老年人根面龋相关危险因素的研究进展

根面龋是老年人口腔常见疾病之一，具有患病率高、发病位置隐匿、治疗难度大、预后差等特点，常引发牙髓根尖周疾病及牙折，严重危害老年人口腔健康。因此，研究根面龋的危险因素及其作用机制，降低根面龋患病率对维护老年人口腔健康至关重要。文章将从全身健康状况、行为因素、口腔健康状况三方面就老年人根面龋的危险因素研究进展做一综述。     

1091名老年人根面龋流行病调查分析

１０９１名老年人根面龋流行病调查分析江苏省常州市口腔医院（９６１６００）吴士美老年人龋病易发于牙根面，本文就调查１０９１名老年人根面龋的发病情况，从流行病角度，对老年人根面龋的发病因素、特点、防治作初步分析与探讨。调查资料１．６０岁以上老年人根面龋发...     

广州市513名老年人根面龋流行状况及危险因素分析

目的 探讨广州市老年人群根面龋的患病情况以及危险因素,为老年人根面龋的预防提供参考信息.方法 选取广州市岭海老年大学海珠分校为调查点,采用招募志愿者的方法,为该校65~74岁的在读学员513名进行口腔健康检查及问卷调查.结果 广州市513名老年人根面龋患病率为65.7%,龋均为2.19±1.92.男性68.8%,龋均为2.34±2.01;女性62.7%,龋均为1.98±1.75.患龋率在性别间差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.105,P=0.147),龋均在性别间差异有统计学意义(t=1.96,P=0.03).Logistic回归分析结果显示:食物嵌塞(P=0.016)及口干症状(P<0.001)为老年人根面龋患病的影响因素.结论 加强口腔健康教育,形成良好口腔健康行为,有助于预防老年人根面龋的发生.     

深圳福田社区老年人根面龋干预模式研究

目的:探究分析深圳市福田区益田社区老年人根面龋的干预效果。方法:2013年1月~2015年1月从福田区益田社区随机选取65岁以上老年人100例,分为干预组(n=50)和对照组(n=50),利用社康中心每年为65岁以上老年人进行一次健康体检,开展基线调查,掌握老年人根面龋情况,并进行风险评估。干预组采用健康教育联合根面涂玻璃离子保护膜为核心的综合干预,对照组不采取任何干预,随访18个月,观察两组老年人的根面龋防治效果。结果:嗜好甜食、睡前刷牙习惯以及刷牙频率等因素是影响老年人根面龋发生的关键因素,干预组老年人根面龋防治成功率(92.0%)显著高于对照组(64.0%),两组比较具有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:健康教育联合根面涂玻璃离子保护膜干预能够有效提高社区老年人根面龋的防治效果,针对老年人根面龋发生的影响因素,应指导老年人注意日常生活习惯的改善,加强健康教育指导,同时采取根面涂玻璃离子保护膜的防护措施,最大程度上降低老年根面龋发生率。     

老年根面龋临床初步分析

目的:分析老年人根面龋发病的危险因素,为根面龋防治选择最佳方法.方法:对门诊老年人根面龋患者的临床资料进行分析.结果:牙龈萎缩、菌斑指数、年龄、吃甜食习惯与根面龋有关,随年龄增大而根龋增加且多发于下颌磨牙、前磨牙,以近远中面为好发牙面.结论:牙龈萎缩、菌斑指数、年龄是根龋发生的危险因素.防治老年根面龋应消除各种致病因素,早期防治,以保护天然牙列的完整性.     

2005年广东省成年人恒牙根龋病抽样调查报告

目的 了解广东省35～44岁、 65～74岁人群恒牙根面龋病状况,为广东省口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持.方法 采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取广东省35～44岁、 65～74岁城乡常住人口各720人,男女各半.按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》中临床检查牙列状况的检查方法和标准,使用CPI探针检查全口恒牙根面龋病情况.数据采用SAS 8.1软件统计,计算出患龋率、龋均.结果 35～44岁组根面患龋率为31.53%、龋均为0.68;残根率为22.92%.65～74岁组根面患龋率为64.03%、龋均为2.67;残根率为52.64%.患龋率和龋均均为女性高于男性,农村高于城市.结论 广东省成年人受根面龋病患病率高,涉及面广,特别是老年人根面龋病增加迅速,大部分根面龋齿未得到治疗.     

