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1.
Objective
The study was conducted to determine the effects of prenatal education on quality of life and complaints during pregnancy.Methods
This study is a quasi-experimental research with a control group. Personal Information Form and Scale of Complaints during Pregnancy and their Effects on Quality of Life (SCPEQL) were used to collect the data. Thirty participants were included in both the control and the intervention groups (N?=?60).Results
The mean scores of SCPEQL of the intervention group was 46.2?±?21.1 and the mean scores of SCPEQL of the control group was 99.8?±?21.6 in 2nd trimester. In the 3rd trimester, the mean score of SCPEQL of the intervention group was 43.5?±?16.4, and the mean score of SCPEQL of the control group was 108.0?±?16.8. The difference between the groups was statistically significant in 2nd and 3rd trimesters (p?<?0.05).Conclusion
Findings of the study suggest that providing prenatal education reduces complaints and increases quality of life of pregnant women.Practice implications
Assessing complaints during pregnancy by nurses is a part of the prenatal care. Therefore, nurses should evaluate pregnancy-related complaints. Quality of life should be increased by giving effective education about complaints during pregnancy. 相似文献2.
Objective
This study was conducted to examine the effect of education on quality of life and constipation severity in patients with primary constipation.Methods
This randomised controlled study was conducted with 80 patients who applied at the gastroenterology outpatient clinic of a university hospital. In the study, the Constipation Questionnaire, Constipation Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (PAC-QOL), and Constipation Severity Instrument (CSI) were used.Results
It was that found after 4 weeks of education, the total PAC-QOL mean score decreased to 60.85?±?5.65 and total CSI mean score decreased to 20.17?±?4.05 in the intervention group (p?<?0.001). No change was observed in the patients in the control group (p?>?0.05). After 4 weeks, a statistical difference was found between the two groups in PAC-QOL mean score and CSI mean score (p?<?0.05).Conclusion
It was determined that the education given to individuals with primary constipation decreased the constipation severity and increased the quality of life.Practice implications
Constipation education will make a contribution to the active use of follow-up forms by nurses in the clinic for the diagnosis of constipation, individual assessment of each patient, and their active role in constipation management. 相似文献3.
Objectives
To investigate the effects of various diets on structure and function of the bladder in both normal and obstructed bladders of male Wistar rats.Methods
Sham-operated rats and rats with experimentally-induced bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) were fed with standard rats’ feed (control), High-carbohydrate (HCD), High-fat (HFD) and High-protein (HPD) diets. Feeding was continued for 4 weeks after BOO surgery. Bladder weight, detrusor contractility, Rho-Kinase (ROK) and Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK) expressions were determined using standard methods.Results
In comparison with control, bladder weight was increased in HFD (164?±?9?mg), BOO (437?±?21?mg), HFD-BOO (523?±?19?mg) and HPD-BOO (268?±?18?mg). Detrusor contractility was reduced in BOO and HFD-BOO. The ROK- I and II expressions were high in HCD-BOO and low in HPD-BOO but ROK-I was also elevated in BOO. However, MLCK increased only in HCD-BOO.Conclusion
The results of the study reveal that diets with varying macronutrient compositions have variable effects on the bladder with and without obstruction. High-fat diets especially, affect detrusor morphology and function in both obstructed and unobstructed bladders. 相似文献4.
Mateusz Michalski Anna S. Świerzko Sambor Sawicki Andrzej Kałużyński Jolanta Łukasiewicz Anna Maciejewska Dariusz Wydra Maciej Cedzyński 《Immunobiology》2019,224(2):316-324
Background
Ficolin-3 is a pattern-recognition molecule with the ability to activate the lectin pathway of complement. It is found in lung, liver and blood, but its physiological role is unclear. We have investigated interaction of recombinant ficolin-3 with malignant cells and tissues.Material and Methods
Cells of various lines of human origin as well as ovarian tissue sections have been studied with the use of flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.Results
Recombinant (but not serum-derived) ficolin-3 was found to bind strongly to the ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV-3, OVCAR-3 and ES-2, at concentrations of 2.5?μg/ml and above. Moreover, His-tagged recombinant ficolin-3 (10?μg/ml) preferentially stained ovarian tissue sections from patients with malignant tumours compared with those from patients without. Binding to cell lines was inhibited by EDTA and specific carbohydrate ligands, indicating involvement of the fibrinogen-like domain. Binding was enhanced under mildly acidic conditions and at physiological pH after pre-incubation of cells with mildly acidic buffer.Conclusion
Basing on data concerning recombinant protein, it may be suggested that ficolin-3 is involved in immune response in ovarian cancer. However, unidentified serum factor(s) seem(s) to protect cancer cells from recognition by natural or rficolin-3. 相似文献5.
