乙肝病毒大蛋白用于抗病毒治疗效果监测的临床意义

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白(LHBs)的检测用于抗病毒治疗效果监测的临床意义。方法选取我院54例进行拉米夫定抗病毒治疗患者进行随访观察,定期检测乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白(LHBs)、乙肝两对半模式(HBV M)以及HBV DNA水平的变化,通过统计分析研究LHBs的应用意义。结果①HBeAg阳性组的乙肝患者中,HBV DNA的阳性检出率与LHBs的阳性率无显著性差异(χ2=0.04,P>0.05);HBeAg阴性组的乙肝患者中,HBV DNA的阳性检出率与LHBs的阳性率均无显著性差异(χ2=1.48,P>0.05);②抗病毒治疗患者HBV DNA和LHBs均呈下降趋势,但是LHBs的消减晚于HBV DNA。结论抗病毒治疗过程中LHBs和HBV DNA下降的趋势一致,但是晚于HBV DNA的消减;联合检测LHBs和HBV DNA对抗病毒治疗监测具有重要临床意义。     

乙型肝炎病毒外膜大蛋白临床意义及其与病毒复制的相关性

目的：探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）外膜大蛋白（LHBs）与 HBV 复制的相关性。方法随机收集深圳市第四人民医院2013年8～11月乙型肝炎患者血清标本170例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测 LHBs ,电化学发光法检测 HBV 表面抗原（HBsAg）及 HBV e 抗原（HBeAg）,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应方法检测 HBV‐DNA 。按 HBeAg 结果分为 HBeAg 阳性组（58例）和 HBeAg 阴性组（112例）。比较 LHBs 和 HBV‐DNA 的阳性率,同时分析 LHBs 水平与 HBsAg 浓度及 HBV‐DNA 拷贝数的相关性。结果 HBeAg 阳性患者血清中,LHBs 阳性率与 HBV‐DNA 阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．342,P ＞0．05）;HBeAg 阴性患者血清中,LHBs 阳性率与 HBV‐DNA 阳性率有统计学意义（χ2＝5．349,P＜0．05）。 LHBs 水平与 HBV‐DNA 拷贝数（r＝0．979,P＜0．05）、HBsAg 浓度（r＝0．923,P＜0．05）呈正相关。结论 LHBs 是从蛋白水平反映乙型肝炎患者体内病毒复制情况的可靠指标,尤其是对 HBeAg 阴性患者抗病毒治疗和预后判断有重要意义。     

乙型肝炎病毒外膜大蛋白检测对判断病毒复制的临床意义

目的探讨血清病毒外膜大蛋白(LHBs)与乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染和复制的相关性。方法检测282例乙型肝炎患者和30名健康对照者血清HBV DNA载量、LHBs和乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)。以HBV DNA载量为标准,对LHBs和HBeAg进行对比分析。结果 HBV DNA载量<103拷贝/mL的107例乙型肝炎患者中LHBs阳性9例(8.41%),HBeAg阳性8例(7.48%);LHBs、HBeAg与HBV DNA载量相同等级的线性相关系数分别为0.972 1和0.837 0(P<0.01、P<0.05);LHBs与HBeAg诊断HBV感染的敏感性分别为92.57%、62.35%,特异性分别为82.52%、77.17%,阳性预测值分别为77.43%、64.08%,阴性预测值分别为59.18%、51.22%,准确率分别为97.05%、89.16%。结论 LHBs能较好地反映HBV复制情况,对乙型肝炎患者进行LHBs、HBV DNA及HBeAg联合检测将有助于疾病的诊断、疗效观察及预后判断。     

乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白临床检测意义初探

目的 通过检测乙型肝炎患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白(Hepatitis B virus large surface protein,LHBs)、HBV DNA、乙肝五项(HBV M)等指标.探讨LHBs用于临床检测乙型肝炎的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测乙肝五项(HBV M)以及乙型肝炎病毒大蛋向(LHBs),采用荧光定量PCR方法对标本HBV DNA进行检测.结果 ①LHBs吸光度(OD值)与HBVDNA呈正相关关系(γ=0.972);② 73例HBsAg、HBeAg均为阳性患者中HBV DNA与LHBs的检出没有显著性差异(X2=0.00,P>0.05).两者的检出一致率为97.26%[(71+0)/73].③80例HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阴性患者中HBV DNA与LHBs的检出没有显著性差异(X2=0.11,P>0.05).两者的检出一致率为82.19%[(42+18)/73].结论 乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白(LHBs)与HBV DNA呈正相关性,临床上可以用于反映乙型肝炎病毒的复制情况.特别是HBeAg阴性的患者病毒复制情况,用于填补由于病毒变异引起的HBeAg检测的不足.     

