Effects of Electromagnetic Field and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Osteoblast＇s Growth

Osteoblasts of rat cultured in vitro were stimulated with pulsed 50 Hz electromagnetic field and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF). The MTT method, flow cytometry and histochemistry staining were used to detect cell proliferation, cell cycle and alkaline phosphatase. The results indicated : after stimulated by 1 mT electromagnetic field, the cells are more abundant,have more S phase percentages, 2 mT electromagnetic field have no evident effect on cells‘ growth;compared with electromagnetic field, the cells stimulated by bFGF are more abundant and have larger S phase ratios. Electromagnetic field and bFGF have no effect on cells, alkaline phosphatase. Therefore ,we concluded that electromagnetic field can enhance osteoblasts growth like some growth factor such as basic fibroblast growth factor, and the osteoblasts‘, characteristics was not changed.     

Visualization of Three-dimensional Human Data Based on CT Image

Three-dimensional medical image visualization becomes an essential part for medical field,including computer aided diagnosis,surgery planning and simulation,artificial limb surgery,radiotherapy planning,and teaching etc.In this paper,marching cubes algorithm is adopted to reconstruct the 3-D images for the CT image sequence in DICOM format under theVC++6.0 and the visual package VTK platform.The relatively simple interactive operations such as rotation and transfer can be realized on the platform.Moreover,the normal vector and interior point are calculated to form the virtual clipping plane,which is then used to incise the 3-D object.Information of the virtual slice can be obtained,in the mean while the virtual slice images are displayed on the screen.The technique can realize the real time interaction extraction of virtual slice on 3-D CT image.The cuboids structured can be zoomed,moved and circumrotated by operating mouse to incise the 3-D reconstruction object.Real time interaction can be realized by clipping the reconstruction object.The coordinates can be acquired by the mouse clicking in the 3D space,to realize the point mouse pick-up as well angle and distance interactive measurement.We can get quantitative information about 3-D images through measurement.     

湖南部分医学院学生自杀认知水平的调查研究

Objective:To study the knowledge about suicide among medical students in Hunan province of China and to provide scientific basis for preventing suicide. Methods:A total of 446 students were selected by random cluster sampling techniques and their knowledge of suicide was assessed by the Suicide Knowledge Questionnaire. Results, The correctness rates of three schools were 58.29%, 59.14% and 57.94% respectively. School teaching was the main channel for medical students to obtain suicide knowledge. Conclusion: Medical students have not received adequate education on suicide, and have some severe misunderstanding about suicide.     

组织工程半月板：种子细胞和理化因素

BACKGROUND: As meniscectomy may result in various adverse reactions, tissue-engineered meniscus is expected to be used for meniscus repair. Seed cell selection and optimal physicochemical stimuli are crucial for the construction of tissue-engineered meniscus. OBJECTIVE:To overview the seed cells for the tissue-engineered meniscus construction and the research progress of physicochemical factors. METHODS: The first author retrieved the CNKI and Medline databases using the keywords of “meniscus, tissue engineering, seed cells, physical and chemical factors” in English and Chinese, respectively, to retrieve articles related to the seed cells and physicochemical factors of the tissue-engineered meniscus construction. Irrelative and repetitive articles were excluded, and 49 eligible articles were enrolled for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The seed cells must maintain their phenotype and synthetic ability after physicochemical stimulation in combination with scaffolds, to achieve the reproducibility of tissue-engineered meniscus. Most of cytokines can be used for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, but the underlying mechanisms were little known. Their application in the meniscus tissue engineering needs to be studied in depth. Currently it is urgent to improve physicochemical stimuli in order to construct the tissue-engineered meniscus. The shear force does harm to chondrocyte phenotype, and dynamic compression loading has been proved to enhance Ca+ and glycosaminoglycan release. The fibrous cartilage stimulated by shear force and other factors may be helpful for constructing the tissue-engineered meniscus. An elaborated randomized controlled trial and the long-term quantitative analysis are of importance to assess the research results. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Heart＇omicsin＇AGEing （HOMAGE）：design,research objectives and characteristics of the common database

