重度到极重度语后聋成年患者心理健康状态分析

目的　评价重度到极重度语后聋成年患者的心理健康水平,探讨该群体可能广泛存在的心理症状。方法 采用自陈测试的评估方法,利用90项症状清单（symptom check list 90,SCL-90）、焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）、抑郁自评量表（self-rat ing depression scale,SDS）和交流恐惧自陈量表（personal repor t of communication apprehension,PRCA-24）对52例重度到极重度语后聋成年患者的心理健康水平进行评价。结果 SCL-90测评结果显示语后聋患者存在多种心理症状,其中“强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性”八个因子分显著高于国内常模（P <0.01）。 SAS和SDS测评结果显示语后聋患者普遍存在负性情绪体验,其中46.15%（24/52）的报告存在焦虑体验,34.61%（18/52）的测试报告存在抑郁体验。PRCA-24测评结果显示语后聋患者存在明显交流恐惧（P <0.01）,检出中度以上交流恐惧45例（86.54%）,并且随着交流人数的增加交流恐惧程度明显加剧,公众交流场合最易导致耳聋者产生恐惧情绪。结论 语后聋成年患者普遍存在“人际敏感、焦虑、抑郁、交流恐惧“等多种心理症状,听力障碍对耳聋者身心健康造成的负面影响不容忽视,关心和维护耳聋群体的心理健康,减少或避免心理危机的发生和发展具有一定的现实意义。     

突发性聋住院患者心理状况调查及其与治疗效果相关性分析

目的　评估突发性聋患者的心理健康状况,并评估治疗前、后心理状况的变化情况。方法　选取2020年8月～2021年11月因突发性聋入院治疗的患者80例,使用焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）、抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）和症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90,SCL-90）评估心理状况。在入院和出院时进行纯音听阈测试、声导抗测听、耳鸣检查等相关听力检查,评估突发性聋的治疗效果及心理健康状况的变化。收集患者的伴随症状、病程时长、伴随相关基础疾病等相关信息,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析突发性聋患者治疗效果的影响因素。结果　突发性聋患者治疗后与治疗前SCL-90、SAS、SDS评分有统计学差异（P<0.05）。根据不同治疗结果分组比较,有效组与无效组SAS、SDS评分变化有统计学差异（P <0.05）。以疗效为因变量,其他变量为自变量做单因素Logistic回归,年龄、前庭功能低下、SDS变化值、SAS变化值对疗效的影响具有统计学意义,年龄和前庭功能低下对疗效起抑制作用;而SAS和SDS变化值对疗效具有促进作用（P<0.05）。结论　突发性聋患者常伴焦虑抑郁、心理状况差,伴有前庭功能低下及高龄因素会影响突发性聋的治疗有效率,而治疗期间焦虑抑郁情绪的缓解能有效提高治疗有效率,因此在突发性聋患者药物治疗的基础上联合心理治疗是十分必要的。     

创伤性单纯鼓膜穿孔患者治疗前后心理状况评估

目的　评估创伤性单纯鼓膜穿孔患者治疗前后的心理状态，分析患者治疗前后心理变化。方法　对2015年1月~2017年1月西安交通大学第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉科门诊初诊的创伤性单纯鼓膜穿孔患者108例进行前瞻性研究，所有患者于初诊时及治疗2个月后填写抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale，SDS）及焦虑自评量表（selfrating anxiety scale，SAS），对比治疗前后量表评分有无差异，并分析引起抑郁及焦虑症状的可能因素。结果　108例创伤性单纯鼓膜穿孔患者治疗前SDS评分、SAS评分均明显高于治疗后评分（t SDS=3.056，t SAS=2.797，P <0.05），其中穿孔愈合组患者在治疗后评分明显低于治疗前，差异有统计学意义（t SDS=3.376，t SAS=2.945，P <0.05）。治疗后伴有抑郁及/或焦虑的例数下降，其中愈合组患者治疗后伴有抑郁及/或焦虑的例数下降明显，差异有统计学意义（χ2抑郁=8.270， χ2焦虑=7.296 ，P <0.05）。他伤、高听力的职业需要、伴有耳鸣耳闷以及头晕是抑郁和/或焦虑症状的危险因素。结论　在治疗创伤性单纯鼓膜穿孔患者躯体疾患的同时也应关注患者的抑郁及焦虑情绪，尽早促进穿孔愈合，改善躯体症状有助于减轻患者的抑郁及焦虑症状。     

