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1.
OBJECTIVES: Hyperglycaemia can result in oxidative stress which may affected as cellular tissue damage. DESIGN AND METHODS: After 3, 6, 12 and 24 weeks of hyperglycaemia oxidative stress related parameters were measured in lung tissue of diabetic and control rabbits. RESULTS: Decreased activities of antioxidative compounds and intensification of lipid peroxidation process were found in diabetic lung. CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained suggest that hyperglycaemia induces oxidative stress in lung tissue which may play an important role in pathogenesis of diabetic complications.  相似文献   

2.
目的:在实验动物饲料中加入胆固醇复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,观察高脂血症对全身脏器造成的损害。 方法:选择健康日本大耳白兔50只,所有动物用添加1g胆固醇的饲料喂养,1个月后每天添加0.5g,共喂2.5个月,复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,分别于实验前与实验结束时进行血脂含量测定,血脂测定后将全部动物耳静脉空气栓塞处死。取心、肺、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺,立即固定于40g/L甲醛液中。对每例主动脉有代表的病变取材。整个心脏取得3个水平切面。肺、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺均作非选择性取材。每个脏器取2块。上述组织块全部用石蜡包埋、常规切片,除苏木精-伊红染色外,主动脉及心脏标本做PAS染色、Aleian blue染色,Van-Geison染色、Weigert弹力纤维染色,光镜观察,取3例主动脉标本做透射电镜观察。 结果:纳入实验大耳白兔50只,实验过程中死亡12只,进入结果分析38只。①实验前与高胆固醇饲料喂养前后血脂含量测定结果:高胆固醇饲料喂养后所有大耳白兔三酰甘油及血浆胆固醇含量明显高于实验前[(183.26&;#177;13.4,42.24&;#177;20.3)mmol/L,(1043.60&;#177;541.4,98.7&;#177;35.2)mmol/L,(P均〈0.01)]。②实验后所有动物主动脉、心血管及其他脏器的病变:光镜观察结果显示,实验后大耳白兔主动脉内膜下有呈线状、斑块状脂质浸润。病变以主动脉弓最重,大致上越往下越轻,电镜下平滑肌细胞内出现大小不等的空泡;心外冠状动脉眼观和镜下病变轻微,大多数动物出现间质性肺炎,少数有急性肺水肿。肺内血管未发现有动脉粥样硬化改变;肝细胞脂肪变性;全部大耳白兔在脾窦中见巨噬细胞增生,肾上腺肿大明显,血窦闭锁,常见散在性点状坏死。 结论:高脂血症使血脂含量升高,使主动脉和冠状动脉发生病变,造成心、肝、脾、肾上腺等的病变。  相似文献   

3.
目的:在实验动物饲料中加入胆固醇复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,观察高脂血症对全身脏器造成的损害。方法:选择健康日本大耳白兔50只,所有动物用添加1g胆固醇的饲料喂养,1个月后每天添加0.5g,共喂2.5个月,复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,分别于实验前与实验结束时进行血脂含量测定,血脂测定后将全部动物耳静脉空气栓塞处死。取心、肺、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺,立即固定于40g/L甲醛液中。对每例主动脉有代表的病变取材。整个心脏取得3个水平切面。肺、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺均作非选择性取材,每个脏器取2块。上述组织块全部用石蜡包埋、常规切片,除苏木精-伊红染色外,主动脉及心脏标本做PAS染色、Alcianblue染色,Van-Geison染色、Weigert弹力纤维染色,光镜观察,取3例主动脉标本做透射电镜观察。结果:纳入实验大耳白兔50只,实验过程中死亡12只,进入结果分析38只。①实验前与高胆固醇饲料喂养前后血脂含量测定结果:高胆固醇饲料喂养后所有大耳白兔三酰甘油及血浆胆固醇含量明显高于实验前眼(183.26±13.4,42.24±20.3)mmol/L,(1043.60±541.4,98.7±35.2)mmol/L熏穴P均<0.01雪演。②实验后所有动物主动脉、心血管及其他脏器的病变:光镜观察结果显示,实验后大耳白兔主动脉内膜下有呈线状、斑块状脂质浸润。病变以主动脉弓最重,大致上越往下越轻,电镜下平滑肌细胞内出现大小不等的空泡;心外冠状动脉眼观和镜下病变轻微,大多数动物出现间质性肺炎,少数有急性肺水肿。肺内血管未发现有动脉粥样硬化改变;肝细胞脂肪变性;全部大耳白兔在脾窦中见巨噬细胞增生,肾上腺肿大明显,血窦闭锁,常见散在性点状坏死。结论:高脂血症使血脂含量升高,使主动脉和冠状动脉发生病变,造成心、肝、脾、肾上腺等的病变。  相似文献   

