“九节茶”接骨丸对股骨干骨折的治疗作用

“九节茶”系金粟兰科金粟兰属植物接骨金粟兰,经我院骨科组动物实验所提供的依据,对骨折愈合的促进作用早期及晚期均较明显。故于75年9月至79年6月我院骨科组将“九节茶”接骨丸试用于临床,给42例股骨干骨折的患者内服此药。现将临床观察的治疗结果加     

肿节风研究进展

肿节风（Sarcandra glabra），又名草珊瑚、九节茶、接骨木。肿节风是金粟兰科（Chloranthaceae）草珊瑚属植物草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra（Thunb．）Nakai的干燥全草，是《中华人民共和国药典》2000年版一部收载的法定药材。分布于安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广东、广西、云南、贵州、四川等省区。     

肿节风

本品为金粟兰科(Chloranthaceae)植物草珊瑚[Sarcandra Glaber(Thumb),Nakai]即肿节风的干燥全草经加工制成的制剂。 [作用特点] 本品有祛风通络,活血散瘀功能。江西地区用来代替广谱抗菌素治疗肺炎、扁桃腺炎、胃肠炎、口腔炎以及外伤感     

中国草珊瑚属植物研究概况及探讨

草珊瑚属(Sarcandra)隶属于金粟兰科(Chlomnthaceae),我国至今发现有2种2变种。由于该属植物均可药用,加上金粟兰科在系统分类上的特殊位置,多年来国内外药学和植物学工作者对该属在原植物分类、解剖、化学和药理等方面进行了大量的研究工作,同时也产生了许多有趣的争论,现分述如下。     

我国金粟兰科药用植物的研究进展

<正> 金粟兰科(Chloranthaceae)植物我国有3属16种5变种,分布于各省,其中雪香兰属(Hedyosum)植物花为单性,主要分布于热带美洲,我国仅有雪香兰(H. orientale Merr.et Chun)一种,分布于广东南部,有局限性,为海南岛特产。另二属为金粟兰属Chloranthus及草珊瑚属Sarcandra,二属的区别特征如下:     

肿节风总黄酮对艾氏腹水癌细胞核酸代谢的影响

肿节风系金粟兰科植物草珊瑚[Sarcandra glabra(Thunb)Nakai],民间主要用作抗菌、消炎、退热和治疗风湿性关节炎等,均有较好的疗效。1975年上海市徐汇区等中心医院首次报道用肿节风治疗恶性肿瘤373例,总有效率53.9％,显效15.3％,其中113例单用肿节风治疗,有效率62.8％,浙江省用肿节风治疗恶性肿瘤70例和急性白血病也有一定疗效。肿节风挥发油及分离到的水溶性成份对S180,W256,RS615及TM755等瘤株均有     

肿节风片与柴银、双黄连、袪痰口服液体外抑菌效果比较

肿节风为金栗兰科多年生草本植物草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai的地上部分或全草,又名草珊瑚、九节茶、接骨木[1].肿节风具有与人参相似的作用,能清热解毒,消肿散节,具有广谱抗菌、抗病毒、强效抗炎、快速退热之作用,能增强人体免疫功能,提高白细胞吞噬能力,抑制细菌的增长和繁殖[2].     

通络镇痉汤治疗坐骨神经痛

药物组成:丹参一两至两半、钩藤一两、血竭钱半、豨莶草五钱、蜈蚣二条、地龙四钱、柴胡二钱。加减:偏热、口渴、口苦、苔黄、脉数加银花藤一两、川黄柏二钱、草薢四钱。祛湿热,通经络;偏寒、苔白、脉迟加桂枝三钱、附片二钱,温阳散寒;偏湿、重着酸麻、脉缓加苡仁一两、通草二钱、桑枝五钱、祛湿通络;屈伸不利加九节风(接骨金粟兰)     

草珊瑚含片化学成分分析

对草珊瑚含片化学成分分析表明,草珊瑚含有16种氨基酸,其中6种为人体必需氨基酸。另外,草珊瑚含有铁、锰、锌和镁等元素。1 样品与仪器草珊瑚:江中制药厂生产。仪器:日立835—50型氨基酸自动分析仪(日本);E_(546)型3.4m 光栅摄谱仪(英国)。     

应用九节茶过敏反应2例报告

我院自今年采用贵阳中医学院推广的应用九节茶接骨以来,遇到2例发生过敏反应,报告如下: 例一,男性,23岁。左股骨中段骨折,入院检查皮肤正常。服用九节茶片,每日3次,每次5片。服药后先是全身起皮疹、痒。经停药及口服扑尔敏好转。而后再一次口服九节茶。5片,遂起阴囊湿疹,即停药及用白色擦剂局部外擦等处理痊愈。     