鼻内镜术后慢性鼻窦炎患者主观症状缓解效果与负面情绪状态的关系研究

目的　探讨慢性鼻窦炎鼻内镜术后患者主观症状缓解效果与负面情绪状态的关系。方法　回顾性分析河南省中医院2016年1月～2020年6月收治行鼻内镜手术治疗的慢性鼻窦炎患者共320例临床资料,分析手术前后症状视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）评分、抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）评分及Lund-Kennedy内镜评分,采用Pearson检验评价鼻内镜术后慢性鼻窦炎患者主观症状与负面情绪状态相关性。结果　年龄、性别及病程亚组患者术后SAS评分和SDS评分均显著低于术前（P <0.05）;患者术后症状VAS评分和Lund-Kennedy鼻内镜评分均显著低于术前（P <0.05）;患者术前SAS评分和SDS评分与整体症状、鼻塞、嗅觉减退及流涕症状评分呈明显正相关（P <0.05）。结论　慢性鼻窦炎鼻内镜术后患者主观症状缓解效果与负面情绪状态关系密切,故对于拟接受鼻内镜手术治疗患者建议行精神状态评估。     

咽异感症与精神焦虑及抑郁症状相关性研究

目的探讨咽异感症患者发病与精神焦虑和抑郁症状的相关性,分析咽异感症男、女患者之间量表评分差异以及不同病程患者间量表评分的差异。方法选择50例咽异感症患者为研究组,健康体检者40例为对照组。分别用焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA）、抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton depression scale,HAMD）进行症状量化评分检查,将两组量表得分进行比较。按性别以及患病时间进行分组,组间量表得分进行比较。结果 研究组量表评分均高于对照组,研究组SAS总分、HAMA平均秩次、SDS总分、HAMD平均秩次分别为47.5±12.7、65.28、48.2±9.5、58.09;对照组相应量表评分分别为31.6±4.6、20.78、32.7±4.6、29.76,差异均具有显著性（P均〈0.05）。不同性别咽异感症之间量表评分差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。按患病时间不同分组,病程5年以下组与病程5～10年组、病程10年以上组SAS、HAMA、SDS、HAMD总分差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论咽异感症患者中精神焦虑及抑郁症状发生率较健康者高,应重视患者的心理情况,尤其是病程较久的患者中精神焦虑及抑郁症状发生更严重;咽异感症患者焦虑、抑郁症状评分结果 与性别无关。     

病毒感染后嗅觉障碍和慢性鼻窦炎伴嗅觉障碍患者的焦虑抑郁状态及影响因素分析

目的　观察病毒感染后嗅觉障碍（postviral olfactory dysfunction,PVOD）患者和慢性鼻窦炎（CRS）伴嗅觉障碍患者的情绪障碍状况,比较这两种疾病导致的嗅觉障碍引起的患者情绪障碍是否有差异及相关影响因素。方法　自2020年11月～2021年8月在中日友好医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,对门诊的PVOD患者（n=20）和住院的CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者（n=43）进行研究。收集患者的年龄、性别、病程、发病方式等人口学和临床资料,采用鼻腔鼻窦结局测试-22（sino-nasal outcome test-22,SNOT-22）、T&T嗅觉功能测试、Zung焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）和Zung抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）分别评估患者的鼻部症状、嗅觉功能、焦虑和抑郁状态。结果　PVOD患者的平均SNOT-22评分、嗅觉察觉阈及嗅觉识别阈分值均低于CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者（17.64±6.42 vs 30.42±12.08、1.58±3.42 vs 3.40±3.52和3.58±3.07 vs 2.16±3.51）（P 均<0.05）,但PVOD患者焦虑抑郁状态的百分比、SAS评分和SDS评分均高于CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者（45% vs 14%、49.83±6.59 vs 43.97±4.50、52.21±7.83 vs 46.40±9.50）（P 均<0.05）。PVOD和CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者出现轻度焦虑的百分比分别为45.0%和11.63%,轻度抑郁分别 为20%和11.63%,中度抑郁百分比分别为20%和2.33%,焦虑且抑郁分别为30%和2.33%。PVOD患者中多数患者病程＜3个月（75%）、多为突然发病（85%）、鼻腔通气情况多为良好（85%）,而CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者中多数患者病程＞24个月（65.1%）、发病方式多为缓慢发病（76.7%）、鼻腔通气情况多数为差（69.8%）;PVOD患者SNOT-22评分与SDS评分呈正相关（P <0.05）,与SAS评分无显著相关性,CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者SNOT-22评分与SAS、SDS评分均呈正相关（P <0.05）,两种疾病与T&T评分、性别、发病方式及鼻部通气情况均无显著相关性。将PVOD和CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者（n=63）汇集在一起进行Logistic多元回归分析发现嗅觉障碍病程与SAS和SDS评分均呈负相关（P <0.05）;SNOT-22评分与SAS和SDS评分均呈正相关（P <0.01）;年龄与SAS评分呈正相关（P <0.05）,与SDS无显著相关性。结论　相较于CRS伴嗅觉障碍患者,PVOD患者SAS、SDS评分以及 出现焦虑抑郁状态百分比更高,病程、年龄和SNOT-22评分可能会影响嗅觉障碍患者的焦虑抑郁状态。     

