Modified lacrimal passage flushing needle applied to patients after lacrimal canaliculus anastomosis:nursing care

目的 总结改良泪道冲洗针用于泪小管断裂吻合术患者的护理经验.方法 对42例泪小管断裂患者行泪小管断裂吻合术,支撑物选用改良泪道冲洗针.结果 39例患者术后泪道冲洗通畅,无溢泪现象;仅3例术后有溢泪现象.结论 伤后及时处理,早期手术吻合泪小管,术后预防感染,加强健康指导,预防支撑物脱落是手术成功的有效护理措施.     

泪小管断裂吻合术89例的围手术期护理

目的:探讨有效的泪小管断裂吻合术的圈手术期扩理措施.方法:对89例(104眼)因外伤致泪小管断裂施行泪小管吻合术的患者进行术前、术中、术后的观察与护理.结果:104眼中有92眼术后泪道冲洗通畅,无溢泪现象,占88.5%;8眼术后汨道冲洗通畅但仍有溢泪,占7.6%;3眼术后泪道冲洗不通畅,占3.8%.结论:伤后适当的处理、及早手术吻合泪小管、预防感染和做好术前,术中、术后相应的护理工作,防止泪小管插入导管脱落是保证手术成功的有效措施.     

泪小管断裂吻合术的手术护理配合

48例泪小管断裂吻合术后3-6个月随访:44例术后泪道冲洗通畅,2例轻度溢泪,1例下睑轻度外翻,1例泪道梗阻,手术成功率92%.提出术前心理护理至关重要,做好术中配合的宣教,做好手术用物的准备和选择,术中加强手术要点的护理和观察以及术后对并发症的预防和护理,以确保手术疗效.     

RS泪道再通硅胶软管体留置支撑物在泪小管断裂吻合术中的应用

目的：探讨RS泪道再通硅胶软管在泪小管断裂吻合术后留置作支撑物的临床效果。方法：选取2017年1月-2020年12月笔者科室收治的223例泪小管断裂患者作为研究对象，均予以RS泪道再通硅胶软管作为支撑物行泪小管断裂吻合术，于显微镜直视下寻找鼻侧泪小管断端，将RS泪道再通硅胶软管置入上下泪小管，采用8-0可吸收缝线间断缝合断端3针，术后10d拆线，RS泪道再通硅胶软管留置3个月后取出，术后随访1年。观察术中泪小管断裂吻合情况，术后3个月临床疗效及随访期间并发症发生情况。结果：术中泪小管断裂100.00%吻合。术后3个月，治愈215例（96.41%），好转8例（3.59%），无效0例（0.00%）。随访期间，出现泪小点及泪小管部分撕裂3例，下睑轻度外翻，导致术后轻度流泪2例，泪小管断端瘢痕2例，泪小点增生及息肉1例，并发症发生率为3.59%。结论：泪小管断裂吻合术中应用RS泪道再通硅胶软管作支撑物手术治疗效果较佳，术后并发症较少，安全性较高。     

软性泪道置管导引系统的研制与应用

目的研制一套简便易行、创伤较小、理想的泪道置管导引系统。方法研制软性泪道置管导引系统,由空心导管、7#不锈钢针芯、冲洗接口三部分组成。并将其应用于136例泪小管断裂吻合术、泪道高频电浚通加置管术及鼻内镜下泪囊开窗引流加置管术患者。结果手术均顺利进行,泪小管断裂术22例顺利找到断端,鼻内镜下直视泪小管/泪总管内壁黏膜无损伤,人工泪管顺利植入,拔管后患者无溢泪、溢脓等不适。结论软性泪道置管导引系统集泪道探通、泪道冲洗与人工泪管导入为一体,简便易行,效果满意。     

Making and application of soft lacrimal passage catheterization guiding system

目的 研制一套简便易行、创伤较小、理想的泪道置管导引系统.方法 研制软性泪道置管导引系统,由空心导管、7#不锈钢针芯、冲洗接口三部分组成.并将其应用于136例泪小管断裂吻合术、泪道高频电浚通加置管术及鼻内镜下泪囊开窗引流加置管术患者.结果 手术均顺利进行,泪小管断裂术22例顺利找到断端,鼻内镜下直视泪小管/泪总管内壁黏膜无损伤,人工泪管顺利植入,拔管后患者无溢泪、溢脓等不适.结论 软性泪道置管导引系统集泪道探通、泪道冲洗与人工泪管导入为一体,简便易行,效果满意.     

显微镜下行硅胶管双路植入治疗泪小管断裂

目的 探讨外伤性泪小管断裂吻合术中使用硅胶管作支撑物行双路全泪道留置的治疗效果.方法回顾性分析25例外伤引起下泪小管断裂患者,在显微镜下寻找断端,用两端带有金属探针的硅胶管分别从上、下泪点进入,行双路法植入于泪道,3个月后从鼻腔拔出硅胶管,随访并进行疗效分析.结果 25例均一次性吻合成功,术后随访3～12个月,治愈24例,好转1例,无并发症发生.结论 在显微镜下寻找泪小管断端,以硅胶管作为泪小管支撑物,行双路全泪道留置管治疗外伤性泪小管断裂方法简便、效果好.     

显微镜下泪小管吻合术

显微镜下泪小管吻合术徐法松，赵嘉宝，邱昆辉靠近内眦部的眼睑裂伤常伴有泪小管断离，若未妥当处理，势必造成永久性溢泪，近年来由于显微外科的发展，对泪小管断离的修复，重建泪道，恢复其功能已被重视。我们应用手术显微镜，以细硬膜外麻醉导管做支撑物对１２例泪小管...     

