Steroid hormones modulate lipid spectrum in lysosomal membranes of skin fibroblasts

It is shown that estradiol and hydrocortisone modulate lipid composition and affect lipidprotein interaction in fibroblast lysosome membranes, which can promote enzyme release from lysosomes. These effects are particular mechanisms of hormone regulation of functional lysosome activity in the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 165–167, February, 1998     

Effects of hormones on phospholipase A2 activity in rat skin

We studied the effects of hydrocortisone, progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone on phospholipase A₂ activity in plasma and lysosomal membranes of rat dermis and epidermis. The dermal enzyme was more sensitive to estradiol, while epidermal to testosterone. The effects of progesterone and hydrocortisone were mediated by lipocortin-like protein, while estradiol and testosterone directly by modulated phospholipase A₂ activity Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 70–72, January, 2000     

Comparative study of cardioprotective and antiradical activity of estrogens and their nitro derivatives

Cardioprotective and antiradical activities of estrogens and their nitro derivatives are compared. Antiradical activity was observed in estradiol, ethanol estradiol, and estradiol nitrate, but not in nystranol, which exhibited antiradical properties only after acid hydrolysis. The data obtained on hearts from rats with experimental myocardial infarction show that estrogens and their nitro derivatives restrict the area of myocardial infarction due to antiischemic and/or antinecrotic activities. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 408–410, October, 1999     

Effects of synthetic bis-β-chloroethylamine estrogen derivatives on proliferation of skin sarcoma cells

The effects of four new synthetic bis-β-chloroethylamine-containing estrogens and known cytostatic agents chlorophenacyl and estradiol mustard were compared on monolayer cultures of transformed L-929 fibroblasts (from murine skin sarcoma). The drugs within the concentration range of 10⁻⁵-5×10⁻⁷M inhibited proliferation of cultured cells by 67%. Chlorophenacyl displayed the least antiproliferative activity (15% inhibition at 10⁻⁵M). Steroid nucleus introduced into the molecule enhanced antiproliferative activity of test drug in comparison with chlorophenacyl, probably due to accumulation of the hormone-cytostatic molecules in cells. Estradiol had no effect on proliferative activity of L-929 cells, and no specific estrogen-binding sites were found in cultured transformed fibroblasts. The antiproliferative effect of hormone-cytostatics on this culture is not mediated via specific interactions with estrogen receptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 6, pp. 695–697, June, 2000     

A water-soluble form of estradiol with estrogenic and cardiotropic activity

It is demonstrated that a water-soluble form of estradiol (disodium salt of estradiol diphosphate), apart from having an estrogenic influence on the uterus, is effective against severe blood loss and has a cardiotropic actiity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 51–53, January, 1995 Presented by P. V. Sergeev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Sex steroid receptors in the myometrium in cesarean section

The levels of estradiol and progesterone receptors in the myometrium of 19 patients subjected to planned cesarean section were studied. Nine of these patients had competent cicatrices on the uterus, which was confirmed by preoperative studies and during the operation. For comparison, the myometrium of patients at the same terms of gestation subjected to planned abdorninal delivery without history of cesarean section was examined. No significant differences were revealed in estradiol and progesterone reception in the myometria of parturients with and without competent cicatrices on the uterus. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 5, pp. 573–575, May, 1998     

Comparative analysis of progesterone and estradiol reception in human myoma

Cytosolic and plasma membrane receptors for progesterone and estradiol are studied in myomatous nodes (MN) and in histologically unaltered myometrium (HUM) against the background of myoma. The level of cytosolic receptors for both hormones is higher in the myoma cells than in the essentially healthy myometrium. In the plasma membranes the progresterone reception is reduced and the estradiol reception is unchanged compared with HUM. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 33–34, July, 1994     

Impact of 8-isoestrone analogs on estradiol binding in uterine tissue from ovariectomized rats