老年非变应性鼻炎患者焦虑抑郁状态分析与生活质量评估

目的 研究老年非变应性鼻炎(non-allergic rhinitis,NAR)患者的焦虑抑郁状况及生活质量.方法 病例组为老年NAR患者82例,选择同期健康老年人75名为对照组.病例组在治疗前后以及对照组均采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rati...     

鼻中隔缝合技术对鼻中隔成形术后患者精神心理状态及生活质量的影响

目的　通过对比鼻中隔成形术后鼻中隔缝合和鼻腔填塞对患者精神心理状态及生活质量的影响，探讨鼻中隔缝合技术的临床价值。方法　选取96例鼻中隔成形术患者，随机分成缝合组和填塞组，每组48例。采用抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale，SDS）和焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale，SAS）对两组患者术后24 h调查评分，评估患者精神心理状态。比较两组患者术后24 h主观不适症状的视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分，并观察术后2个月内两组患者鼻中隔穿孔、鼻中隔血肿、鼻腔粘连及局部感染等情况。结果　术后24 h缝合组患者SDS、SAS评分均小于填塞组，缝合组患者抑郁及焦虑的发生率均明显小于填塞组（P 均<0.05）。两组患者在鼻部疼痛、头痛、鼻塞、吞咽困难、睡眠困难、咽干等六个方面VAS评分有统计学差异（P 均<0.05），在出血及术后并发症方面两组均无统计学差异（P 均>0.05）。鼻腔填塞组患者较缝合组更易出现焦虑、抑郁的精神心理状态及主观不适症状。结论　鼻中隔成形术后鼻中隔缝合技术的应用在并发症的发生率上并无增高，而在改善患者精神心理状态及生活质量具有明显优势，值得临床应用。     

三线减张鼻中隔成形术患者围手术期心理状态评估

目的　观察鼻中隔偏曲患者的心理学特点，分析三线减张鼻中隔成形术前后心理学变化。方法　采用心理症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90，SCL-90）、焦虑 自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale，SAS）和抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale，SDS）对2016年9月～2017年9月北京同仁医院139例鼻中隔偏曲患者进行评估，与我国标准常模进行对比，并观察术后心理学变化。用SPSS20.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果　鼻中隔偏曲患者中，心理健康者占81%，心理受损轻度及以上占19%。患者SCL-90量表在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑以及精神症状上得分高于常模，差异具有统计学意义（t 分别为6.270、3.655、2.083、4.082、4.218，P 均＜0.05）。患者的SAS、SDS评分高于常模，差异具有统计学意义（t 分别为9.75、3.142，P 均＜0.01）。术后鼻中隔偏曲患者的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑明显减轻，与术前差异具有统计学意义（t 分别为2.171、3.49、2.934，P 均＜0.05）。术后鼻中隔偏曲患者SDS、SAS评分明显降低，与术前差异具有统计学意义（t 分别为6.287、9.378，P 均＜0.01）。结论　部分鼻中隔偏曲患者的心理健康程度低于国内常模，存在明显抑郁、焦虑症状，三线减张鼻中隔成形术可缓解部分患者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑症状。     

