泰兴市食管癌、胃癌和肝癌遗传流行病学调查

目的　研究遗传因素在食管癌、胃癌和肝癌发生中的作用。方法　通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究 ,对泰兴市 489个家系(食管癌先证家系 13 2个 ,胃癌先证家系 79个 ,肝癌先证家系 80个 ,对照家系 198个 ) ,应用Li-Mantel和Falconer方法进行分离比及遗传度的估算。结果　泰兴市食管癌、胃癌和肝癌的分离比分别为 0 0 83 9、0 12 0 6和 0 12 71,明显低于 0 2 5 ;遗传度分别为 18 84%(男性 2 2 6% ,女性 14 69% )、2 1 42 % (男性 18 2 3 % ,女性 3 1 5 3 % )和 3 5 74% (男性 3 0 5 6% ,女性 5 4 90 % )。结论　遗传因素在泰兴市食管癌、胃癌和肝癌的发病中有一定的作用 ,但并非泰兴市癌症高发的主要危险因素     

泰兴市肝癌的分离比及遗传度估算

目的 :研究遗传因素在肝癌发生中的作用。方法 :通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究 ,应用Li Mantel和Falconer方法进行肝癌的分离比及遗传度的估算。结果 :泰兴市肝癌的分离比为 0 12 71,明显低于 0 2 5 ,属于多基因遗传方式 ;遗传度为 35 74 % ,其中男性 (30 5 6% )明显低于女性 (5 4 90 % )。结论 :遗传因素是肝癌的危险因素之一 ,但不是泰兴市肝癌高发的主要危险因素     

泰兴市食管癌、胃癌和肝癌遗传流行病学调查

目的：研究遗传因素在食管癌，胃癌和肝癌发生中的作用。方法：通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究，对泰兴市489个家系（食管癌先征家系132个，胃癌先证家系79个，肝癌先证家系80个，对照家系198个），应用Li-Mantel和Falconer方法进行分离比及遗传度的估算。结果：泰兴市食管癌，胃癌和肝癌的分离比分别为0.0839,0.1206和0.1271,明显低于0．25，遗传度分别为18．84％（男性22．6％，女性14．69％），21．42％（男性18．23％，女性31．53％）和35．74％（男性30．56％，女性54．90％）。结论：遗传因素在泰兴市食管癌，胃癌和肝癌的发病中有一定的作用，但并非泰兴市癌症高发的主要危险因素。     

泰兴市肝癌的分离比及遗传度估算

目的：研究遗传因素在肝癌发生中的作用。方法：通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究,应用LiMantel和Falconer方法进行肝癌的分离比及遗传 度的估算,结果：泰兴市肝癌的分离比为0．1271,明显低于0．25,属于多基因遗传方式;遗传度为35．74％,其中男性（356％）,明显低于女 （54．90％）。结论：遗传因素是肝癌的危险因素之一,但不是泰兴市肝癌高发的主要危险因素。     

泰兴市胃癌的分离比及遗传度估算

通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究,对泰兴市297个家系（先证家系79个,对照家系198个）,应用Li-Mantel和Falconer方法进行了分离比及遗传度的估算,泰兴市胃癌的分离比为0．1206,明显低于0．25,属于多基因遗传方式,遗传度为21．42％,其中男性（18．23％）,明显低于女性（31．53％）,表明遗传因素是胃癌的危险因素,但并非泰兴市胃癌高发的主要危险因素。     

武威市食管癌遗传流行病学研究

目的探索遗传因素在武威市食管癌发病中的作用及食管癌的遗传模式。方法采用以人群为基础的病例一对照家系研究。收集225例武威籍原发性食管癌患者及其对照的家系资料,调查这些家系所有亲属的食管癌发病情况。食管癌家族聚集用二项分布（P＋q）“数学模型拟合,用χ2进行配合适度检验。分别按Li—Mantel—Gart法计算食管癌的分离比、Penrose法估计遗传模式、Falconer法计算遗传度。结果武威市225例食管癌家族中的食管癌分布超过了二项分布的概率范围（χ2=50．36,P〈0．01）;食管癌的分离比为0．0643,显著〈0．25;单基因显性简单分离分析（分离比0．50）,χ2=645．97,P〈0．ol;单基因隐性简单分离分析（分离比0．25）,χ2=193．20,P〈0．01;先证者一级亲属的遗传度为（24．29±0．46）％。结论武威市食管癌发病具有明显的家族聚集性。先证者食管癌遗传不符合单基因显性和隐性遗传而是属于多基因遗传。遗传因素对食管癌的发病约占整个危险因素的1／4。     

