谢丽娟副市长专门听取肿瘤防治工作汇报

上海市副市长谢丽娟今年6月9日下午约见上海市卫生局及上海市肿瘤防治研究办公室的领导,听取了上海市肿瘤防治工作开展的情况汇报,并决定于近期内召开全市肿瘤防治工作会议。从1985年起,谢丽娟副市长每隔两年必定亲自听取肿瘤防治工作汇报,并对重大问     

评述上海肿瘤登记报告

《中国肿瘤》在1998年第7卷第7期上发表了上海市肿瘤研究所金凡教授署名文章：“上海肿瘤登记报告情况介绍”,比较全面系统地介绍了上海市肿瘤登记报告的基本情况、主要做法和成功经验,对于推动我国的肿瘤登记报告工作无疑将起到积极的作用。本文依据上海肿瘤登记报告情况介绍内容并结合国内外肿瘤登记报告现状,对肿瘤登记报告工作加以述评。l上海肿瘤登记报告情况上海市是我国开展肿瘤登记报告较早的地区之一。1962年,上海市卫生局即发文规定恶性肿瘤为上海市必须登记报告的疾病。1963年正式建立了上海市肿瘤登记处,登记处覆盖15个市…     

上海市肿瘤编码工作现况

从2002年开始,上海市全面开展了肿瘤登记报告工作.肿瘤编码版本为国际疾病分类第十版(ICD-10)、国际肿瘤分类第二版(ICD-O-2),对每个肿瘤案例进行疾病名称、解剖部位和组织形态学三个部分的编码.全市培养了45名合格的肿瘤登记员,目前编码正确率平均达90%.设想从2006年开始,使用国际肿瘤分类第三版(ICD-O-3)进行肿瘤编码工作.     

上海市肿瘤病人随访管理系统的建立和完善

上海市经历十多年的历程,建立了完善的、覆盖全市每个社区的肿瘤病人随访管理系统,它不仅是监测系统,还是社区卫生服务系统.文章介绍了上海市肿瘤病人随访管理系统的建立、工作流程、随访的要求、数据库的建立以及重要的工作措施,并对其发展作了展望.     

上海肿瘤登记报告工作概况

本文主要介绍了上海市肿瘤登记工作的内容和方法、肿瘤的分类和编码、质量控制及登记资料的应用等,为各地搞好肿瘤登记报告工作作参考.     

上海市杨浦区城区肿瘤防治现场建设的回顾与现状分析

文章对上海市杨浦区城区肿瘤防治现场建设20年的情况进行了回顾,对高发区肿瘤防治工作的经验与教训进行了分析,并对肿瘤防治现场建设提出了规划和建议。     

“胃癌的流行病学病因学研究”通过鉴定

胃癌占我国肿瘤死因中的第一位。上海市第二医科大学卫生统计教研组自1979年4月以来承担了上海市卫生局和上海市科委的“胃癌流行病学病因学研究”课题。六年来与上海市第二医科大学病理解剖教研室、上海市长宁区中心医院、上海市测试技术研究所、中科院上海冶金研究所及上海市杨浦区肿瘤防治院等七个单位协作研究,总结出18篇论文。1.胃癌的流行病学研究方面用病例一对照、单因素及多因素logistic回归模型分析了精神因素、饮食因素及其他危险因素。2.胃癌的病因学     

把恶性肿瘤防治工作列入办事日程——上海市五年来肿瘤防治工作总结

自1985年广州全国肿瘤防治工作会议后,上海市根据全国会议精神,在市政府的领导下,对全市的肿瘤防治工作进行了认真研究。在领导、专家、群众的共同努力下,采取了一系列措施,与五年前相比,工作确有进展,并取得了初步成效。提高认识加强领导上海市恶性肿瘤的死亡率居全国各省、市之首,也是上海市居民的第一位死因。据1988年的统计资料,上海市区每年恶性肿瘤的发病数为17 000余人,死亡12 800余人,与60年代相比,发病数和死亡数分别增加了80.2%和120.6%。在居民死因构成方面,50     

沉痛悼念朱瑞镛同志

中国抗癌协会顾问委员会主任委员,原上海市卫生局副局长,党组成员,中华医学会上海分会副会长和顾问,上海市肿瘤研究所咨询委员会主任,上海市红十字肿瘤专家咨询服务中心主任朱瑞镛同志因病医治无效,于1994年5月27日逝世,享年75岁.     

上海举办肿瘤防治工作讲习班

上海市肿瘤防治研究办公室于1996年9月2日至6日举办了’96上海市肿瘤防治工作讲习班。近“位从事肿瘤防治工作的领导和医务人员参加，历时一周，进行了十余个专题的研讨：癌症三阶梯止痛方案；防癌健康教育的意义、任务和方法；执行（中国常见恶性肿瘤诊治规范）中存在的问题；癌症常用统计指标；如何开展好基层肿瘤防治工作等，讲习班学员相互交流，共同切磋，既谈经验，也谈问题及解决问题的方法，达到了预期效果。上海举办肿瘤防治工作讲习班     

Prevention of cancer

Both the cancer incident rate and mortality rate are increasing in Japan. Well-balanced and strategic measures effectively combining primary and secondary preventions are required. In this article, primary prevention measures, such as smoking control and improvement of dietary habits, and secondary prevention measures, such as new methods of cancer screening are discussed. The importance of establishing a Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening is also discussed.     