授权赋能教育对甲状腺癌手术患者自我效能及生活质量的影响

目的　分析授权赋能教育对甲状腺癌手术患者自我效能及生活质量的影响。方法　选取2019年1月~2020年1月在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院行择期手术治疗的甲状腺癌患者200例,对照组采用常规健康教育干预,观察组加用授权赋能教育,采用焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）,抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale, SDS）,一般自我效能感量表（general self-efficacy scale,GSES）,多维疲劳量表（the multidimensional fatigue inventor y-20,MFI-20）及癌症患者生活质量测定量表（European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30,EORTCQLQ-C30）评定患者自我效能水平和生活质量的变化。结果  入院时观察组和对照组各项量表评分均无统计学差异（P 均>0.05）;出院4周观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组（P 均<0.05）,GSES评分高于对照组（P <0.05）;出院3个月,观察组体力疲劳、脑力疲劳评分低于对照组（P 均<0.05）,动力下降、活动减少评分高于对照组（P 均<0.05）;观察组功能、症状、单一条目及总体健康维度评分均高于对照组（P 均<0.05）。结论　对甲状腺癌手术患者采用授权赋能教育可纠正患者负面情绪,提升其自我效能及生活质量,减轻其疲劳程度。     

Parent perceptions of the impact of stuttering on their preschoolers and themselves

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are advised to consider the distress of preschoolers and parents along with the social consequences of the child's stuttering when deciding whether to begin or delay treatment. Seventy-seven parents completed a survey that yielded quantitative and qualitative data that reflected their perceptions of the impact of stuttering on their children and themselves. Sixty-nine (89.6%) parents reported between 1 and 13 types of negative impact (modal = 2). The most frequently reported reactions of children were frustration associated with their stuttering, withdrawal, reduced or changed verbal output, making comments about their inability to talk, and avoidances. The most frequently reported peer reaction was teasing (27.3%). Seventy parents (90.9%) reported that they were affected by their child's stuttering. Their most frequently reported reactions were worry/anxiety/concern, uncertainty about what to do, frustration, upset (parent term), self-blame (fear that they had caused the stuttering), taking time to listen, waiting for the child to finish talking, modifying their own speech, and asking the child to modify speech. Findings support calls for SLPs to consider the distress of preschool children and their parents and the social consequences of the children's stuttering when making the decision to begin or delay treatment.Learning outcomes: Readers will be able to describe parents’ perceptions of the impact of stuttering on their children and themselves. In particular, readers will learn about (1) parents’ perceptions of young children's awareness and reactions to their stuttering, (2) parents’ perceptions of the social consequences of stuttering for young children; and (2) the emotional effect of stuttering on parents.     

Cognitive behavioral therapy for functional dysphonia: a pilot study

OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate whether a brief period of training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can improve the treatment of functional dysphonia by a speech and language therapist and ameliorate the psychological distress associated with this condition. METHODS: In a consecutive cohort design, a speech and language therapist treated a small cohort (n = 15) of dysphonic patients with voice therapy alone. After a brief period of CBT training, she treated the next cohort of dysphonic patients (n = 13) with CBT-enhanced voice therapy. Pretreatment and posttreatment measures were taken of voice quality and voice-related quality of life. The General Health Questionnaire 28 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to assess psychological distress and general well-being. RESULTS: All voice measures improved significantly in both cohorts. Both groups improved significantly on the General Health Questionnaire 28, with the CBT group improving significantly more than the control group. Only the CBT group improved significantly on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (depression subscale). CONCLUSIONS: Despite limitations of size, design, and between-group baseline differences, the results support the hypothesis that the addition of CBT skills to existing voice therapy is both feasible and clinically effective in the treatment of functional dysphonia.     

An investigation into the relationship between anxiety and stuttering

The relationship between self-reported anxiety and stuttering was explored. Although previous research has mostly shown that persons who stutter are no more anxious than persons who do not stutter, many of these studies had inadequate power to detect significant differences. In this study, a large number of stutters were assessed on state and trait anxiety before, and on trait anxiety after, intensive behavioral treatment. Their levels of anxiety were compared to those of nonstuttering controls matched for gender, age, and occupational status. Results showed that persons who stutter had significantly higher levels of fear (state anxiety) in a demanding speech situation. They were also shown to have higher levels of chronic anxiety (trait anxiety) than matched controls. However, trait anxiety measured after treatment was within normal levels. Although not allowing the conclusion that anxiety causes stuttering, these results do have important implications for the management of the disorder.     

