Boyd入路切开复位尺骨截骨延长治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折

目的 探讨经Boyd入路切开复位尺骨斜行截骨延长术治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折的临床疗效。方法 采用经Boyd入路切开复位尺骨斜行截骨延长术治疗26例陈旧孟氏骨折患儿。术后12个月根据Kim评分标准评价肘关节功能。结果 患儿均获得随访,时间12～36个月。截骨处均获得骨性愈合。术后12个月根据Kim评分标准评价肘关节功能:优17例,良7例,可2例,优良率为24/26。拆除石膏后发生桡骨头再脱位1例、半脱位1例。2例截骨处延迟愈合,采用管型石膏固定6个月后愈合。均未发生桡神经损伤、感染等并发症。结论 经Boyd入路切开复位尺骨斜行截骨延长术治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折术后功能恢复好,并发症少,可较快恢复肘关节及前臂功能。     

低龄儿童2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨低龄儿童2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折手术治疗的疗效。方法对38例2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折低龄患儿采取尺骨近端截骨克氏针内固定,桡骨小头切开复位、肱桡关节克氏针内固定。结果 38例全部得到随访,时间2~12个月。术后2例发生桡骨小头半脱位。4例桡神经损伤患儿功能完全恢复,其余患儿肘关节无畸形,无疼痛。肘关节伸直活动范围0°~20°(6°±4°),屈曲活动120°~135°(130°±5°),旋前平均80°±5°,旋后平均85°±5°。根据Mackay标准评定:优30例(78.9%),良6例(15.8%),差2例(5.3%)。结论尺骨近端截骨克氏针内固定手术治疗低龄儿童2年以内陈旧性孟氏骨折,疗效良好。     

尺骨截骨治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的探讨尺骨截骨手术治疗陈旧性儿童孟氏骨折的疗效。方法对28例患儿采取尺骨截骨固定桡骨小头复位，同时行环状韧带重建，其中3例行桡骨中段缩短截骨固定。结果28例均得到随访，时间6个月～8年。肘关节功能：优20例，良8例。4例合并桡神经损伤患儿完全得到恢复。结论尺骨截骨手术是治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折良好术式。     

56例儿童陈旧孟氏骨折临床诊治分析

[目的]总结分析56例儿童陈旧孟氏骨折患儿骨折的原因和治疗效果,为儿童陈旧孟氏骨折的临床诊治提供支持。[方法]选取2008年1月~2013年12月本院收治的56例儿童陈旧孟氏骨折患儿病例。分析骨折原因。给予尺骨截骨术治疗,术后随访2年。采用Macky和Mayo的标准对肘关节功能进行评价,并观察手术前、后肘关节屈伸功能和前臂旋转功能的改善情况。[结果]56例陈旧孟氏骨折患儿中,24例被误诊为尺骨或尺桡骨骨折,13例为手法复位不完全,10例被误诊为软组织损伤,5例为石膏松动发生移位,4例为塑型不良。尺骨截骨术后随访2年,骨折部位均全部愈合。术后肘关节屈伸功能和前臂旋转功能均显著改善(P0.05)。Macky评分优良率为96.4%,Mayo评分优良率为94.6%。[结论]儿童陈旧孟氏骨折多由错诊、漏诊、处理不当引起,应对患儿进行全面、细致的检查,以避免陈旧孟氏骨折的发生。尺骨截骨术对于儿童陈旧孟氏骨折有满意的临床效果。     

尺骨成角延长截骨治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的探讨应用尺骨截骨后成角延长钢板内固定术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的疗效。方法对12例陈旧性孟氏骨折患儿(病程45 d~18个月)行手术截骨矫正内固定治疗。结果患儿均获随访,时间10~18个月。根据Mackay疗效评定标准:优11例,良1例。结论尺骨截骨成角延长治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折,通过手术矫正尺骨畸形无需重建环状韧带,能够恢复正常的肱桡关节关系,改善关节功能。     

