黄芪多糖通过TLR4/NF-κB通路保护脓毒症大鼠肺血管内皮细胞

目的:观察黄芪多糖(APS)对脓毒症大鼠肺血管内皮细胞的保护作用，并探讨可能机制。方法:采用盲肠结扎穿孔法建立脓毒症大鼠模型，将建模成功的36只大鼠随机分为脓毒症组、APS组、APS+脂多糖(LPS)组，每组各12只。另外12只大鼠设为对照组。术后6、12、18h APS组灌胃APS(100mg/kg),APS+LPS组灌胃APS (100mg/kg)+腹腔注射LPS(3mg/kg),对照组、脓毒症组分别灌胃、腹腔注射等量生理盐水。检测血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平；检测肺组织含水量、Western Blotting法检测肺组织中热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、内皮细胞特异性分子-1(ESM-1)蛋白，Toll样受体4(TLR4)、髓样细胞分化因子88(MyD88)、核转录因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达量。结果:与脓毒症组比较，APS组血清IL-6、TNF-α水平，肺组织含水量，ESM-1蛋白表达量，肺组织TLR4、MyD88蛋白表达量，p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65均降低(P<0.05),H...     

人参皂苷Rg1对脓毒症所致心肌损伤大鼠NF-κB磷酸化水平及炎症相关通路的影响北大核心CSCD

目的：探究人参皂苷Rg1对脓毒症所致心肌损伤大鼠核因子-κB(NF-κB)磷酸化水平及炎症相关通路的影响。方法：盲肠结扎穿孔法（CLP）构建大鼠脓毒症心肌损伤模型,60只大鼠随机分为假手术（sham）组、CLP组、人参皂苷Rg1低剂量（CLP+Rg1L）组、人参皂苷Rg1中剂量（CLP+Rg1M）组、人参皂苷Rg1高剂量（CLP+Rg1H）组、瑞沙托维（CLP+TAK-242）组,每组10只。LPS构建体外脓毒症心肌细胞模型,H9C2细胞分为对照（control）组、LPS组、LPS+Rg1L组、LPS+Rg1M组、LPS+Rg1H组、LPS+TAK-242组。右颈总动脉插管法检测各组大鼠平均动脉压（MABP）、心率×左心室发展压（LVDP×HR）、左心室压力最大上升/下降速率（±dp/dtmax）水平;HE染色观察心肌组织病理学改变;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测心肌组织和H9C2细胞凋亡;ELISA检测大鼠血清和H9C2细胞肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（cTnⅠ）、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-6、IL-1β含量;CCK-8及EdU染色检测H9C2细胞增殖能力;RT-qPCR检测心肌组织Toll样受体4(TLR4)、NF-κB p65、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p38MAPK） mRNA表达;Western blot检测心肌组织TLR4、NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65、p38MAPK、p-p38MAPK、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)蛋白表达。结果：人参皂苷Rg1能够提高MABP、LVDP×HR、±dp/dtmax水平,降低CK、LDH、AST活力,降低cTnⅠ、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、TLR4、NF-κB p65、p38MAPK mRNA与TLR4、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65、p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK、NLRP3蛋白水平（P<0.05）,促进心肌细胞增殖,抑制细胞凋亡与炎症水平,改善心肌损伤。结论：人参皂苷Rg1能够抑制心肌组织细胞凋亡及炎症水平,提高心功能,从而减轻脓毒症所致心肌损伤,其机制可能与TLR4/NF-κB、p38MAPK信号通路有关。     

丙酮酸乙酯对LPS致急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织NF-κB p65及TNF-α和IL-lβ的影响

目的:观察丙酮酸乙酯(EP)对内毒素性急性肺损伤(ALI)大鼠肺组织核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)p65表达及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)含量的影响,探讨EP可能的肺保护机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠30只随机分为三组(n均=10):正常对照组,静脉注射与其它二组等量生理盐水;LPS组,静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)5mg/kg复制大鼠ALI模型;EP+LPS组,于静脉注射LPS前1h腹腔内注射EP(40mg/kg)。所有动物于注射LPS或生理盐水后4h颈动脉放血处死,取肺组织用Westernblot测定其NF-κBp65的表达,用ELISA测定其TNF-α和IL-1β的含量。结果:与对照组相比,LPS组、EP+LPS组肺组织NF-κBp65表达增加,肺组织TNF-α和IL-lβ含量升高(P0.05);与LPS组相比,EP+LPS组肺组织NF-κBp65表达降低,肺组织TNF-α和IL-lβ含量降低(P0.05)。结论:EP通过下调大鼠LPS诱导的肺组织NF-κBp65表达,降低了TNF-α和IL-lβ的释放。EP可减轻ALI大鼠肺的炎症反应。     