功能性发声障碍患者嗓音及心理状态评估分析

目的 通过对功能性发声障碍患者进行嗓音和心理状态评估,探讨其在功能性发声障碍诊疗中的临床意义。 方法 选取72例功能性发声障碍患者(实验组)和无嗓音障碍的正常人(对照组)40例。其中功能性发声障碍组中功能增强型发声障碍 50 例,功能减弱型发声障碍22例。所有患者均进行计算机嗓音评估、GRBAS评估、嗓音障碍指数量表(VHI)、动态喉镜检查、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估,对比两组之间各项指标评估结果。 结果 实验组GRBAS评分为(1.92±1.03)分,VHI自评分为(58.43±23.17)分,频闪喉镜检查实验组声带闭合、黏膜波、对称性及周期性评分与对照组差异均有统计学意义;计算机嗓音评估中,实验组频率微扰、振幅微扰及最长声时与对照组差异有统计学意义;SAS评分及SDS评分实验组与对照组差异有统计学意义。 结论 完善的嗓音和心理状态评估对功能性发声障碍患者的诊治具有重要的指导意义。     

Quality of life in adults who stutter

Although persistent developmental stuttering is known to affect daily living, just how great the impact is remains unclear. Furthermore, little is known about the underlying mechanisms which lead to a diminished quality of life (QoL). The primary objective of this study is to explore to what extent QoL is impaired in adults who stutter (AWS). In addition, this study aims to identify determinants of QoL in AWS by testing relationships between stuttering severity, coping, functioning and QoL and by testing for differences in variable scores between two AWS subgroups: receiving therapy versus not receiving therapy. A total of 91 AWS filled in several questionnaires to assess their stuttering severity, daily functioning, coping style and QoL. The QoL instruments used were the Health Utility Index 3 (HUI3) and the EuroQoL EQ-5D and EQ-VAS. The results indicated that moderate to severe stuttering has a negative impact on overall quality of life; HUI3 derived QoL values varied from .91 (for mild stuttering) to .73 (for severe stuttering). The domains of functioning that were predominantly affected were the individual's speech, emotion, cognition and pain as measured by the HUI3 and daily activities and anxiety/depression as measured by the EQ-5D. AWS in the therapy group rated their stuttering as more severe and recorded more problems on the HUI3 speech domain than AWS in the non-therapy group. The EQ-VAS was the only instrument that showed a significant difference in overall QoL between groups. Finally, it was found that the relationship between stuttering severity and QoL was influenced by the individual's coping style (emotion-oriented and task-oriented). These findings highlight the need for further research into stuttering in relation to QoL, and for a broader perspective on the diagnosis and treatment of stuttering, which would take into consideration quality of life and its determinants.     

Is listener comfort a viable construct in stuttering research?

This article reports the development of a tool for measuring how comfortable a person feels when communicating with someone who has undergone treatment for stuttering. The person rates the speaker on a 9-point Listener Comfort Scale (9 = extremely comfortable, 1 = extremely uncomfortable). In a preliminary investigation of the reliability and validity of the scale, 15 unsophisticated listeners rated video recordings of 10 adults before and after a prolonged-speech treatment for stuttering and of 10 matched controls. The results were compared with those of another 15 listeners who rated the same recordings with the widely used 9-point Speech Naturalness Scale (R. R. Martin, S. K. Haroldson, & K. A. Triden, 1984). Results showed that reliability of the Speech Naturalness Scale was superior to the Listener Comfort Scale, although users of both scales were able to distinguish between pretreatment speech, posttreatment speech, and the speech of controls. The results suggest that the Listener Comfort Scale captures information that is somewhat different than the information captured by the Speech Naturalness Scale. The authors concluded that the concept of listener comfort is a potentially useful additional way of investigating the social validity of behavioral treatments for stuttering.     

