彩色多普勒超声引导治疗假性动脉瘤的临床价值

目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声引导治疗假性动脉瘤的临床价值.方法 9例假性动脉瘤行超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗,4例行超声引导下压迫修复治疗;并在术后1d、7d、30d超声复查,监测疗效.结果 9例患者超声引导下注射凝血酶,其中8例一次性给药治疗成功,另1例在治疗失败后即刻压迫载瘤血管近端,重复注射凝血酶成功;4例行超声引导下,压迫治疗一次性成功.上述病例无过敏反应、感染、出血及异位栓塞等并发症发生.方论 超声引导下注射凝血酶及压迫治疗假性动脉瘤,操作简单、安全、快速有效,是无创治疗假性动脉瘤的最佳方法.     

低频超声治疗慢性扁桃体炎时的声透入性能

<正> 用超声把药物经皮肤或粘膜透入机体内,是超声振动和药物作用相结合的治疗方法.研究证明,超声能增强药物在机体内的弥散作用.此外,在超声作用下,细胞内形成微流(声流),因此移动细胞内的结构,提高细胞的功能及其对物理化学因素的敏感性,使超声和药物的治疗作用加强.     

综合物理疗法治疗脑梗死

目的:探讨综合物理疗法对脑梗死患者的经颅多普勒超声(TCD)和血液流变学的影响.方法:72例脑梗死患者分为声、光、电物理治疗组(物理组)36例和以药物治疗为主的药物组36例,治疗前后检查TCD和血液流变学指标.结果:治疗后物理组TCD及血液流变学指标均显著改善,并明显优于药物组(P<0.05).结论:超声、激光、肌电反馈治疗脑梗死可以促进偏瘫肢体康复,改善大脑血液循环和血液流变学指标.     

聚焦超声治疗慢性宫颈炎的疗效及影响因素

目的 探讨聚焦超声治疗慢性宫颈炎的效果及其影响因素.方法 采用CZF型聚焦超声治疗仪对1 280例慢性宫颈炎患者进行聚焦超声治疗.对其中有完整记录的1 080例患者的治疗效果及影响疗效的因素进行分析.结果 本组聚焦超声治疗宫颈糜烂的总有效率为98.8%(1 065/1 080).在其他参数不变的情况下,糜烂面直径与辐照时间呈指数关系.结论 聚焦超声治疗慢性宫颈炎临床效果显著;根据糜烂面积和不同组织声能量沉积的差异决定辐照时间,可提高治疗过程的可控性及治疗的成功率.     

新生儿肝脓肿的影像学诊断与超声引导下治疗

目的 总结新生儿肝脓肿的影像学特征,以及超声引导下抽液在治疗新生儿肝脓肿中的价值.方法 回顾性分析2001年8月至2012年8月,在我科行超声检查及超声引导下穿刺抽液的5例新生儿肝脓肿的临床资料及超声、增强CT的影像学表现.结果 患儿肝内可探及厚壁囊性占位,囊壁呈高回声,3例病灶内可见分隔.1例患儿行增强CT检查,表现为多发厚壁囊性占位,囊壁可见强化.所有患儿在抗生素和超声引导下穿刺抽液的治疗下均康复.结论 超声检查是新生儿肝脓肿的首选检查方法.超声引导下穿刺抽液与抗生素联合应用是治疗新生儿肝脓肿的安全有效方法.     

基于超声新技术的结直肠癌肝转移诊断与治疗临床研究进展

超声是肝脏疾病的首选影像学检查方法。近年来随着超声造影、融合影像、声弹性成像、术中超声等超声新技术的出现,超声在结直肠癌肝转移的诊断和治疗中发挥越来越重要的作用,成为不可缺少的检查或治疗手段。该文重点综述超声新技术在结直肠癌肝转移诊断和治疗中的临床研究进展。     

第五届全国超声治疗学术交流会征文通知

中国超声医学工程学会治疗委员会定于 2 0 0 0年 9～ 10月在重庆召开第五届全国超声治疗学术交流会 ,现将有关事项通知如下。　　一、征文内容 :①超声治疗的实验研究 ;②超声治疗的临床应用 ;③国内外超声治疗的新进展、新技术 ;④超声治疗仪器的研制与新进展。　　二、征文要求 :①论文全文及摘要 (摘要 80 0字以内 )各 1份 ,摘要内容包括目的、方法、结果、结论 ;②请用稿纸抄写清楚或打印 ,文字不得潦草 ,不要使用不规范简化字 ;③来稿不退 ,请自留底稿。　　三、征文截止日期 :2 0 0 0年 7月 10日。来稿请寄 :10 0 70 0　北京军区总医…     