尺骨延长内固定术治疗儿童陈旧孟氏骨折38例

目的探讨治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的方法和效果。方法采用切开复位、尺骨斜形截骨延长、关节囊及周围组织紧缩缝合治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折。结果38例随访时间1～9年,优良率92.1%。11例合并桡神经损伤病例,术中均未行探查术,术后神经功能全部恢复。结论采用切开复位尺骨斜形截骨延长、关节囊及周围组织紧缩缝合治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折方法简单,疗效满意。     

尺骨截骨延长内固定联合环状韧带成形或重建手术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨尺骨近端Z形截骨延长内固定联合环状韧带成形或重建手术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年1月我院行尺骨近端Z形截骨延长内固定联合环状韧带成形或重建手术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折28例患儿的临床资料,其中男18例,女10例;平均年龄为7.3岁（2~13岁）,受伤至手术平均时间为5.3个月（1~8个月）。合并轻度桡神经损伤症状者2例。记录并比较手术前后肘关节屈伸、前臂旋转活动范围。采用肘关节Mackay功能评分评价该术式对儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的治疗效果。结果 28例患儿手术时间为（98.4±14.6）min,住院时间为（12.2±2.4）d,平均随访时间为9.6个月（8~15个月）,截骨临床愈合时间为（11.4±2.6）周;2例行环状韧带成形术的患儿,术后1个月复查时发现桡骨头脱位,再次行环状韧带重建术。末次随访Mackay功能评分优17例,良8例,可2例,差1例,优良率为89.3% 。术后未发生伤口感染。患儿术后肘关节屈伸活动范围为120.2°±6.7°,前臂旋前活动度为82.4°±5.3°,前臂旋后活动度为82.2°±5.6°,与术前的76.7°±10.1°、64.7°±10.2°、60.7°±8.7°比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。结论 尺骨近端Z形截骨延长内固定联合环状韧带成形或重建手术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折可获得良好效果,是目前治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折较为合理的手术方式。     

前后联合入路治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

[目的]探讨前后联合入路行关节切开复位、尺骨截骨术治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的方法及疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2010年11月~2015年1月收治的22例陈旧性孟氏骨折患儿资料。男15例,女7例,平均年龄7.5岁。伤后至手术时间除2例分别为3年、5年外,其余20例为1~12个月。患者X线片示桡骨头脱位,尺骨桡侧或掌侧弓形弯曲,伤后时间长者见桡骨过度生长。2例伴有桡神经深支损伤症状。所有患儿均采用经肘前Henry入路行肱桡关节切开、瘢痕彻底清除,有桡神经损伤者同时行神经探查松解;肘后沿尺骨嵴做纵切口,在尺骨鹰嘴下4~5 cm横行截骨,矫正尺骨畸形并反向成角、截骨端延长后予钢板固定。所有患儿均不行环状韧带重建。[结果]本组患儿随访12~59个月,平均15.4个月。根据Mackay功能评定标准,优19例,良2例,差1例。X线片示1例再脱位、2例半脱位,余复位稳定。术后肘关节屈伸功能较术前改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术前后前臂旋转功能的差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。未出现血管神经损伤、异位骨化、尺桡骨骨性连接等并发症。2例桡神经深支损伤患儿3个月内恢复正常。[结论]前后联合入路治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折具有术野显露好、术中操作简便、术后并发症少等优势。前入路允许直视下处理关节内病理改变,同时便于行桡神经探查松解,后入路有利于尺骨截骨矫形术。     