河北省磁县食管癌贲门癌的遗传度及易感因素研究

目的:探讨磁县食管癌（含贲门癌）家庭聚集性及遗传因素在磁县食管癌病因中的作用,计算食管癌分离比及一级亲属遗传度。方法:采用病例-对照研究的方法,逐例入户调查了285 例食管癌的新发病例及1 415 例对照者的一级亲属食管癌患病及家族史等情况,比较其食管癌的患病率。用二项分布拟合优度χ2检验食管癌家庭聚集性;单病例法（Li-Mantel-Gart）计算分离比;Falconer 法计算遗传度。结果:食管癌先证者一级亲属发生率（12.80%）,高于对照者一级亲属发生率（7.52%）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=44.34,P=0.000）。 食管癌在家族中分布不符合二项分布,呈现明显的家族聚集性（χ2=288.19,P<0.0001）。 食管癌遗传度为（29.67± 4.32）% ,分离比0.181（95% CI:0.157～0.205）,可认为属于多基因遗传病。结论:磁县食管癌是遗传因素和环境因素共同作用的结果,食管癌家族史增加食管癌发病风险。      

甘肃省武威市上消化道肿瘤遗传流行病学研究

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨遗传因素在武威市上消化道肿瘤（胃癌、食管癌和肝癌）发病中的作用及上消化道肿瘤的遗传模式。［方法］ 采用以人群为基础的病例-对照家系研究。分别收集武威籍原发性上消化道肿瘤患者及其对照的家系资料,调查这些家系所有亲属的上消化道肿瘤发病情况。上消化道肿瘤家族聚集用二项分布(p+q)n数学模型拟合,用χ2进行配合适度检验。分别按Li-Mantel-Cart 法计算上消化道肿瘤的分离比、Penrose 法估计遗传模式、Falconer 法计算遗传度。［结果］ 武威市上消化道肿瘤家族中胃癌、食管癌、肝癌的分布均超过了二项分布的概率范围(P<0.01);食管癌、胃癌、肝癌的分离比分别为0.0830、0.0642、0.0990,显著小于0.25;单基因显性简单分离分析(分离比1/2),P值均小于0.01;单基因隐性简单分离分析(分离比1/4),P值仍然均小于0.01;胃癌、食管癌、肝癌先证者一级亲属的遗传度分别为23.06%±0.64%、24.29%±0.62%、56.54%±0.63%。［结论］ 武威市上消化道肿瘤发病具有明显的家族聚集性,先证者上消化道肿瘤遗传不符合单基因显性和隐性遗传而是属于多基因遗传,遗传因素对上消化道肿瘤的发病具有一定的贡献,约占整个危险因素的1/4~1/2。     

福建省安溪县食管癌的遗传流行病学研究

[目的]探讨遗传因素在福建省安溪县食管癌中的作用及食管癌的遗传模式。[方法]应用遗传流行病学研究方法,调查分析食管癌病例组和对照组的一级亲属患食管癌的患病情况,应用Li-Mantel-Gart法与Penrose法估计遗传模式,Falconer法计算遗传度。[结果]安溪县食管癌具有家族聚集性,Li-Mantel-Gart法与Penrose法结果显示食管癌属于多基因遗传性疾病,分离比为0.0433(95%CI=0.0338～0.0528),其一级亲属遗传度为38.66%±2.67%。[结论]安溪县食管癌具有明显的家族聚集倾向,符合多基因遗传模式。     

食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后心律失常

 目的　探讨食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后心律失常的危险因素及防治措施。方法　 1999年 10月～2 0 0 0年 10月间对 10 6例食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后心律失常患者资料进行了回顾分析。结果　术后心律失常发生率为 7.87% (10 6 / 1347)发生于 1～ 3天者 94例 (88.7% ) ,4～ 7天者 11例 (10 .2 % )。经治疗 3天以内消失者 82例 (77.3% ) ,治疗无效死亡 5例 .结论　术前ECG异常 ,既往心律失常史 ,FEV1/FVC <70 % ,术式 ,胸水 >5 0 0ml等因素是食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后发生心律失常的重要相关危险因素     

A Genetic Epidemiological Study on Esophageal Cancer and Carcinoma of the Gastric Cardia in Cixian County of Hebei Province

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of family aggregation and genetic factors of esophageal cancer (EC), including carcinoma of gastric cardia (CGC), in Cixian county, and to calculate the segregation ratio and heritability of fi rst-degree relatives (FDR) in EC cases. METHODS A case control study was conducted, and each of 285 esophageal cancer cases and FDR's case history and family medical history of EC in 1415 controls was carried by home visits to compare the incidence of EC in the crowds. The family aggregation of EC was found by χ2 test for goodness of fit test according to binomial distribution. Li-Mantel-Gart method was used to calculate the segregation ratio and Falconer method was employed to compute the heritability (h2). RESULTS The incidence rate of the FDR in the index case of EC (12.80%) was higher than that in the controls (7.52%). There were significant differences between the 2 groups (χ2= 44.34, P = 0.000). The distribution of EC in the family did not agree with the binomial distribution, which presented a conspicuous familial aggregation (χ2= 288.19, P < 0.0001). The heritability of EC was (29.67 ± 4.32)%, and segregation ratio was 0.1814 (95%CI =0.1574-0.2054), which is lower than 0.25, and can be regarded as a disease of multi-factorial inheritance. CONCLUSION The occurrence of EC in the Cixian County is the outcome of the mutual effect of genetic and environmental factors. The family history of upper gastrointestinal cancers increases the risk of EC in late generations.     

