The influence of food additives and related materials on lower bowel structure and function

Food additives, drugs, and other chemicals are known to influence the lower gastrointestinal tract under some defined conditions, resulting in morphological alterations in the mucosa and other tissues, deranged absorption and excretion of nutrients, and, in some cases, injury to other organs and tissues as a secondary phenomenon. Generally, in rats, hamsters, and dogs, there is increased absorption and urinary excretion of calcium, soft stools or diarrhea, and cecal enlargement. In the rat, hamster, and dog, renal lesions accompany the hypercalcemia and elevated excretion of calcium. These signs, symptoms, and lesions are typical of exposure to sugar alcohols (sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, lactitol), lactose and caramel, some of the chemically modified food starches, and synthetic polydextrose. Soft stools and diarrhea, as well as cecal enlargement and variable hyperplasia of the colon mucosa, occur frequently when substances are absorbed incompletely in the small intestine and subjected to microbial metabolism in the cecum and colon. The remarkable cecal enlargement, mucosal hyperplasia and, when present, colonic mucosal hyperplasia are reversible, even when long-standing. Renal lesions are reversible only if exposure is of short duration, before significant mineralization and scarring has occurred. Morphological and functional anomalies associated with some of these substances are described and illustrated.     

Rationale for diagnosing deficiency of ChEs and for applying exogenous HuChEs to the treatment of diseases

Recent evidence strongly demonstrates that acetylcholine (ACh) is not only involved in the function of the central and peripheral nervous systems, including the parasympathetic and somatic systems, but also acts as a ubiquitous cell signaling molecule or cytotransmitter, and as a hormone with paracrine, juxtacrine and autocrine properties. This active molecule exerts versatile and potent functions primarily through its specific nicotinic and muscarinic receptors (nAChRs and mAChRs, respectively). These functions modulate numerous biomechanisms, including cell growth, survival, proliferation and differentiation, cell-cell contact, cell cycle, locomotion, electrical activity, immune function, apoptosis, organization of the cytoskeleton, trophic functions, secretion, adhesion, resorption, and stress-response-regulation. By nature, the precise ACh levels and responses from receptors must be controlled and regulated by its degrading enzymes, the cholinesterases (ChEs), namely, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Once ChEs become critically deficient in quality and quantity, ACh signaling will be uncontrollably aberrant and persistent. An in-depth account of the fundamental roles of ChEs, comprising their diverse soluble and membrane-bound forms, in maintaining the functional equilibrium of ACh in the macro and microenvironment has been undertaken. This work also covers ACh receptors, signaling pathways, other interdependent and interrelated substances, functional processes, role of ChEs as first-line gatekeepers and defenses for the architecture of cells, tissues and organisms, physically, chemically, and structurally. The mechanisms of many diseases ranging from the acute cholinergic crisis to the chronic degenerative and hypergenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, cancers, atopic dermatitis, may involve a deficiency of ChEs or imbalance between ACh and ChEs, initially or consequentially. It is therefore essential to ascertain a ChE deficiency, or an imbalance between ACh and ChEs, in tissues and body fluids in order for conducting clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment. An argument is put forward on the rationale of applying exogenous human ChEs to reverse enzymatic deficiency and correct the imbalance between ACh and ChEs, to repair the affected receptors and protect against their further loss in the body, and consequently to alleviate the signs and symptoms of diseases. Evidence is adduced for the safety and efficacy of ChEs treatment.     

Mycoplasma genitalium: from Chrysalis to multicolored butterfly

The history, replication, genetics, characteristics (both biological and physical), and factors involved in the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma genitalium are presented. The latter factors include adhesion, the influence of hormones, motility, possible toxin production, and immunological responses. The preferred site of colonization, together with current detection procedures, mainly by PCR technology, is discussed. The relationships between M. genitalium and various diseases are highlighted. These diseases include acute and chronic nongonococcal urethritis, balanoposthitis, chronic prostatitis, and acute epididymitis in men and urethritis, bacterial vaginosis, vaginitis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and reproductive disease in women. A causative relationship, or otherwise strong association, between several of these diseases and M. genitalium is apparent, and the extent of this, on a subjective basis, is presented; also provided is a comparison between M. genitalium and two other genital tract-orientated mollicutes, namely, Mycoplasma hominis, the first mycoplasma of human origin to be discovered, and Ureaplasma species. Also discussed is the relationship between M. genitalium and infertility and also arthritis in both men and women, as is infection in homosexual and immunodeficient patients. Decreased immunity, as in HIV infections, may enhance mycoplasmal detection and increase disease severity. Finally, aspects of the antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of M. genitalium, together with the treatment and possible prevention of mycoplasmal disease, are discussed.     