Heart failure is common in older people and its prevalence is increasing.The Heart ＇omics＇ in AGEing（HOMAGE） project aims to provide a biomarker approach that will improve the early diagnosis of heart failure.A large clinical database,based on（1） prospective population studies or（2） cross-sectional,prospective studies or randomized controlled trials（RCTs） of patients at risk for or with overt cardiovascular disease will be constructed to determine most promising ＇omics＇-based biomarkers to identify the risk of developing heart failure and/or comorbidities.Population studies,patient cohorts and RCTs are eligible for inclusion in the common database,if they received ethical approval to obtain and share data and have baseline information on cardiovascular risk factors.Currently,the HOMAGE database includes 43,065 subjects,from 20 studies in eight European countries,including healthy subjects from three population studies in France,Belgium and Italy（n = 7,124）,patients with heart failure（n = 4,312） from four cohorts in the UK,Spain and Switzerland and patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease（n = 31,629） in 13 cohorts.It is anticipated that more partners will join the consortium and enlarge the pooled data.This large merged database will be a useful resource with which to identify candidate biomarkers that play a role in the mechanism underlying the onset and progression of heart failure.     

Research hotspot of biological scaffold materials promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells北大核心

BACKGROUND: At present, a single biological scaffold material is difficult to meet the osteogenic needs of bone tissue engineering, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have excellent osteogenic characteristics. Composite scaffolds and scaffolds combined with growth factors have better osteogenic ability. It is a research hotspot at present. OBJECTIVE: To review different biological scaffolds and their modified scaffolds to promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: The related articles published in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed and Embase databases from January 2014 to July 2020 were searched by the first author with the keywords of “bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, scaffolds, osteogenic differentiation, hydroxyapatite, collagen, chitosan” in English and Chinese. Finally, 69 articles were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The rapid development of bone tissue engineering can effectively solve the problem of bone defect repair. Seed cells and biological scaffold materials are the core of bone tissue engineering. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have excellent osteogenic differentiation ability and are widely used in bone tissue engineering. The combination of different scaffold materials, the use of advanced preparation technology, or the surface modification of scaffolds and the addition of growth factors can fully combine the advantages of various biological scaffold materials, induce the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the formation of scaffold blood vessels, and achieve the purpose of repairing bone defects, and is the research focus of bone tissue engineering. © 2022, Publishing House of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

Automatic seizure detection with different time delays using SDFT and time-domain feature extraction

Automatic seizure detection is important for fast detection of the seizure because the way that the expert denotes and searches for seizure in the long signal takes time. The most common way to detect seizures automatically is to use an electroencephalogram(EEG). Many studies have used feature extraction that needs time for calculation. In this study, sliding discrete Fourier transform(SDFT) was applied for conversion to a frequency domain without using a window, which was compared with using window for feature selection. SDFT was calculated for each time series sample directly without any delay by using a simple infinite impulse response(IIR)structure. The EEG database of Bonn University was used to test the proposed method, and two cases were defined to examine a two-classifier feedforward neural network and an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system. Results revealed that the maximum accuracies were 93% without delay and 99.8% with a one-second delay. This delay accrued because the average was taken for the results with a one-second window.     

Competing endogenous RNA regulates the development of osteoarthritis北大核心

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint diseases. With the increasing global incidence and prevalence of osteoarthritis, effective early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis have become an urgent problem. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the important biological functions of long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and pseudogenes and their regulatory roles as competing endogenous RNAs in osteoarthritis pathogenesis to gain a comprehensive, in-depth and new understanding of the involvement of competing endogenous RNAs in osteoarthritis progression and to provide new clues for early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. METHODS: CNKI, PubMed, VIP and WanFang databases were searched for articles published before 2022. The search terms were “osteoarthritis, competing endogenous RNA, circular RNA, long non-coding RNAs, pseudogenes” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Non-coding RNAs with the same microRNA response elements, including long non-coding RNAs, cyclic RNAs and pseudogenes, are involved in the construction of a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs centered on microRNAs. Non-coding RNAs, cyclic RNAs and pseudogenes can act as competing endogenous RNAs to adsorb microRNAs through “sponge” so as to regulate gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs, cyclic RNAs and pseudogenes can act as competing endogenous RNAs to regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of osteoarthritic chondrocytes, the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix and the occurrence of inflammatory events. The practical application of the regulatory network of competing endogenous RNA to the clinical setting still faces many challenges and problems. The research on competing endogenous RNA as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis is still at an early stage, and the current research on competing endogenous RNA regulatory network is still focused on the identification and validation of individual competing endogenous RNAs, and this regulatory network needs to be further supplemented and improved. However, with the development of advanced technologies, competing endogenous RNAs are expected to become early diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis diseases. © 2023, Publishing House of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