面斜裂整形修复中泪道重建术的探讨

为了解决面斜裂整形修复中泪道重建的难题，１９８９年３月～１９９５年１月，对４例患者治疗中设计了三种手术方法：泪小管鼻腔吻合术；静脉血管或口腔粘膜移植重建泪道术；改良的泪囊鼻腔吻合术。术后重建的泪道置入导管３～６个月。经术后６个月～１年的观察，面部畸形整复，溢泪消失，红汞试验及泪道检查均通畅，效果满意。认为，应根据泪道畸形程度的不同，选择合适的手术方法，以取得最佳疗效。     

改良的泪小管断裂吻合术

眼睑裂伤常伴有泪小管断裂，若不修复．可导致终身溢泪，给工作和生活带来诸多不便。泪小管吻合术是治疗泪小管断裂的唯一方法．良好的断端吻合和适宜支撑物应用是获得成功基础。因此，泪小管断裂后应尽量行泪小管吻合术。本院自1997年10月至2004年10月，在显微镜下行泪小管吻合术63例，疗效满意。现报告如下。     

Bilateral lacrimal duct cyst

Reports of lacrimal gland cysts have been rare, and mostly of small, unilateral cysts of the palpebral lobes. An unusual case of bilateral, large acquired cysts of the orbital lobe of the lacrimal glands is presented. Pathologic examination showed chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the lacrimal gland structures. We suggest that prolapse of the lacrimal glands with obstruction of the lacrimal ducts, combined with chronic dacryoadenitis, led to cyst formation.     

Endoscopic surgery for lacrimal obstruction

Intranasal access to the lacrimal drainage system has been greatly enhanced with the advent of endoscopic nasal surgery. This technique has been used for the treatment of recurrent lacrimal obstruction after failed external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in 12 patients. Improved intranasal visualization with the endoscope allowed easy identification and opening of the lacrimal sac, with no need for a skin incision. Obstructing intranasal pathology, including adhesions from previous DCR, an enlarged middle turbinate, and ethmoid sinus disease, was readily identified and corrected. There were no intraoperative complications. Lacrimal obstruction was completely relieved in nine of 12 patients (75%), with a followup of 7 to 25 months. Endoscopic revision DCR should be considered in patients with recurrent epiphora after external DCR.     

磁共振泪道成像检查患者泪道充盈的护理

目的探讨磁共振泪道成像检查患者泪道充盈的护理经验。方法对50例泪道阻塞患者行磁共振泪道成像检查,同时加强泪道充盈护理。检查前对患者做好充分解释,行泪道冲洗时患者取仰卧位、注意动作轻柔,缓慢推注生理盐水,泪道探针遇有阻力时切不可强行推进;泪道冲洗后用复方氯化钠滴眼液行泪道充盈。结果 92侧泪道充盈良好,获得满意图像;8侧因泪道内无液体信号,诊断医生在观察原始图像基础上结合病史及泪道冲洗结果得出诊断建议。结论对泪道水成像磁共振检查患者,除加强MRI检查的常规护理外,需加强对患者泪道充盈的护理,可提高磁共振泪道成像检查的成功。     

泪沟的个性化治疗

目的总结泪沟的形成原因,探讨个性化治疗不同原因泪沟的方法和疗效。方法本组共120例求美者,采用外切睑袋术式联合眶隔脂肪带蒂转移术治疗泪沟43例,内切睑袋术式联合眶隔脂肪转移术治疗泪沟32例,自体颗粒脂肪填充泪沟45例。对比治疗前、后泪沟形态,并评估泪沟治疗有效率及求美者满意度。结果本组求美者均取得满意效果,其中45例采用颗粒脂肪填充泪沟求美者中有12例施行二次填充。术后随访3～36个月,无感染、血肿、脂肪液化等并发症发生。结论针对不同原因形成的泪沟,采用不同的治疗方法,可以更有效地矫治泪沟畸形。     

Emergency repair of lacrimal canaliculus

Twenty-three patients with canalicular injuries who underwent emergency treatment are presented. A round-tipped pigtail probe was used to position the silicone tube for canalicular intubation. Four patients had the injury in the common lacrimal canaliculus. After tubing both canaliculi, the silicone tube ends were retrieved from the inferior meatus. The rest of the patients had inferior canalicular injury. In those cases, a circle was formed by a silicone tube between the upper and lower canaliculi. The silicone tube was held in place for 4–6 months. After removal of the silicone tube, the lacrimal drainage system was evaluated by the dye disappearance test and radiological methods. The drainage system was patent in all cases with a consequent lack of epiphora.This study was partly presented at the European Appointed 20th National Congress of the Turkish Society of Plastic Surgeons on 5 September 1998.     

Carcinomas of the lacrimal drainage system

Primary carcinomas of the lacrimal drainage system are rare. These malignant neoplasms typically present as noncompressible, nontender masses with low-grade dacyrocystitis and/or unilateral epiphora. Lymph node metastasis may occur late in the disease course. Complete surgical resection is the best treatment choice; extensive procedures such as orbital exenteration and maxillectomy may be necessary for complete tumor extirpation. Further adjunctive radiotherapy may improve local control. We present two cases of carcinoma of the lacrimal drainage system, including one locally controlled tumor with apparent lymph node metastasis that occurred 21 years after primary treatment. A review of the histopathology and literature concerning carcinomas of the lacrimal drainage system is presented.