Systemic Trauma

Substantial theoretical, empirical, and clinical work examines trauma as it relates to individual victims and perpetrators. As trauma professionals, it is necessary to acknowledge facets of institutions, cultures, and communities that contribute to trauma and subsequent outcomes. Systemic trauma—contextual features of environments and institutions that give rise to trauma, maintain it, and impact posttraumatic responses—provides a framework for considering the full range of traumatic phenomena. The current issue of the Journal of Trauma & Dissociation is composed of articles that incorporate systemic approaches to trauma. This perspective extends conceptualizations of trauma to consider the influence of environments such as schools and universities, churches and other religious institutions, the military, workplace settings, hospitals, jails, and prisons; agencies and systems such as police, foster care, immigration, federal assistance, disaster management, and the media; conflicts involving war, torture, terrorism, and refugees; dynamics of racism, sexism, discrimination, bullying, and homophobia; and issues pertaining to conceptualizations, measurement, methodology, teaching, and intervention. Although it may be challenging to expand psychological and psychiatric paradigms of trauma, a systemic trauma perspective is necessary on both scientific and ethical grounds. Furthermore, a systemic trauma perspective reflects current approaches in the fields of global health, nursing, social work, and human rights. Empirical investigations and intervention science informed by this paradigm have the potential to advance scientific inquiry, lower the incidence of a broader range of traumatic experiences, and help to alleviate personal and societal suffering.     

Phylogenetic analysis of global hepatitis E virus sequences: genetic diversity, subtypes and zoonosis

Nucleotide sequences from a total of 421 HEV isolates were retrieved from Genbank and analysed. Phylogenetically, HEV was classified into four major genotypes. Genotype 1 was more conserved and classified into five subtypes. The number of genotype 2 sequences was limited but can be classified into two subtypes. Genotypes 3 and 4 were extremely diverse and can be subdivided into ten and seven subtypes. Geographically, genotype 1 was isolated from tropical and several subtropical countries in Asia and Africa, and genotype 2 was from Mexico, Nigeria, and Chad; whereas genotype 3 was identified almost worldwide including Asia, Europe, Oceania, North and South America. In contrast, genotype 4 was found exclusively in Asia. It is speculated that genotype 3 originated in the western hemisphere and was imported to several Asian countries such as Japan, Korea and Taiwan, while genotype 4 has been indigenous and likely restricted to Asia. Genotypes 3 and 4 were not only identified in swine but also in wild animals such as boar and a deer. Furthermore, in most areas where genotypes 3 and 4 were characterised, sequences from both humans and animals were highly conserved, indicating they originated from the same infectious sources. Based upon nucleotide differences from five phylogenies, it is proposed that five, two, ten and seven subtypes for HEV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 be designated alphabetised subtypes. Accordingly, a total of 24 subtypes (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 3i, 3j, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f and 4g) were given.     

A model and method for "making" a Combined-Integrated psychologist: equilintegration (EI) theory and the beliefs, events, and values inventory (BEVI)

Although the Consensus Conference on Combined and Integrated Doctoral Training in Psychology (e.g., Bailey, 2003) generated much content of relevance to the structure and commitments of Combined-Integrated (C-I) programs, faculty, and students-and Competencies 2002: Future Directions in Education and Credentialing in Professional Psychology (www.appic.org) developed language and guidelines regarding the knowledge areas, skills, and values that students in professional psychology programs should acquire and demonstrate-specific models and methods are necessary to translate these professional guidelines and aspirations into reality. This article offers one such model, Equilintegration (EI) Theory, and method, the Beliefs, Events, and Values Inventory (BEVI), that can be used by faculty, training staff, supervisors, and students in C-I programs to operationalize, assess, and cultivate basic values of education and training from a C-I perspective (e.g., self-awareness, self-assessment, and self-reflection). In addition to this model and method, relevant background information, theory, and research are presented along with attendant implications, hypotheses, and principles.     