An Alternative Derivation for Bronnikov’s Reconstruction Algorithm in X-ray Phase Contrast Tomography

In this article, we present an alternative derivation for Bronnikov’s reconstruction algorithm in X-ray phase contrast tomography with holographic measurements. A two-step method was used in the alternative derivation. The phase shift induced by the object was obtained by Fourier transform and the real part of the complex refractive index of the object was retrieved by applying the conventional filtered backprojection method. The alternative derivation provides an easier way to understand the reconstruction formula.     

Application and characteristics of bone graft materials in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis北大核心

BACKGROUND: Thorough removal of local necrotic lesions and one-stage use of bone repair materials can significantly promote local bony fusion, avoid recurrence of tuberculosis in the middle and long terms and reconstruct spinal stability in the surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE: To review the application of bone graft materials in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. METHODS: The first author searched the articles related to bone graft materials of spinal tuberculosis in Bailian, CNKI, and Natures databases published from 2001 to 2020. The priority was the articles published recently or in authoritative journals. The search keywords were “bone graft materials, bone tissue engineering; spinal tuberculosis; titanium mesh; autogenous bone” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, bone graft materials have been widely used in clinic, but each has its own disadvantages. For example, the amount of autologous bone is limited, and the transplantation of autologous bone will cause bleeding and potential complications of donor site; allogeneic bone will lead to delayed healing and infection; titanium mesh has the problems of postoperative subsidence and kyphosis correction angle loss; the organic polymer materials such as polylactic acid and polymethyl methacrylate are lack of bone induction performance. Although Ca/P-based ceramic materials can be used as carrier materials of antituberculosis drugs, their biomechanical properties cannot fully meet the clinical needs. In view of the shortcomings of the above materials, it is necessary to find a composite bone tissue engineering material, which can meet the requirements of good biocompatibility, mechanical properties, degradation properties, osteogenic activity, and drug release performance. © 2022, Publishing House of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

Reduced turnover times make flexible optical reusable scope with EndoSheath~ Technology significantly cost-effective

EndoSheath bronchoscopy(Vision Sciences,Inc.) uses a sterile,disposable microbial barrier that may meet the growing needs for safe,efficient,and cost effective flexible bronchoscopy.The purpose of this open-label comparative study was to compare and calculate the costs-per-airway-procedure of the reusable fiberscope when used with and without EndoSheath Technology;and to record the turnover time from the completion of the use of each scope until its readiness again for the next use.Seventy-five new patients' airways requiring airway maneuvers and manipulations with Vision Sciences,Inc.,reusable fiberscope with EndoSheath Technology were evaluated for the costs comparisons with reassessed historical costs data for Olympus scope assisted tracheal intubations.As compared to costs of an intubation($158.50) with Olympus scope at our institute,the intubation costs with Vision Sciences,Inc.,reusable fiberscope with EndoSheath technology was $81.50(P 0.001).The mean turnover time was 5.44 min with EndoSheath technology as compared to previously reported 30 min with Olympus fiberscope(P 0.001).Based on our institutional experience,Vision Sciences,Inc.,reusable fiberscope with EndoSheath technology is significantly cost effective as compared to the Olympus scope with significantly improved turnover times.     