4.
目的 观察急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)时经穴组织及相关脏腑组织氧分压变化的特点,阐明ARDS局部组织氧合情况与全身氧合情况的相关性及经穴组织和相关脏腑氧代谢的相关性.方法 选择健康新西兰大白兔20只,按随机数字表法分为ARDS模型组和对照组,每组10只.采用颈静脉注射油酸(0.08~ 0.1 mL/kg)的方法复制ARDS动物模型;对照组仅行气管切开、机械通气、动/静脉置管等操作而不给予油酸.用组织氧测定仪测定吸入氧浓度(FiO2)分别为0.21和1.00时两组足三里穴内、胃和肝组织的氧分压(PtO2),同时行动脉血和混合静脉血血气分析,计算氧摄取率(O2ER).结果 FiO2 0.21时ARDS模型组足三里穴内、胃和肝PtO2均明显高于对照组,动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、混合静脉血氧分压(PvO2)、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)、混合静脉血氧饱和度(SvO2)、O2ER均明显低于同期对照组.FiO2 1.00时两组足三里穴内、胃和肝PtO2及PaO2、SaO2、O2ER均较FiO2 0.21时升高,以ARDS模型组足三里穴内、胃和肝PtO2、O2ER水平升高更显著〔PtO2(kPa):足三里穴内:16.75±2.12比13.80±1.83,胃:16.45±1.33比13.35±1.25,肝:16.43±1.45比13.45±1.36, O2ER:(36.14±0.97)%比(30.81±1.01)%〕,PaO2、SaO2、SvO2以对照组升高更显著〔PaO2(mmHg,1 mmHg= 0.133 kPa):682.02±50.32比159.32±40.17,SaO2:1.00±0.00比0.98±0.01,SvO2:0.69±0.01比0.63±0.03,均P<0.05〕.与本组FiO2 0.21时比较,ARDS模型组FiO2 1.00时PvO2升高,对照组则降低,ARDS模型组和对照组比较差异有统计学意义(mmHg:36.00±2.83比42.50±1.70,P<0.05).且足三里穴内和胃PtO2呈正相关(r=0.963,P<0.001).结论 ARDS时在全身性氧输送障碍情况下,脏腑组织氧需求显著增加,但氧利用明显障碍,这可能与细胞线粒体功能障碍有关.经穴组织与相关脏腑组织氧分压有很好的相关性,经穴组织氧测定对脏腑组织氧代谢监测有重要的指导意义.  相似文献   

5.
大承气汤对实验性肺水肿伴多脏器损害家兔的保护作用   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的 :探讨大承气汤对实验性肺水肿伴多脏器损害的治疗作用 ,为其临床应用提供科学依据。方法 :沿兔耳缘静脉一次性注射油酸 ,复制实验性肺水肿伴多脏器损害动物模型。用大承气汤灌胃法观察该方对模型动物的治疗作用。结果 :油酸在引起急性肺水肿的同时还可引起多脏器的损害。大承气汤在改善家兔实验性肺水肿的同时可明显减轻多脏器损害。结论 :大承气汤对实验性肺水肿伴多脏器损害家兔具有保护作用 ,可稳定内环境 ,促进多脏器功能恢复  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨避免化疗药物外渗引起永久性组织损伤的防治方法。方法建立诺维苯外漏动物模型(对照组)后,分别采用热敷、冷敷、二甲亚砜涂擦3种方法处理。结果冷敷在第1、2、3天,实验组与对照组差异都有显著性,实验组红肿、溃烂程度比对照组轻;热敷在第1、2、3天,实验组与对照组差异都没有显著性;二甲亚砜在第1天,实验组与对照组差异无显著性。第2天和第3天,实验组与对照组差异都有显著性,实验组红肿、溃烂程度比对照组轻。结论二甲亚砜能减轻由于诺维苯渗漏引起的组织损伤。  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)后脑组织内皮素受体A(ETRA)的表达与延迟性神经功能障碍(DND)之间的关系.方法 将31只日本大耳白兔随机分组:SAH组15只,盐水对照组10只,穿刺对照组与正常对照组各3只,SAH组和盐水对照组再均分为制模后1 h、3 d、5 d、7 d、10 d共5个亚组,采用枕大池二次注血法制备兔SAH模型.按各时间点将兔进行灌注,处死后取其被血液浸泡的基底动脉中段脑干组织制成切片,进行苏木素一伊红(HE)染色及ETRA免疫组化染色;光镜下观察延髓组织病理学变化,采用阳性细胞计数法对ETRA进行半定量分析.结果 穿刺对照组、正常对照组兔脑组织中神经元细胞和胶质细胞胞质内均有少量ETRA表达[(10.6±3.9)个/视野,(10.0±2.8)个/视野];盐水对照组内有个别细胞表达ETRA,对各亚组间阳性细胞计数进行方差分析,结果显示差异无统计学意义[最低(12.3±2.1)个/视野,最高(13.3±2.6)个/视野,P>0.05];SAH组制模后1 h ETRA表达的阳性细胞计数有轻微升高C(20.1>3.5)个/视野],3 d表达最强烈[(48.8±6.7)个/视野],5、7、10 d呈缓慢下降的趋势[分别为(23.1±2.9)、(22.5±4.2)、(19.1±2.8)个/视野],方差分析结果显示差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且制模后各时间点ETRA阳性细胞数明显高于盐水对照组(P均<0.05).结论 SAH后兔脑组织ETRA呈高度表达;ETRA可能在DND的发病机制中起到重要的作用.  相似文献   