Serotype-related differences in production and type of heat-labile hemolysin and heat-labile cytotoxin of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae.

Reference strains of serotypes 1 to 12 of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae were cultured in Eagle minimal essential medium with 10% Serum Plus. Culture supernatants were examined for cytotoxicity to alveolar macrophages and for the ability to hemolyze sheep erythrocytes. All strains except the reference strain of serotype 6 produced cytotoxin, whereas only serotypes 1, 5, 9, 10, and 11 produced hemolysin. Both cytotoxin and hemolysin appeared to be heat labile. Antisera were raised against cytotoxin- and hemolysin-containing culture supernatants of serotypes 1 to 11. Cross-neutralization studies revealed that the hemolysins were serologically homogeneous. In contrast, four serologically different cytotoxins were distinguished. One cytotoxin was produced by serotypes 1, 5, 9, and 11, and a second was produced by serotypes 2, 3, 4, and 8. A third cytotoxin was produced by serotypes 7 and 12; this cytotoxin was related to the cytotoxins of serotypes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, and 11. A fourth cytotoxin, produced by serotype 10, was related to the cytotoxin of serotypes 1, 5, 9, and 11. Seventy field strains belonging to serotypes 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, and 11 were also tested for production of cytotoxin and hemolysin. All strains belonging to serotypes 9 and 11 produced hemolysin and cytotoxin, whereas all strains of serotypes 2, 3, 7, and 8 produced only cytotoxin. Hemolysins and cytotoxins of both the field strains and the corresponding serotype reference strains were comparably neutralized. These findings strongly suggest that the observed differences in production and type of hemolysin and cytotoxin were related to serotype and not to strain.     

Optimizing JC and BK polyomavirus IgG testing for seroepidemiology and patient counseling

BackgroundPolyomavirus JC (JCPyV) and BK (BKPyV) can cause significant diseases in immunocompromised patients including nephropathy, hemorrhagic cystitis, and leukoencephalopathy. Recently, JCPyV and BKPyV IgG have been explored as risk predictors in multiple sclerosis and transplant patients, but sensitivity, specificity and quantification issues limit current performance.ObjectiveTo improve JCPyV and BKPyV-specific antibody testing.Study designHealthy blood donor sera (N = 400) were tested at dilutions 1:100, 1:200, and 1:400 for JCPyV- and BKPyV-specific IgG using VP1 virus-like particle (VLP)-based ELISAs normalized to a laboratory reference serum. Normalized optical density 492 nm greater or equal 0.1 in all 3 dilutions was regarded as reactive. Sera with discordant reactivity in at least one dilution were retested after VLP preadsorption.ResultsAt dilutions 1:100, 1:200, and 1:400, IgG reactivity was 74%, 60% and 53% for JCPyV, and 93%, 86% and 74% for BKPyV, respectively. At these dilutions, JCPyV-VLP preadsorption identified 56, 4 and 0 false-positives and 0, 4 and 27 false-negatives, respectively. Dilution-dependent sensitivity was 100%, 98%, and 89%, and specificity 65, 98%, and 100%, respectively. For sera diluted 100-, 200-, and 400-fold, BKPyV-VLP preadsorption identified 28, 1 and 0 false-positives, and 0, 0 and 46 false-negatives, and sensitivity was 100%, 100%, 86%, and specificity 50%, 98%, 100%, respectively.ConclusionFor seroepidemiology studies, normalized JCPyV and BKPyV IgG ELISA at 1:200 serum dilution provides optimal sensitivity and specificity with the lowest false-positive and false-negative rate. For individual risk assessment, dilutions of 100, 200, and 400 combined with preadsorption for low-reactive sera may be most appropriate.     