AMELIORIATION OF CHEMICALLY-INDUCED HEPATOCYTE INJURY BY CYCLOSPORINE A

Cyclosporine A, beside its current applications, possesses potential hepatoprotective effects. This study was directed to investigate the effect of Cyclosporine A pretreatment on hepatic injury due to carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and -galactosamine. Rats were injected by two successive doses of Cyclosporine A (5mgkg⁻¹day⁻¹). Six hours after the second dose, 1mlkg⁻¹of CCl₄was administered i.p. Effects associated with Cyclosporine A pretreatment were examined by using isolated hepatocytes and hepatocytes that were immobilized and continuously perfused. -Galactosamine (5m ) was added directly to the perfusion medium. After isolation, hepatocytes were examined histologically by light and electron microscopy, immobilized and perfused for further metabolic functional activity evaluation. Cyclosporine A pretreatmentin vivoproduced hepatoameliorative effects of various degrees which were statistically significant as manifested by: (1) an increased trypan blue exclusion after CCl₄; (2) an improved ureagenesis after CCl₄; (3) a reduction in the lipid droplets accumulation in the cytoplasm produced by CCl₄administration; (4) well preserved cytoplasmic organelles as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum ER, nuclear chromatin structures that were altered by CCl₄; and (5) an increased hepatocytes survival in the agarose gel matrix, reduction of LD leakage and improvement of ureagenesis after -galactosamine addition to the perfusion medium. The beneficial effect of Cyclosporine A pretreatment in modifying hepatotoxicity of chemical insults merits further studies.     

Benzo(a)pyrene decreases brain and ovarian aromatase mRNA expression in Fundulus heteroclitus

The higher molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) are typically associated with genotoxicity, however, newer evidence suggests that these compounds may also act as endocrine system disruptors. We hypothesized that altered expression of the P450 enzyme aromatase genes could be a target for reproductive or developmental dysfunction caused by BaP exposure. Aromatase is at least partially responsible for estrogen homeostasis by converting androgens into estrogens. In fish, there are two isoforms of aromatase, a predominantly ovarian form, CYP19A1, and a brain form, CYP19A2. CYP19 mRNA expression was measured following BaP exposure (0, 10, 100 microg/L waterborne for 10 or 15 days) in Fundulus adults, juveniles and embryos by in situ hybridization. The CYP19A1 expression was significantly decreased after BaP exposure in the 3-month-old Fundulus immature oocytes, but BaP did not affect CYP19A1 expression at any stage in adult oocytes. In embryo brains, BaP significantly decreased CYP19A2 compared to controls by 3.6-fold at 14 days post-fertilization. In adults, CYP19A2 expression was decreased significantly in the pituitary and hypothalamus (81% and 85% of controls, respectively). Promoter regions of Fundulus CYP19s were cloned, and putative response elements in the CYP19A1 and CYP19A2 promoters such as CRE, AhR and ERE may be involved in BaP-mediated changes in CYP19 expression. In order to compare the mechanism of BaP-mediated inhibition with that of a known aromatase inhibitor, fish were also exposed to fadrozole (20 and 100 microg/L). Fadrozole did not significantly decrease the mRNA expression in embryos or adult Fundulus. However, aromatase enzyme activity was significantly decreased in adult ovary and brain tissues. These studies provide a greater molecular understanding of the mechanisms of action of BaP and its potential to impact reproduction or development.     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of a chitooligosaccharide mixture against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of a chitooligosaccharide mixture (MW 2000–30 000 Da) with a deacetylation degree of 91.5% against two representative oral pathogens, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans. A 0.1% concentration of the chitooligosaccharides (derived from the exoskeletons of marine crustaceans) was used to estimate antibacterial activity. Approximately 2 log colony forming units (CFU)/ml of A. actinomycetemcomitans were inactivated by 0.1% chitosan after 30 min, while 120 min exposure inactivated about 4.5 log CFU/ml of this organism. In contrast, the level of inactivation against S. mutans was less than 0.5 log CFU/ml after an exposure of up to 120 min. Electron microscopy showed that the exposure of A. actinomycetemcomitans to the chitooligosaccharides resulted in the disruption of cell membranes and that it could be considered for the treatment of periodontal diseases associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans.     

海南粗榧新碱衍生物HH07A在大鼠体内的代谢转化研究

用GC-MS联用技术对海南粗榧新碱衍生物HH07A在大鼠体内代谢转化进行了研究。尿样经XAD-2固相提取、酶水解、浓缩并硅烷化,用GC-MS联用仪分离鉴定尿中HH07A及其4个代谢物,推断4个代谢物结构及其体内代谢途经。     

Cytotoxic constituents of the octocoralDendronephthya gigantea

A known monoalkyl glycerol ether, (+/-)-1-nonadecyloxy-2,3-propanediol (1) was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a soft coral Dendronephthya gigantea as a weakly cytotoxic constituent against four human cancer cell lines, A549, HT-29, HT-1080, and SNU-638. In addition, a known ceramide, (2S,3R,4E,8E)-N-hexadecanoyl-2-amino-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (2), was also isolated as an inactive constituent. This is the first report on the isolation of the compounds 1 and 2 from the octocoral, Dendronephthya species.     