根龋的牙位与根面易感性分析

根面龋（Root Caries）是中老年人常见的牙齿疾患，随着人口的老龄化，龋患逐年上升，直接危害中老年人的口腔健康。国内外文献报道根面患龋率为10～85％。2005年1月～4月我科对唐山市40岁以上中老年人根龋现况进行调查．发现根龋的发生与牙位、根面有一定的关系，提示口腔临床医师注意检查根龋好发的牙位与根面，并为中老年人根龋的防治提供科学客观的依据。     

老年根面龋的部分相关因素研究

老年根面龋的部分相关因素研究方碧松李雨琴韩淑英根面龋是老年人常见的口腔疾患。随着人口的老龄化，根面龋的问题已越来越严重。我们调查了一组老年人根面龋的患病情况，并对部分相关因素进行分析，以期对老年根面龋的预防提供一些依据。１材料和方法：２２１例北京外...     

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目的调查辽宁省老年人根面龋的发病情况,探讨有效预防老年人根面龋病的方法和措施。方法对辽宁省城、乡65～74岁年龄组的792名老年人进行了口腔健康调查。采用SPSS13.0统计软件包完成数据的统计处理。结果全省城、乡65～74岁年龄组老年人的患龋率为18.69%,而根面龋的全部充填率仅为0.51%。根面龋龋均为0.36。结论根面龋是老年人常见的口腔疾患。提高老年人口腔根面龋治愈率的首要环节是加强老年人的口腔保健意识。     

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目的    分析辽宁省老年人群口腔健康状况,为制定适合于辽宁省老年人群的口腔预防保健规划提供基础资料。方法    2005年9月至2006年9月采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,从沈阳市、锦州市、瓦房店市和辽中县、义县、灯塔地区分别随机抽取132名65～74岁长住居民作为调查对象,男女各半,共792人。所有调查对象均进行根面龋的口腔临床检查。再随机抽取50%的老年人进行口腔相关行为的问卷调查,采取面对面询问并记录的方式,回收有效问卷396份,并对问卷调查数据进行统计分析。结果    辽宁省65～74岁年龄组受调查者中,患根面龋148人,患龋率为18.69%,龋均为0.36,根面龋充填率仅为2.7%。辽宁省65～74岁年龄组城市老年人群根面龋的患病率为19.95%,龋均为0.40;农村地区的根面龋患病率为17.42%,龋均为0.32。二者间患龋率和龋均差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。城市老年人根面龋的充填率为1.27%,农村地区为4.35%,差异亦无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。受调查者中男性根面龋的患病率为16.67%,龋均为0.34;女性根面龋患病率为20.71%,龋均为0.39。男、女间患龋率和龋均差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。男性根面龋的充填率为1.52%,女性为3.66%,差异亦无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。回归分析显示,吸烟情况（β =-1.58）、含糖食品摄入量（β =0.46）、刷牙频率（β =0.53）、牙膏种类选择（β =0.37）、看牙费用支付途径（β =0.67）这5种因素对于辽宁省老年人群根面龋的发生都有显著影响（P < 0.05）。结论    目前辽宁省口腔卫生保健工作仍存在许多缺陷和不足之处,根面龋还没有引起人们的足够重视。     