贵州彝族白族16种遗传性状的基因频率

目的 了解贵州彝族、白族群体部分遗传性状的基因频率及其分布特点. 方法 采用群体遗传学研究方法,调查了879人(彝族472人、白族407人)16种遗传性状.计算了各遗传特征的基因频率.采用U检验进行了民族群体间差异显著性比较. 结果 贵州彝族翻舌、卷舌、唇厚、下颏类型、发质、发旋、眼睑、前额发际、睫毛、耵聍、达尔文结节、利手、拇指类型、中指毛、环食指长(男)、环食指长(女)和小指弯曲基因频率分别为0.0424、0.3427、0.5539、0.3527、0.1894、0.3860、0.4960、0.1089、0.5132、0.1363、0.3652、0.6285、0.2190、0.3397、0.0673、0.0797和0.3144;白族分别为0.0450、0.3868、0.4940、0.2993、0.2210、0.3188、0.4075、0.0901、0.6285、0.0808、0.4238、0.7034、0.2550、0.3707、0.0678、0.0950和0.2901.贵州两民族人群发旋和利手显性基因频率具有显著性差异(P<0.05),眼睑、睫毛和耵聍显性基因频率差异极显著(P<0.01). 结论 贵州彝族、白族翻舌、中指毛、发旋、拇指类型和小指弯曲5种遗传性状的显性基因频率处于较低水平,下颏类型和睫毛两种遗传性状的显性基因频率处于较高水平,其余9种遗传性状的基因频率处于中等水平.     

Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020

In this review, we discuss recent publications on asthma and review the studies that have reported on the different aspects of the prevalence, risk factors and prevention, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of asthma. Many risk and protective factors and molecular mechanisms are involved in the development of asthma. Emerging concepts and challenges in implementing the exposome paradigm and its application in allergic diseases and asthma are reviewed, including genetic and epigenetic factors, microbial dysbiosis, and environmental exposure, particularly to indoor and outdoor substances. The most relevant experimental studies further advancing the understanding of molecular and immune mechanisms with potential new targets for the development of therapeutics are discussed. A reliable diagnosis of asthma, disease endotyping, and monitoring its severity are of great importance in the management of asthma. Correct evaluation and management of asthma comorbidity/multimorbidity, including interaction with asthma phenotypes and its value for the precision medicine approach and validation of predictive biomarkers, are further detailed. Novel approaches and strategies in asthma treatment linked to mechanisms and endotypes of asthma, particularly biologicals, are critically appraised. Finally, due to the recent pandemics and its impact on patient management, we discuss the challenges, relationships, and molecular mechanisms between asthma, allergies, SARS-CoV-2, and COVID-19.     

常规超声结合剪切波弹性成像对大涎腺肿瘤良恶性的诊断价值

目的 探讨常规超声声像图结合剪切波弹性成像（SWE）在诊断和鉴别大涎腺肿瘤良恶性中的价值。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2019年12月—2022年2月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院经手术治疗的69例大涎腺肿瘤患者的临床资料。其中男48例、女21例,年龄12~78（54.3±9.6）岁。患者肿瘤术前未做任何治疗,均行常规超声及SWE检查。以患者手术病理诊断结果为金标准进行分组：良性组41例,恶性组28例;多形性腺瘤组23例,沃辛瘤组11例。比较良性组与恶性组之间、沃辛瘤组与多形性腺瘤组之间的SWE各弹性参数,即平均弹性值（Emean）、最大弹性值（Emax）以及取样框内弹性数据离散度值（Esd）的差异。分析常规超声与常规超声结合SWE图像诊断的结果与病理诊断结果的符合率;采用受试者操作特征曲线（ROC曲线）下面积（AUC）比较这2种方法诊断大涎腺肿瘤良恶性的效能。绘制SWE各弹性参数的ROC曲线,计算AUC,比较Emean、Emax、Esd值的诊断效能。结果 良性组的Emean、Emax以及Esd值[（89.45±49.59）、（120.58±57.59）、（15.91±11.57）kPa]均小于恶性组[（216.33±53.28）、（252.68±56.42）、（30.49±13.31）kPa],差异均有统计学意义（t=10.13、9.43、4.83,P值均<0.001）,沃辛瘤组的Emean、Emax以及Esd值[（37.46±21.57）、（62.35±24.64）、（8.55±5.46）kPa]也均小于多形性腺瘤组[（108.51±28.46）、（156.44±37.51）、（18.26±11.27）kPa],差异均有统计学意义（t=7.31、7.55、3.38,P值均<0.01）。常规超声诊断结果与病理结果符合45例（65.2%,45/69）,其中恶性18例、良性27例;常规超声结合SWE诊断结果与病理结果符合58例（84.1%,58/69）,其中恶性23例、良性35例。常规超声与常规超声结合SWE图像诊断大涎腺肿瘤良恶性的特异度、灵敏度及准确度分别为65.9%、64.3%、65.2%和85.4%、82.1%、84.1%,AUC分别为0.651、0.838,差异有统计学意义（Z=2.67,P<0.05）。Emean、Emax、Esd值鉴别大涎腺肿瘤良恶性的AUC分别为0.941、0.929、0.762,Emean、Emax优于Esd。分别以Emean=169.5 kPa、Emax=196.4 kPa、Esd=22.4 kPa为最佳临界值时,其相应特异度分别为92.7%、90.2%、80.5%,灵敏度分别为92.9%、89.3%、64.3%,阴性预测值分别为95.0%、92.5%、76.8%,阳性预测值分别为89.7%、86.2%、69.2%。结论 SWE能在常规超声检查的基础上进一步定量测得大涎腺肿瘤硬度,两者相结合诊断大涎腺肿瘤良恶性准确率明显提高,其中Emean及Emax诊断效能均较好,且均优于Esd。     