The image simulation arithmetic of the degradating process of porous biologic ceramic in life-form

Itis a complex and difficult task to simulate the degradating process of porousbiologic ceramic in life-form by computer.Because the evolvement of crystal sstructure deals with not only the mechanism of many factors,such ascrystallography tropism,the reciprocity of wafer,interfacial movement,but alsotopology geometry mechanism of dimensional padding.Besides,it needs someimportant features of the shape and appearance of crystal and the distribution ofcrystal s dimensions varying with the time.R…     

3D生物打印构建聚乳酸羟基乙酸/纳米羟基磷灰石支架骨形态发生蛋白2缓释复合体的实验研究

BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered bone scaffold fabricated by 3D-bioprinting technique has good controllability in morphology and structure. However, construction of tissue-engineered bone/cell growth factor complex and time-dose effect of sustained-release factors are needed to be further researched.  OBJECTIVE: To fabricate a sustained-release composite of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) scaffold carrying bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) using 3D-bioprinting technique, and test the biological properties of the PLGA/n-HA scaffold carrying BMP-2 and the sustained-release properties, thereby to discuss its feasibility as the tissue-engineered bone scaffold composite.  METHODS: Temperature-sensitive chitosan hydrogel was prepared using chitosan and β-glycerophosphate to construct a sustained-release composite, chitosan nanoparticles carrying BMP-2 . 3D-bioprinting technique was utilized to fabricate the PLGA/n-HA scaffold carrying BMP-2. Biological features of the scaffold composite were tested, and time-dose effect of BMP-2 sustained-release was observed.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average pore size of the scaffold-cytokine composite was (431.31±18.40) μm, and the porosity was (73.64±1.82)%. The cumulative release rate of BMP-2 from the scaffold-cytokine composite that effectively controlled the burst release during 48 hours and 30 days were suitable for the physiological needs. In conclusion, the porosity, pore size, release property, degradation rate, and mechanical strength of the scaffold-cytokine composite all meet the biological requirements of tissue-engineered bone construction. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

急性跟腱断裂后临床康复效果的研究进展与分析

BACKGROUND:Achilles tendon is an important structure of the ankle. More and more factors result in an incresing incidence of Achilles tendon rupture. OBJECTIVE: To summarizes the latest research progress in the related factors promoting tendon healing, thus providing a scientific basis for choosing an appropriate treatment strategy. METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed and CNKI databases using the keywords of “Achilles tendon injury, union and functional recovery” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Current studies addressing tendon repair, anti-adhesion of tendon and promoting tendon healing mainly focus on the improvement in the minimally invasive surgery, suture methods and the repair and replacement of tendon sheath. The conservative treatment, traditional surgery, minimally invasive surgery, the suture method, and immobilization have been the most important and direct treatments with new ideas emerging endlessly. Selection of surgical approach and suture method depends on individual physical conditions, age and individual requirements. Repair effect of fixation with short leg plaster cast at plantar flexion position is superior to long legs. Stress stimuli both promote the healing of the Achilles tendon, and reduce tendon adhesion and anchylosis. However, how to effectively promote tendon healing and tendon strength after stress still needs further research. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Complications associated with bone transport: A literature review of nonunion at the docking site北大核心

BACKGROUND: Bone transport is a powerful tool described by Ilizarov, which is an excellent biological method for the correction of large bone defects. But complications specifically associated with bone transport including delayed union or nonunion at the docking site occur frequently. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the research status and clinical treatments of the delayed union or nonunion at the docking site in bone transport using Ilizarov method. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for the articles related to the docking site, osteotomy, bone defects and bone transport with the keywords of “docking site, bone transport, bone defects, Ilizarov” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 44 eligible articles were included to review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Docking sites are the result of a classic bone transport technique for dealing with bone loss. Union may prove to be the rate-limiting step of this surgical procedure. About the delayed union or nonunion at the docking site, different clinicians have different foci, some clinicians focus on prevention, some focus on the biological treatment, and some focus on surgical intervention. The emergence of decortications and debridement under arthroscopy provides a new treatment strategy for the delayed union or nonunion at the docking site. How to promote the healing at the docking site and shorten treatment course still needs a further investigation. © 2018, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

The Experimental Study on Implantation of Intraocular Lens in Different Animals

To prevent the complications in cataract surgeries, the eyes of rabbits and monkeys were implanted with intraocular lens for 360 days. Methods: The eyes of the rabbits were performed with phacoemulsification and soft intraocular lens implantation. The eyes of the monkeys were performed with extracapsular cataract extraction and hard intraocular lens implantation. Results: The postoperative reactions included corneal edema, anterior chamber exudation, posterior capsule opacification and so on. The complications in the eyes of the rabbits were more than that in the eyes of the monkeys. Conclusion: The different postoperative reactions happened in different animals. In clinical the choice of the operative method and intraocular lens depended on the case in order to acquire the best sight.     