右美托咪定改善感染性休克大鼠急性肺损伤及对TLR9/NF-κB通路表达的影响

目的用,并探讨其可能的机制。方法将SD大鼠分为假手术组(Sham),模型组(LPS)和DMED治疗组(LPS+DMED);称重并计算各组大鼠肺系数、肺组织湿/干重比(W/D)和含水量;HE染色检测各组大鼠肺组织病理变化;ELISA检测各组大鼠肺组织IL-1β、IL-6及TNF-α蛋白的表达;免疫荧光化学法染色各组大鼠肺组织NF-κB(p65)的表达;Western blot法检测TLR9和NF-κB(p65)的蛋白表达。结果与LPS组比较,DMED明显降低感染性休克大鼠的肺系数、肺组织湿/干重比(W/D)和含水量,改善感染性休克大鼠肺组织病理变化,显著降低IL-1β、IL-6及TNF-α蛋白表达水平,减弱肺组织中NF-κB(p65)的活化,抑制TLR9和NF-κB(p65)的蛋白表达。结论 DMED对感染性休克大鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用,与减轻炎症因子和抑制TLR-9/NF-κB信号通路相关。     

小剂量羟乙基淀粉对脓毒症大鼠的肺保护作用研究

目的研究小剂量羟乙基淀粉130/0.4(HES)对脓毒症模型大鼠肺毛细血管通透性以及全身及局部炎症细胞因子水平的影响。方法 40只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为小剂量组(S组)、大剂量组(L组)、脓毒症对照组(SC组)及假手术对照组(C组)4组,每组10只。S组、L组及SC组均采用盲肠结扎穿孔的方法建立脓毒症大鼠模型;分别于CLP后4h时静脉输注HES 5ml/kg+生理盐水25ml/kg、HES 30ml/kg,SC组于相应时点输注生理盐水30ml/kg。CLP后6h处死大鼠,取肺组织计算含水量,测定毛细血管通透性、炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平及外周血炎症细胞因子水平。结果与C组比较,S组、L组及SC组肺含水量、毛细血管通透性均明显增高,肺组织及外周血TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平增高(P0.05)。与SC组比较,S组与L组肺含水量、毛细血管通透性均有降低,肺组织及外周血TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平降低(P0.05);与S组比较,L组TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平有所降低,但无统计学差异。结论小剂量羟乙基淀粉130/0.4具有一定肺保护作用。     

解毒清肺合剂对肺炎支原体感染大鼠肺组织NF-κB和p38 MAPK通路的影响

目的:观察解毒清肺合剂对肺炎支原体(MP)感染大鼠肺组织的治疗作用并探讨其作用机制。方法:SD大鼠40只,随机分为对照组、模型组、解毒清肺组和阳性对照组4组,每组10只。实验组大鼠鼻孔内缓慢滴入1×10~9CFU/L MP菌液连续4 d,各组在接种完成后第2天处死1只大鼠进行MP核酸检测,同时其余大鼠开始灌胃治疗,空白对照组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,解毒清肺组每天给予8 mL/kg的解毒清肺合剂,阳性对照组给予地塞米松磷酸钠(0.5 mg·kg·d~(-1)),连续治疗4周。实验结束后处死大鼠,收集血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF),ELISA法检测血清和BALF中白细胞介素12(IL-12)、IL-13和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平;取右肺组织用于观察病理形态和HE染色,左肺组织用于NF-κB p50、I-κBα和p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)的mRNA及蛋白水平的检测。结果:MP核酸检测结果显示,除空白对照组外其余大鼠均感染了MP,表明MP感染大鼠造模成功。治疗第1天模型组和解毒清肺组肺组织病理评分显著高于空白对照组(P0.05),治疗结束后模型组的肺组织病理评分显著高于空白对照组、解毒清肺组和阳性对照组(P0.01)。MP感染后模型组血清和BALF中IL-12水平显著低于空白对照组(P0.05),解毒清肺组和阳性对照组血清和BALF中IL-12水平显著高于模型组(P0.05);模型组大鼠血清和BALF中IL-13和TNF-α水平显著升高,解毒清肺组和阳性对照组IL-13和TNF-α水平显著低于模型组(P0.05),解毒清肺组与阳性对照组无显著差异。RT-qPCR检测结果显示,模型组NF-κB p50和p38 MAPK的mRNA表达水平显著升高(P0.01),解毒清肺组和阳性对照组NF-κB p50和p38 MAPK的mRNA表达水平与模型组比较显著降低(P0.01);模型组I-κBα的mRNA表达水平较对照组显著降低,解毒清肺组和阳性对照组I-κBα的mRNA表达水平较模型组显著升高(P0.05),解毒清肺组NF-κB p50、p38、MAPK和I-κBα与阳性对照组比较差异无统计学显著性。Western blot检测结果显示肺组织中模型组的NF-κB p50和p38 MAPK蛋白表达水平显著高于空白对照组,治疗后表达水平显著降低;模型组I-κBα蛋白表达水平显著低于空白对照组,解毒清肺组其蛋白表达水平显著升高,解毒清肺组与阳性对照组无显著差异。结论:解毒清肺合剂可能通过NF-κB和p38 MAPK通路减轻肺炎支原体引起的肺组织炎症。     