氧化苦参碱治疗慢性重度乙型肝炎的临床研究

【目的】观察氧化苦参碱注射液治疗慢性重度乙型肝炎(CHB)的临床疗效。【方法】将80例CHB患者分为两组:治疗组40例,用氧化苦参碱注射液600mg静脉滴注;对照组40例,以古拉定1.2g静脉滴注,疗程8周,治疗前后检测肝功能、乙型肝炎病毒复制标志物HBV DNA和HBeAg,同时观察患者的症状、体征的变化及药物的不良反应。【结果】HBV复制指标HBeAg滴度、HBV DNA拷贝数下降水平治疗组明显高于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05);HBV复制指标HBeAg、HBV DNA的转阴率治疗组明显高于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗结束后AST、ALT、TBil治疗组明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。【结论】氧化苦参碱对乙型肝炎病毒有抑制作用,是治疗CHB较为有效的中药制剂。     

慢性乙肝患者血清HBV DNA与HBeAg定量及ALT水平的相关性分析及临床意义

目的 研究慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者血清乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA含量与HBeAg定量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平的相关性及其对CHB患者诊断、预后的意义.方法 采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)、化学发光法(CLIA)及酶法分别测定1 288例CHB患者血清HBV DNA、HBeAg含量及ALT水平.结果 1 288例HBV患者中HBeAg阳性组和阴性组HBV DNA检出率分别为75.3%和24.8%;不同载量HBV DNA组,HBeAg量相差显著,HBV DNA载量高,HBeAg量也高;ALT异常率在HBeAg阳性组的不同HBVDNA载量级中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在HBeAg阴性组中随HBV DNA载量级增大而增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 HBV DNA载量与HBeAg量之间有显著相关性,HBeAg阳性组的HBV DNA阳性率及含量进一步证实了HBeAg确实是反映HBV复制活跃的一个可靠指标,HBeAg阴性时大多病毒复制减弱,但有少数HBV DNA载量为高拷贝时,其肝损伤程度与HBV DNA呈正相关.同时检测HBV DNA、HBeAg量及ALT水平对乙肝患者HBV感染、复制、传染性的判断、治疗方案的选择和疗效判断有一定的指导意义.     

拉米夫定联合佰安治疗丙氨酸转氨酶正常的慢性乙型肝炎

随着对乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染自然病史认识的逐步深入,抗病毒治疗在慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)治疗中的地位已得到确立[1],但无论是干扰素还是拉米夫定,其适应证均为HBV DNA≥105copies/ml(HBeAg阴性者为≥104copies/ml);丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine a     

乙型肝炎病毒外膜大蛋白与病毒复制及肝脏受损的相关性

目的 探讨乙型肝炎患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒外膜大蛋白(hepatitis B virus large surface protein,LHBs)与病毒复制及肝脏受损程度的相关性.方法 随机选取武汉总医院2011年3月～6月乙肝患者血清标本192例,分别采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测LHBs,乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原(PreS1-Ag),化学发光方法定量检测乙型肝炎病毒血清学模式,实时荧光定量PCR方法检测血清HBV-DNA,全自动生化分析仪检测血清谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT).按乙型肝炎病毒e抗原阴阳性不同分组,比较LHBs,HBV-DNA及PreS1-Ag阳性率差异,同时分析LHBs含量与HBsAg,HBV-DNA及ALT水平的相关性.结果 HBeAg阳性乙肝患者血清中,LHBs的阳性率与HBV-DNA阳性率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.32,P＞0.05),LHBs的阳性率与PreS1-Ag阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=23.44,P＜0.05);HBeAg阴性乙肝患者血清中,LHBs的阳性率与HBV-DNA和PreS1阳性率差异均有统计学意义(x2=11.73,28.55,P＜0.05);LHBs含量与HBV-DNA拷贝数和表面抗原浓度呈正相关性(r=0.905,0.801,P＜0.05);阳性组间LHBs含量与ALT指数无相关性.结论 乙肝患者血清中LHBs的表达与HBV-DNA拷贝数、乙肝表面抗原浓度呈正相关,较PreS1-Ag更能反映乙肝患者病毒复制状况,尤其对HBeAg阴性患者抗病毒治疗及预后具有重要的指导意义,但不适用于判断肝细胞的受损程度.     

乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白检测对乙型肝炎患者的临床价值探讨

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒外膜大蛋白检测的临床价值.方法 用酶联免疫吸附法检测乙型肝炎病毒大蛋白(HBV-LP)和乙型肝炎病毒标志物,用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测乙型肝炎病毒DNA(HBV-DNA),探讨HBV-LP与HBV DNA拷贝数之间相关性并对比三者在乙型肝炎患者中阳性检出率.结果 HBV-LP与HBV-DNA之间均存在显著相关性(r=0.86,P＜0.01);无论HBV-DNA阳性或阴性,HBV-LP阳性检出率(95.21%和69.86%)均显著高于HBeAg(49.70%和36.99%)(P＜0.01);在HBeAg阴性组中,HBV-LP阳性检出率(82.55%)显著高于HBV-DNA(44.97%)(P＜0.01).结论 HBV-LP检测是乙型肝炎患者特别是HBeAg阴性患者疾病进展、体内病毒复制及抗病毒治疗效果评判的敏感监测指标,可提高乙型肝炎患者血清学诊断水平.     

HBsAg阳性患者乙型肝炎病毒表面大蛋白的检测及其意义

目的探讨检测乙型肝炎病毒表面大蛋白（LHBs）用于反映HBsAg阳性患者体内乙型肝炎病毒复制的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）和荧光定量PCR法对1066例HBsAg阳性血清标本进行LHBs及HBV DNA检测。结果①在1066例HBsAg阳性血清中HBV DNA阳性率为63．23％（674／1066），LHBs的阳性率为66．42％（708／1066），二者比较无显著性差异（x^2=2．240，P〉0．05），两者总体符合率为91．93％；②不同HBV—M模式的HBV—DNA与LHBs检出结果均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。③LHBs含量与HBVDNA拷贝数呈正相关（r=0．927，P〈0．001）。结论血清中LHBs含量与HBV—DNA的拷贝数具有较好的相关性，LHBs能够反映HBV的复制情况。     

Doing more with less and less with more

The "devil is in the details" of any policy response. What forms such changes may take, and what research informs them, are critical to the profession as a whole and to practitioners on a daily basis. Research partnerships between home care agencies and university professors may provide rigorous, systematic, and validated findings necessary for meaningful solutions (Plotkin & Roche, 2000). The evidence of a dialogue between nursing researchers, home healthcare practitioners, and policymakers anticipating impacts on practice of changing fiscal and information-gathering requirements is scant. Such issues are in need a priority discussion by agencies, and collaborative investigative efforts between all involved.     

Communicating with clients and colleagues with hearing loss

Abstract:

Aside from elderly relatives, some of us may have never had any direct personal experience with a person who is deaf or hard of hearing, and so may be unfamiliar with how to effectively communicate with these people. This can make for a very awkward, frustrating and possibly embarrassing experience for both parties. This author is a wearer of hearing aids herself, and would like to share some information on hearing loss and tips on effective communication with a person with hearing loss.     

Mindfulness and Coping with Dysphoric Mood: Contrasts with Rumination and Distraction

Past research has shown that rumination exacerbates dysphoric mood whereas distraction attenuates it. This research examined whether the practice of mindfulness meditation could reduce dysphoric mood even more effectively than distraction. A dysphoric mood was induced in 139 female and 38 male participants who were then randomly assigned to a rumination, distraction, or meditation condition. As predicted, participants instructed to meditate reported significantly lower levels of negative mood than those in either of the two other conditions. Distraction was associated with a lessening of dysphoric mood when compared to rumination but was not as effective as mindfulness meditation. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

Special problems with children and adolescents with diabetes.