尺骨截骨矫形关节囊松解紧缩治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折

目的 :探讨儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗经验及治疗效果。方法 :自2013年1月至2017年12月治疗32例陈旧性孟氏骨折,男18例,女14例;年龄2~9(5.3±1.2)岁;均无桡神经损伤症状。患者术前症状为肘关节疼痛、畸形,屈伸及前臂旋转受限,X线示尺骨畸形愈合或呈"弓形征",桡骨头脱位或半脱位。术中作尺骨脊后方切口,在尺骨成角畸形最明显处行额状面长斜形截骨,然后采用Boyd切口显露肱桡关节及上尺桡关节,清理关节内的瘢痕组织,复位桡骨头,并在维持肘关节稳定的前提下,对尺骨截骨处进行处理,予钢板螺钉内固定。结果:32例患儿均随访,时间12~24个月,平均14.8个月,其中1例患儿出现术口感染。根据Mackay评定标准:32例患儿术后均无肘、腕关节疼痛症状,29例患儿肘关节屈伸活动度(130±5)°/0°,前臂旋前旋后活动度90°/(85±5)°;2例患儿肘关节屈伸活动度(119°/8°,121°/7°),前臂旋前旋后活动度(90°/75°,85°/60°);1例患者肘关节屈伸活动度90°/10°,前臂旋前旋后活动度80°/60°。优29例,良2例,中1例。结论:尺骨截骨矫形、肘关节后关节囊松解、前关节囊紧缩是治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的有效方法。     

小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败后的再手术治疗

目的总结小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败后再手术治疗的经验及临床治疗效果。方法采用手术治疗的小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败患儿18例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 18例患儿均行尺骨斜行截骨矫形、环状韧带重建手术,术后均得到随访,随访时间为12~42个月,平均时间为24个月。手术效果根据Mackay病情评估标准,优11例,良6例,差1例,优良率达94%。结论小儿陈旧性孟氏骨折初次手术失败后再手术治疗关键在于矫正尺骨畸形,采用尺骨斜行截骨矫形、环状韧带重建,可取得满意的临床效果。     

儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗 创伤骨科

  目的 探讨尺骨截骨后成角延长钢板内固定或单臂外固定两种方法治疗儿童陈旧性孟 氏骨折的疗效及相关影响因素。 方法回顾性分析2005 年7 月至2011 年6 月收治的儿童陈旧性孟氏 骨折患儿19 例, 男11例, 女8例。Bado 玉型13 例, III型6 例。按照尺骨截骨后固定方法分为钢板内固 定组(12 例, 治疗时平均年龄为5.3 岁, 受伤时间平均为6.8 个月;Bado 玉型9 例, III型3 例)和单臂外 固定组(7 例, 治疗时平均年龄为11.8 岁, 受伤时间平均为16.6 个月;Bado 玉型4 例, III型3 例)。对两 组患儿的年龄、受伤时间、术后并发症、肘关节与前臂旋转功能、骨折愈合时间等指标进行比较。 结果 19例患儿均获随访, 平均10 个月(6~36 个月)。术后钢板内固定组1 例发生桡骨头再脱位, 单臂外固定 组1 例发生筋膜室综合征。钢板内固定组、单臂外固定组两组患儿除1 例外, 术后屈肘功能平均120° (110°~130°), 前臂旋前功能均有15°(10°~20°)的受限。尺骨截骨成角延长后的愈合时间:钢板内固定组 平均8 周(6~15 周), 单臂外固定组平均22 周(10~44 周)。按Nakamura 等影像学评估标准:钢板内固定 组优11 例(图1), 差1 例;单臂外固定组7 例均为优。 结论 尺骨截骨成角延长是治疗儿童陈旧性孟氏 骨折矫正尺骨骨折后畸形的关键, 截骨后的两种固定方法不同、 目的 相同。术前评估最重要:年龄小、受 伤时间短患儿选择钢板内固定, 而对年龄大、受伤时间长者选择单臂外固定。     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路与肱三头肌舌状瓣入路治疗肱骨髁间骨折的对比研究