Min Yang Min Wang Xianping Li Yixin Xie Xiaomeng Xia Jingjing Tian Kan Zhang Fang Chen Huan Song Zhihui Dong Aiguo Tang 《Pathology, research and practice》2019,215(2):315-321
Aim
To construct a lentiviral vector with endostatin (ES) and staphylococcal enterotoxin C3(SEC3) gene, and investigate its capacities of inhibition on proliferation and migration of Hela cells.Methods
By inserting ES and SEC3 gene into the plasmid and then transfect 293?T cell, the co-expressed (SEC3-ES) vector were constructed. A series of experiments in vitro were carried out to detect its anti-tumor capacity.Results
SEC3 expression of the vector is about 3 times of GV365-SEC3 vector, and ES expression is over 22.5-fold compared with GV365-ES vector. Moreover, OD490 value of CO group (1.212?±?0.003) was notably lower than NC (negative control) group (1.124?±?0.01) (P?<?0.05) in MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis showed it could block Hela cells in S phase. Meanwhile, in wound healing assay, cells of CO group migrated at a slower rate (0.59?±?0.02) compared with NC group (0.65?±?0.02)(P?<?0.01).Conclusion
The successful construction of co-expressed vector lays the foundation for further studies in vivo. These promising results suggest a new strategy to treating cervical cancer. 相似文献6.
Cody Goessl Paul Estabrooks Wen You Denise Britigan Armando DeAlba Fabio Almeida 《Patient education and counseling》2019,102(5):968-975
Objective
This study evaluates the effectiveness of technology versus in-person, group-initiated diabetes prevention to enhance comprehension of learning objectives between patients with differing health literacy (HL).Methods
Evidence-based content through either a DVD (n?=?217) or in-person, group class (n?=?225) to initiate the intervention. A teach-back call was used to assess comprehension of, and reinforce, learning objectives. Chi-squared was used to determine differences between conditions (DVD vs Class) and HL levels (High n?=?361 vs. Low n?=?81) and regression analyses were used to examine relationships.Results
DVD participants performed significantly better across teach back questions (15.4?±?2.5 v. 14.8?±?2.6, p?<?0.01), demonstrated comprehension in fewer teach-back rounds (1.9?±?0.7 v. 2.1?±?0.7, p?<?0.01), and answered more questions correctly on the first try (4.2?±?1.6 v. 3.4?±?1.8, p?<?0.01). Models for HL levels and modality by HL level were statistically significant (p?<?0.01) favoring the DVD.Conclusion
Initiating a diabetes prevention program with the use of a DVD appears to be a superior option to in-person, class sessions. Teach-back and teach-to-goal strategies enables participants of both high and low health literacy levels to receive and confirm mastery of diabetes prevention objectives.Practice Implications
A teach-back call may improve information uptake increasing the likelihood of health behavior uptake. 相似文献7.
Objectives
Pregnancy options counseling, or nondirective counseling of patients with unintended pregnancy, is a “necessary competency” for medical students according the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Narrative Medicine (NM) utilizes stories of illness to inform clinical practice and promotes self-reflection in medical education. The authors analyzed the effect of a NM workshop on medical students’ ability to provide pregnancy options counseling.Methods
The authors randomized students in the major clinical year at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) to either a 2-hour NM workshop or to a control intervention. The NM group participated in reading and reflective writing exercises addressing varying perspectives on pregnancy. Students then completed a video-taped and numerically-scored OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) regarding pregnancy options counseling. The authors compared mean OSCE scores between the groups.Results
The study analyzed 103 participants. Overall mean OSCE scores were higher in the NM group (11.9?±?1.5, n?=?51) than the control group (11.3?±?1.6, n?=?52) (p?=?0.049).Conclusions
Students undergoing a NM workshop had higher scores on a pregnancy options counseling OSCE.Practice implications
This brief intervention may aid future physicians in providing nondirective pregnancy options. This novel approach to teaching is an easily shared learning tool. 相似文献8.