虫草素联合谷氨酰胺对LPS诱导的脓毒症大鼠炎症失衡及肝肺病理变化的影响

目的　研究虫草素（cordycepin,Cop）联合谷氨酰胺（glutamine,Gln）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides,LPS）诱导的脓毒症大鼠炎症失衡和肝肺病理变化的影响及其可能机制。 方法　将大鼠按体重随机分为5组：对照组、模型组（LPS组）、LPS+Cop组、LPS+Gln组和LPS+Cop+Gln组,腹腔注射LPS（5 mg/kg）诱导建立脓毒症大鼠模型。ELISA检测外周血中炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10的含量;HE染色观察肝肺组织的病理损伤情况;TUNEL染色观察肝肺组织的细胞凋亡情况;Western blot检测肝肺组织中Caspase-3表达水平及NF-κB p65的磷酸化情况 。 结果　LPS+Cop组、LPS+Gln组和LPS+Cop+Gln组均能逆转LPS诱导的促炎因子（IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β）的高表达和抗炎因子（IL-10）的低表达（P<0.05）,减轻病理损伤,抑制细胞凋亡（P<0.05）,降低凋亡蛋白Caspase-3高表达（P<0.05）,下调NF-κB p65的磷酸化水平（P<0.05）。 结论　在LPS诱导的脓毒症大鼠模型中,虫草素联合谷氨酰胺能有效改善其炎症失衡和肝肺病理变化。     

虫草素对CLP诱导的脓毒症大鼠免疫调节作用及肝肺组织病理变化的影响

目的探索虫草素对盲肠结扎穿孔(CLP)诱导的脓毒症大鼠免疫反应的调节作用及肝肺组织病理变化的影响。方法利用盲肠结扎穿刺法构建大鼠脓毒症模型。SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、加药组(CDP 10、20、50 mg/kg BW) 5组,每组5例。苏木素伊红染色检测肝、肺组织病理损伤情况。TUNEL染色检测肝、肺组织细胞凋亡情况。蛋白免疫印迹检测肺组织Ki67、caspase-3和p65蛋白表达情况。ELISA检测血清炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10水平。结果与模型组相比较,随着虫草素浓度的增加,加药组肝、肺病理损伤程度减轻;加药组细胞凋亡数目随虫草素浓度的增加而减少(P 0. 01);加药组caspase-3和p65表达水平随虫草素浓度的增加而降低,Ki67蛋白表达水平随虫草素浓度的增加而升高(P 0. 01);与模型组相比较,加药组炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平随虫草素浓度的增加而减少(P 0. 01),IL-10随虫草素浓度的增加而增加。结论虫草素通过抑制NF-κB改善大鼠肝肺组织病理损伤,并降低脓毒症进程中炎症反应。     

