Subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for synchronous bilateral lung resection

Objectives: With advancements in medical imaging and current emphasis on regular physical examinations, multiple pulmonary lesions increasingly are being detected, including bilateral pulmonary lesions. Video-assisted thoracic surgery is an important method for treating such lesions. Most of video-assisted thoracic surgeries for bilateral pulmonary lesions were two separate operations. Herein, we report a novel technique of synchronous subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery for bilateral pulmonary lesions.

Methods: Synchronous bilateral lung resection procedures were performed through a single incision (~4 cm, subxiphoid).

Results: This technique was used successfully in 11 patients with bilateral pulmonary lesions. There were no intraoperative deaths or mortality recorded at 30 days.

Conclusions: Our results show that the subxiphoid uniportal thoracoscopic procedure is a safe and feasible surgical procedure for synchronous bilateral lung resection with less surgical trauma, postoperative pain and better cosmetic results in qualifying patients. Further analysis is ongoing, involving a larger number of subjects.     

经剑突下入路单孔胸腔镜手术治疗肺大疱的临床效果

目的探讨经剑突下入路单孔胸腔镜手术治疗肺大疱的临床效果。方法选取我院收治的52例自发性气胸合并肺大疱患者进行回顾性分析。根据手术入路方式的不同将其分为观察组(n=24,经剑突下入路胸腔镜肺大泡切除术)和对照组(n=28,经胸入路单孔胸腔镜肺大泡切除术)。比较两组术后1、2、3 d的VAS评分、住院时间、住院总费用、手术相关指标及并发症发生情况。结果两组患者均顺利出院,无围手术期死亡患者。观察组术后1、2、3 d的VAS评分均低于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,住院总费用少于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的单侧肺大疱手术时间、术中出血量、术后胸腔引流管拔除时间、引流量及术后并发症总发生率无显著差异(P>0.05);观察组双侧肺大疱患者的手术时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论经剑突下入路胸腔镜手术治疗肺大疱可较经胸入路单孔胸腔镜促进患者术后恢复,可作为肺大疱的一种安全、有效的治疗方法,值得在临床推广。     

单孔与单操作孔胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸的对比研究

目的比较单孔胸腔镜手术(uniportal VATS)与单操作孔胸腔镜手术(single utility port VATS)治疗自发性气胸的疗效。方法回顾性收集2013年1月-2015年12月收治自发性气胸行uniportal VATS治疗的53例患者作为实验组,对照同期53例行single utility port VATS治疗的患者作为对照组,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、胸管放置时间、术后住院时间、术后疼痛、术后并发症及远期复发等临床指标。结果 106例患者均顺利完成手术,无死亡及严重并发症发生。实验组和对照组比较,术后24 h疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)为(2.60±0.71)vs(3.38±0.84),术后72 h VAS为(1.30±0.51)vs(1.58±0.62),实验组较对照组术后24和72 h疼痛减轻(P0.05)。两组患者手术时间、术中出血、胸管引流时间、术后住院时间、手术费用和术后并发症的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。随访时间5~36个月,平均19个月,术后无气胸复发。结论单孔胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸与单操作孔两种方法同样安全有效,但单孔法术后疼痛程度更轻,近期疗效满意,值得进一步临床推广。     

3D胸腔镜系统在单孔胸腔镜手术中的初步应用

目的初步探讨3D胸腔镜系统在单孔胸腔镜手术中的初步应用效果。方法选择北京大学第一医院胸外科2015年11月-2015年12月应用3D胸腔镜系统行单孔胸腔镜手术的患者,共7例。其中纵隔肿物2例,肺楔形切除2例,肺癌根治手术3例。结果手术过程顺利,术后恢复顺利,无重大术后并发症,无围手术期死亡病例,均顺利出院。术后及随访3个月期间均无出血、肺不张、胸腔包裹性积液、支气管胸膜瘘和乳糜胸等并发症,恶性肿瘤患者影像学复查无复发、转移情况。结论 3D胸腔镜系统可以在单孔胸腔镜手术中安全地应用。它可以提供更加清晰的视野和更好的景深感,增加安全性。     

