共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The aims of this study were to investigate the accumulation (15 days) and elimination (15 and 30 days) of cadmium (Cd) in the liver, gill, kidney and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus following exposures to different concentrations (1 and 2 mg/L) of Cd at different water temperatures (20, 25, 30 oC). Additionally, responses of oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx and malondialdehyde, MDA) of the liver were determined following Cd exposures. In accumulation period, Cd levels increased significantly in all the tissues at all temperatures and tissue accumulation order was kidney?>?liver?>?gill. All tissues, except the muscle, accumulated Cd in relation to exposure concentrations and water temperatures. There was no measurable level of Cd accumulation in the muscle, except in fish exposed to 2 mg Cd/L at 30 oC. Likewise, elimination of Cd from the tissues also increased in depends on periods and water temperatures. The order of Cd elimination from the tissues was gill?>?liver?>?kidney. The oxidative stress biomarkers also responded to both Cd exposure and temperature increases. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPx and MDA levels in the liver increased in relation to increases in Cd concentrations and water temperatures. 相似文献
2.
The 96 h LC 50 values of six insecticides were determined on a non-target epigeic earthworm Perionyx excavatus under laboratory conditions. Cypermethrin was found most toxic to P. excavatus (LC 50-0.008 mg/kg), followed by endosulfan (LC 50-0.03 mg/kg), carbaryl (LC 50-6.07 mg/kg), chlorpyrifos (LC 50-7.3 mg/kg), aldicarb (LC 50-10.63 mg/kg) and monocrotophos (LC 50-13.04 mg/kg). When these LC 50 values were compared with their respective recommended agricultural doses, aldicarb and carbaryl appeared more dangerous
than other pesticides because of their lower LC 50 values than their respective recommended agricultural dose. Mean lethal time to cause 50% mortality at recommended agricultural
dose (LT 50) also indicated that aldicarb achieved the fastest LT 50 (26 h) followed by endosulfan (38 h) and carbaryl (44 h) indicating the danger of these pesticides to P. excavatus. 相似文献
3.
The acute toxicity of technical-grade glyphosate acid, glyphosate isopropylamine, and three glyphosate formulations was
determined for adults of one species and tadpoles of four species of southwestern Australian frogs in 48-h static/renewal
tests. The 48-h LC 50 values for Roundup? Herbicide (MON 2139) tested against tadpoles of Crinia insignifera, Heleioporus eyrei, Limnodynastes dorsalis, and Litoria moorei ranged between 8.1 and 32.2 mg/L (2.9 and 11.6 mg/L glyphosate acid equivalent [AE]), while the 48-h LC 50 values for Roundup? Herbicide tested against adult and newly metamorphosed C. insignifera ranged from 137–144 mg/L (49.4–51.8 mg/L AE). Touchdown? Herbicide (4 LC-E) tested against tadpoles of C. insignifera, H. eyrei, L. dorsalis, and L. moorei was slightly less toxic than Roundup? with 48-h LC 50 values ranging between 27.3 and 48.7 mg/L (9.0 and 16.1 mg/L AE). Roundup? Biactive (MON 77920) was practically nontoxic
to tadpoles of the same four species producing 48-h LC 50 values of 911 mg/L (328 mg/L AE) for L. moorei and >1,000 mg/L (>360mg/L AE) for C. insignifera, H. eyrei, and L. dorsalis. Glyphosate isopropylamine was practically nontoxic, producing no mortality among tadpoles of any of the four species over
48 h, at concentrations between 503 and 684 mg/L (343 and 466 mg/L AE). The toxicity of technical-grade glyphosate acid (48-h
LC 50, 81.2–121 mg/L) is likely to be due to acid intolerance. Slight differences in species sensitivity were evident, with L. moorei tadpoles showing greater sensitivity than tadpoles of the other four species. Adult and newly emergent metamorphs were less
sensitive than tadpoles.
Received: 19 February 1998/Accepted: 16 August 1998 相似文献
4.