A20重组蛋白通过NF-κB/TGF-β1/CTGF信号通路抑制哮喘小鼠气道重构的初步实验研究

目的探讨A20重组蛋白对支气管哮喘小鼠气道重构及NF-κB信号通路的影响。方法 40只雄性清洁级Balb/c小鼠,随机数字表法分为4组,每组10只,分别为:生理盐水对照组;卵蛋白(OVA)哮喘组;A20重组蛋白治疗3 d组;A20重组蛋白治疗7 d组。在末次激发24 h后所有小鼠取左肺组织行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色及PAS染色。取右肺组织分别用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),RT-PCR和Western blote检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中IL-4、IL-5、TNF-α及IFN-γ含量以及肺组织中结缔组织生长因子(Connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)、转化生长因子-β1(trailsforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)的mRNA表达和核转录因子(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)的表达。结果哮喘模型组小鼠与对照组相比较BALF中炎症细胞计数、IL-4、IL-5、TNF-α水平增高,而IFN-γ水平降低;肺组织CTGF、TGF-β1的转录和表达水平以及NF-κB表达水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。A20重组蛋白3 d和7 d干预组小鼠与哮喘模型组相比较BALF中炎症细胞计数、IL-4、IL-5、TNF-α水平,CTGF、TGF-β1的转录和表达水平,NF-κB表达水平均显著降低,而BALF中IFN-γ水平明显上升,具有显著差异(P<0.05),但2个不同治疗组之间上述各指标间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 A20重组蛋白可抑制哮喘小鼠气道重构的发生,其机制有可能是通过抑制NF-κB/TGF-β1/CTGF信号通路而实现的。     

干扰素-γ水平影响系统性红斑狼疮小鼠体TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB p65信号通路的初步研究

目的 探究干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)小鼠体内Toll样受体9/髓样分化因子88/核因子κB亚基p65(TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB p65)信号通路的影响.方法 将30只SLE MRL/lpr小鼠随机分为模型组、空质粒组和IFN-γ siRNA组,空质粒组和IFN-γsiRNA组采用活体电转染技术分别转入空质粒、IFN-γsiRNA质粒,并鉴定转染后SLE小鼠外周血IFN-γγ的表达;另取10只C57BL/6小鼠作为正常组,ELISA检测IL-6、TNF-α和自身抗体[抗双链DNA(ds-DNA)抗体、抗组蛋白抗体(IgM)]水平,观察各组小鼠肾组织病理变化及肾功能情况[血清肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)],Western blot检测肾组织中TLR9、MyD88、NF-κB p65蛋白表达.结果 与正常组比较,模型组血清IFN-γγ、 IL-6、TNF-α、抗ds-DNA抗体、抗IgM抗体、SCr、BUN、肾组织TLR9、MyD88、NF-κB p65磷酸化水平显著升高(P＜0.05);与模型组比较,IFN-γsiRNA组IFN-γγ、IL-6、TNF-α、抗ds-DNA抗体、抗IgM抗体、SCr、BUN、肾组织TLR9、MyD88、NF-κB p65磷酸化水平显著降低(P＜0.05);但空质粒组与模型组上述指标的比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 转染IFN-γγsiRNA质粒后,可减轻SLE小鼠炎症反应与肾损伤,可能与抑制TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB p65信号通路有关.     

Effect of a Stellate Ganglion Block on Acute Lung Injury in Septic Rats

A stellate ganglion block (SGB) is a clinical sympathetic block which can inhibit the body systemic inflammatory response. However, whether and how SGB can attenuate the sepsis-induced acute lung injury remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effect of SGB on sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats. Ninety healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into three groups: the sham operation group (S group), sepsis group (Sep group), and SGB group. The sepsis model rats were produced by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP), and blood samples were taken from the abdominal aorta of the rats at different time points for evaluating the concentration of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The rats were sacrificed, and lungs were collected to measure the wet/dry (W/D) lung tissue weight ratio, score the lung tissue pathological damage by microscopic examination, determine the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity by spectrophotometry, and measure nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 expression by Western blot. The concentration of serum TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10, lung tissue W/D ratio, pathological injury score, MPO activity, and expression of NF-κB p65 were higher in the Sep group compared with the S group at T_1–4. Furthermore, the concentration of serum TNF-α and IL-6, lung tissue W/D ratio, pathological damage score, MPO activity, and expression of NF-κB p65 were reduced and the concentration of IL-10 was increased in the SGB group compared with the Sep group at T_1–4. The successful sepsis model rats were induced by CLP, and SGB attenuated the sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats.     