Comparison of Three Different Surgical Techniques in Patients Undergoing VATS and Open Thoracotomy

PurposeThis study aimed to determine the impact of surgical approach on postoperative recovery, quality of life, and satisfaction level in patients undergoing uniportal or multiportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or open thoracotomy.DesignThis prospective study included patients who underwent open thoracotomy, uniportal VATS, or multiportal VATS in a tertiary Hospital between January 1, 2019 and May 1, 2021.MethodsRecovery was evaluated at postoperative 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours, and 1 month using the Postoperative Recovery Index (PoRI); quality of life was evaluated using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) at postoperative 1 month; and patient satisfaction\was assessed with visual analog scale (VAS) at postoperative 72nd hours and at 1 month.FindingsOf 215 patients screened, 163 patients met the inclusion criteria. Women had higher PoRI values than men at postoperative 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours. Open thoracotomy was associated with higher PoRI values, lower SF-36 scores (except social functioning), and lower satisfaction at postoperative 72nd hours compared to VATS. Patients in the uniportal and multiportal VATS groups had similar postoperative recovery, satisfaction, and quality of life outcomes. Satisfaction was similar in all groups at 1 month.ConclusionsBoth uniportal and multiportal VATS were superior to open thoracotomy in terms of postoperative recovery, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. Long-term studies with larger patient populations comparing uniport and multiport VATS are needed.     

Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for complex mediastinal mature teratoma: A case report

BACKGROUNDMediastinal mature teratoma is the most common histological type of primary extragonadal germ cell tumor. In this report, we describe a rare case of giant mature teratoma located primarily in the anterior mediastinum and causing partial atelectasis of the upper and middle lobes of the right lung, as well as extrinsic compression of the right atrium.CASE SUMMARYA 31-year-old male with a giant mediastinal mature teratoma presented with progressive exertional dyspnea and chest pain for 1 mo. Computed tomography of the chest indicated the diagnosis of anterior mediastinal teratoma. The patient underwent right uniportal anterior approach video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). En bloc resection of the giant teratoma, wedge resection of the upper and middle lobes of the right lung, resection of the thymus and partial excision of the pericardium were successfully performed. The pathological diagnosis revealed a mature cystic teratoma with foreign-body reaction that was closely related to the right lung, atrium dextrum, superior vena cava and ascending aorta. An atrophic thymic tissue was also discovered at the external teratoma surface. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 7.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report of the use of uniportal VATS for complete resection of a teratoma in combination with wedge resection of the right upper and middle lung lobes and partial resection of the pericardium.     

Surgical resection for persistent localized pulmonary fungal infection prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Analysis of six cases

ObjectiveAlthough invasive fungal disease (IFD) is an important complication in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the clinical significance of surgery, including the role of surgical resection for persistent pulmonary fungal disease prior to allogeneic HSCT in the current era with a variety of available antifungal agents, is controversial. We investigated the role of surgical resection.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated six patients who underwent surgical resection of suspected pulmonary fungal disease prior to allogeneic HSCT between April 2007 and June 2016 at our medical center.ResultsWe present six patients who underwent surgical resection of suspected pulmonary fungal disease prior to allogeneic HSCT. In our case series, three of four patients who were given a presurgical diagnosis of possible IFD were given a proven diagnosis after surgery, including two cases of invasive aspergillosis (IA) and one case of mucormycosis. All surgeries were performed by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for lobectomy without major complications. Recurrence of IFD was not observed after allogeneic HSCT in any of the six patients.ConclusionOur experience indicated that surgical resection of persistent localized pulmonary lesions of IFD before allogeneic HSCT was helpful for obtaining a definitive diagnosis and might be useful for reducing recurrence after HSCT.     