8-Isoanalogs of estrone were studied for their ability to influence estradiol binding in the cytosolic fraction of uterine tissue from ovariectomized rats and for their uterotropic activity 24 h after injection into such rats. Two groups of estrone 8-isoanalogs with opposite biological effects were identified: those increasing estradiol binding in the cytosolic fraction of uterine tissue and those decreasing this binding. Uterogenic activity was exhibited by all of the compounds tested, with the exception of compound I. No correlation was found between the uterogenic activity of the isoanalogs and hormone-receptor interactions. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 2, pp. 165–167, February, 1995     

Effect of ethanol on uterotropic action of estrogens

Female rats aging 3 months at the beginning of experiments received 5 or 15% ethanol and then were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy 2 weeks before end of the experiment. During the last 11 days they were daily injected intramuscularly with 2 μg estradiol. Drinking of 5% ethanol combined with injections of estrogens induced DNA damage in the uterus detected by comet assay and abolished induction of progesterone receptors, changes in peroxidase activity, proliferation index, endometrium thickness, and other indices reflecting the hormonal effect of estradiol on the uterus. Drinking of 15% ethanol was accompanied by an increase in DNA-damaging effects of estrogens and a decrease in their hormonal uterotropic effects. It is concluded that unlike tobacco smoking, drinking of moderate ethanol concentrations modifies primarily genotoxic, but not the hormonal effect of estrogens. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 10, pp. 426–428, October, 2000     

Effects of sex hormones and antihormones on the activity of redox system enzymes of human erythrocyte glutathione

Effects of estradiol and testosterone and of the antiandrogens cyproterone acetate, niftolide, and antiestrogen tamoxifen on the activities of human erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were studiedin vitro. In contrast to hormone preperations, antihormones in high concentrations (10⁻⁴−5×10⁻⁴ M) modified the enzyme activities. Cyproterone acetate and tamoxifen increased the activity of glutathione reductase, while tamoxifen stimulated glutathione reductase and inhibited glutathione peroxidase. Niftolide inhibited both enzymes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 185–187, August, 1997     

Age dependence of skin autofluorescence

The nontryptophane intrinsic fluorescence of finger pad skin was studied in men aged 20–70 years in order to evaluate the possibility of using this parameter as a biomarker of aging. Linear correlation coefficients (r) between the fluorescence intensity and age varied from 0.50 to 0.66 for various skin sites. Age dependence of the mean value of fluorescence (F) measured on 4 fingers can be approximated by a second-degree polynomial:F=2.82−0.083T+0.0014T ² (r ₁=0.64,r ₂=0.71), whereT is chronological age in years. The proposed measurement of skin autofluorescence is a simple, noninvasive, rapid test for evaluating the aging of the skin in subjects over 40 with a high age-related determination (r ²=0.5). Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 351–353, March, 1999     

Strategy of surgical treatment of children with extensive deep burns using cultured allofibroblasts

Thirty-one children aged 1–14 years with thermal burns of the third-fourth degree on 40–85% body surface were treated using cultured human skin allofibroblasts. Combination of early surgical necrectomy with transplantation of cell culture and subsequent autodermoplasty with skin flaps with a high perforation coefficient proved to be highly effective in burned patients with deficit of donot skin. Indications for the use of this orginal method for skin repair after critical and supercritical burns are defined. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 3, pp. 333–336, March, 2000     

Two mechanisms of progesterone action on the skin (Results of biochemical analysis)

Effects of progesterone on functional activity of lysosomes and lipid peroxidation are measured in the skin of rats in relation to its dose, duration of exposure to it, and skin tissue type (epidermis and dermis). This hormone is shown to regulate both lipid peroxidation intensity and lysosomal activity. It is concluded that these two affects represent two mechanisms through which progesterone exerts its anti-inflammatory effect on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 8, pp. 173–176, August, 1996     

Contribution of the reproductive hormones to the regulation of prostaglandin F2α production by immunocompetent cells