穿山龙总皂苷含药血清对IL-17和TNF-α诱导的大鼠滑膜细胞株RSC-364NF-κB p65活性、STAT3及VEGF mRNA表达的影响

目的观察穿山龙总皂苷含药血清对IL-17和TNF-α联合诱导的大鼠滑膜细胞株RSC-364 NF-κB p65活性、STAT3表达及VEGF mRNA表达水平的影响,探讨穿山龙总皂苷抑制类风湿性关节炎血管新生的作用机制。方法制备穿山龙总皂苷和雷公藤(阳性对照)含药血清;取大鼠滑膜细胞株RSC-364经IL-17(10μg/L)和TNF-α(10μg/L)、穿山龙总皂苷含药血清、雷公藤多甙片含药血清单独或联合应用孵育,孵育24 h,提取各组细胞核蛋白用于TransAMTMNF-κB p65活性检测试剂盒检测NF-κB p65的DNA结合活性;提取各组细胞总蛋白后应用Western blot方法观察STAT3蛋白的表达;采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测各组细胞VEGF mRNA的表达情况。结果 IL-17+TNF-α诱导的细胞模型组中NF-κB p65的DNA结合活性、STAT3蛋白表达及VEGFmRNA表达水平均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05);与细胞模型组相比,雷公藤含药血清组、穿山龙总皂苷含药血清组的NF-κB p65 DNA结合活性、STAT3蛋白表达及VEGF mRNA表达水平均显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05),且2组之间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论本研究证实穿山龙总皂苷含药血清可以抑制NF-κB p65的DNA结合活性及STAT3蛋白的表达,考虑穿山龙总皂苷通过上述信号转导途径来调控血管新生关键因子VEGF的产生,进而抑制RA血管新生。     

虫草素联合谷氨酰胺对LPS诱导的脓毒症大鼠炎症失衡及肝肺病理变化的影响

目的　研究虫草素（cordycepin,Cop）联合谷氨酰胺（glutamine,Gln）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides,LPS）诱导的脓毒症大鼠炎症失衡和肝肺病理变化的影响及其可能机制。 方法　将大鼠按体重随机分为5组：对照组、模型组（LPS组）、LPS+Cop组、LPS+Gln组和LPS+Cop+Gln组,腹腔注射LPS（5 mg/kg）诱导建立脓毒症大鼠模型。ELISA检测外周血中炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10的含量;HE染色观察肝肺组织的病理损伤情况;TUNEL染色观察肝肺组织的细胞凋亡情况;Western blot检测肝肺组织中Caspase-3表达水平及NF-κB p65的磷酸化情况 。 结果　LPS+Cop组、LPS+Gln组和LPS+Cop+Gln组均能逆转LPS诱导的促炎因子（IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β）的高表达和抗炎因子（IL-10）的低表达（P<0.05）,减轻病理损伤,抑制细胞凋亡（P<0.05）,降低凋亡蛋白Caspase-3高表达（P<0.05）,下调NF-κB p65的磷酸化水平（P<0.05）。 结论　在LPS诱导的脓毒症大鼠模型中,虫草素联合谷氨酰胺能有效改善其炎症失衡和肝肺病理变化。     

Experimental Study of the Protective Effect of Simvastatin on Lung Injury in Rats with Sepsis

Simvastatin, which is primarily prescribed to lower cholesterol, may also mitigate lung injury caused by sepsis, although the mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of simvastatin on acute lung injury in rats with sepsis and to investigate possible mechanisms. Male Wistar rats were pretreated with simvastatin (0.2 μg/g) for 1 week before cecal ligation and puncture. Treatment with simvastatin demonstrated significant decreases in the concentration of protein, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and lipocalin 2, and the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in septic rats. In addition, simvastatin also reduced levels of Evans blue, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, and wet/dry lung weight ratios, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase in lung tissue. Furthermore, expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB p65, and active caspase-3 proteins and Bax mRNA were also decreased by simvastatin. H&E staining showed that severe lung injury occurred in the sepsis group and that lung injury was reduced by treatment with simvastatin. In conclusion, simvastatin improved endothelial permeability and mitigated the inflammatory response of lung tissue, the oxidative stress response, and cell apoptosis by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby alleviating sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats.     