Heredity,diet and lifestyle as determining risk factors for the esophageal cancer on Nanao Island in Southern China

In this case–control study we evaluated contribution of environmental and genetic factors for risk of esophageal cancer (EC) by studying populations on Nanao Island (highest risk area for EC in China) and Shanwei (low risk region). Data on lifestyle, diet and family history were collected from the 166 newly diagnosed EC patients on Nanao between 2003 and 2004, from their 1450 first degree relatives and from controls on Nanao and Shanwei. Univariate and logistic regression analysis, family aggregation patterns, standardized incidence ratio (SIR), segregation ratio and heritability index were evaluated. The family cancer history was a significant risk factor for the two scenarios; Nanao cases versus Nanao controls, and Nanao controls versus Shanwei controls. Other risk factors included smoking, alcohol and fermented fish sauce. After adjusting for confounding variables, family history was independently associated with the occurrence of EC in Nanao cases versus Nanao controls. The incidence in the first degree relatives of Nanao cases was 0.86%, significantly higher than that of the public (0.12%) and SIR value was 1.44 in the first degree relatives of the 166 EC cases. The segregation ratio was 0.11 and the heritability index among first degree relatives was 40%. Our study indicates that there are steady pathogenic risk factors in the Nanao population’s lifestyle but genetic factors also play an important role for EC onset.     

宣威肺癌遗传因素作用大小的估算与分析

目的 探讨肺癌的遗传方式,估算肺癌肺癌发病过程中遗传因素作用的大小,以期进一步完善宣威肺癌的病因学研究。方法 利用遗传流行病学的理论与方法,选择了370例肺癌先证者,同时以每位肺癌先证者的配偶为对照且形成对照组。结果 肺癌的分离比为0．15,肺癌的遗传度为24．6％,其中男性为14．6％,女性为37．8％。结论 遗传因素与肺癌的发病密切相关,是肺癌的重要危险因素。肺癌遗传属多基因遗传。遗传因素在女性产生肺癌的过程中作用较大;但不论是男性还是女性发生肺癌,遗传因素都不是宣威肺癌高发的主要危险因素。     

Familial risks of esophageal cancer among the Turkmen population of the Caspian littoral of Iran

In northeastern Iran, there is an area of high incidence of esophageal cancer, which is populated by residents of Turkmen ancestry. Several environmental risk factors for esophageal cancer have been proposed, but the roles of familial and genetic factors have not been studied extensively in the Turkmen population. We evaluated the importance of familial risk factors for esophageal cancer by performing a case-control study of 167 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 200 controls of Turkmen ethnicity. Detailed family pedigrees of the cases and controls were constructed, which documented all cancers in first- and second-degree relatives. The actuarial risk of cancer was then estimated in 2,097 first-degree relatives of cases and 2,783 first-degree relatives of the controls. A hazard ratio was constructed, based on a comparison of the 2 cumulative incidence curves. The risk to age 75 of esophageal cancer in the first-degree relatives of Turkmen patients with esophageal cancer was 34% versus 14% for the first-degree relatives of the controls (hazard ratio = 2.3; p = 3 x 10(-8)). Cases (9.6%) reported that their parents were related, versus 2.5% of the controls who reported this. (odds ratio = 4.1; p value = 0.006). Familial factors are important in the etiology of esophageal cancer among the Turkmen residents of Iran. The hazard ratio of 2.3 for cancer among first-degree relatives is consistent with an important contribution of heritable factors. It will be of interest to perform marker studies to establish which genes are responsible.     

遗传和环境危险因素与淮安食管癌发病风险的关系

背景与目的： 评价遗传与环境危险因素在江苏省淮安食管癌发病风险中的意义。 材料与方法: 采用配对病例_对照研究对97例淮安汉族食管癌新发病例及其匹配对照进行了食管癌遗传与环境危险因素的调查,条件Logistic逐步回归分析遗传与环境因素与食管癌发病风险的关系。 结果: 淮安食管癌的主要危险因素中消化道肿瘤家族史与食管癌发病关系最为密切,OR可达4.203 ;其次是住地周围环境污染、三餐不定时和饮水类型,OR分别为2.202、1.988和2.024;经常食用蛋类食品和饮茶习惯与食管癌发病风险降低有关,是食管癌的保护因素,其OR分别为0.633和0.669。各危险因素的调整人群归因危险度分别为：住地周围环境污染12.9％、三餐不定时34.4％、少食蛋类食品25.0％、不饮茶42.7％、饮用河水、沟塘水和井水21.4％、消化道肿瘤家族史30.6％,这6个因素的综合人群归因危险度为86.6％。 结论: 遗传易感特征在淮安地区食管癌的发生中占有重要地位,对当地食管癌的防治措施应充分考虑遗传因素的影响。