Objective
Patient education on high-risk medications such as warfarin is important, and they require quick follow-up after initiation to maximize efficacy and safety. In our Anticoagulation Clinic, two 60-minute new patient appointments are available each day, contributing to prolonged lead-time. We instituted standardized warfarin video education to shorten in-clinic-room visit time, to potentially increase new patient appointments.Methods
Patients viewed the video in the waiting area with a goal to decrease visit times by 15?min (25%), before pharmacists completed their visit. Data collected included time spent in the clinic room, education comprehension, and patient feedback.Results
Ninety patient visits were evaluated in one pre-intervention and two post-intervention phases. Patients who received video education spent less time in the clinic room versus those who had not (52.4 vs 39.4?min, p?=?0.001), and two-thirds of all post-intervention visits achieved 25% reduction in visit time. There were no significant differences in education comprehension and patient satisfaction.Conclusion
Video education significantly decreased in-clinic-room visit time, and most patients achieved a goal of 25% reduction in time spent, without a change in comprehension or patient satisfaction.Practice implications
Implementation of video education can reduce clinic times in many patients without significantly impacting patient satisfaction. 相似文献9.
Objective
This study investigated how health care provider communication of risk information, and women’s role in decision-making, influenced women’s preferences for mode of birth after a previous caesarean birth.Methods
Women (N?=?669) were randomised to one of eight conditions in a 2 (selectivity of risk information) × 2 (format of risk information) × 2 (role in decision making) experimental design. After exposure to a hypothetical decision scenario that varied information communicated by an obstetrician to a pregnant woman with a previous caesarean birth across the three factors, women were asked to decide their preferred hypothetical childbirth preference.Results
Women provided with selective information (incomplete/biased toward repeat caesarean) and relative risk formats (ratio of incidence being compared e.g. 2.5 times higher), perceived lower risk for caesarean and were significantly more likely to prefer repeat caesarean birth than those provided with non-selective information (complete/unbiased) and absolute risk formats (incidence rate e.g. 0.01 per 100). Role in decision-making did not significantly influence childbirth preferencesConclusions
Modifiable aspects of healthcare provider communication may influence women’s decision-making about childbirth preferencesPractice implications
Optimised communication about risks of all options may have an impact on over-use of repeat CS. 相似文献10.
Aisha T. Langford Binhuan Wang Natasha A. Orzeck-Byrnes Sneha R. Aidasani Lu Hu Melanie Applegate Dana N. Moloney Mary Ann Sevick Erin S. Rogers Natalie K. Levy 《Patient education and counseling》2019,102(3):520-527
Background
Insulin titration is typically done face-to-face with a clinician; however, this can be a burden for patients due to logistical issues associated with in-person clinical care. The Mobile Insulin Titration Intervention (MITI) used basic cell phone technology including text messages and phone calls to help patients with diabetes find their optimal basal insulin dose (OID).Objective
To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical correlates of reaching OID, text message response rate, and days needed to reach OID.Methods
Primary care providers referred patients to MITI and nurses delivered the program. Three multivariable regression models quantified relationships between various correlates and primary outcomes.Results
The sample included 113 patients from 2 ambulatory clinics, with a mean age of 50 years (SD?=?10), 45% female, 79% Hispanic, 43% unemployed, and 46% uninsured. In regression models, baseline fasting blood glucose (FBG) was negatively associated with odds of reaching OID and 100% text responses, and positively associated with days to reach OID, p?<?.05).Conclusions
Patients with higher baseline FBG levels were less successful across outcomes and may need additional supports in future mHealth diabetes programs.Practical Implications
Basic cell phone technology can be used to adjust patients’ insulin remotely, thereby reducing logistical barriers to care. 相似文献11.