Lethal effects of active ingredients and formulations of widely used soybean pesticides were assessed with the Hydra attenuata toxicity test. Studied pesticides were insecticides chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin, and herbicide glyphosate. Results indicate
the following toxicity trend: chlorpyrifos > cypermethrin > glyphosate. Tested active ingredients of insecticides and respective
formulations did not significantly differ between them. Glyphosate formulation exhibited higher toxicity at low concentrations
(LC 1–10) respect to active ingredient, reversing this behavior at higher concentrations (LC 50–90). Comparing H. attenuata sensitivity with existent toxicity data for aquatic organisms indicates that this species is poorly sensitive to tested insecticides
and highly sensitive to the herbicide. 相似文献
5.
We measured the level of heavy metal accumulation in lake sediments, herbivorous ( Oreochromis niloticus) and carnivorous ( Serranochromis thumbergi) fish, and crayfish ( Cherax quadricarinatus) from Lake Itezhi-tezhi (ITT) and Lake Kariba. We used atomic absorption spectrophotometry to quantify the levels of seven
heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni). The sediment and the herbivorous fish O. niloticus accumulated a very high concentration of Cu in Lake ITT, most likely due to the discharge of Cu waste from a mining area
450 km upstream. The aquatic species we sampled in Lake Kariba had higher concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Pb relative to those
in Lake ITT. This is most likely due to anthropogenic activities, such as the use of leaded petrol and antifouling agents
in marine paints. Interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between the coefficient of condition ( K) and Ni concentration in the crayfish hepatopancreas. Both O. niloticus and the crayfish had much higher biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAF) for Cu, Zn, and Cd relative to Cr, Co, Pb, and
Ni. The rank of BSAF values for O. niloticus (Cu > Cd > Zn) and C. quadricarinatus (Zn > Cd > Cu) differed from the expected ranks based on the general order of affinity of metals (Cd >> Zn > Cu). 相似文献
6.
Malathion [ S-(1,2-dicarboethoxyethyl) O, O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate] is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide throughout the world. However, limited efforts
have made to study its genotoxic effect in different fish tissues. The present investigation was aimed to assess the genotoxic
potential of the pesticide to the freshwater teleost fish Channa punctatus at sublethal concentrations using the micronucleus test and comet assay. Initially, the 96-h LC 50 value of commercial-grade malathion (50% EC) was determined as 5.93 ppm in a semistatic system. Based on LC 50, three test concentrations ( viz. sublethal I, sublethal II, and sublethal III) were determined to be 1.48, 0.74, and 0.59 ppm, respectively, and the fish
specimens were exposed to these concentrations. Tissue samplings were done on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 22 and 29 of malathion
exposure for assessment of the induction of micronuclei (MN) frequency and DNA damage. The MN formation in the peripheral
blood cells was found to be significantly higher ( p < 0.05) in the treated specimens at all sampling intervals compared to the control. The MN frequency reached maximum on days
3 and 7 at sublethal I and II concentrations, respectively, followed by a nonlinear decline with the progression of the experiment.
Similarly, significant effects ( p < 0.05) of both concentration and time of exposure were observed on DNA damage in the gill, kidney, and lymphocytes. All
of the tissues exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage up to day 3, followed by a nonlinear decrease with
the duration of exposure. A comparison of the extent of DNA damage among the tissues showed the sensitivity of gill tissue
to malathion. 相似文献
7.
The aim of this study was to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50−96h), effective concentration (EC50−96h), risk assessment, and development of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus larvae submitted to florfenicol (FF) exposure. Fish (n = 147; 8.6 ± 0.6 mg; 7 fish/aquarium) were randomly distributed in 21 aquaria (1 L) and exposed to five concentrations of FF 58.73; 131.31; 198.96; 241.88 and 381.81 mg L−1 plus one control and a control with solvent, totalizing seven treatments and three replicates. The estimated median LC50−96h of FF for Nile tilapia larvae was 349.94 mg L−1. The EC50−96h of FF was 500 mg L−1 for weight reduction and was 1040 mg L−1 for length reduction. After the exposure period, final weight and length differed (p < 0.05) among treatments, showing the lowest biometric values with the highest concentrations of FF. The pH and dissolved oxygen were altered (p < 0.05) during the experimental period. The FF high doses used to determine the LC 50 after 96 h negatively affected the development of the larvae. On the other hand, through risk assessment analysis this antibiotic can be classified as low toxicity to Nile tilapia larvae and show low environmental risk. 相似文献
8.