超声响应性纳米粒子用于超声/光声成像引导下声动力/饥饿治疗小鼠结直肠癌

目的 制备载四苯基卟啉锌（TPZ）、葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）与全氟戊烷的超声响应性纳米粒子（NP）TPZ-GOD NP,并评估其超声/光声双模态成像效果及介导声动力治疗（SDT）联合饥饿治疗小鼠结直肠癌的效果。方法 以薄膜水化法制备载TPZ及GOD的NP。观察TPZ-GOD NP基本特性,以紫外分光光度计检测其超声辐照下释放GOD量,以流式细胞仪检测结直肠癌CT-26细胞与TPZ-GOD NP共同孵育后细胞吞噬情况,于荧光显微镜下观察超声辐照后TPZ-GOD NP细胞毒性活性氧产生情况。检测TPZ-GOD NP增强体内外超声/光声双模态成像效果;观察TPZ-GOD NP介导SDT、饥饿治疗及二者联合对移植瘤小鼠模型的作用。结果 成功制备TPZ-GOD NP,颗粒呈球形,大小均一,平均粒径（262.10±62.92）nm。超声辐照后,GOD释放量随时间而增加。TPZ-GOD NP可被CT-26细胞吞噬,超声辐照后可产生大量细胞毒性活性氧;可发生液气相变,增强体内外超声造影效果。体外光声成像显示,TPZ-GOD NP光声信号值随浓度而呈线性增加。经尾静脉注射TPZ-GOD NP后,小鼠肿瘤区域内光声信号明显增强;SDT或饥饿治疗均可杀伤部分CT-26细胞,二者联合效果更佳。结论 制备TPZ-GOD NP具有超声响应性,可用于超声/光声双模态成像引导下声动力联合饥饿治疗小鼠结直肠癌。     

超声、激光、肌电反馈治疗脑梗塞的临床研究

目的 研究超声、激光、肌电反馈治疗脑梗塞的经颅多普勒超声（TCD）和血液流变学变化。方法将72例脑梗塞患者分为声、光、电治疗组36例和单纯药物治疗36例，治疗前及治疗后检查TCD和血液流变学指标，研究声、光、电组对脑梗塞患者TCD和血液流变学的影响。结果 ①2组治疗后病损评分及Barther指数（BI）均有改善，与药物组相比，声、光、电组下肢功能恢复更显著（P〈0．05）；②声、光、电组治疗后TCD改善显著（P〈0．05）；③治疗后声、光、电组全血黏度低切、高切和红细胞电泳下降明显（P〈0．05），血浆黏度和红细胞压积下降较少（P〉0．05）。结论超声、激光、肌电反馈治疗脑梗塞可以促进偏瘫肢体康复，改善大脑血液循环和血液流变学。     

应用高频超声评价昆仙胶囊对膝骨关节炎的疗效

目的 通过高频超声探查双膝关节软骨变化评价昆仙胶囊对膝骨关节炎（KOA）患者的疗效。方法 收集KOA患者43例,随机分为对照组（24例）和治疗组（19例）,对照组应用盐酸氨基葡萄糖＋美洛昔康;治疗组在对照组用药基础上加用昆仙胶囊。两组分别于治疗前及治疗3个月对膝关节疼痛程度进行视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分,同时应用超声探查股骨滑车沟（TG）、股骨内侧髁（MFC）和股骨外侧髁（LFC）处软骨,对软骨损伤程度进行分级。结果 与治疗前相比,治疗组与对照组治疗3个月VAS评分均降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,对照组治疗3个月MFC超声分级、LFC超声分级无明显变化,TG超声分级、超声分级总分增加（P＜0.05）,治疗组治疗3个月TG超声分级、MFC超声分级、LFC超声分级及超声分级总分均无明显变化。与对照组相比,治疗组VAS评分下降更明显（P＜0.01）,TG超声分级、超声分级总分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,MFC超声分级、LFC超声分级变化差异无统计学意义。结论 昆仙胶囊联合盐酸氨基葡萄糖和美洛昔康治疗KOA可以缓解疼痛,延缓疾病进展,高频超声评估关节软骨损伤程度可作为KOA疗效评估方法,具有一定的临床推广价值。     