Urawan Withidpanyawong Sanguan Lerkiatbundit Woranuch Saengcharoen 《Patient education and counseling》2019,102(1):85-92
Objectives
To investigate the effectiveness of family intervention for type 2 diabetes and to examine predictors of glycaemic control.Methods
This was a prospective randomised controlled trial. Participants with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n?=?98) or a control group (n?=?98). A pharmacist delivered the educational sessions and encouraged family members to take an active role in self-management practices for the intervention patients. The control patients received usual care.Results
At the end of the study (9-month follow-up), greater reduction in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) occurred in the intervention group than in the control group (?1.37% and ?0.21%, respectively; P?<?0.001). Between-group differences in the improvements of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood pressure were found (P?<?0.05). Higher scores in diabetes knowledge of patients, family support, medication adherence, self-management and self-efficacy were seen in the intervention group than in the control group (P?<?0.05). Multivariable analysis showed family members who were spouses or women were strong predictors of improved glycaemic control.Conclusion
Family-involvement intervention is helpful in diabetes management, especially having spouses or women as caregivers.Practice implications
Family involvement should be encouraged in diabetes care. 相似文献12.
Jayanthi J. Chandar David A. Ludwig Juan Aguirre Adela Mattiazzi Malgorzata Bielecka Marissa Defreitas Alan M. Delamater 《Patient education and counseling》2019,102(5):1035-1039
Objective
The objective of this study was to facilitate functional health literacy (FHL) with a modified “Teach Back” method. A computer-based program was developed for adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients (KTR) to knowledgeably answer questions about their medical condition, medications, and create a simple synopsis of their personal health record with the help of the heath care provider (HCP).Methods
In a pre-post quasi-experimental design, 16 patients received the computer intervention in which they navigated questionnaires and brief informational video clips. Knowledge scores were assessed at baseline and 3 months. The binomial sign test was used to evaluate change in knowledge and purpose of medications.Results
Mean age was 17.3?±?2.4 years and 94% were non-Caucasian. Seven of 16 patients were academically below grade level. Twelve of 16 patients improved their overall knowledge (P?=?0.0002) and purpose of medications (P?=?0.0017).Conclusions
A Modified “Teach Back” during clinic visits was associated with improvements in FHL.Practice Implications
This modified ‘teach back’ program has the potential to improve FHL which could contribute to long-term preservation of kidney transplants. 相似文献13.
Hyon-goo Yun Hyun Joo Lee Bo-ra Kim Joo-hee Lee Jun-hyeong Lee Mi-Yeon Lee Dong-Hoon Kim Jin Hee Sohn Seoung Wan Chae In Gu Do Sung-Im Do Kyungeun Kim 《Pathology, research and practice》2019,215(5):1071-1075
Background
With the recent development of molecular tests for various biomarkers, it has become even more important to prepare adequate tissue samples. However, little is known about how the effect of cold ischemia time or formalin fixation time can affect KRAS mutation detection in colorectal cancer.Methods
This study included the results of KRAS mutation tests for colorectal cancer in 401 specimens. We investigated clinicopathologic factors that may affect DNA quality of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue including specimen type, cold ischemia time, and formalin fixation time and assessed the detection rate of the KRAS mutation in samples with varying DNA quality.Results
Sample DNA quality for KRAS mutation test was better in biopsy specimens, which showed markedly shorter cold ischemia time and shorter formalin fixation time compared to resection specimens. A cold ischemia time of one hour or less was associated with better sample DNA quality. But the formalin fixation time was not a significant factor when it fell within the range performed in routine pathology diagnosis. When prolonged formalin fixation was tested, we confirmed that the specimen DNA quality gradually got worse from one month to three months.Conclusions
The biopsy specimens showed better sample DNA quality for KRAS mutation test compared to resection specimens. In a routine diagnostic pathology setting, the cold ischemia time was an important factor affecting DNA quality and the formalin fixation had a wide time range for optimal DNA quality. 相似文献14.