Experiments were performed in the laboratory to determine if excess levels of Co used as dietary supplement (0.0, 0.05, 0.10
and 1.0%) to enhance growth of the fish Cyprinus carpio was safe for aquatic organisms. Lethal concentrations of Co for tadpole of toad Bufo melanostictus (96 h LC 50, 17.2 mg/L), oligochaet worm Branchiura sowerbyi (96 h LC 50, 179 mg/L) and crustacean zooplankton Diaptomus forbesi (96 h LC 50, 1.5 mg/L) were compared with the concentration of Co in the medium leached from the unused diets and faeces. The results
indicated that the Co leached from diet containing 1.0% Co was ecotoxicologically unsafe for crustacean zooplankton. 相似文献
9.
The effects of two different neem products (Parker Oil™ and Neema ®) on mortality, food consumption and survival of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål (BPH) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) were investigated. The LC 50 (3.45 ml/L for nymph and 4.42 ml/L for adult in Parker Oil™ treatment; 4.18 ml/L for nymph and 5.63 ml/L for adult in Neema ® treatment) and LC 90 (8.72 ml/L for nymph and 11.1 ml/L for adult in Parker Oil™ treatment; 9.84 ml/L for nymph and 13.07 ml/L for adult in Neema ® treatment) were identified by probit analysis. The LC 90 (equal to recommended dose) was applied in the rice field. The effective concentration of both Parker Oil™ and Neema ® took more than 48 h to kill 80% of the N. lugens. Fourth instar nymph and adult female N. lugens were caged on rice plants and exposed to a series (both LC 50 and LC 90) of neem concentrations. Nymph and adult female N. lugens that were chronically exposed to neem pesticides showed immediate mortality after application in laboratory experiment. The quantity of food ingested and assimilated by N. lugens on neem-treated rice plants was significantly less than on control rice plants. The results clearly indicate the neem-based pesticide (Parker Oil™ and Neema ®), containing low lethal concentration, can be used effectively to inhibit the growth and survival of N. lugens. 相似文献
10.
This paper deals with the expression of the biomarker hsp70 in the liver and kidney of the freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following exposure to the herbicide oxyfluorfen (Goal). Fishes were exposed to three concentrations, the 96-h LC 50 (3 mg/L), the 96-h ?LC 50 (1.5 mg/L), and the 96-h ?LC 50 (0.75 mg/L) of oxyfluorfen for 6, 15, and 24 days, respectively, and samples were taken at three different time periods for
each concentration. The livers responded to the herbicide by an induction of the expression of both the constitutive (hsp75;
M r 75 kDa) and the inducible (hsp73; M r 73 kDa) hsp70 proteins. In kidney, the herbicide induced a time-dependent increase in the expression of the constitutive
hsp70 (hsp75) as well, but the inducible hsp70 (hsp73) required much longer incubation periods to reach maximal levels (15
and 24 days). Our results suggest that expression of hsp70 in fish is a sensitive indicator of cellular responses to herbicide
exposure in the aquatic environment.
Received: 18 August 1998/Accepted: 20 January 1999 相似文献
11.
