海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘5例报告并文献复习

目的探讨海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘的临床表现特点及诊断方法。方法总结5例海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘患者的临床表现及诊断治疗资料并复习文献。5例患者年龄43～76岁,急性起病2例(7d以内),亚急性起病1例(7d～30d),慢性起病2例(30d以上)2例。均以眼部表现或头痛为首发症状,症状包括头痛。眼球突出。复视及视力下降等。结果5例患者患者全部行DSA证实均为海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘,采用经血管内栓塞治疗,均取得满意疗效。6～15个月随访无复发及明显并发症。结论海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘早期容易误诊,对伴有眼部症状的头痛需要引起临床医师的重视。数字减影血管造影可明确诊断,对于进展性海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘应及早治疗,经血管内栓塞治疗疗效满意。     

颅高压综合征中的硬脑膜动静脉瘘二例报道

目的 介绍2例硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)影像学特征及诊断过程,以期提高临床工作者对该病的认识及正确诊断率. 方法 回顾性分析厦门大学附属中山医院2009年及2011年收治的2例以颅高压为主要表现的DAVF患者的临床资料及影像学资料. 结果 2例患者均为Ⅱ型患者,临床表现以头痛为主(患者2还出现视力变化).头颅MRI、MRV检查均未见异常,DSA检查提示DAVF. 结论 DAVF可表现为单纯颅高压症状,DSA、MR数字减影血管成像技术可予以鉴别诊断.     

颅颈交界区硬脊膜动静脉瘘的诊治分析

目的探讨颅颈交界区硬脊膜动静脉瘘的临床及影像学特点、诊断及外科治疗方法。方法回顾性分析11例颅颈交界区硬脊膜动静脉瘘病人的临床资料。行枕下后正中入路C1半椎板切除引流静脉切断术9例,1例合并小脑幕硬脑膜动静脉瘘病人仅行硬脑膜动静脉瘘栓塞术,观察随访1例。结果9例引流静脉切断病人中,6例以蛛网膜下腔出血起病者术后无明显神经功能障碍;1例术前双下肢肌力0级．大便困难、小便失禁者术后双下肢肌力逐渐恢复至Ⅳ级,大小便能控制;2例以肢体麻木就诊者术后症状消失。术后脊髓动脉造影显示原瘘口及粗大的引流静脉、动脉瘤样改变等均消失;随访1个月～5年,均未见复发。结论颅颈交界区硬脊膜动静脉瘘多表现为蛛网膜下腔出血。血管造影检查应尽量全面,避免漏诊。枕下后正中入路硬脊膜动静脉瘘引流静脉切断术适用于治疗本病。     

表现为后循环缺血性病变的小脑幕硬脑膜动静脉瘘的临床和影像学特点(附3例报告)

目的 探讨表现为后循环缺血性病变的小脑幕硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)的临床和影像学特点.方法 回顾性分析3例表现为后循环缺血性病变的小脑幕DAVF患者的临床和影像学资料.结果 本组患者起病形式多样,均表现头晕、恶心、呕吐,病变侧共济失调、水平眼震;1例患者出现交叉性感觉障碍、轻度延髓麻痹和不完全Horner征;头颅MRI均示小脑病变,其中1例合并延髓病变,病灶处均出现长T1、长T2及弥散加权成像高信号;2例MRI增强见小脑病灶强化及多条弯曲血管影;3例头部数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查均发现小脑幕DAVF瘘口.结论 小脑幕DAVF可引起小脑及脑干缺血表现,MRI增强扫描可见病灶强化及异常血管影,DSA检查可明确诊断.     

2例小脑幕区硬脑膜动静脉瘘误诊病例报告

1 病例介绍 1.1 病例1 患者男性,52岁,因"突发头痛伴意识障碍6?h"于2021年4月10日就诊于首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院,患者入院前6?h晨起后如厕,突然出现眩晕及恶心、呕吐,呕吐物为胃内容物,伴有剧烈头痛、嗜睡症状.发病后1?h就诊当地医院,行头颅CT检查示蛛网膜下腔出血破入脑室(图1A～C),行头颅C...     