Studies on the Specific Degranulation of Mast Cell Sensitized by Several Allergens in vitro

Food allergy is a major health issue worldwide. Mast cells play a very important role in the immediate hypersensitivity for which mast cell degranulation needs to be studied extensively. In this study, an approach was taken to study the characteristics of sensitized mast cell degranulation in vitro, which associated with the study of mast cells and animal models. BALB/c mice were immunized respectively by several food allergens, then blood and peritoneal mast cells were collected at different time points. A dynamic determination was carried out between mast cells and serumal IgE. Comparative analysis on sequential time points showed that there was a close coincidence between mast cell degranulation and IgE antibody titers in sensitized BALB/c mice. Furthermore, it is interesting that sensitized mast cells could implement specific degranulation against the challenges in vitro, but the closely tropomyosins induced mast cell degranulation displayed cross reactions. This is very similar to IgE resisting the allergens in vivo. The study disclosed some characteristics on mast cells, coming from sensitized BALB/c mice, degranulation in vitro.     

抵抗素在肥胖及糖尿病中的作用

Increased evidences indicate that resistin is a new hormone secreted from adipose tissue,it is reported to be an important signal molecule linking between obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.Many factors can affect the gene expression of resistin. However, the detailed function of resistin still remainsmys terious and much work needs to be undertaken.     

Piezo1-mediated mechanical stress stimulation in anti-osteoporosis treatment北大核心

BACKGROUND: Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive channel that acts as an important target protein for mechanical stress stimulation. Piezo1 converts external mechanical forces into biological signals, regulating bone formation and bone resorption. Piezo1 plays an important role in anti-osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the mechanism of mechanical stress stimulation in anti-osteoporosis and research progress in Piezo1 molecular biology as well as the use of Piezo1 in the treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS: Relevant literature was retrieved in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using computers. The search terms were “osteoporosis, Piezo1, mechanical, osteoblast, osteoclast, chondrocyte, bone” in Chinese and English. Finally, 65 documents were included for review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The structure of Piezo1 has been continuously analyzed in the breakthrough of cryo-electron microscopy. Based on a three-bladed propeller 3D structure, Piezo1 exhibits different structural changes under silent and stressful states. Piezo1-mediated mechanical stress stimulation can affect bone formation by regulating the functions of osteoblasts, chondrocytes, endothelial cells and intestinal cells, and simultaneously affect bone resorption by regulating the function of osteoclasts, thereby playing an important role in anti-osteoporosis. Piezo1-mediated mechanical stress mainly affects bone formation by regulating the function of osteoblasts through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. And it has a two-way regulatory effect on osteoclasts due to different type, strength, and duration of mechanical force, which needs to be further quantified. For the use of Piezo1 in the treatment of osteoporosis, emphasis should be placed on clinical and animal model research for osteoporosis, osteoclast-related mechanisms, and new composite materials. © 2023, Publishing House of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

Physical activities promote recovery from spinal cord injury in patients北大核心

BACKGROUND: Benefits of healthy people participating in physical activity are valued by governments, organizations and individuals, but the benefits of spinal cord injury (SCI) to physical activity are neglected. With the increase in the incidence of SCI, participating in physical activity to keep fit is recommended for SCI patients. OBJECTIVE: To review the relevant literatures on physical activity and health promotion of SCI at home and abroad, and systematically summarize the benefits of physical activity to SCI, so as to provide reference for participating in physical activity. METHODS: The first author recruited the Web of Science and the PubMed databases with the keywords of “spinal cord injury, physical activity, sport, exercise, health, fitness” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Physical activity has a positive effect on cardiovascular health, functional independence, quality of life, muscle strength, psychological and social adaptation in SCI patients, and the impact on bone density needs a further investigate. Physical activity holds a positive effect on the health of SCI patients, and it is hoped that SCI patients will actively carry out physical activity to improve or maintain health status. SCI patients exhibit individual differences, so in the use of physical activity to promote health, it is necessary to make individualized sports program to obtain satisfactory effectiveness. © 2018, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.