8.
In this experimental study, investigators exploredp53 tumor suppressor gene mutation induced by low and high doses of iodine-131 sodium iodide (I-131) in salivary gland tissue in rats. Group 1 consisted of 10 rats; low and high I-131 doses were applied at a 1-wk interval. First, low doses of I-131 were injected. (The net injected dose was 47.5±9.2 μCi.) After 1 wk, high doses of I-131 were also injected. (The net injected dose was 1007.2±53 μCi.) Group 2 consisted of 5 rats, and only a low I-131 dose was applied. (The net injected dose was 52.7±5.5 μCi.) The Control Group consisted of 5 rats that did not receive I-131. Thyroidal I-131 uptakes were calculated for Groups 1 and 2 with the use of a gamma camera after 24 h of injections. Immediately after uptake was calculated, salivary glands were resected in all groups and DNA was extracted for genotyping. Genomic DNA of thep53 gene exon 5 was examined by polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformational polymorphism. In Group 1, thyroidal I-131 uptakes were calculated as 12.45%±4.14% and 9.66%±6.73% after low-dose and high-dose I-131 applications, respectively. In Group 2, thyroidal I-131 uptake was calculated as 13.12%±3.04%. In Group 1,p53 gene abnormality was seen in the salivary gland of only 1 of the rats. Double and single-strand gene profiles showed that both alleles of this rat have a mutated single-strand conformational polymorphism profile of point mutation in thep53 gene exon 5. This rat received the highest low dose and the second highest total dose of I-131; its thyroidal uptakes were the second highest. In the other rats in Group 1, and in Group 2 and the Control Group,p53 gene abnormalities were not observed. In Groups 1 and 2, a significant relationship could not be discerned between thyroidal uptake of I-131 andp53 gene mutation in the salivary gland. No significant relationship was observed between thyroidal uptake alterations andp53 gene mutations in salivary glands in Group 1. A point mutation in thep53 gene exon 5 that was seen in only 1 of the rats in Group 1 seems related to the high-dose application of I-131, although coincidental occurrences could not be excluded. We believe that this topic is open to additional in vivo studies.  相似文献   

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10.
背景:以往牙髓炎动物模型的建立大多应用内毒素,不能完全反映临床牙髓炎的形成过程。目的:观察应用变形链球菌诱导兔牙牙髓炎模型不同时间炎症特征。方法:选用20只健康新西兰大白兔,随机将下颌前牙分为实验组和对照组;在兔两颗下颌前牙舌面钻孔,对照组一颗置入生理盐水,实验组另一颗置入变形链球菌,术后1,3,5,7d各处死兔5只;观察牙髓炎炎症转归。结果与结论:实验组术后1d炎症反应较轻,经过3,5,7d牙髓炎症反应逐渐加重,牙髓血管充血、渗出严重,牙髓组织出现坏死。对照组牙髓炎症随着时间的推移,血管扩张逐渐加重,偶有牙髓组织坏死。结果表明,应用变形链球菌诱导牙髓炎症形成过程更符合牙髓炎病理学特征。  相似文献   