声动力疗法的机制研究进展

声动力疗法是一种组织穿透性良好、精度高、副作用小的无创治疗手段。超声驱动的声动力治疗具有无创性、靶向性和组织穿透性等优势，且可显著增强肿瘤治疗效果，在肿瘤防治方面具有良好的应用前景。目前声动力疗法机制研究中尚缺乏超声机械力效应概述，本文就空化效应和机械力效应产生活性氧诱导钙超载途径进行综述。     

声动力疗法医学应用及其生物学效应

声动力疗法是近年来兴起的一种极具前景的增殖性疾病治疗方法。本文综述了声动力疗法在肿瘤治疗、血管成形术后再狭窄等增殖性疾病方面的医学应用及相应的生物学机制。     

Sonodynamic Therapy Using Dacarbazine-Loaded AuSiO2 Nanoparticles for Melanoma Treatment: An In-Vitro Study on the B16F10 Murine Melanoma Cell Line

The use of nanoparticles as a sonosensitizer in cancer sonodynamic therapy has been gaining attention because of their great advantages in drug delivery applications. By conjugating chemotherapy agents with nanoparticles, we can develop a drug delivery platform, control drug release and improve the outcome of treatments. The in-vitro study described here evaluates the combination of AuSiO₂ nanoparticles and dacarbazine (DTIC@AuSiO₂) as a sonosensitizer for sonodynamic therapy of melanoma. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry assays revealed that the viability of B16F10 melanoma cells was significantly inhibited by the increase in apoptosis induction in treatment with DTIC@AuSiO₂ nanoparticles under ultrasound exposure compared with treatment with the free DTIC or AuSiO₂ nanoparticles. The sonosensitization activity of AuSiO₂ nanoparticles and greater uptake of DTIC by tumor cells after loading in DTIC@AuSiO₂ nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of melanoma tumor cells effectively. In conclusion, the DTIC@AuSiO₂ nanoparticles established in this study could represent a good drug delivery and sonosensitizer platform for use in melanoma sonodynamic therapy.     

载声敏剂的高分子超声造影剂体内抑瘤效应及其副反应考察

目的通过对比观察载声敏剂血卟啉(HP)的高分子聚合材料聚乳酸羟基乙酸共聚物(PL-GA)超声微泡造影剂(HP-PLGA)的光敏副反应,并观察超声联合该载药微泡对小鼠H22肝癌皮下移植瘤的声动力治疗效果。方法将35只Balb/c小鼠分为5组,分别将不同浓度的HP-PLGA与单纯HP溶液经尾静脉注入各组小鼠体内,阳光辐照后比较观察不同组小鼠眼睛、背部皮肤、尾巴及肝脏产生的副反应。另建立小鼠H22肝癌皮下移植瘤模型,将荷瘤鼠随机分为A、B两大组进行处理,每组30只。A、B组又分为空白对照(C)组、单纯超声辐照(US)组、超声加空白微泡(US+MB)组、超声加单纯HP(US+HP)组和超声加载HPPLGA微泡(US+HP-PLGA)组,隔天处理一次,连续处理3次。A组荷瘤小鼠治疗后15d,比较各组荷瘤小鼠的质量抑瘤率;B组荷瘤小鼠治疗处理后继续喂养,观察各处理组小鼠的生存期。结果注射40mg/ml与20mg/ml单纯HP组小鼠背部皮肤出现明显的红斑焦痂,眼睛红肿,尾巴肿胀,肝脏出现损伤性病理改变,而其他各组无明显反应。与其他各处理组相比较,超声联合载声敏剂PLGA微泡组质量抑瘤率最大,平均生存天数最长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将声敏剂包裹进高分子造影剂内可以大大降低声敏剂的光敏毒性副反应,且该载声敏剂的高分子造影剂具有明显的体内抑瘤作用,为寻求一种安全、有效、靶向性高、毒副作用小的声动力抗肿瘤方法提供了新的思路和依据。     

超声激活卟啉类化合物治疗恶性肿瘤的研究进展

声动力疗法自提出之日起就一直受到国内外研究者的关注,不断运用于肿瘤的诊治研究,尤其是超声激活卟啉类化合物在非表浅肿瘤的非侵入性治疗中具有独特的优势。本文就该领域近年来的研究进展作一综述。     