目的对比经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路与经肱三头肌舌状瓣入路治疗肱骨髁间骨折的临床效果。方法 2002年5月至2009年2月,手术切开复位内固定治疗62例肱骨髁间骨折患者。其中33例采用尺骨鹰嘴入路。按Riseborough-Radin分型,Ⅲ型18例,Ⅳ型15例。29例采用肱三头肌舌状瓣入路。左侧16例,右侧13例。按Riseborough-Radin分型,Ⅲ型18例,Ⅳ型11例。比较两组手术时间、出血量、术后并发症及愈合时间等,用Mayo评分来评价术后肘关节功能的改善程度。结果术后随访12～36个月,平均16.7个月。所有患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合。手术时间、出血量及愈合时间两组比较差异无统计学意义。术后尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路组肘部疼痛发生率低于肱三头肌舌状瓣入路组,肘关节活动度。采用尺骨鹰嘴入路组（优良率为87.88%）优于采用肱三头肌舌状瓣入路组（优良率为65.51%）。结论采用尺骨鹰嘴入路组的术后并发症的发生率少于采用肱三头肌舌状瓣入路组,术后肘关节活动度的满意率高于采用肱三头肌舌状瓣入路组采用肱三头肌舌状瓣入路组。     

儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的治疗探讨

目的探讨儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折手术治疗的方法及疗效。方法2000年3月至2005年5月间对15例儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折采用切开复位、尺骨截骨、环状韧带修复或成形术。结果所有病例均获随访10个月至5年,平均24个月,优11例,良3例,差1例,优良率93.3%。尺骨截骨均愈合,无神经损伤。结论对儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折应早期进行手术复位,尽早恢复肘关节及前臂的解剖,以利功能恢复。为减少陈旧性孟氏骨折的发生率,必须强调提高对新鲜孟氏骨折的诊断与治疗水平。     

Posterior interosseous nerve palsy associated with neglected pediatric Monteggia fracture-dislocation: A case report

IntroductionThe main goal of the treatment is the anatomical reduction of the ulna fracture and the radial head dislocation in acute and chronic Monteggia cases. Acute pediatric Monteggia lesions are generally treated non-surgically; however, the treatment of chronic Monteggia is challenging. The aim of this article is to share our experiences about treatment of neglected Monteggia lesion.Presentation of caseA 6-year-old girl who underwent a surgery in our clinic for a missed Bado type-III Monteggia fracture-dislocation of the right elbow with concomitant posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) palsy, which resolved spontaneously after the operation. The operation consisted of open reduction of the radial head, transverse ulnar osteotomy and fixation with an intramedullary Kirchner wire, and annular ligament repair without exploring PIN. The patient was seen in routine follow-up periods until the postoperative first year using plain radiographies. At 16th week follow-up, all functions of the PIN were returned. At first-year follow-up, full range of elbow motion was observed; plain radiographies showed radiocapitellar joint congruency, and Mayo Elbow Performance Index was one hundred.DiscussionTreatment planning for chronic, neglected or missed Monteggia fractures is challenging. There is no consensus about the definitive treatment in the literature.ConclusionWe recommend anatomic and stable restoration of radiocapitellar joint by correcting ulna deformity. Radiocapitellar fixation and PIN exploration may not be necessary in all neglected Monteggia lesions.     

Remodeling after lateral closing-wedge osteotomy in children with cubitus varus

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of supracondylar lateral closing-wedge osteotomy of the humerus in children and the postoperative remodeling of the lateral condylar prominence. Lateral closing-wedge osteotomy for cubitus varus deformity was performed in 52 children. In all cases, medial translation for decreasing lateral condylar prominence or transposition of the ulnar nerve was not performed. Mean patient age was 8.8 years. Mean follow-up was 42 months. Clinical and radiological results were analyzed at last follow-up. Mean range of motion of the elbow in flexion and extension improved significantly (P<.05). Mean humeroulnar angle and mean shaft-condylar angle were significantly corrected (P<.05), and the angles between the affected and contralateral sides were not significantly different at last follow-up. Mean lateral condylar prominence index significantly decreased from 38.8% to 3.4%, and mean lateral condylar prominence amount decreased from -31.6% to -65.0% (P<.05 and P<.05, respectively). The amount of lateral condylar prominence remodeling was statistically correlated with the severity of preoperative cubitus varus, length of follow-up, and age at operation (P<.05 for all). The mean change in lateral condylar prominence amount in patients younger than 11 years (36.6%) was significantly greater than the mean change in lateral condylar prominence amount in patients aged 12 years or older (20.4%) (P=.001). Supracondylar lateral closing wedge osteotomy of the humerus is a simple and effective operation for correction of cubitus varus in children younger than 11 years with a considerable amount of lateral condylar prominence remodeling.     