Comparative toxicity testing was performed on selected materials that may be used in aquatic construction projects. The tests
were conducted on the following materials: (1) untreated wood species (hemlock [ Tsuga ssp], Western red cedar ( Thuja plicata), red oak [ Quercus rubra], Douglas fir [ Pseudotsuga menziesii], red pine [ Pinus resinosa], and tamarack [ Larix ssp]); (2) plastic wood; (3) Ecothermo wood hemlock stakes treated with preservatives (e.g., chromated copper arsenate [CCA],
creosote, alkaline copper quaternary [ACQ], zinc naphthenate, copper naphthenate, and Lifetime Wood Treatment); (4) epoxy-coated
steel; (5) hot-rolled steel; (6) zinc-coated steel; and (7) concrete. Those materials were used in acute lethality tests with
rainbow trout, Daphnia magna, Vibrio fischeri and threespine stickleback. The results indicated the following general ranking of the materials (from the lowest to highest
LC 50 values); ACQ > creosote > zinc naphthenate > copper naphthenate > CCA (treated at 22.4 kg/m 3) > concrete > red pine > western red cedar > red oak > zinc-coated steel > epoxy-coated steel > CCA (6.4 kg/m 3). Furthermore, the toxicity results indicated that plastic wood, certain untreated wood species (hemlock, tamarack, Douglas
fir, and red oak), hot-rolled steel, Ecothermo wood, and wood treated with Lifetime Wood Treatment were generally nontoxic
to the test species. 相似文献
12.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of carvacrol and thymol on the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes of larvae from two populations of R. microplus: Jaguar (tick population resistant to six classes of acaricides) and Porto Alegre (susceptible tick population). Carvacrol and thymol were tested at concentrations ranging from 0.14 to 5.0 mg mL ?1 in both populations to determine the LC 50. In addition, the LC 1, LC 25, and LC 75 were estimated using the LC 50 and HillSlope of each compound. Larvae of both populations of R. microplus were then treated with the LC 1, LC 25, LC 50, and LC 75 of each monoterpene, and those that survived were processed to evaluate the effects of the compounds on the antioxidant and detoxifying systems of larvae; these effects were assessed by determining the activity of the enzymes, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Larvae from the Jaguar population treated with different lethal concentrations of carvacrol and thymol displayed a dose-dependent increase in CAT, GPX, SOD, and GST after treatment with LC 25. Further, larvae treated with the LC 75 had the highest levels of enzyme activity for carvacrol (1.76 mg mL ?1) and thymol (1.32 mg mL ?1). CAT, GPX, SOD, and GST activity in Porto Alegre population larvae treated with carvacrol and thymol also increased significantly up to the LC 50 of each monoterpene. However, at the LC 75 of carvacrol and thymol, a decrease in the activity of all enzymes was observed for this tick population. These findings indicate that carvacrol and thymol induced increased activity of all evaluated enzymes at different lethal concentrations in R. microplus larvae from two populations. Such findings unveil the possible mechanisms of action of these natural acaricides. 相似文献
13.
The water soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil was tested against Macrobrachium macrobrachion and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/L in glass aquaria stocked with ten animals for 96 h under observations for changes. Moribund swimming,
restlessness, respiratory difficulties, depigmentation and mortalities were observed in the WSF exposure groups, but not in
the controls. LC 50 values were estimated at 5 ± 1.76 and 4 ± 1.76 mg/L for M. macrobrachion and M. vollenhovenii respectively. There was no significant difference in mortalities between the two species ( p > 0.05), leading to the conclusion that the WSF of crude oil in the Nigerian coastal waters may be equally toxic to M. macrobrachion and M. vollenhovenii. 相似文献
14.
Irgarol 1051 is an algistatic compound used in copper-based antifoulant paints. It is a widespread and persistent pollutant
of the estuarine environment. Ilyanassa obsoleta, the Eastern mud snail, is a common intertidal gastropod that inhabits mud flats and salt marshes along the east coast of
North America. It is an important inhabitant of the estuarine environment; contributing to nutrient regeneration and regulating
microbial processes in the sediments. The toxicity of irgarol to estuarine gastropods has not been previously examined, although
they have the potential to be exposed to antifoulants through both aqueous and sediment routes. The objectives of this study
were to evaluate irgarol’s effects on I. obsoleta survival, reproductive status (imposex occurrence and testosterone levels), chemoreceptive function, and cellular respiration
(cytochrome- c oxidase activity). Irgarol was moderately toxic to I. obsoleta; adult aqueous 96-h LC 50 = 3.73 mg/L, larval aqueous 96-h LC 50 = 3.16 mg/L, and adult sediment 10-day LC 50 = 12.21 mg/kg. Larval snails were not significantly more sensitive to irgarol than adult snails. A chronic 45-day aqueous
irgarol exposure (0.005–2.5 mg/L) did not induce imposex or affect free-testosterone levels. The 45-day chronic LC 50 of 1.88 mg/L was significantly lower than the 96-h acute value. A 96-h acute aqueous irgarol exposure (0.375–1.5 mg/L) caused
a decrease in normal response to chemosensory cues such as the presence of food or predators. There was a significant increase
in cytochrome- c oxidase activity at 2.5 mg/L, which might indicate irgarol’s disruption of the mitochondrial membrane and subsequently ATP
synthesis. Although the toxicity values determined for I. obsoleta exceeded irgarol concentrations measured in surface waters, results from this toxicity assessment will provide valuable information
to environmental resource managers faced with decisions regarding the use and regulation of antifoulant paints in the coastal
zone. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to determine the toxic effect of diazinon (organophosphate insecticide) to embryos of Xenopus laevis and Danio rerio. The 96-h LC 50 values showed higher toxicity of diazinon for X. leavis in standard solution (9.84 mg/L) compared to the pond water (12.64 mg/L). Teratogenic index for diazinon was 1.3 and 1.6,
respectively. The 96-h LC 50 diazinon values demonstrated similar sensitivity of embryos D. rerio (8.21–9.34 mg/L) and X. laevis in standard test solutions. Our results reflect that direct application of diazinon into the water can be associated with
significant risks to aquatic organisms. 相似文献
16.