Cancer Prevention

Over 70% of human cancers are associated with lifestyle and about half of cancer deaths could be prevented by relatively simple individual actions: no smoking, moderate consumption of alcohol, increased consumption of fruit and vegetables, avoidance of sunbathing, obesity and a too high consumption of saturated lipids. Most of these efforts would also markedly decrease the incidence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. However, the concept of prevention is currently neither well accepted nor understood by the medical community and the general public. It is often felt that it restricts freedom, imposes a choice between pleasure and duty, and that passing judgement on lifestyle is a form of intolerance. The case of tobacco illustrates the difficulties encountered by prevention, notably among adolescents. The fight against smoking requires information, a societal approach (ban on advertising, increase in price), and a reduction of the example given by adult smoking (parents, peers, teachers, physicians, TV presenters, movie stars, have a great influence on adolescents), while tobacco cessation programs must be promoted. The various approaches should be integrated into a global program of health prevention, including health education at school from 5 to 12 years of age. The efficacy of each of the global program's components should be evaluated. Misconceptions such as overestimation of the impact of pollution on health should also be corrected. Health is created and experienced by people within the setting of their daily lives, in particular during childhood. Prevention is the responsibility of individual members of the community but also of the community as a whole.     

Prevention of prostate cancer

Strategies for reducing the occurrence of prostate cancers will be critical in limiting the morbidity and mortality of this disease. The long latency period of prostate tumors and improved understanding of prostate carcinogenesis suggest opportunities for effective preventive measures. Because androgen is integral to prostatic carcinogenesis, several preventive strategies under investigation target the androgen axis. Epidemiologic and basic studies implicate dietary factors in prostate cancer development and suggest that altering diet may influence prostate cancer risk and progression. Many of the micronutrients with preventive potential have antioxidant properties; cellular defenses against oxidative stresses are likely to be crucial in reducing prostate carcinogenesis. This article summarizes the current status and opportunities in prostate cancer prevention.     

结直肠癌的预防

结直肠癌在我国是常见恶性肿瘤且发病率明显上升。根据全国12个县市登记结直肠癌死亡率已居第4～5位。从发病率看,20世纪90年代与70年代相比,城市上升了31.95%,农村8.51%。尽管大肠癌的治疗手段有很大进展,但多年来晚期大肠癌的5年生存率并无多大改观。因此,大肠癌预防的意义越     

Prevention of skin cancer

Our understanding of the carcinogenic process as it relates to human skin cancer is growing rapidly. As this understanding increases, so will our ability to alter the process in a positive fashion. Presently, sun exposure is known to be the major carcinogen in human skin. The use of sunscreens is, and will continue to be, the most effective method of preventing human skin cancer. As these agents become more effective, especially against long-wave UV radiation, and as patients begin to use them more conscientiously, we should experience a decrease in skin cancer rates. In addition, a number of chemical agents are presently being investigated as anticarcinogens, especially in those patients who are at high risk for the development of skin cancers. A number of these hold promise as safe and effective chemopreventatives in reducing the morbidity and mortality of cancer in human skin.     

Prevention of stomach cancer

In Japan the mortality rate from stomach cancer is higher than in any other countries of the world. But this rate has recently been decreasing in almost all countries including Japan. We can accelerate the speed of this decreasing tendency by promoting systematically such preventive measures like avoidance of salty foods intake, high consumption of vegetables and fruits, smoking cessation and stomach cancer screening programs.     

Prevention of liver cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide. Prominent risk factors for HCC include viral hepatitis infection; dietary exposure to hepatotoxic contaminants such as aflatoxins; alcoholism; smoking; and male gender. This review highlights ongoing efforts in HCC prevention. Strategies include vaccination against, and treatment of, viral hepatitis infection. In addition to interferon α, an acyclic retinoid (all-trans-3,7,11, 15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentanoic acid), glycyrrhizin and ginseng are currently under clinical investigation for HCC prevention in Japanese hepatitis C patients. Several recent clinical studies in a Chinese region of pervasive aflatoxin contamination also support the approach of favorably altering aflatoxin metabolism and excretion using the chemopreventive agents oltipraz or chlorophyllin. Agents exhibiting chemopreventive efficacy in preclinical HCC models include vitamins A, D, and E, herbal extracts, a 5α-reductase inhibitor, green tea, and D-limonene. Efforts to elucidate the molecular lesions and processes underlying HCC development have identified several putative molecular targets for preventive interventions. These include genes and gene products controlling viral replication, carcinogen metabolism, signal transduction, cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, proliferation, and oxidative stress.