Familial canine dermatomyositis. Initial characterization of the cutaneous and muscular lesions

Familial canine dermatomyositis is a recently identified disease of collie dogs that resembles human juvenile dermatomyositis. The lesions in the skin and muscles obtained by biopsy from two litters of dogs were characterized for the purpose of determining the similarity of the lesions to those of human dermatomyositis. The cutaneous lesions began between 7 and 11 weeks of age and were present on the face, lips, ears, and skin over bony prominences of the limbs, feet, sternum, and tip of the tail. Histologically the cutaneous lesions frequently consisted of vesicles, pustules, and ulcers on the lips, face, and ears. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, mast cells, and macrophages were present throughout the dermis. Neutrophils and lymphocytes were also present in and around vessels. Between 13 and 19 weeks of age generalized muscle atrophy was noted. The muscle lesions consisted of interstitial lymphocyte, plasma cell, macrophage, and neutrophil accumulation; myofiber degeneration, regeneration, and atrophy; and fibrosis. Perivascular neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells were also seen. Histologically, the lesions resembled those present in human juvenile dermatomyositis; and these observations, coupled with clinical, immunologic, and clinical pathologic observations presented elsewhere, suggest that familial canine dermatomyositis is an appropriate and potentially useful model for human juvenile dermatomyositis.     

Immunochemical Characterization of Reference Alder (Alnus glutinosa) and Hazel (Corylus avellana) Pollen Extracts and the Partial Immunochemical Identity between the Major Allergens of Alder, Birch and Hazel Pollens

Dialysed extracts of alder (Alnus glutinosa) and hazel (Corylus avellana) pollens were characterized by immunochemical methods. The alder pollen extract contained at least 33 distinct antigens of which one, antigen 5, was classified as a major allergen, three, antigens 4, 10, and 17, were classified as intermediate allergens and two, antigens 19 and 23, were classified as minor allergens. The molecular weight and pI of the major allergen were determined to be 19,000 D and 5.2, respectively. The hazel pollen extract contained at least 40 distinct antigens, two of which were classified as major allergens, antigens 8 and 13, three as intermediate allergens, antigens 12, 17, and 26, and seven as minor allergens, antigens 6, 11, 16, 18, 29, 39, and 40. The molecular weights and pI's of the major allergens of hazel pollen were determined to be: antigen 8; Mw = 12,000 D, pI = 5.1 and less than 3.5, antigen 13; Mw = 26,000 D, pI = 5.1. Further, crossed line immunoelectrophoresis and tandem crossed immunoelectrophoresis of alder, birch and hazel strongly indicate that there exists an immunochemical partial identity between the major allergens (antigens 5 (alder), 23 (birch), and 13 (hazel)) from these tree pollens.     

A new X-linked dysplasia gigantism syndrome: follow up in the first family and report on a second Austrian family

We report on a new X-linked recessive syndrome in 2 unrelated families, consisting of pre- and postnatal growth excess, typical facial phenotype allowing diagnosis at birth, and usually normal physical and intellectual development. The minor anomalies seen at birth include a "coarse" face with wide nasal bridge, short nose with upturned nasal tip, wide open mouth, thick lips, midline depression of the lower lip, enlarged tongue, highly arched palate, large maxilla and jaw, and a short broad neck. Voice is hoarse and affected individuals have a plump, stocky body with pectus excavatum, thoracic scoliosis, hepatosplenomegaly, umbilical and/or inguinal hernias, broad short hands and feet, and in some cases preauricular dimples, abnormal ears, postaxial hexadactyly, hypoplastic index finger nails, and abnormal dermatoglyphics. Early postnatal death is frequent and pathogenetically unexplained. During infancy and childhood the leading manifestations are the overgrowth (greater than 97th centile), striking facial appearance, hypodontia and/or malposition of teeth, genua valga, hypoplastic calf muscles, and clumsiness. Adolescent and adult patients have well proportioned "gigantism" of athletic build (192-210 cm), large "coarse" face, and a deep voice. General intellectual and motor development are either normal or mildly delayed. Results of routine laboratory tests are normal, as are growth hormone and IGF I levels and chromosomes. Pathogenesis remains unknown. Heterozygotes may show some of the characteristic facial changes.     