白芨多糖抑制溃疡性结肠炎大鼠炎性反应与氧化应激

目的从炎性反应与氧化应激两方面研究白芨多糖对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠的治疗作用。方法将大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组(采用0.8 mL,2.5 mg/mL含50%乙醇的三硝基苯磺酸灌肠构建UC模型)、美沙拉嗪组(10 mL/kg)及白芨多糖低、中和高剂量组(100、200和400 mg/kg)。造模2 d后开始灌胃给药,连续10 d,观察大鼠疾病活动指数(DAI);ELISA法检测血清中IL-1β、IL-10和TNF-α水平;RT-qPCR检测结肠组织中IL-1β、IL-10和TNF-αmRNA表达;试剂盒检测结肠组织中SOD、MDA和GSH-Px指标;Western blot检测结肠组织TLR-4、NF-κB p65蛋白表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠体质量减轻,DAI评分升高,IL-1β和TNF-α浓度及mRNA表达升高,IL-10降低,结肠组织中SOD和GSH-Px活性降低,MDA含量及TLR-4、NF-κB p65蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,白芨多糖低、中和高剂量组DAI评分降低,IL-1β和TNF-α浓度及mRNA表达降低,而IL-10升高,结肠组织中SOD和GSH-Px活性升高,MDA含量及TLR-4、NF-κB p65蛋白表达呈剂量依赖性降低(P<0.05)。结论白芨多糖对UC大鼠具有较好的治疗作用,其作用机制可能与抑制炎性反应和氧化应激有关。     

匹诺塞林缓解大鼠肝细胞系BRL-3A低氧/复氧损伤

目的探讨匹诺塞林(PIN)对低氧/复氧(H/R)诱导的大鼠肝细胞损伤的保护作用及其可能机制。方法将大鼠肝细胞(BRL-3A细胞系)分为正常对照组、PIN实验组、低氧复氧损伤模型组和PIN预处理组。CCK-8检测细胞存活率;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法流式细胞计量术检测细胞凋亡;检测细胞培养液中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性;ELISA检测TNF-α和IL-1β含量;Western blot检测细胞中TLR4、IκB-α和NF-κB P65蛋白水平;RT-q PCR检测细胞中TLR4、IκB-α和NF-κB P65mRNA表达。结果在H/R条件下细胞存活率明显降低(P0.01),细胞凋亡率增高(P0.001),ALT活性升高(P0.01),IL-1β和TNF-α含量增多(P0.01),TLR4和NF-κB P65蛋白与mRNA表达水平显著提高(P0.01)而IκB-α降低(P0.05);经PIN预处理后,细胞存活率显著提高(P0.01),细胞凋亡率显著减小(P0.001),ALT活性降低(P0.01),IL-1β和TNF-α含量降低(P0.01),TLR4和NF-κB P65蛋白与mRNA表达水平明显降低(P0.01)而IκB-α升高(P0.05)。结论 PIN对H/R诱导的BRL-3A肝细胞的损伤具有保护作用,且该作用可能是通过TLR4/NF-κB信号通路实现的。     

Pioglitazone, PPARγ Agonist, Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis

Recent advances demonstrate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARγ) agonist, pioglitazone, as an anti-inflammatory drug. We investigated the effect of pioglitazone on experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) rats. Pioglitazone was given once daily (10 mg/kg) by oral gavage feeding from day 1-24 (suppressive group) and day 11-24 (therapeutic group). Pioglitazone ameliorated the clinical score of EAN, decreased expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and the activation of NF-κB, while increasing the expression of PPARγ and IL-4. Furthermore, we observed higher expression of PPARγ and IL-4 and lower expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ and reduced activation of NF-κB in suppressive group than those in the therapeutic group, which corresponds to lower clinical score and earlier disease recovery. Our data effectively demonstrate the anti-inflammatory properties of pioglitazone in EAN by inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.     

Treatment of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Inhibits Systemic Inflammation and Prevents Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

To determine whether low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is able to reduce pulmonary inflammation and improve the survival in rats with endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Rat ALI model was reproduced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into tail vein. Rats were divided randomly into three groups: control group, ALI group, LMWH-treated group. Blood was collected and lung tissue was harvested at the designated time points for analysis. The lung specimens were harvested for morphological studies, streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry examination. Lung tissue edema was evaluated by tissue water content. The levels of lung tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined. Meanwhile, the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein levels in the lung were studied. In survival studies, a separate group of rats were treated with LMWH or sterile saline after LPS administration. Then, the mortality was recorded. Treatment with LMWH after ALI was associated with a reduction in the severity of LPS-induced lung injury. Treatment with LMWH significantly decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, HMGB1 and ICAM-1 in the lung of ALI rats. Similarly, treatment with LMWH dramatically diminished LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration and markedly reduced the enhanced lung permeability. In the present study, LMWH administration inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in the lung. Survival was significantly higher among the LMWH-treated group compared with the ALI group. These data suggest that LMWH attenuates inflammation and prevents lethality in endotoxemic rats.