Diabetic thoracic radiculopathy: an unusual cause of post-thoracotomy pain

Persistent pain is common following thoracotomy. A 64-year-old retired electrician with Type 2 diabetes presented with chest wall and abdominal pain 3 months following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Postoperatively the patient had suffered pain despite a functioning thoracic epidural catheter. Following investigation, his persistent pain was due to diabetic thoracic radiculopathy (DTR). The disorder is characterized by pain, sensory loss, abdominal and thoracic muscle weakness in patients with diabetes. As in this patient, the pain and sensory loss usually resolve within one year after onset. The disorder may be distinguished from intercostal neuralgia based upon clinical and electromyographic features.     

电视胸腔镜临床应用体会

目的为探讨电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)在胸外科临床应用的价值，该文总结两家医院自1998年9月-2002年10月成功实施的各式VATS共173例。方法173例手术中包括自发性气胸103例，肺活检3例，肺楔形切除术30例，肺叶切除4例，胸腔积液9例，胸膜病变2例，纵隔占住17例，纵隔淋巴结活检3例，外伤肺修补术1例，膈肌修补1例。结果手术过程均顺利，无手术死亡。自发性气胸术后复发3例(1．7％)，均经非手术治疗治愈；1例发生复张性肺水肿，亦治愈；未出现其他并发症。结论VATS极大地丰富了胸外科手术的内容，为多种胸外科疾病的诊治提供了一种新途径。但VATS有其自身的局限性，应注意其手术适应证。     

电视胸腔镜手术在胸部损伤中的合理应用

目的：探讨电视胸腔镜手术（VATS）在胸部损伤诊断、治疗中的应用价值。方法：选择2001年7月—2010年4月胸部损伤患者34例,应用电视胸腔镜进行探查、诊断,同时进行肺修补、心包修补、膈肌修补、止血等手术治疗。结果：34例经VATS探查以明确脏器损伤情况,肺裂伤10例,右心室穿透伤1例,左下肺静脉撕裂伤1例,胸内异物残留3例,2例可疑乳糜胸皆在VATS联合辅助小切口下完成。合并腹部伤5例行VATS及腹腔镜下修补术。VATS探查及治疗时间45~140 min。术后住院时间5~10d。34例术后半年随访,复查胸片或胸部CT均无胸腔积液、异物、肺不张及其他异常发现。结论：VATS的合理应用能使胸部损伤患者诊断更加及时、准确,在不延误治疗的情况下可使手术创伤尽可能达到最小。     

结核性脓胸电视胸腔镜胸膜纤维板剥脱术适应证初探

目的探讨电视胸腔镜(VATS)胸膜纤维板剥脱术治疗结核性脓胸的疗效,并初步探讨其手术适应证。方法 2010年12月-2015年12月筛选60例确诊为结核性脓胸患者,进行了VATS胸膜纤维板剥脱术。在胸腔镜下吸净脓液,分离粘连,清除脓腔内壁上的结核肉芽组织和干酪坏死物,剥除增厚的壁、脏层胸膜纤维板。术后充分引流,同时全身抗结核治疗。结果该组患者手术均顺利,全部一次手术治愈,无围手术期死亡,无术中、术后并发症。随访2个月~5年,肺复张良好,无复发。结论 VATS胸膜纤维板剥脱术治疗结核性脓胸安全、有效、微创。笔者认为影像学表现胸膜增厚在1.0 cm以内、无明显钙化和肺内无严重病变等为其手术适应证。     

Video-assisted extrathoracic bleb excision: an ultra-minithoracotomy for primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is the treatment of choice for uncomplicated primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). In this study, we design a modified thoracoscopic procedure and compare it with the standard VATS. Between January 2001 and July 2003, fifty-two consecutive patients with PSP were managed with the modified procedure, called video-assisted extrathoracic bleb excision (VAEB). Simultaneously, we reviewed and recorded the same data of another consecutive 52 patients who underwent standard VATS between April 1997 and December 2000. The two groups were compared regarding operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain by visual analog scale (VAS), amount of chest tube drainage, length of hospital stay (LOS), and hospital cost. The age, gender, amount of chest tube drainage, and LOS were not significantly different (P = 0.787, 0.727, 0.660, and 0.602, respectively). The operative time was shorter (VAEB 43+/-6 min; VATS 63+/-5 min), pain was less (VAS: VAEB 6+/-1; VATS 7+/-1) and hospital cost was lower (VAEB dollars 1429+/-37; VATS dollars 2035+/-93) in the VAEB group. VAEB is an effective alternative procedure to standard VATS for PSP. It has the same effectiveness as VATS and catches the advantages of transaxillary minithoracotomy. In addition, it is an easier, quicker, less traumatic and more economical approach.     