Treatment of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) is different in many ways than it is for adults. Physical, cognitive, and emotional development changes affect therapeutic goals and modalities. Neonatal, early childhood, school-age, and adolescent patients all have unique needs. Further, diabetes can affect psychosocial maturation and the likelihood of difficulties with mood.     

Interaction of peptidoglycans with anti-IgGs and with complement.

This report describes the interaction of peptidoglycan (Streptococcus group A, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Micrococcus lysodeikticus) with 2 serum mediator systems, namely with the anti-IgG system and with complement. The observation that the majority of rabbits hyperimmunized with A-variant streptococcal vaccine produced anti-group carbohydrate antisera containing anti-IgGs and antibodies directed to peptidoglycan suggested that the production of these 2 latter antibodies was related. This view was supported by the finding of a monoclonal 7S anti-IgG with antibody specificity for the pentapeptide of peptidoglycan as evidenced by inhibition of the coprecipitation of 7S anti-IgG with antigen-antibody complexes by the pentapeptide. Inhibition of the anti-idiotype reaction by the pentapeptide provided further evidence for the antibody specificity of 7S anti-IgG for peptidoglycan. When added to normal human sera all peptidoglycan preparations inhibited the hemolytic activity of the sera. Consumption of C3 in C2 deficient serum and consumption of C2 in normal serum indicated the activation of both known complement pathways. Activation of the classical pathway of complement was more efficient since 50 mug of peptidoglycan consumed approximately 70% of C2 per ml normal serum whereas more than 2 mg of the same preparations was required to inactivate 17-24% of C3 in C2 deficient sera. Each of the different peptidoglycan preparations consumed similar amounts of complement in all 20 sera tested. This finding suggested that activation of the classical complement pathway by peptidoglycan was not mediated by anti-peptidoglycan antibodies present in only 20-40% of normal human sera.     

Expanded timed up and go test with subjects with stroke: reliability and comparisons with matched healthy controls

Faria CD, Teixeira-Salmela LF, Silva EB, Nadeau S. Expanded Timed Up and Go test with subjects with stroke: reliability and comparisons with matched healthy controls.ObjectivesTo investigate the intra- and interrater reliabilities of the Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) test with subjects with stroke and to compare the ETUG scores between subjects with stroke and healthy control subjects.DesignCross-sectional.SettingResearch laboratory.ParticipantsStroke participants (n=48; mean age ± SD, 59.29±15.84y) and healthy controls (n=48), matched by age, sex, and levels of physical activity.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresThe time spent to complete the ETUG in absolute (s) and ratio values regarding the percentages of the total time. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Student t tests, and 95% confidence intervals were employed to investigate the reliability and differences between the groups (α<.05).ResultsBoth intra- and interrater reliabilities showed significant and excellent results for both groups for the absolute values (0.86≤ICC≤1.00; P<.001) and ratio values (0.55≤ICC≤0.99; P<.001). The mean time, in seconds, for all of the ETUG activities was higher for the subjects with stroke than for the control subjects (3.15≤t≤5.78; P<.001). However, when the comparisons considered the ratio values, no significant differences between the groups were found (0.45≤t≤1.15; 0.25≤P≤0.65). These results were confirmed by the 95% confidence interval.ConclusionsSubjects with stroke spent more time in all of the ETUG activities when compared with control subjects. All of the activities appeared to contribute similarly to the poorer performances observed in subjects with stroke, because the ratio values were similar between the groups. Considering the positive intra- and interrater reliability results, the ETUG could be applied to assess the functional mobility of both groups.     

Hemosuccus pancreaticus: diagnosis with CT and MRI and treatment with transcatheter embolization

We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with a presyncopal episode followed by melena. A sentinel clot sign in the pancreatic duct on precontrast computed tomography and the presence of a splenic artery aneurysm on postcontrast computed tomography strongly suggested a fistula between the aneurysm and the duct, as visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was treated successfully by complete embolization of the splenic artery aneurysm. Received: 25 January 2000/Accepted: 21 February 2001