硬脑膜动静脉瘘的临床及影像学特征

目的研究硬脑膜动静脉瘘(duralarteriovenousfistula,DAVF)的临床表现和影像学特征。方法对8例DAVF患者的临床和神经影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果DAVF临床表现复杂多样,以头痛(4例)和搏动性颅内血管杂音(5例)为主要临床表现,也可以癫痫为首发症状。头部CT和MRI可显示DAVF的一些继发性改变,如蛛网膜下腔出血、颅内出血、广泛的血管流空现象及迂曲扩张异常的血管。MRA、DSA可显示吻合动脉及引流静脉。结论DAVF的CT、MRI、MRA及MRV等具有一定的特征性改变。结合临床资料可提示DAVF,确诊依赖于脑血管造影(DSA)。     

硬脑膜动静脉瘘的影像特征分析

目的 通过分析硬脑膜动静脉瘘（dural arteriovenous fistula,DAVF）患者的影像学检查结果,探索DAVF在不同影像学检查中的特征性表现,为临床诊断治疗提供依据。方法 对自2005年以来在我院治疗的32例DAVF患者的影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果 32例DAVF患者,颅脑CT和磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging,MRI）检查能较好地显示因DAVF所致的颅内继发性病变,如扩张的引流静脉,继发性出血及静脉窦狭窄、闭塞等改变。数字减影血管造影（digital subtraction angiography,DSA）检查则能准确地显示瘘口部位、供血动脉、静脉引流情况及颅内血流分布情况,但无法显示继发的脑实质病变。 结论 DSA检查是诊断DAVF的金标准。CT、MRI检查亦能为诊断DAFV提供依据。     

前颅窝硬脑膜动静脉瘘

硬脑膜动静脉瘘(AVF)又称硬脑膜动静脉畸形,是一种较少见的血管病变,约占颅内动静脉畸形的10～15％。它们大多发生在横窦(67％)和海绵窦(19％),发生在前颅窝很少见,国内迄今未见报告。我们1例报告如下: 病例资料     

脊髓动静脉瘘一例

1临床资料患者男,60岁。因双下肢无力50 d,渐加重伴小便潴留20 d于2004-06-23入作者医院。入院前50 d无明显原因出现双下肢麻木、无力且逐渐加重,20 d前出现小便潴留、大便秘结。外院行脑脊液检查结果示压力正常,压颈实验通畅,蛋白轻度升高(0·768 g/L),细胞数正常。胸椎MRI平扫检查示,T2~T12水平脊髓腔内呈多个条状长T2信号(图1)。肌肉注射弥可保500μg治疗,1次/d,共20 d,下肢无力无明显好转,遂转入作者医院。入院查体:双下肢肌力Ⅲ级,肌张力低,膝腱反射及跟腱反射未引出,腹壁反射、提睾反射及肛门反射消失;双侧Babinski征可疑阳性;L3~…     

开颅术后硬脑膜动-静脉瘘合并静脉窦血栓形成的临床和影像学分析

目的：探讨硬脑膜动-静脉瘘（DAVF）合并静脉窦血栓形成的临床和影像学特点。方法：回顾本例患者的临床表现和影像学特点及介入治疗经过,并结合复习国外相关文献报道。结果：开颅术后DAVF合并静咏窦血栓形成的报道很少,临床表现复杂多样,血管造影（DSA）均有相应改变。DSA介入治疗疗效显著。结论：DSA检查对确诊和治疗该病尤为关键。     

Extensive Spinal Cord Infarction after Surgical Interruption of Thoracolumbar Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Nontraumatic intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) attributable to the thoracolumbar dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) has been extremely rare. A 41-year-old male patient was admitted with severe acute headache, neck stiffness, and pronounced low-back pain radiating to both legs. The T2-weighted MR imaging showed irregular signal void and enlarged, varix like pouch formation with spinal cord compression at the T11-12 level. The angiogram revealed a DAVF.We report a DAVF case with SAH that revealed an extensive infarction from C5 to the conus medullaris after undergoing operative treatment.     

Brainstem Congestion due to Dural Ateriovenous Fistula at the Craniocervical Junction

Dural ateriovenous fistula (DAVF) at the craniocervical junction is rare. We report a patient presenting with brainstem dysfunction as an uncommon onset. Brainstem lesion was suggested by magnetic resonance image study. Angiogram revealed a DAVF at a high cervical segment supplied by the meningeal branch of the right vertebral artery, with ascending and descending venous drainage. Complete obliteration of the fistula was achieved via transarterial Onyx embolization. Clinical cure was achieved in the follow-up period; meanwhile, imaging abnormalities of this case disappeared. Accordingly, we hypothesize that a brainstem lesion of this case was caused by craniocervical DAVF, which induced venous hypertension. Thus, venous drainage patterns should be paid attention to because they are important for diagnosis and theraputic strategy.     