VAMT肺切除术51例

目的:探讨电视胸腔镜辅助小切口(VAMT)在各式肺切除术的可行性、适应证和意义。方法:应用VAMT肺切除术治疗肺部良性病变和肺癌51例,采用常规开胸手术器械与内镜器械相结合直视操作行全肺切除、肺叶切除及病变局部切除术。结果:51例VAMT肺切除术顺利完成,平均手术时间80 min,平均住院时间9d,无死亡,术后并发症少。结论:VAMT可有选择地应用于除袖式肺叶切除术以外的多种肺切除术,适合于肺部良性病变、转移性肺癌及部分原发性肺癌病人的手术治疗,适应证广,具有创伤小、疼痛轻、恢复快、切口美观等优点,值得推广。     

21例单操作孔电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术后护理分析

目的探讨"单操作孔"电视胸腔镜(VATS)肺叶切除患者术后的围手术期护理。方法回顾性分析我院21例"单操作孔"VATS肺叶切除患者的临床病理资料,总结其术后生命体征、疼痛、胸腔闭式引流管、并发症、住院时间,分析其术后护理特点。结果患者术后疼痛轻,术后第2~3天下床活动,胸腔引流管拔出时间(2.1±1.3)d,术后平均住院时间(5.2±3.2)d。全部患者后恢复顺利,无严重并发症,无围手术期死亡。结论"单操作孔"VATS肺叶切除患者疼痛轻、恢复快,针对性护理措施有利于防止术后并发症,加快康复、早期出院。     

CT引导下Hookwire及亚甲蓝定位在肺部小结节胸腔镜术前应用

目的探讨CT引导下Hookwire与亚甲蓝定位在肺部小结节胸腔镜术前的应用价值。方法选取2011年10月-2013年5月在本院胸外科治疗的69例患者,分别在CT引导下对其75处肺小结节行Hookwire、亚甲蓝单独定位以及Hook—wire、亚甲蓝联合定位,并行全电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术（VATS）,其中Hookwire21例,22个病灶（A组）;亚甲蓝20例,21个病灶（B组）;Hookwire联合亚甲蓝28例,32个病灶（c组）。定位后行楔形切除或肺叶切除术,对照3组的定位成功率。结果A组定位成功18个病灶（81．8％）,脱落及未刺破胸膜4个病灶;B组定位成功18个病灶（85．7％）,3个病灶显示不清;C组定位成功32个病灶（100％）。A、B2组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;A、B组与C组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肺部小结节胸腔镜术前CT引导下Hookwire、亚甲蓝单独定位的成功率稍低,Hookwire与亚甲蓝联合定位成功率高达100％,可提高VATS下切除孤立性肺结节的准确率。     

全胸腔镜下与传统食管切除术治疗食管癌临床对比分析

目的：比较全电视胸腔镜（VATS ）下食管切除术治疗中、上段Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa期食管癌与传统开放式食管切除术的手术效果。方法收集因食管癌行食管切除术的61例患者手术资料,其中VATS下行食管切除术治疗食管胸中、上段癌32例（VATS组）,同期完成的传统开放式食管切除术29例（对照组）,比较两组患者的围手术期指标及术后并发症发生情况。结果 VATS组术中出血量少于对照组,术后第1日引流量、术后引流总量、胸腔闭式引流时间均比对照组明显缩短,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组在手术时间、淋巴结清扫个数比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论对于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa期食管癌,采用VATS下食管切除术的创伤及并发症较少,优于传统开放式手术。     