We injected doses of methylmercury into the air cells of eggs of 26 species of birds and examined the dose–response curves
of embryo survival. For 23 species we had adequate data to calculate the median lethal concentration (LC 50). Based on the dose–response curves and LC 50s, we ranked species according to their sensitivity to injected methylmercury. Although the previously published embryotoxic
threshold of mercury in game farm mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos) has been used as a default value to protect wild species of birds, we found that, relative to other species, mallard embryos
are not very sensitive to injected methylmercury; their LC 50 was 1.79 μg/g mercury on a wet-weight basis. Other species we categorized as also exhibiting relatively low sensitivity to
injected methylmercury (their LC 50s were 1 μg/g mercury or higher) were the hooded merganser ( Lophodytes cucullatus), lesser scaup ( Aythya affinis), Canada goose ( Branta canadensis), double-crested cormorant ( Phalacrocorax auritus), and laughing gull ( Larus atricilla). Species we categorized as having medium sensitivity (their LC 50s were greater than 0.25 μg/g mercury but less than 1 μg/g mercury) were the clapper rail ( Rallus longirostris), sandhill crane ( Grus canadensis), ring-necked pheasant ( Phasianus colchicus), chicken ( Gallus gallus), common grackle ( Quiscalus quiscula), tree swallow ( Tachycineta bicolor), herring gull ( Larus argentatus), common tern (S terna hirundo), royal tern ( Sterna maxima), Caspian tern ( Sterna caspia), great egret ( Ardea alba), brown pelican ( Pelecanus occidentalis), and anhinga ( Anhinga anhinga). Species we categorized as exhibiting high sensitivity (their LC 50s were less than 0.25 μg/g mercury) were the American kestrel ( Falco sparverius), osprey ( Pandion haliaetus), white ibis ( Eudocimus albus), snowy egret ( Egretta thula), and tri-colored heron ( Egretta tricolor). For mallards, chickens, and ring-necked pheasants (all species for which we could compare the toxicity of our injected
methylmercury with that of published reports where methylmercury was fed to breeding adults and was deposited into the egg
by the mother), we found the injected mercury to be more toxic than the same amount of mercury deposited naturally by the
mother. The rank order of sensitivity of these same three species to methylmercury was, however, the same whether the methylmercury
was injected or maternally deposited in the egg ( i.e., the ring-necked pheasant was more sensitive than the chicken, which was more sensitive than the mallard). It is important
to note that the dose–response curves and LC 50s derived from our egg injections are useful for ranking the sensitivities of various species but are not identical to the
LC 50s that would be observed if the mother bird had put the same concentrations of mercury into her eggs; the LC 50s of maternally deposited methylmercury would be higher. 相似文献
17.