27例硬脑膜动静脉瘘的临床分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨硬脑膜动静脉瘘（dural arteriovenous fistula,DAVF）的可能危险因素、临床、神经影像特点及治疗策略。 方法 回顾性分析2009年10月～2012年12月期间北京天坛医院神经内科连续收治住院的27例DAVF患者,收集患者的起病方式、危险因素、首发症状、神经影像特点及治疗方式等资料并进行分析。 结果 27例DAVF患者中急性起病13例（48.1％）,其中合并脑出血/蛛网膜下腔出血者10例（37％）,颅内静脉窦血栓形成及高同型半胱氨酸血症者各3例（11.1%）,首发症状为头痛者11例（40.7％）;亚急性起病3例（11.1％）,其中合并颅内静脉窦血栓形成者1例（3.7％）,首发症状为肢体瘫痪/失语者各1例（3.7％）;慢性病程11例（40.7％）,其中合并颅内静脉窦血栓形成、脑出血/蛛网膜下腔出血者各5例（18.5％）,高同型半胱氨酸血症者3例（11.1%）,首发症状为头痛或眼部症状者各5例（18.5％）。其中19例患者行颅脑计算机断层扫描（computed tomography,CT）,3例提示DAVF可能;18例患者行颅脑磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging,MRI）,7例提示DAVF可能;26例患者完成数字减影血管造影（digital subtraction angiography,DSA）检查,均被确诊为DAVF。本组患者中动静脉瘘口位置以横窦、乙状窦及海绵窦区最为多见。接受血管内栓塞治疗14例（51.9％）,建议观察或择期血管内栓塞治疗7例（25.9％）,外科手术治疗2例（7.4％）,放弃治疗4例（14.8％）。 结论 不同起病形式的DAVF伴随疾病不同,临床表现多样;DSA具有诊断优势;血管内栓塞可以作为DAVF的有效治疗手段之一。     

Tentorial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Treated Using Transarterial Onyx Embolization

Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a rare vascular disease, which has high risk of intracranial hemorrhage. We present two cases of tentorial DAVF which were successfully treated with single trial of transarterial embolization using Onyx. We briefly reviewed the types of the tentorial DAVF and strategies of treatment.     

Surgical Obliteration in Superior Petrosal Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula

Superior petrosal sinus (SPS) dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is one of tentorial DAVFs with significant morbidity, which usually drains into the petrosal vein and its tributaries. Unless there is a connection with venous sinus, surgical obliteration is required. We present two cases of SPS DAVF which were successfully treated with the presigmoid retrolabyrinthine approach.     

硬脑膜动静脉瘘的头痛表型及可能机制

硬脑膜动静脉瘘是发生在颅内硬脑膜动脉和静脉之间异常交通的脑血管畸形。头痛作 为其常见症状,临床表型多样,可表现为偏头痛样头痛和非偏头痛样头痛,并常伴有搏动性耳鸣、眼 肌麻痹等,为诊断增加了难度。目前DSA仍然是硬脑膜动静脉瘘诊断和表征的“金标准”。保守治疗 和血管内栓塞治疗减少硬脑膜动静脉瘘分流可有效缓解头痛症状。本文旨在对硬脑膜动静脉瘘的头 痛表型特征、可能机制及治疗转归进行综述。     

Novalis Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula

The spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is rare, presenting with progressive, insidious symptoms, and inducing spinal cord ischemia and myelopathy, resulting in severe neurological deficits. If physicians have accurate and enough information about vascular anatomy and hemodynamics, they achieve the good results though the surgery or endovascular embolization. However, when selective spinal angiography is unsuccessful due to neurological deficits, surgery and endovascular embolization might be failed because of inadequate information. We describe a patient with a history of vasospasm during spinal angiography, who was successfully treated by spinal stereotactic radiosurgery using Novalis system.     

Occurrence of De Novo Dural Arteriovenous Fistula after Transvenous Embolization of Dural Arteriovenous Fistula : Case Reports of Two Patients

Development of de novo dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) at a different site after resolution of an initial DAVF, is rare. Here we report two cases, which we encountered in our hospital. A 68-year-old woman presented with pulsatile tinnitus on the left side. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a left anterior condylar confluence (ACC) DVAF and she underwent transvenous embolization. Four years after this treatment, she presented with tinnitus on the left side, and cerebral angiography revealed a right DAVF around the sinus of the lesser sphenoid wing. Another 69-year-old woman presented with left-sided orbital bruits, chemosis, and conjunctival hyperemia. Cerebral angiography showed left cavernous sinus (CS) DAVF, for which she underwent transvenous embolization for CS DAVF. One year later, she developed a left ACC and transverse-sigmoid sinus (TSS) DAVF.