Sonodynamic Effect of an Anti-Inflammatory Agent - Emodin on Macrophages

Emodin has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent and inflammation is a crucial feature of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the sonodynamic effect of emodin on macrophages, the pivotal inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaque. THP-1 derived macrophages were cultured with emodin and exposed to ultrasound. Six hours later, unlike the cells treated for 5 and 10 min, the viability of cells treated for 15 min decreased significantly and the cells showed typical apoptotic chromatin fragmentation. The percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) group was higher than that in the ultrasound group. Two hours after treatment for 15 min, the cytoskeleton lost its original features as the filaments dispersed and the cytoskeletal proteins aggregated. The percentage of cells with disturbed cytoskeletal filaments in the SDT group was higher than that in the ultrasound group. These results suggest emodin has a sonodynamic effect on macrophages and might be used as a novel sonosensitizer for SDT for atherosclerosis.     

声敏剂与光敏剂的研究进展

本文概述了声动力疗法与光动力疗法的基本原理及常用声敏剂与光敏剂的发展状况,并对声敏剂与光敏剂的发展进行展望.     

光声动力疗法在妇科恶性肿瘤中的应用进展

妇科恶性肿瘤发病率逐年增加，严重威胁女性健康。光声动力疗法，包括光动力疗法和声动力疗法，通过光激活光敏剂和超声激活声敏剂产生一系列光声化学反应而杀伤肿瘤细胞，具有创伤性小、靶向精确、毒副作用小等优势，已广泛用于诊断及治疗妇科肿瘤。本文对光声动力疗法及其在宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌中的应用进展进行综述。     

Synergistic effect of ultrasound and phthalocyanines on nucleated erythrocytes in vitro

The synergistic effect of ultrasound (US) and chemicals on cells is known as sonodynamic therapy. In this work, two phthalocyanines (zinc and chloroaluminum) have been tested as potential sonosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy. We studied the effect of US and phthalocyanines on carp erythrocytes, as a nucleated cell model. The level of hemolysis, osmotic fragility, lipid peroxidation and oxidation of hemoglobin were the markers of these reactions. Red blood cells were preincubated with phthalocyanines and exposed to 1 MHz continuous wave at the intensity of 2.44 W/cm² for 5 min. It was noticed that US and phthalocyanines exposure led to an increase in the level of hemolysis, lipid peroxidation product and osmotic fragility in comparison to US alone and phthalocyanines alone. However, these factors did not cause changes in the degree of hemoglobin oxidation. The results lead to the conclusion that phthalocyanines caused synergistic effect with US, and it can be used as a sonosensitizer for sonodynamic therapy, but the mechanism of this action is still unclear. (E-mail: tgabryl@biol.uni.lodz.pl)     

Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Treatment by Phthalocyanine on Cancer Cell Lines

Photodynamic therapy is a modality of treatment for tumors. The photochemical interactions of sensitizer, light and molecular oxygen produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen, peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide ion. The tumor is destroyed either by the formation of highly reactive singlet oxygen (type II mechanism) or by the formation of radical products (type 1 mechanism) generated in an energy transfer reaction. The resulting damage to organelles within malignant cells leads to tumor ablation. The cellular effects include membrane damage, mitochondrial damage and DNA damage. A new treatment modality called sonodynamic therapy has been developed, in which the ultrasound–induced cytotoxicity of sonochemical sensitizers inhibits tumor growth. In this study, the promising new generation of sensitizers – phthalocyanines – were used to induce the photodamage. In addition, we applied an ultrasound treatment to support the photodynamic effect. We report on the production of ROS in G361 melanoma cells. Light-emitting diodes were used to evoke the photodynamic effect. Changes in cells were evaluated using fluorescence microscope and atomic force microscopy. The quantitative ROS production changes in relation to sensitizer concentration, irradiation doses and ultrasound intensity were proved by a fluororeader. Our results showed the highest generation of ROS within G361 melanoma cells was achieved at an irradiation dose of 15 Jcm^-2 followed by ultrasound treatment at intensity of 2 Wcm^-2 and frequency of 1 MHz in the presence of 100 μM chloroaluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate (ClAlPcS₂). These results suggest that ClAlPcS₂ is a potential photosensitizer and sonosensitizer for sonodynamic or photodynamic treatment of cancer. (E-mail: kol@tunw.upol.cz)