11.
Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of fluconazole in rabbits.   总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
Fluconazole is a new bis-triazole antifungal compound which has in vivo and in vitro activity against Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans and excellent penetration into cerebrospinal fluid. However, little is known about the penetration of fluconazole into tissue sites other than cerebrospinal fluid. We therefore studied by high-pressure liquid chromatography the penetration of fluconazole into nine different tissue sites at times of peak and trough concentrations in plasma in rabbits. Fluconazole penetrated into all tissue sites. Tissue/plasma concentration ratios were greater at time of trough concentrations in plasma than at times of peak concentrations in plasma. The finding that fluconazole penetrated into target organs commonly infected by Candida spp. and C. neoformans further supports the therapeutic potential of fluconazole for disseminated candidiasis or cryptococcosis in immunocompromised hosts.  相似文献   

12.
The study demonstrates that hypercholesterinemia in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) is associated with functional depression of microcirculation, increase in total peripheral vascular resistance, reduction in the functional efficiency of heart and decrease in activity tolerance. After receiving a course of low-intensity infrared laser radiation treatment the patients displayed positive changes in blood lipid spectrum, which was associated with improvement in microcirculation, decrease in afterload, increase in economization of heart functioning and activity tolerance. The obtained results demonstrate that the hypolipidemic effect of laser radiation is a substantial factor in the regression of CHD manifestations.  相似文献   

13.
背景目前治疗膝骨关节炎的药物主要是非类固醇类药,应用后可产生胃肠道副作用.研究表明,补肾益气活血方能明显改善膝骨关节炎患者关节疼痛和功能,并且副作用较小.目的通过建立兔膝关节骨关节炎模型,探讨补肾益气活血方对兔病变膝关节软骨病理过程的影响.设计以实验动物为研究对象,随机对照观察研究.单位一所大学动物实验中心.材料健康雄性新西兰兔36只,体质量2.0~3.0kg.方法实验于2002-01/2003-01在广州中医药大学动物实验中心完成.新西兰兔36只,建立Hulth膝骨关节炎模型,术后随机分成3组模型组、醋氨酚组和补肾益气活血方组.各组采取相应的处理方法,术后4,8和12周取材,进行组织病理学评估.主要观察指标主要结局各组关节软骨病理改变积分.次要结局①各组关节软骨肉眼观察.②各组关节软骨光镜观察.结果模型组、醋氨酚组、补肾益气活血方组关节软骨病理变化总积4周分别为(18.50±1.00),(14.25±1.26),(11.75±2.22)分;12周分别为(30.75±1.26),(22.00±3.16),(17.75±2.21)分.各组关节软骨病理变化总积分、软骨细胞病理改变积分和软骨表层病理改变积分依次为模型组>醋氨酚组>补肾益气活血方组.组间比较差异均有显著或非常显著性意义.结论补肾益气活血方能延缓膝骨关节炎的病理过程,达到防治膝骨关节炎的作用.  相似文献   

14.
In experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), produced by injecting rabbits with whole rabbit spinal cord together with tubercle bacilli and mineral oil, lesions comparable to those seen in the central nervous system are found in the nerve roots, spinal ganglia, and peripheral nerves. When special fractions of bovine white matter are used as antigen in rabbits, the same distribution of lesions is seen but peripheral nerve involvement is relatively less frequent. When rabbit sciatic nerve or spinal ganglia are used as antigen in rabbits, lesions occur only in the roots, ganglia, and peripheral nerves. Lesions are not produced in the central nervous system, nor is there a meningitis. This disease picture has been called experimental allergic neuritis (EAN). The antigenicity of rabbit nerve is not impaired by autoclaving. Sciatic nerve of other mammalian species produces the same disease in rabbits as does rabbit nerve. Optic nerve, used as antigen, produces the typical picture of EAE, not EAN. The optic nerves are not affected in EAN, whereas they commonly contain lesions in EAE. There are differences of symptomatology, referable to the difference in distribution of lesions, between EAE and EAN. The spinal fluid of EAE shows an increase both in the number of cells and in the total protein content. In EAN, the same changes in protein are observed, but usually the cell count remains normal. The cell count appears to be related to the involvement of cerebral and spinal meninges, which is an almost invariable accompaniment of EAE. The skin tests and serologic studies made with homologous and heterologous antigens were essentially non-contributory, apparently as a consequence of the diversity of antigens present in the inoculated materials. The similarity between EAN and certain of the human polyneuritides is indicated and discussed.  相似文献   