Prevalence of root caries in a selected population of older adults in Japan

In this study, the prevalence of root caries in a sample of Japanese elders was investigated along with various aetiological factors. Two hundred and eighty-seven independently living elderly people over the age of 60 years were examined for the prevalence of active, inactive, and filled root lesions as well as the number of teeth. General health, oral status and brushing habits were surveyed, and salivary flow was determined in terms of flow rate and subjective feeling of dry mouth during eating. About 39% of the subjects had one or more decayed roots and 53.3% had at least one decayed or filled lesion. Root caries was seen most frequently on canine teeth followed by the first premolar. The number of decayed or filled lesions increased with increasing number of residual teeth (Kruskal-Wallis test, P = 0.033), however, there was no association between the proportion of teeth with root decay and the number of teeth. For subjects with 20 or more teeth, the number of decayed roots is likely to be lower in subjects who reported brushing frequently (P = 0.058), and higher in subjects with low salivary flow (P = 0.059) or subjective feeling of dry mouth (P = 0.052) (Chi-squared). The presence of decayed lesions is likely to be related to dry mouth (P = 0.057, odds ratio 3.13) and brushing frequency (P = 0.088, odds ratio 1.76) (Multiple logistic regression analysis). The results indicate a high frequency of root surface caries in this Japanese community-dwelling older population. Oral hygiene status and low salivary flow or perceived dry mouth were potential risk factors for disease.     

Social relations as determinants of oral health among persons over the age of 80 years

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether social relations during a 7-year follow-up influence oral health among generally healthy, community-dwelling persons over the age of 80 years. METHOD: The present investigation is based on a subsample of 129 dentate community-dwelling individuals from The Kungsholmen Elders Oral Health Study (KEOHS), which included data from interviews and oral examinations. Social relations were measured in terms of marital status, living alone, frequency of contacts, number of confidants, and satisfaction with social contacts and with the frequency of contacts. Oral health was measured in terms of coronal caries and root caries. RESULTS: The primary findings of the adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis were that persons who lived alone or who became alone during the 7 years prior to the dental examination had greater odds of having coronal caries (odds ratio (OR): 2.4, 95% CI: 1.0-5.7) than those who continually lived with others, and that persons who were continuously dissatisfied with the frequency of their social contacts were more likely to have root caries than those who reported a sustained satisfaction with the frequency of their social contacts (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.2-7.2). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that social relations are related to the oral health status of old-old individuals. From a psychosocial perspective, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the background of oral health status in older adults.     

杭州市区12岁儿童患龋状况5年观察及影响因素分析

目的调查(五年间)杭州市区12岁组儿童患龋状况并分析其影响因素。方法问卷调查结合纵向观察2002年至2006年杭州城区35所小学中13306名12岁儿童的患龋状况,采用logistic回归分析患龋状况与影响因素之间的关系。结果2002年至2006年五年间杭州市城区12岁儿童患龋率和龋均呈逐年下降趋势;每天刷牙2次以上与龋齿发生呈负相关;睡前吃零食与龋齿发生呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论深入学校开展口腔健康检查和龋病防治宣教使杭州市城区12岁儿童患龋状况呈逐年下降趋势。     

The strength of two indicators of social position on oral health among persons over the age of 80 years

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study is to analyze how two dimensions of social position, education and social class, are associated with oral health among generally healthy, community-dwelling persons over the age of 80 years. METHODS: The present investigation is based on a sample of 157 community-dwelling individuals from The Kungsholmen Elders Oral Health Study (KEOHS) and included data from interviews and oral examinations. Social position was measured by education and social class. Oral health was measured by active coronal caries, active root caries, edentulism and use of dental services. RESULTS: The primary findings of the adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis were that, compared to persons who had been in higher positions, persons who had been blue-collar/ white-collar workers had significantly greater odds of having coronal caries and high, but nonsignificant odds of being edentulous. Further, persons with elementary/ medium education tended to forego regular dental services more than persons with high education. CONCLUSION: The study identified social inequalities in oral health even in a population of independently living, generally healthy very old Swedes and in a country where the public health policies have tried to minimize these inequalities.     