Plan of therapy and rehabilitation in stuttering patients

The aim of the paper is to present the program of therapy and rehabilitation in stuttering patients based of the digital speech aid. The device has been applied to 130 patients aged 6-47 y.o. 85% of the patients had statistically significant instant improvement of speech fluency after application of digital speech aid. After completing diagnostic process, the patients were enrolled for the rehabilitation program which comprised of training with the use of speech aid, speech therapy, psychotherapy, audio-psycho-linguistic stimulation with the use of the Tomatis Method, physiotherapy, relaxation exercises, phoniatric rehabilitation and medical therapy. After 6 months of therapy and rehabilitation a statistically significant improvement of speech fluency was found in 124 patients, i.e. in 96%. The therapeutic programme based on the use of digital speech aid proves effective for majority of stuttering patients.     

Effects of stuttering severity and therapy involvement on role entrapment of people who stutter

The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether a group of university students would report role entrapment of people who stutter (PWS) in the form of occupational stereotyping. The study also examined whether severity of stuttering (mild or severe) and level of therapy involvement (choosing or not choosing to attend therapy) affected the perceptions of role entrapment. To examine these issues, 260 students completed the Vocational Advice Scale (VAS) [Gabel, R. M., Blood, G. W., Tellis, G., & Althouse, M. T. (2004). Measuring role entrapment of people who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 29, 27-49]. Results suggested that stuttering severity and the level of therapy involvement did not appear alter the judges' reports for all of the careers except for the career of speech therapist. For the career of speech therapist, therapy involvement improved the participants' reports and stuttering severity had no effect. Additionally, findings suggested that university students reported that 16 of the careers listed on the VAS were appropriate choices for people who stutter and were less certain about advising for 27 of the careers. Thus, the findings from this study do not support the notion that stuttering leads to role entrapment in the form vocational stereotyping and variations in therapy involvement or stuttering severity do not change perceptions of role entrapment. LEARNER OUTCOMES: The reader will be able to (1) identify common stereotypes of PWS, (2) describe the possible effects of stereotyping and role entrapment, and (3) describe the effects of severity and therapy involvement of role entrapment of PWS.     

虚拟现实技术对运动性失语患者的治疗作用

目的探讨虚拟现实技术对脑卒中后运动性失语患者语言功能的治疗作用。方法选取脑卒中后运动性失语患者18例,随机分为观察组与对照组。观察组给予常规语言训练、虚拟现实技术(virtual reality,VR)训练各20 min/天,两种训练间休息5 min;对照组给予常规语言训练40 min/天。两组患者训练5天/周,共4周。训练前后采用汉语标准失语症检查(Chinese rehabilitation research center standard aphasia examination,CRRCAE)进行语言能力评估;采用波士顿诊断性失语症检查(the boston diagnostic aphasia examination,BDAE)评定失语症严重程度。结果训练后,两组患者失语症严重程度均有显著改善(P<0.05),观察组改善程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05);患者听理解、复述、表达、出声读、阅读、抄写、描写、听写能力均显著提高(P<0.05);观察组患者名词复述、句子复述、名词表达、动词表达、句子表达、漫画表达、列举、动词出声读、动词阅读、句子阅读、名词抄写、句子抄写、动词描写等语言能力极显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论虚拟现实技术结合语言功能训练比单纯语言功能训练能够改善运动性失语患者的语言能力。     

突发性聋患者的状态-特质焦虑与行为状况的相关性分析

目的　探讨突发性聋患者的状态-特质焦虑与行为状况的相关性。方法　2015年4月～2016年6月选择在我院耳鼻咽喉科住院治疗的突发性聋患者140例为观察组,同期选择在我院进行体检的健康志愿者140例为对照组,两组都进行一般资料、状态-特质焦虑、生活质量和行为状况调查,同时进行相关性分析。结果　观察组状态-特质焦虑评分（51.20±4.19）分,对照组（34.40±3.49）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义,观察组明显高于对照组（t =12.949,P＜0.05）。观察组的躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、敌对、抑郁评分显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组解决问题与求助评分明显低于对照组,而幻想与自责评分明显高于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Person相关分析显示观察组状态-特质焦虑评分与生活质量各维度、幻想、自责评分呈明显正相关性（P <0.05）,而与解决问题、求助评分呈明显负相关性（P＜0.05）。结论　突发性聋患者多伴有状态-特质焦虑状况与幻想、自责等不良行为,严重影响患者生活质量,且能形成恶性循环,在临床上要加强针对性护理干预。