会阴正中切口左侧切口缝合术临床效果分析

探讨会阴正中切口缝合术与会阴左侧切口缝合术的临床应用效果,根据产妇会阴体的条件,有无产科合并症胎儿的大小等情况,选择最佳的会阴切口方式,以减轻产妇的疼痛,减少切口出血量,分析比较两种切口方式术后并发症和后遗症的发生率。     

两种保留子宫治疗子宫脱垂的手术方式的疗效分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下子宫腹壁悬吊术及子宫骶骨岬悬吊术治疗要求保留子宫的女性盆腔脏器脱垂患者的可行性及临床疗效。方法:回顾分析2012年6月1日至2013年6月1日郑州大学第一附属医院收治的64例要求保留子宫的子宫脱垂患者的临床资料,其中34例行腹腔镜下子宫腹壁悬吊术(研究组),30例行子宫骶骨岬悬吊术(对照组)。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数及术后并发症,术后12个月测量患者POP-Q各点值评价术前术后盆底功能改善状况,以盆底不适调查表短表20(PFDI-20)评价手术前后患者的生活质量。结果:64例患者均经腹腔镜成功完成手术,术中无膀胱、输尿管、直肠损伤。研究组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后随访12个月,两组患者均无子宫脱垂复发,POP-Q各点测量值差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组的术前与术后生活质量调查表问卷得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组和对照组分别有3例(8.8%)和2例(6.7%)发生术后并发症。结论:腹腔镜下腹壁子宫悬吊术及子宫骶骨岬悬吊术治疗子宫脱垂安全有效;腹腔镜下腹壁子宫悬吊术具有手术时间短、术中出血量少、经济安全、术后并发症少等优点,有望临床推广。     

Endometriosis and the role of the integrins in the pathogenesis of the endometriosis

The endometriosis is gynecological disease what is characterized with the presence of endometrial lesions are composed of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells outside of the uterus. There are many theories for the development of the disease endometriosis. The most widely accepted theory is the theory what is postulated the endometriosis is a result of retrograde menstruation. The essential stage in the process of development of endometrial lesions is the process of adhesion of endometrial cells on the peritoneal surface and on the organs, are situated in the peritoneal cavity. The adhesion molecules (integrins) have the most essential role in this first stage. The integrins are cell surface receptors with glycoprotein structure. They have part in process of adhesion of the endometrial cells to the proteins from EC matrix outside the uterus. The integrins have part like signal molecules in the processes of proliferation and invasion of endometrial implants. They are very essential molecules what influence the viability of endometrial implants as well as the angiogenesis in the new forming endometrial implants. Improvement of the studies, related to the roles of the integrins in the pathogenesis of endometriosis would be give new possibilities to search more effective methods for therapy of the endometriosis.     

234例羊膜腔穿刺诊断胎儿染色体异常的研究

目的评价羊水穿刺术在产前诊断胎儿染色体异常中的应用。方法对234例有产前诊断指征的孕妇在超声引导下经腹羊膜腔穿刺抽取羊水检查染色体核型,并比较不同产前诊断指征分组的异常染色体检出率。结果全部病例穿刺均成功,羊水细胞培养成功率97.86%,染色体异常检出率5.68%。其中超声示胎儿异常组染色体异常检出率(33.33%)明显高于21-三体高风险组(4.54%)、不良孕产史组的检出率(9.09%)(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下经腹羊膜腔穿刺抽取羊水在产前诊断中是成熟有效的操作技术,孕妇血清学筛查异常、不良孕产史、超声示胎儿异常是有效的穿刺指征,其中胎儿异常的超声监测对产前诊断提示胎儿染色体异常具有较好的预测性。     

IUD效果流行病学统计中样本取舍的探讨

在对IUD 调查资料做统计分析时,主观地把使用IUD 一年以上而未停用者作为“使用成功”,会发生错觉而对影响因素的评价发生偏倚。本文为防止这种偏倚而提出了建议。     

子宫内膜异位症病灶分泌的细胞因子与腹腔液微环境关系的研究

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症(内异症)病灶分泌的细胞因子与腹腔液之间的关系及其对生殖的影响.方法对因内异症进行手术治疗或不孕症行腹腔镜检查的妇女43例,其中内异症24例(内异症组)及正常盆腔19例(对照组),采用单核细胞趋化实验分析、斑点杂交分析、酶链免疫吸附测定及胞浆游离钙浓度([Ca2+]i)测定等方法,测定两组患者的腹腔液、腹腔巨噬细胞及异位内膜细胞的特性,并比较两组腹腔液及异位内膜细胞对精子活动力及鼠胚胎卵裂率的影响.结果内异症组及对照组患者腹腔液趋化单核细胞移动的距离分别为(87.2±9.4) μm、(51.9±3.7) μm,两组比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01);腹腔巨噬细胞数分别为(1.47±0.87)×106/ml、(0.67±0.73)×106/ml(P<0.01);异位内膜细胞可表达低水平的单核细胞趋化蛋白(MCP)-1[吸光度(A)值为18.34±3.95],经白细胞介素(IL)-1β及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α刺激后,其分泌MCP-1mRNA A值分别为56.84±3.21、41.58±2.48,刺激前后比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01);内异症组腹腔液及异位内膜细胞明显抑制精子的活动力和鼠胚的发育.结论异位症病灶与腹腔液微环境相互影响,腹腔巨噬细胞和异位症病灶合成及分泌某些细胞因子的能力增强,同时可干扰生殖过程的某些环节.     

The effect of the developing role of the maternity support worker on the professional accountability of the midwife

The recent rise in the number of maternity support workers (MSWs) in the United Kingdom (UK) has been welcomed by midwifery managers and supported by social policy surrounding improvements in maternity care. The training and role of the MSW varies considerably. Whilst most training is undertaken through clinical practice, more recent advances in the preparation of MSWs have resulted in them not only being trained to National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) Level 3, but also to foundation certificate or degree level. Consequently some MSWs are performing tasks that would traditionally be undertaken by a midwife, potentially leading to the erosion of the midwife's role in the future. From current evidence, midwives are not fully aware of how the developing role of MSWs may affect their own professional accountability. This paper therefore aims to challenge midwives into reconsidering how MSWs may be effectively incorporated into the midwifery team such that the quality of care is not compromised and the midwife's professional accountability is never put at risk.