The ability of estradiol, progesterone, and chorionic gonadotropin to influence prostaglandin F_2α production by intact splenocytes of CBA mice was studied. Estradiol and progesterone similarly activated the processes of prostaglandin F_2α production. No relationship was revealed between the effect and the concentration of the hormones. Chorionic gonadotropin activated prostaglandin production by immunocompetent cells but only when used in a concentration reflecting the peak of its physiological secretion. Combining gonadotropin with estradiol or progesterone did not lead to any appreciable differences in the prostaglandin-stimulating action of each hormone alone. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 8, pp. 178–180, August, 1995 Presented by K. P. Kashkin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Skin lipids in rats administered with melatonin

Effects of the pineal hormone melatonin on skin lipids in Wistar rats were studied by thinlayer chromatography. The reaction was shown to be delayed. Contents of total lipids and the majority of fractions increased over 24 h after administration of melatonin. Concentrations of triglycerides and phospholipids decreased, while the contents of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, and free fatty acids increased by the end of the second day. Our findings indicate that the blood and subcutaneous fat, as well as changed metabolic interrelations of skin lipids are involved in the skin response to increased melatonin concentration. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 4, pp. 463–465, April, 1999     

Development of a model system for evaluation of human endothelial cell proliferationin Vitro: Possible clinical applications

A system for evaluation of the ability of human blood serum to affect endothelial cell proliferation was developed and tested. The system based on incorporation of³H-thymidine into DNA was used to analyze the effects of hormone replacement therapy on endothelial repair and angiogenesis. Blood serum from 12 menopausal women less effectively activated endothelial proliferation compared to control donor serum. After 6-month hormone replacement therapy with Divina (a combination of estradiol and medroxyprogesterone), this index increased in seven female subjects (58.3%), but remained below the control level. The model proposed by us can be used in clinical practice and drug testing for evaluation of the influence of blood serum on vascular endothelium. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 404–407, April, 2000     

Effects of angiotensin II on DNA synthesis in the myocardium and epithelial tissues in newborn rats

The effects of angiotensin II on DNA synthesis in the myocardium and epithelial tissues of the skin and intestine were studied in 7-day-old albino rats by autoradiography. Angiotensin II significantly increase the labeling index of the nuclei and labeling intensity in myocardial cells and intensified cell proliferation in epithelial tissues. Thus, angiotensin II stimulates proliferative processes in the myocardium and epithelial tissues of the skin and intestine in newbown rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 12, pp. 643–645. December, 1998     

Dermaprotecting properties of sodium succinate under conditions of impaired circulation

Sodium succinate improves the survival of a skin graft in mice, rats, and dogs normalizes histamine and serotonin concentrations in the epidermis and blood, exhibits antitoxic activity, improves microcirculation in the skin, brain, heart, kidneys, and testes without any appreciable effect on systemic arterial pressure, cardiac function, and liver blood flow in rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 10, pp. 420–424, October, 1998     

Role of fibroblasts as the principal factor in differentiation of the epidermis

The role of fibroblasts in the differentiation of the epidermis and its relationships with other somatic cells, specifically, keratinocytes, are studied using a skin equivalent formed from various types of fibroblasts separated from thoracic skin of a healthy donor, apparently healthy skin sites and plaques from a patient with psoriasis, keloids and upper eyelid skin of a normal subject, and keratinocytes separated from the umbilical skin of a newborn. Fibroblasts are shown to be active participants in the differentiation and formation of epidermis specificity. Various types of fibroblasts form a histologically different skin equivalent possessing the specific properties of the epidermis of the skin sites from which they were isolated. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp. 80–84, January, 1996 Presented by R. V. Petrov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Dynamics of changes in skin lipids after stress: Effects of exogenous melatonin

Changes in the skin lipid composition induced by water-immersion stress in rats treated and untreated with melatonin were studied by thin-layer chromatography. Skin lipids showed a delayed reaction to stress. Melatonin exerted a protective effect which was manifested on the 2nd day after treatment in restoration of the level of total lipids and the absolute content of the majority of lipid fractions. The data suggest modification of, the metabolic relationships between skin lipids as well as lipids of the blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 5, pp. 519–522, May, 1999