Plant species possess a huge potential in restoration of fly ash ecosystem. Litter deposition and its decomposition in the ash deposited sites are two important processes of the fly ash ecosystem. In order to identify the biological potential of a plant species to aid restoration of fly ash deposited sites, it is needed to assess leaf litter decomposition as well as nutrient release pattern. In the present investigation, we studied the leaf litter decomposition of the plant species (Leucaena leucocephala, Pithecellobium dolce and Prosopis juliflora) and mix plantation in the fly ash ecosystem. The litter bag experiment was conducted in the area of plantation on the fly ash deposited site during a period of 365 days. Percentage of C and N was higher in L. leucocephala?>?P. dolce?>Mix Plantation?>?P. juliflora while C/N ratio was higher in P. juliflora?>Mix Plantation?>?L. leucocephala?>?P. dolce. L. leucocephala and P. dolce showed relatively fast decomposition rates (k?=?1.27, 1.17), respectively while mix plantation (k?=?0.82) and P. juliflora (k?=?0.73) exhibited relatively slower decomposition rates. Thus, we noted that the decomposition rate of L. leucocephala was greater than the other selected species. This shows that the species having faster decomposition rate and nutrient release could be a factual choice for rehabilitation of fly ash deposited sites. 相似文献
18.
Lethal effects of Hg on Eurythoe complanata held under laboratory conditions were evaluated (LC 50 and LT 50). Worms were exposed to 0–900 μg/L of Hg for 10 days. Mortality occurred in all the treatments, being faster at 200–900 μg/L,
which was confirmed by a Friedman ANOVA non-parametric test. The 4-day LC 50 = 197.15 μg/L (200 μg/L LT 50 = 3.4 days) was similar to that reported for other Hg tolerant annelids. Abnormalities were observed in worms exposed to
all the treatments, becoming more severe as Hg concentrations increased: body darkening, rough, white and opaque skin, everted
and swollen proboscis and gut evisceration. 相似文献
19.
In this study, amphibian tadpoles Rhinella arenarum were exposed to different concentrations of Roundup Ultra-Max (ULT), Infosato (INF), Glifoglex, and C-K YUYOS FAV. Tadpoles
were exposed to these commercial formulations with glyphosate (CF-GLY) at the following concentrations (acid equivalent [ae]):
0 (control), 1.85, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 mg ae/L for 6–48 h (short-term). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase
(BChE), carboxylesterase (CbE), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were measured among tadpoles sampled from those treatments that displayed survival rates >85%.
Forty-eight-hour LC 50 for R. arenarum tadpoles exposed to CF-GLY in the static tests ranged from ULT = 2.42 to FAV = 77.52 mg ae/L. For all CF-GLY, the LC 50 values stabilized at 24 h of exposure. Tadpoles exposed to all CF-GLY concentrations at 48 h showed decreases in the activities
of AChE (control = 17.50 ± 2.23 nmol/min/mg/protein; maximum inhibition INF 30 mg ae/L, 71.52%), BChE (control = 6.31 ± 0.86 nmol/min/mg/protein;
maximum inhibition INF 15 mg ae/L, 78.84%), CbE (control = 4.39 ± 0.46 nmol/min/mg/protein; maximum inhibition INF 15 mg ae/L,
81.18%), and GST (control = 4.86 ± 0.49 nmol/min/mg/protein; maximum inhibition INF 1.87 mg ae/L, 86.12%). These results indicate
that CF-GLY produce a wide range of toxicities and that all enzymatic parameters tested may be good early indicators of herbicide
contamination in R. arenarum tadpoles. 相似文献
20.
The acute toxicity and hatching success of four organophosphorus insecticides—acephate (ACEP), chlorpyrifos (CPP), monocrotophos
(MCP), and profenofos (PF)—was studied in a short-term bioassay using brine shrimp, Artemia salina. Fifty percent hatchability inhibition concentration and median lethal concentration (LC 50) values were calculated after probit transformation of the resulting data. Among the insecticides tested, CPP is found to
be the most toxic and also to inhibit hatching success of A. salina cysts in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the effect of these pesticides on locomotor behavior (swimming speed)
and morphologic differences were studied in LC 50-exposed nauplii after 24 hours. The in vivo effect of these insecticides on acetylcholinesterase (Enzyme commission number (EC 3.1.1.7) activity was also determined
in LC 50-exposed nauplii after 24 hours. Maximum percent decrease in their swimming speed and significant morphologic alterations
were noticed in CPP-exposed brine shrimps. The order of toxicity was CPP > PF > MCP > ACEP in all the parameters studied. 相似文献
|