15.
Modular cardiac tissues developed both vascular and cardiac structures in vivo, provided that the host response was attenuated by omitting xenoproteins from the modules. Collagen gel modules (with MatrigelTM) containing cardiomyocytes (CMs) alone or CMs with surface‐seeded endothelial cells (ECs; CM/EC modules) were injected into the peri‐infarct zone of the heart in syngeneic Lewis rats. After 3 weeks, donor ECs developed into blood vessel‐like structures that also contained erythrocytes. However, no donor CMs were found within the implant sites, presumably because host cells including macrophages and T cells infiltrated extensively into the injection sites. To lessen the host response, Matrigel was omitted from the matrix and the modules were rinsed with serum‐free medium prior to implantation. Host cell infiltration was attenuated, resulting in a higher degree of vascularization with CM/EC modules than with CM modules without ECs. Most importantly, donor CMs matured into striated muscle‐like structures in Matrigel‐free implants. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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17.
Previous experiments (Gollub et al. [10]. Giercksky et al.) have shown that phospholipase C (PLC) has a protective effect on rats and rabbits receiving thromboplastin infusions. As a step towards the possible use of PLC in humans, we have investigated further the use of PLC in rabbits. Infusions of human or rabbit thromboplastin caused a rapid fall in factors V and VIII. LD50 for our standard human thromboplastin preparation was estimated to be 1.5--1.8 ml/kg. Highly purified PLC was given as an intravenous bolus immediately before thromboplastin. No improvement of survival and only a slight difference in factors V and VIII were observed, in contrast to earlier observations in the rat. This may in part be due to differences in the susceptibility to PLC of the thromboplastins used. PLC was also more toxic in rabbits than in rats.  相似文献   

18.
组织工程技术的建立和发展为外科领域中组织缺损和器官功能障碍提供了全新的治疗模式和手段。它标志着医学将走出器官移植的范畴,步入预制、再生组织和器官的新时代。组织工程学研究涉及细胞生物学、材料学、工程学、生物化学、免疫学、发育生物学、分子生物学、临床医学及伦理学等多学科的交叉与渗透,是一项复杂的系统工程。目前,工程化软骨、皮肤、角膜、血管、肌腱、骨等的体外构建及动物移植实验研究已取得重大进展,其中组织工程皮肤和软骨已商品化用于临床治疗。进一步寻求防止种子细胞功能老化的方法、发掘新的细胞来源途径、选择更接近细胞生长微环境的支架材料以及探索增进工程化组织器官血管化的有效措施等,均是组织工程研究中亟待解决的重要问题。目前的研究热点主要集中在干细胞的研究、基因转染技术的应用、生物材料的分子设计等方面。要达到使工程化组织器官能提供“现货供应”(off-the-shelf)以满足临床应用需要的目标,尚需付出较长时间的艰辛努力。现就组织工程种子细胞的来源、支架材料的选择及组织器官体外构建与应用研究进展作一阐述。  相似文献   

19.
Serum antibodies to P2 protein, myelin basic protein (MBP) and galactocerebroside (GC) were examined to study the role of humoral factors in experimental allergic neuritis (EAN). Out of 19 outbred rabbits sensitized with peripheral nerve homogenate, 14 developed EAN and the remaining 5 rabbits did not develop the disease. Anti-P2 protein and anti-MBP antibodies were detected not only in the EAN rabbits but also in the nonresponders. On the other hand, anti-GC antibody was detected in 7 of 14 EAN rabbits but not in the nonresponders. This antibody appeared near the onset of the clinical signs. As 7 rabbits developed EAN in the absence of the antibody and the titer did not correlate with the clinical severity, it is unlikely that anti-GC antibody is the major factor in inducing EAN. However, this antibody, along with other factors, may play a role in EAN.  相似文献   

20.
The efficacy of aztreonam (SQ 26,776) in the therapy of active syphilis infection was evaluated in the rabbit model. Aztreonam was effective in treating active syphilis at a dose of 25 mg/kg given intramuscularly twice daily for 10 days; doses of 2.5 and 0.25 mg/kg were not effective.  相似文献   

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