ELISA法与RFFIT法检测狂犬病疫苗免疫后血清抗体的比较

目的比较狂犬病疫苗免疫后血清抗体酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）与快速免疫荧光灶抑制试验（RFFIT）两种检测方法。方法对93名研究对象采用0、3、7、14和28d程序进行暴露后免疫，分别采用ELISA法与WHO认可的金标法RFFIT法检测免疫DO、D3、D7、D14、D45d的血清抗体。结果免疫DO、D3、D7、D14、D45dELISA法检测抗体阳性率分别为8．6％、11．8％、22．6％、49．6％、86％，RFFIT法检测抗体阳性率分别为0％、0％、22．58％、100％、100％，ELISA法与RFFIT法阳性符合率分别为0％、0％、34.8％、100％、100％；阴性符合率分别为100％、100％、81．4％、0％、0％。结论ELISA法检测狂犬病疫苗免疫后血清抗体，免疫早期DO、D3、D7假阳性率较高，免疫D14、D45则假阴性率较高。建议采用WHO认可的方法做检测。     

Performance characteristics of four automated natriuretic peptide assays

Measurement of circulating B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) can identify patients with heart failure and guide therapy. The limit of detection, linearity, imprecision, method comparison, analytic concordance, and reference intervals of the Access 2 BNP (Biosite, San Diego, CA), ADVIA Centaur BNP (Bayer Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY), AxSYM BNP (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL), and E170 NT-proBNP (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN) methods were evaluated. The Triage meter BNP assay (Biosite) was the comparison method. Imprecision testing showed total coefficients of variation of 4.1%, 4.4%, 5.5%, and 0.8% for the Access 2, ADVIA Centaur, AxSYM, and E170, respectively. Relative to the Triage meter, method comparison revealed a slope of 0.96 and r = 0.95, a slope of 0.77 and r = 0.92, a slope of 1.13 and r = 0.94, and a slope of 8.8 and r = 0.80 for the Access 2, ADVIA Centaur, AxSYM, and E170, respectively. Overall analytic concordance values with the Triage meter were 95.9%, 92.9%, 92.4%, and 84.3% for the Access 2, ADVIA Centaur, AxSYM, and E170, respectively. All automated natriuretic peptide methods showed acceptable analytic performance.     

基于生物信息学分析尤文肉瘤的差异基因表达及功能预测

目的基于生物信息学分析尤文肉瘤的基因差异表达及功能预测,为尤文肉瘤的治疗提供帮助。方法通过GEO数据库寻找RNA数据集,通过limma包寻找差异基因并寻求可视化,对其进行信号通路分析和GO富集分析,最后进行基因互作网络的分析。结果在尤文肉瘤组织中共筛选出312个基因具有差异,其中192个上调基因,120个下调基因。通过细胞组成的研究,细胞外区域组分、细胞外区域、细胞外小泡、细胞外细胞器、细胞外泌体对尤文肉瘤影响较大。通过对生物进程的分析,细胞分化、系统发育、解剖结构、细胞发育、细胞发育过程影响较大。通过对分子功能的研究,蛋白结合、细胞黏附结合、蛋白质二聚体结合、胰岛素II受体结合、细胞外基质结合影响较大。通过基因互作网络发现,ANXA2和S100A10,ANXA2和S100A4,GRP和CCK,LAMA5和ITGA3,SCNN1A和SG1C1互作关系较为密切。结论ANXA2和S100A10,ANXA2和S100A4,GRP和CCK,LAMA5和ITGA3,SCNN1A和SG1C1互作关系较为密切,这些相互作用的基因编码蛋白可能调控尤文肉瘤的产生。