达芬奇机器人和传统胸腔镜手术治疗肺部疾病的疗效

目的 评价达芬奇机器人手术（robot assisted thoracic surgery, RATS）和胸腔镜手术（video assisted thoracic surgery, VATS）治疗肺部疾病的疗效。方法 对收治的218例行达芬奇机器人和传统胸腔镜手术诊治肺部疾病的临床资料进行回顾性分析。患者自愿选择手术方式,其中RATS组98例,VATS组120例。结果 RATS组手术时间较VATS组长（P<0.01）,手术费用（P<0.05)和住院总花费（P<0.01）较VATS组多。RATS组术中失血量更少（P<0.01）,术后住院时间更短（P<0.05）。两组在中转开胸手术、总引流量、术后引流时间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。肺癌患者中RATS组术后住院时间更短（P<0.01）,住院总花费更高（P<0.01）。非肺癌患者RATS组手术时间更长（P<0.01）,住院总花费更高（P<0.01）;RATS组术中失血量更少（P<0.05）,术后住院时间更短（P<0.05）。结论 达芬奇机器人辅助胸腔镜手术是安全有效的,其在术中出血量和术后住院时间具有明显的优势,而其他指标在机器人手术中无明显优势。     

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the treatment of lung cancer

A growing proportion of lung resections is being performed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). VATS lobectomy is indicated for clinical stage I suspected lung cancer with pulmonary function sufficient to tolerate resection. Retrospective and matched analyses suggest less morbidity with fewer postoperative complications with VATS compared with open lobectomy. Five-year survival for VATS lobectomy in stage I non-small lung cancer patients approaches 80%. A potential oncologic benefit of VATS lobectomy (over thoracotomy) has been proposed through attenuation of postoperative cytokine release. Regardless of whether VATS or an open approach is utilized, thorough lymphadenectomy is important and may confer an additional survival benefit.     

电视胸腔镜辅助下胸椎结核病灶清除术

目的：拓展胸腔镜微创外科新领域,改进胸椎结核病灶清除手术方法。方法：经胸腔镜辅助下小切口进行胸椎结核病灶清除术,与常规手术方法随机对照。结果：以切口创伤为主,手术时间、出血、术后疼痛及术后并发症等方面有显著差异,手术效果良好。结论：电视胸腔镜辅助下胸椎结核病灶清除术,与传统的开胸手术比较,创伤小,出血少,手术时间短,并发症少及恢复快。     

Only Half of the Chronic Pain After Thoracic Surgery Shows a Neuropathic Component

Chronic pain is a common complication after thoracic surgery. The cause of chronic post-thoracotomy pain is often suggested to be intercostal nerve damage. Thus chronic pain after thoracic surgery should have an important neuropathic component. The present study investigated the prevalence of the neuropathic component in chronic pain after thoracic surgery. Furthermore, we looked for predictive factors for prevalence and intensity of chronic pain. We contacted 243 patients who underwent a video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) or thoracotomy in the period between January 2004 and September 2006 by mail. Patients retrospectively received a questionnaire with the Dutch version of the PainDETECT Questionnaire, a validated screening tool for neuropathic pain. Results were analyzed from 204 patients (144 thoracotomies, 60 VATS). The prevalence of chronic pain was 40% after thoracotomy and 47% after VATS. Definite chronic neuropathic pain was present in 23% of the patients with chronic pain, with an additional 30% having probable neuropathic pain. Greater probability of neuropathic pain (ie, a higher total score of the PainDETECT) correlated with more intense chronic pain. Predictive factors for chronic pain were younger age (P = .01), radiotherapy (P = .043), pleurectomy (P = .04) and more extensive surgery (P < .001).PerspectiveUp to half the chronic pain after thoracic surgery is not associated with a neuropathic component, which has not been reported to date. More extensive surgery and pleurectomy are predictive factors for chronic pain after thoracic surgery, suggesting a visceral component apart from nerve injury.