尿激酶治疗急性脑梗死不同时间窗的临床观察

目的　探讨尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死不同时间窗的有效性和安全性。方法　采用开放研究方法分别对发病 0 - 3h、3- 6h入选病例静脉给予尿激酶 10 0 - 5 0 0万U ,用溶栓前后神经功能缺损积分变化评估临床疗效 ,观察急性期并发症和远期死亡率评估安全性 ,用Barthel指数评估远期疗效。结果　尿激酶溶栓治疗 2 7例 ,颅内出血并发症 7% ,远期死亡率 11% ,0 - 3h组有效率 93% ,3- 6h组 5 8%。结论　尿激酶溶栓治疗急性脑梗死有效安全 ,但不同时间窗疗效不同。     

急性脑梗死(6h)的尿激酶、降纤酶与常规治疗的临床对照研究

目的评价急性脑梗死(ACI)发病后6h尿激酶溶栓与降纤酶治疗的临床疗效。方法将96例ACI患者随机分成3组,尿激酶组、降纤酶组、对照组各32例。尿激酶组予尿激酶(UK)100~150万U溶于0·9%氯化钠溶液150ml30min静滴。降纤酶组予降纤酶10U加入0·9%氯化钠溶液150ml静滴,对照组采取常规方案治疗。评价治疗前和治疗后2h、1d、7d、14d的神经功能缺损评分及3个月、6个月随访Barthel指数评分,并比较其安全性。结果治疗后2h、1d、7d、14d时神经功能缺损评分UK组较降纤酶组、对照组改善显著,降纤酶组7d、14d时较对照组改善显著。3个月、6个月随访Barthel指数评分,尿激酶组、降纤酶组及对照组疗效间差异均有显著性意义。3组间安全性比较差异无显著性意义。结论早期ACIUK溶栓治疗起效快、作用强、效果好。降纤酶治疗也有一定疗效。只要严格掌握适应证及药物用量,两种治疗均安全可靠。     

静脉溶栓联合介入治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效观察

目的分析静脉溶栓联合介入治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法将2015年3月—2017年2月160例急性脑梗死患者根据数字随机表法随机分为两组,各80例。静脉溶栓组给予静脉溶栓治疗,联合治疗组给予静脉溶栓联合介入治疗。比较两组急性脑梗死治疗总有效率;术后3个月死亡率、症状性颅内出血发生率;干预前后患者神经功能缺损评分、Rankin修订量表(MRS)评分。结果联合治疗组急性脑梗死治疗总有效率高于静脉溶栓组(P<0.05);联合治疗组术后3个月死亡率、症状性颅内出血发生率和静脉溶栓组相近(P>0.05);干预前两组神经功能缺损评分、MRS评分相近(P>0.05);出院时联合治疗组神经功能缺损评分、MRS评分优于静脉溶栓组(P<0.05)。结论静脉溶栓联合介入治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效确切,可有效改善患者神经功能,改善患者生活质量,不增加死亡率、症状性颅内出血发生率,值得推广。     

静脉溶栓联合介入治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效观察

目的分析静脉溶栓联合介入治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法将2015年3月—2017年2月160例急性脑梗死患者根据数字随机表法随机分为两组,各80例。静脉溶栓组给予静脉溶栓治疗,联合治疗组给予静脉溶栓联合介入治疗。比较两组急性脑梗死治疗总有效率;术后3个月死亡率、症状性颅内出血发生率;干预前后患者神经功能缺损评分、Rankin修订量表(MRS)评分。结果联合治疗组急性脑梗死治疗总有效率高于静脉溶栓组(P0.05);联合治疗组术后3个月死亡率、症状性颅内出血发生率和静脉溶栓组相近(P0.05);干预前两组神经功能缺损评分、MRS评分相近(P0.05);出院时联合治疗组神经功能缺损评分、MRS评分优于静脉溶栓组(P0.05)。结论静脉溶栓联合介入治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效确切,可有效改善患者神经功能,改善患者生活质量,不增加死亡率、症状性颅内出血发生率,值得推广。     

尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死临床研究

目的　探讨大剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法　将发病时间小 于24小时的脑梗死患者分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组35例,男25例,女10例,平均年龄54.9岁±12.7岁。给予 国产尿激酶150万U静脉滴注。对照组30例,男14例,女16例,平均年龄59.7岁±11.0岁,每日仅静脉点滴脉通 500ml,连用14天。观察两组治疗前、治疗后3h、12h、24h、7d、14d、28d神经功能缺损及临床疗效。 结果 治疗组 于治疗后3h、12h、24h、7d、14d、28d神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论 尿激酶静脉溶栓治 疗急性期脑梗死安全有效。     

尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死40例临床分析

目的 探讨尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 溶栓治疗组,尿激酶10×105～15×105U加入100 mL～200mL生理盐水静脉输注,30 min～60 min滴完.对照组不应用尿激酶,其他常规治疗方法相同.结果 溶栓治疗组40例,溶栓后24h内25例即刻有不同程度的神经功能恢复,2周时溶栓治疗组中临床显效率62.50％,临床总有效率87.50％.对照组40例即刻疗效不显著,2周时临床显效率37.50％,临床总有效率60.00％ (P＜0.05).结论 早期应用尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死能使神经功能缺损明显改善,是治愈急性脑梗死及提高患者生存质量最有效的方法之一.     

尿激酶静脉溶栓与低分子肝素治疗急性脑梗死

目的 探讨尿激酶静脉溶栓在急性脑梗死治疗中的疗效。方法 选择2002年-2004年住院治疗的急性脑梗死病人60例，随机分为溶栓组与对照组各30例，对照组采用常规治疗，溶栓组采用尿激酶溶栓治疗，两组分别于治疗前及治疗后1h、6h、24h、48h测定血浆D-二聚体含量，且分别于治疗前及治疗后1d、3d、7d、21d对两组病人的神经功能缺损情况进行评分。结果 溶栓后1h血浆中D-二聚体急骤升高至峰值，维持约6h，24h后基本恢复至溶栓前水平，48h后明显下降，基本恢复正常。溶栓组治疗后1d、3d、7d、21d的神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 应用尿激酶在治疗时间窗内进行静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死是一种有效的治疗方法。     

超选择性动脉溶栓和静脉溶栓治疗老年急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的观察超选择性动脉溶栓治疗颈内动脉系统老年急性脑梗死(acute ischemic infarction,ACI)的效果,评价发病3~6 h内动脉溶栓和发病3 h内静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析33例发病6 h内的老年急性脑梗死患者的临床资料,其中动脉溶栓组(发病3~6 h内)18例患者给予尿激酶动脉溶栓治疗,静脉溶栓组(发病3 h内)15例患者给予尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗。对比分析两组患者治疗前和治疗后3 h、24 h、14 d的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,治疗前及治疗后7 d和90 d的Barthel(BI)评分,并观察不良反应。结果两组患者治疗后3 h、24 h、14 d的NIHSS评分和治疗后7 d、90 d的BI指数评分均较治疗前改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组间比较各时间点NIHSS评分和BI评分及不良反应发生率无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论动脉溶栓治疗老年急性脑梗死的近期疗效和远期预后均与静脉溶栓治疗相当。     

动脉溶栓与静脉溶栓对急性脑梗死疗效的探讨

目的观察动脉溶栓与静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死（ACI）的疗效和安全性。方法对56例ACI患者随机分为两组：动脉溶栓组28例脑梗死患者采用颈动脉穿刺推注尿激酶50～75万U溶栓治疗,静脉溶栓组28例脑梗死患者静脉滴注尿激酶100～150万U溶栓治疗。分别于溶栓前、后3h、24h、3d、14d行神经功能缺损评分及凝血酶原时间（PT）、部分凝血酶原时间（APPT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）。溶栓后24h复查头颅CT。结果动脉溶栓组溶栓后3h、24h、3dESS评分均明显高于静脉溶栓组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。动脉溶栓组总有效率为96％,致残率为4％。静脉溶栓组总有效率为89％,致残率为11％;两组14d时疗效间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但静脉溶栓组致残率明显高于动脉溶栓组（P〈0．05）。两组溶栓后3h、24h、3d时PT、APTT、FIB间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论动、静脉溶栓治疗ACI均有较好的疗效和安全性。动脉溶栓显著改善神经功能缺损症状,减轻残疾,早期疗效优于静脉溶栓组。     

颈动脉穿刺与经静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察颈动脉穿刺与经静脉尿激酶溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法 70例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组,对照组给予常规静脉溶栓治疗,治疗组采用颈动脉穿刺注射尿激酶50万u溶栓治疗,分别对治疗前后患者神经功能缺损程度进行评定,观察治疗前后两组临床总有效率与显效率。结果治疗组临床总有效率、显效率明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01和P<0.05)。结论经颈动脉穿刺尿激酶溶栓治疗急性脑梗死安全,有效。     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.