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T.D.A. Ly S. Edouard S. Badiaga H. Tissot-Dupont V.T. Hoang V. Pommier de Santi P. Brouqui D. Raoult P. Gautret 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2019,25(2):249.e1-249.e6
Objectives
To assess risk factors for respiratory tract infection symptoms and signs in sheltered homeless people in Marseille during the winter season, including pathogen carriage.Methods
Data on 479 male participants within two shelters who completed questionnaires and a total of 950 nasal and pharyngeal samples were collected during the winters of 2015–2017. Respiratory pathogen carriage including seven viruses and four bacteria was assessed by quantitative PCR.Results
The homeless population was characterized by a majority of individuals of North African origin (300/479, 62.6%) with a relatively high prevalence of chronic homelessness (175/465, 37.6%). We found a high prevalence of respiratory symptoms and signs (168/476, 35.3%), a very high prevalence of bacterial carriage (313/477, 65.6%), especially Haemophilus influenzae (280/477, 58.7%), and a lower prevalence of virus carriage (51/473, 10.8%) with human rhinovirus being the most frequent (25/473, 5.3%). Differences were observed between the microbial communities of the nose and throat. Duration of homelessness (odds ratio (OR) 1.77, p 0.017), chronic respiratory diseases (OR 5.27, p <0.0001) and visiting countries of origin for migrants (OR 1.68, p 0.035) were identified as independent risk factors for respiratory symptoms and signs. A strong association between virus (OR 2.40, p 0.012) or Streptococcus pneumoniae (OR 2.32, p 0.014) carriage and respiratory symptoms and signs was also found.Conclusions
These findings allowed identification of the individuals at higher risk for contracting respiratory tract infections to better target preventive measures aimed at limiting the transmission of these diseases in this setting. 相似文献18.
U. Olivia Kim K. Barnekow S.I. Ahamed S. Dreier C. Jones M. Taylor Md.K. Hasan M.A. Basir 《Patient education and counseling》2019,102(4):701-708
Objective
To develop an educational mobile application (app) for expectant parents diagnosed with risk factors for premature birth.Methods
Parent and medical advisory panels delineated the vision for the app. The app helps prepare for preterm birth. For pilot testing, obstetricians offered the app between 18–22 weeks gestational age to English speaking parents with risk factors for preterm birth. After 4 weeks of use, each participant completed a questionnaire. The software tracked topics accessed and duration of use.Results
For pilot testing, 31 participants were recruited and 28 completed the questionnaire. After app utilization, participants reported heightened awareness of preterm birth (93%), more discussion of pregnancy or prematurity issues with partner (86%), increased questions at clinic visits (43%), and increased anxiety (21%). Participants reported receiving more prematurity information from the app than from their healthcare providers. The 15 participants for whom tracking data was available accessed the app for an average of 8?h.Conclusion
Parents with increased risk for preterm birth may benefit from this mobile app educational program.Practice implications
If the pregnancy results in preterm birth hospitalization, parents would have built a foundation of knowledge to make informed medical care choices. 相似文献19.
Objective
This study aims to examine the impacts of gain vs. loss-framed messages and narrative messages on Chinese women’s intentions to get HPV vaccines for their children.Methods
A survey experiment was conducted among Chinese females (N?=?453) assessing their responses to 3 types of messages (i.e. gain-framed, loss-framed and narrative) designed to promote HPV vaccination.Results
No main effect was found for message types, but loss-framed message slightly increased vaccination intention. Time orientation moderated the relationship between message framing and vaccination intention.Conclusion
Narrative message works better among present-minded individuals, whereas gain-framed message was more persuasive for future-minded individuals. Integration of message frames (gain vs. loss) and message type (narrative vs. non-narrative) is recommended for future research.Practice Implications
Narrative persuasion could be an effective tool in promoting health behaviors especially among present-minded individuals, or when the consequences of health decisions are temporally distant. 相似文献20.
Gregorio Martínez-Ozuna Jesús Santos-Guzmán Noé Enrique Pérez Anguiano Georgina Herrera Martínez Karla Patricia Pacheco Alvarado 《Educación Médica》2019