吸烟相关疾病模型的研究进展

吸烟对呼吸系统、消化系统、生殖系统、感官系统等多系统造成危害,可导致各种疾病的发生、发展.为了研究烟草与人类疾病的相关性,吸烟相关疾病模型的建立及完善越来越受到人们的关注,目前吸烟相关疾病模型主要包括体外吸烟细胞模型、动物吸烟模型和临床样本吸烟模型3类.本文就吸烟疾病模型的发展过程和研究进展作一综述.     

蛋白质组学在骨疾病及成骨细胞分化中的应用

蛋白质组学是对基因编码的蛋白质进行大规模分析的一门新兴学科,对于寻找骨相关疾病的诊断标志物、筛选药物作用靶点,以及对探讨成骨细胞分化的相关机制等提供了新的方向和方法。本文对蛋白质组学的基本概念、研究方法,以及其在骨疾病和成骨细胞分化中的研究进展进行综述。     

牙龈间充质干细胞的研究进展

牙龈固有层中存在一群间充质干细胞,具有干细胞相应的生物学特性,较强的自我更新能力,表达一组间充质干细胞相关的表面标志物,具有多项分化能力和免疫调节特性.其易于获取、扩增容易的特点使其在免疫相关疾病、皮肤移植、神经相关疾病以及再生治疗中具有很好的应用前景.本文对这一特殊细胞群做一综述.     

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牙周病是中老年人群中常见的慢性疾病,其与全身系统性疾病的关系已引起广泛关注,尤其是与心脑血管疾病的研究已进入炙热状态。本文对牙周病与心脑血管疾病的相关研究及机制进行概述。     

牙体组织相关蛋白质组学的研究进展

牙体矿化是牙体发育形成中的重要过程,对牙体矿化相关的分子调节机制的研究,将为寻找牙体疾病,特别是牙体发育不良类疾病的新治疗方法产生重要意义.牙体组织相关的蛋白质组学为阐明与牙体矿化形成相关的生理和病理机制提供了有效方法.本文简要综述了牙体组织相关蛋白质组学的研究技术进展和已经取得的研究成果,并展望了这一领域的发展前景.     

对氧磷酶及其基因多态性与相关疾病的研究现状

研究发现对氧磷酶可以保护低密度脂蛋白的氧化.目前国内外对对氧磷酶的研究主要停留在对其与心血管疾病、糖尿病相关性的研究,其活性与基因多态性被认为是动脉粥样硬化、冠心病的独立危险因素.对氧磷酶基因多态性的研究对相关疾病的病因研究、治疗以及预防都有重要的意义.笔者就对氧磷酶的生物学特征及其基因多态性与相关疾病的研究进展等进行综述.     

促红细胞生成素肝细胞激酶受体及其膜结合配体相关因子在口腔疾病中的表达及作用机制的研究进展

促红细胞生成素肝细胞激酶受体及其膜结合配体（Eph/ephrin）可以通过细胞与细胞间短距离的信号传导,参与调节生长发育,促进疾病发生发展的各个过程。研究Eph/ephrin与口腔相关疾病的机制可以为口腔疾病的治疗提供新的思路。近年来,针对Eph/ephrin通路调控口腔相关疾病,尤其是在牙周疾病防治、正畸骨改建以及口腔肿瘤的生物学治疗领域的研究逐渐深入,本文即对这3个方面的研究进展进行综述。     

口腔病灶与某些系统性疾病发生发展的相关关系研究

口腔病灶与某些系统性疾病有明显的相关关系。残根残冠等牙体牙髓病灶、牙龈牙周感染性疾病作为常见的口腔病灶对心血管系统疾病的发生发展具有潜在的不良影响。牙周疾病与糖尿病的发生及治疗具有双向相关关系。口腔病灶的存在与细菌性心内膜炎、胃炎、慢阻肺、类风湿性关节炎、骨质疏松、早产及低体重新生儿的发生有相关关系。     

牙周炎和前列腺疾病相关性研究现状

牙周炎是常见的口腔炎症性疾病,有大量文献报告牙周炎与全身系统性疾病存在密切联系,如心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、早产低出生体重儿等.牙周炎与前列腺疾病有相似的风险因素,年龄、吸烟、肥胖和糖尿病以及炎症的刺激对疾病有显著影响.该文主要对牙周炎和前列腺疾病的相关性的研究情况,共同的影响因素,以及相关的生物学机制等进行综述.     

以吞咽困难为首发症状的AL型舌淀粉样变合并多发性骨髓瘤1例报告

系统性轻链型（AL）淀粉样变性（amyloidosis）合并多发性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma,MM）是一种临床上罕见的浆细胞相关恶性疾病。大多数患者因心脏、肾脏功能损伤或实质性骨髓瘤为主诉就诊,以吞咽困难或其他口腔相关疾病为首发症状的病例罕见,故初诊时易漏诊误诊。本文报告1例以吞咽困难为首发症状的淀粉样变性合并多发性骨髓瘤病例,结合相关文献,对该病的特点、诊断标准及治疗方法进行讨论。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

Clinical and pathological aspects on some odontogenic tumors

Odontogenic tumors constitute a very diverse group of lesions that reflects the complex processes of odontogenesis. Controversies over their classification/subtyping, terminology and diagnosis have been persisted, which has direct bearings on therapeutic and/or prognostic implications.     

Can you be too old for oral implants? An update on ageing and plasticity in the oro‐facial sensorimotor system

This review focuses on the capacity of the brain for plasticity and the utility and efficacy of oral implants in helping to restore oro‐facial sensorimotor functions, especially in elderly patients. The review first outlines the components of the oro‐facial sensorimotor system which encompasses both oro‐facial tissues and a number of brain regions. One such region is the sensorimotor cortex that controls the activity of the numerous oro‐facial skeletal muscles. These muscles are involved in a number of functions including reflexes and the more complex sensorimotor functions of mastication, swallowing and speech. The review outlines the use by the brain of sensory inputs from oro‐facial receptors in order to provide for exquisite sensorimotor control of the activity of the oro‐facial muscles. It highlights the role in this sensorimotor control played by periodontal mechanoreceptors and their sensory inputs to the brain, and how oral implants in concert with the plastic capacity of the brain may, at least in part, compensate for reduced sensorimotor functioning when teeth are lost. It outlines findings of ageing‐related decrements in oro‐facial sensorimotor functions and control. The changes in oro‐facial tissues and the brain that underlie these ageing‐related functional alterations are also considered, along with adaptive and compensatory processes that utilise the brain's capacity for plasticity. The review also notes the evidence t hat rehabilitation that incorporates adjunctive approaches such as sensorimotor training paradigms in addition to oral prostheses such as implants may enhance these processes and help maintain or facilitate recovery of sensorimotor functioning in the elderly.     

Tumor microenvironment in oral cancer: novel approaches for immunotherapy

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), which arises from the squamous mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, is a major health problem in the US and other parts of the world, especially in developing countries.