新的核苷类化合物β-L-D4A的化学合成及体外抗HBV作用

目的以D型谷氨酸为原料，通过一系列化学转化，合成了新的核苷类化合物β-L-D4A，并初步探索其体外抗HBV作用。方法合成β-L-D4A，用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱确证目标化合物的结构，以2.2.15细胞(HepG2细胞进行HBV基因组转染后所得)培养为基础，Southern印迹法检测不同浓度化合物体外抑制HNV DNA复制作用，并求出50%抑制的药物浓度，即EC₅₀。以四噻唑蓝(MTT)比色分析法检测不同浓度药物的细胞毒性，求出IC₅₀。结果化合物β-L-D4A经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱确证；2.2.15细胞培养上清液病毒DNA的Southern印迹、自显影结果显示病毒的抑制呈明显的浓度依赖性，计算出EC₅₀为0.2 μmol·L^-1，胞内DNA的Southern印迹、自显影显示类似的结果；细胞毒性实验显示IC₅₀为200 μmol·L^-1。结论体外实验显示β-L-D4A具有明显的抑制病毒DNA复制作用，且无明显的细胞毒性，TI值为1 000，高于临床用Lamivudine (750)，有望开发为临床抗HBV用药。     

红花化学成分的研究

红花为菊科植物红花（ＣａｒｔｈａｍｕｓｔｉｎｃｔｏｒｉｕｓＬ．）的干燥花，是重要的活血化瘀中药之一［１］。红花有降血压、降血脂等作用，临床上用于治疗冠心病、高血压等疾病［２］。为阐明红花的活性成分，我们曾以药理活性为指标，对其化学成分进行研究，报道...     

丹参-红花药对配伍前后对大鼠肝药酶亚型CYP1A2、CYP2E1和CYP3A4活性的影响

目的 研究丹参、红花药对配伍前后对大鼠肝药酶亚型CYP1A2、CYP2E1和CYP3A4活性的影响。方法 分别选用咖啡因、氯唑沙宗和咪达唑仑作为CYP1A2、CYP2E1和CYP3A4的探针药物。将大鼠随机分为4组,即空白对照组、丹参（1.2 g生药/kg）组、红花（0.4 g生药/kg）组、丹参（1.2 g生药/kg）+红花（0.4 g生药/kg）组,按上述剂量ig给药7 d。于末次给药后30 min,尾iv探针药物咖啡因、氯唑沙宗和咪达唑仑溶液,在不同的时间点取血进行检测;以甲硝唑为内标,采用HPLC法检测探针药物咖啡因、氯唑沙宗和咪达唑仑的量,评价各药物组对大鼠CYP3A4、CYP2E1和CYP1A2活性的影响。结果 与空白对照组比较,丹参组咖啡因、氯唑沙宗和咪达唑仑的清除率（CL）有所增强,曲线下面积（AUC）减少,其半衰期（t_1/2）有减少趋势,但差异均不显著;红花组咖啡因和氯唑沙宗的CL有所降低,但差异不显著,咪达唑仑的CL显著降低（P<0.01）,氯唑沙宗的AUC增加,但差异不显著,咖啡因和咪达唑仑的AUC明显增加（P<0.05、0.01）;丹参+红花组咖啡因和氯唑沙宗的CL明显降低（P<0.05）,曲线下面积（AUC）明显增加（P<0.05）,其t_1/2有延长趋势,但差异不显著。结论 丹参、红花配伍后对CYP450亚型CYP1A2和CYP2E1有抑制作用,这可能是丹参、红花配伍协同增效的作用机制之一。     

Antimicrobial activity of isolate HL-12 against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in the presence of cadmium

An actinomycete, strain HL-12, that was isolated from a farmland on the Huajiachi campus of Zhejiang University was capable of inhibiting the growth of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and was identified as a member of Streptomyces. Its antimicrobial activity against Cmm was measured using the agar plate sensitivity method in pure culture and evaluated by the inhibition ratio of Cmm in soil. The inhibitory activity of strain HL-12 against Cmm following exposure to low concentrations of Cd was greater than the inhibitory activity following exposure to high concentrations of Cd both in liquid culture and in soil. A stronger inhibition was also seen following a 24 h preculture in the presence of Cd in liquid culture. The growth of Cmm in soil was stimulated at low concentrations of Cd (<5.0 mg Cd kg⁻¹ dry soil) but inhibited when cultured in high concentrations of Cd (5.0 and 10.0 mg Cd kg⁻¹ dry soil). A higher inhibition ratio of strain HL-12 against Cmm, which was over 40% after soil incubation for 2 weeks, was observed following exposure to low concentrations of Cd (<5.0 mg Cd kg⁻¹ dry soil).     

Tricalysiolide G and tricalysiols A and B: rearranged ent-kaurane-type and ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids from the leaves of Tricalysia dubia (Lindl.) Ohwi

Three rearranged ent-kaurane diterpenes with the cafestol-type framework have been isolated from the leaves of Tricalysia dubia. Two were found to be known diterpenoids, tricalysiolides B and C. Tricalysiolide B was isolated as colorless prisms in this experiment and its three-dimensional structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. The remaining diterpenoid was a new compound and was named tricalysiolide G. Two new ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids, given the trivial names tricalysiol A and tricalysiol B, were also isolated. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated from spectroscopic evidence.