Missed Monteggia injuries

The classical Monteggia injury comprises a dislocation of the radial head with an associated fracture of the ulna. In the variant type, there is no ulnar fracture merely plastic deformation. We performed a retrospective study of all Monteggia injuries from 1992 to 2001. A total of 39 were reviewed, of which 8 were missed (1 classical and 7 variant). Of those, five were male and three female with a mean age of 6.3 years. The mean follow-up was 2.5 years, with a mean interval between injury and diagnosis of 33.5 weeks. Two Monteggia injuries diagnosed within 4 weeks were successfully treated by closed manipulation. The other six required ulnar osteotomy, repair of the annular ligament and stabilisation of the radial head with a transcapitellar pin. A protocol for the diagnosis of Monteggia injuries is described. Doubtful cases require an immediate review since early treatment improves the outcome. Acceptable clinical and radiological results in late diagnosed Monteggia injuries can result from ulnar osteotomy, open reduction of the radial head with repair of the annular ligament and transcapitellar pin stabilisation of the reduced radial head.     

儿童孟氏骨折的手术治疗及功能康复

目的 对儿童孟氏骨折的手术治疗及功能康复进行评价。方法 1994年～2001年对78例非手术治疗失败的新鲜及陈旧性孟氏骨折全部采用手术治疗，并随机分为两组，第1组(单针固定组)45例，其中新鲜骨折16例，陈旧性骨折29例，复位肱桡关节后，单枚克氏针固定，石膏外固定，尺骨骨折不作内固定；第2组(双针固定组)33例，其中新鲜骨折14例，陈旧性骨折19例，复位肱桡关节及尺骨骨折后，分别用克氏针固定，石膏外固定。结果 术后78例伤口愈合佳，无感染。均获随访，时间6个月～7年，平均4．6年．尺骨骨折愈合好，无骨不连及骨延迟愈合。手术疗效按肘关节屈伸及前臂旋转功能标准评价，第1组优37例，良5例，差3例，优良率93．3％；第2组优22例，良7例，差4例，优良率87．9％，两组比较无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。结论 手术治疗孟氏骨折整合复位肱桡关节，并予单枚克氏针内固定加石膏外固定，其操作简便、安全、组织损伤小及尺骨骨折愈合快，术后肢体功能恢复好。     

Radial head dislocation with ulnar plastic deformation in children: an osteotomy within the middle third of the ulna

This retrospective study includes 6 patients (average age, 8.7 years) with a dislocation of the radial head and ulnar plastic deformation. All were Monteggia fractures, Bado type I equivalents. The maximum ulnar bow was near the midulna. Five patients underwent an ulnar osteotomy, with elongation and reduction of the angulation within the middle third of the ulna, and open reduction of the radial head. One patient underwent an ulnar osteotomy with only elongation. The osteotomy sites were stabilized by a plate and screws or Kirschner wires. Mean follow-up was 3.4 years. Postoperatively, the average elbow range of motion was extension to 0 degrees, flexion to 138 degrees, forearm supination to 90 degrees, and forearm pronation to 88 degrees. Results in all patients were rated as excellent. One nonunion occurred. An osteotomy performed within the middle third of the ulna, combined with open reduction of the radial head, resulted in excellent clinical outcomes.