门诊患者根面龋危险因素的Logistic回归分析

目的：探讨引起门诊口腔患者根面龋的危险因素。方法：对根面龋危险因素作出相关性的分析。应用Logistic回归分析方法研究根面龋与危险因素之间的数量关系。结果：牙龈退缩、菌斑指数、放疗指数与年龄是根面龋产生的危险因素。根面龋的发病情况用Logistic回归分析计算结果判别的总正确率为93．24％。结论：牙龈退缩、口腔卫生、放疗与年龄是导致根面龋的危险因素。     

The Distribution of Root Caries in Community-dwelling Elders in New England

An in-home examination of a probability sample of elders aged 70 and older living in the six New England states was conducted to estimate the prevalence and extent of root caries. Oral examinations were conducted by the visual-tactile method using a portable lamp, explorer, and a mouth mirror. Fifty-two percent of the study participants showed root caries experience and 22 percent had untreated root caries. In contrast to previous studies, this analysis showed that buccal root surfaces were no more likely than proximal surfaces to be affected by root caries. Logistic regression analysis showed that gingival recession and number of teeth were positively associated with root caries, while better oral hygiene maintenance and regular dental visits were negatively associated with root caries lesions (all factors: P <.05). The prevalence of root caries was found to increase with higher numbers of teeth except for a minority subgroup— i.e., those who retained 25 or more teeth. This study provides much-needed data on prevalence and extent of root caries in a probability sample of the oldest old in an entire region of the United States.     

东莞市12岁儿童龋病现状及其行为影响因素分析

目的:研究东莞市城乡12岁儿童恒牙龋病现状及其行为影响因素,分析两者之间的关系,为东莞市儿童口腔卫生保健工作提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段、分层、整群、随机抽样的方法,抽取东莞市12岁城乡常住人口604人,检查全口恒牙龋病的患病状况并用问卷调查的方式收集全部受检儿童口腔健康行为等相关因素。结果:东莞市12岁儿童患龋率和龋均分别是40.89%和1.47。Logistic回归分析显示:口腔保健知识掌握越多的儿童其患龋率越低,食用水果的频率越高,儿童患龋率也相应增加。结论:东莞市12岁儿童患龋水平较高,口腔卫生行为较差,口腔保健知识掌握情况是致龋最为重要的影响因素,食用水果的频率是危险因素。     

The value of a baseline caries risk assessment model in the primary dentition for the prediction of caries incidence in the permanent dentition.

To establish a reliable screening method for caries prediction and to identify predominant risk factors, this study tested whether a cross-sectional caries risk model assessed at age 7 could be used to predict future caries onset in the permanent first molars at age 10 in 3,303 children born in 1989. As prediction variables, assessing the believed risk, baseline data at age 7 on oral health status, oral hygiene level, oral health behaviour and sociodemographic factors were used. The real risk, based on data collected for the first permanent molars during the follow-up, was assessed by different approaches. Cumulative incidence during the 3-year observation period was 31.6%, ranging from 22.4% in the believed low-risk group to 43.2% in the believed high-risk group. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed with net caries increment as outcome measure, adjusted for the real time at risk, using eruption times. Baseline dmfs and occlusal and buccal plaque indices were highly significant for having a high caries increment in permanent first molars with respective odds ratios of 1.07, 1.43 and 1.35. Brushing less than once a day and the daily use of sugar-containing drinks between meals were confirmed as risk factors (OR 2.43 and 1.25, respectively). The logistic regression analysis provided a sensitivity of 59-66% and a specificity of 65.7-72.8%, which indicates that the risk marker did not have an important predictive power. None of the socio-demographic and behavioural variables had enough predictive power at community level to be useful for identifying caries susceptible children. Even the power of dmfs at baseline must be considered modest.     

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??Objective    To investigate the oral health status of 6??20-year old visually impaired students in Shenyang and analyze the risk factors of caries. Methods    Oral health status??oral health knowledge and related behavioral habits of 103 students were surveyed by questionaires. The risk factors of caries were analyzed through logistic regression analysis. Results    Caries prevalence rate was 78.64%??and the total mean DMFT was 2.43 ± 2.75. The rate of gingival bleeding and dental calculus was 44.66% and 67.96% respectively. Malocclusion rate was 49.51%. Female students had significantly higher dental caries experience than the male ones??P??0.05??. Logistic regression analysis indicated that caries experience was related to the education degree of their mothers and the experience of toothache. Brushing teeth properly with fluoride toothpaste could reduce the incidence of dental caries. Conclusion    Oral health of visually impaired students is poor. Oral health education and promotion measures should be emphasized among disabled students.