blood maintained in vitro at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions over 30 hours. There was a moderate increase in Hb concentration in normal heparinized blood (average increase was 15.5%, rate = 0.50%/hour) and a slight increase in MHb concentration in the heparinized blood and clots (average increase was 1.4%, rate = 0.044%/hour). A second experiment was done to verify the activity of the RBC systems responsible for maintaining the hemoglobin molecule in the reduced state. Conversion of MHb to Hb in these samples proceeded at a rate of 5.6%/hour. In a third experiment, blood from 11 normal subjects maintained at 4 degrees C 25 degrees C was analyzed for MHb concentration over the course of 28 days. The level of MHb formation remained in the range of normal for at least 11 days in all subjects. The authors conclude that at basal conditions created in vitro, the blood levels of both Hb and MHb remain at relatively low levels. Therefore, if the accumulation of Hb and/or MHb occurs in acute in vivo hematomas it must be driven by intrinsic tissue factors.     

Carcinoma in situ in cryptorchid testes in post-pubertal patients]

The pathohistologic analysis of testis sections of 37 postpuberty patients with different types of cryptorchism is performed. The tissue samples were taken during orchiopehy, fixed in Bouin's solution and treated by the standard histologic techniques. The morphologic criteria are presented for identification of the presence of the so called carcinoma in situ cells found in two cases. Besides, in 13 patients rare, mainly single, atypical germinative cells were found in a smaller number of the seminiferous tubules. It has been concluded that the presence of carcinoma in situ cells in undescended testes of some patients and considering the simple way of sampling, lack of complications and high reliability of the diagnostic procedure, it is absolutely justified to take routine biopsy of testes during orchiopexy in each postpuberty and perhaps prepuberty patient.     

我国医用辐射防护研究概况

医学放射学技术的迅速发展及介入放射学在临床广泛应用，使更多的人受到电离辐射的照射，同时也促进了医疗照射防护工作的发展。文中重点综述了我国医用辐射防护工作者近年来在Ｘ射线ＣＴ的医疗照射防护、对介入放射学工作者的剂量监测以及应用医疗照射防护体系，降低医疗照射剂量等方面所作出的成绩和研究进展     

Interventions in the chest in children

The scope for image-guided intervention in the chest is very wide and encompasses procedures in the heart, pulmonary and systemic vasculature, lungs and pleural cavities, airway, and esophagus. This review describes the most important procedures that are usually performed by radiologists. Percutaneous drainage is now the most common method of treating both empyemas and lung abscesses in children. Although most lung biopsies are carried out by other means, percutaneous biopsy and localization are important alternatives for the diagnosis of focal lung lesions. Esophageal strictures are common in children and are usually best treated by balloon dilatation. The use of retrievable or biodegradable stents has recently been introduced for refractory esophageal strictures. Similarly, balloon dilatation and stenting are now increasingly used in children with stenosis or extrinsic compression of the trachea or bronchi.     

Serum zinc in athletes in training

Serum zinc was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 160 training athletes (57 females) in the morning at rest. In 23.3% of the male and 43% of the female athletes, serum Zn was lower than the limit accepted for the normal range (75 microgram/dl or 11.5 mumol/l). The average serum Zn (96.7 +/- 12.6 microgram/dl) and the range of the values found in a control group of 15 young adult males did not differ from the accepted values in the literature. In 22 randomly selected male athletes, serum Zn fractions were determined using polyethylene glycol precipitation at pH 7.1; 22.2% of total Zn was bóund to alpha2-macroglobulin, the ratio being very close to 1 atom of metal per molecule of globulin. The possible reasons that may influence the serum Zn level in athletes are discussed with regard to the present knowledge in both exercise physiology and metabolism of zinc in man.