更年期女性动态心电图ST-T改变的临床意义

目的:探讨更年期女性动态心电图ST-T改变的临床意义.方法:300例更年期女性(年龄45～58岁)分为45～49岁、50～54岁、55～58岁3个年龄组与300例同年龄段男性作对照行动态心电图检测.结果:两性间动态心电图ST-T改变差异有显著性(P<0.01).女性3个年龄组动态心电图S1-T改变差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论:更年期女性动态心电图ST-T改变多为功能性.治疗以调节内分泌及自主神经功能为主.     

312名成年男女献血后健康状况的调查

为了解献血员献血后的健康情况,我院自1955年以来在献血员中随机调查312名成年男女,现将结果分析如下。资料来源与采集一、一般情况:男217名,女95名。年龄18～60岁,其中18～35岁占35.3％,36～50岁占56.4％,51～60岁占8.3％。献血员皆为我院职工或亲属。职业以农民、工人占大多数。献血量首次一般为200ml,     

沧州地区成年女性尿失禁调查报告

目的了解成年女性人群发生尿失禁的年龄分布与变化规律.方法采用2004年第三届国际尿失禁咨询委员会(ICI)推荐的ICIQ问卷,调查沧州地区5个县、市区的行政机关、工厂、学校和自然村5682人.年龄18～73岁,不同种族分别分三个年龄组;评估被调查者尿失禁的发病情况.结果回族18～40岁组580人,发病98人占16%,41～59岁组5 13人,发病208人占40.5%,60岁以上年龄组351人,发病286人占81.5%;汉族:18～40岁组2350人中发病470人占20%,41～59岁组1682人中发病764人占45%,60岁以上年龄组206人中发病165人占80%.结论尿失禁是一种常见病、多发病,不同人群中有不同分布,种族间发病率差异无显著性,应加强针对尿失禁的治疗宣传,关注女性健康.     

慢性肝病 肝硬化患者胆囊收缩功能超声诊断分析

本文对慢性肝病和肝硬化患者的胆囊充盈体积及脂肪餐后胆囊收缩功能情况进行分析,现报告如下. 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料:2009年4月至2009年9月在我院门诊就诊患者60例,慢性肝病组、肝硬化组及健康对照组各20例.慢性肝病组20例中男性12例,女性8例,年龄21～62岁,平均48.1岁.肝硬化组20例中男性14例,女性6例,年龄35～71岁,平均53.2岁.健康对照组20例中男性8例,女性12例,年龄18～58岁,平均36.7岁.     

健康成年人血清肌酐生物参考区间调查验证分析

目的通过测定健康成年人群的血清肌酐值,建立本实验室血清肌酐的生物参考区间。方法采用碱性苦味酸法对498例健康成年人进行血清肌酐测定,并按性别和年龄分组比较。结果男性成年人肌酐值高于女性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);>60岁肌酐值高于其他成年年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),年龄18～60岁健康男性95%可信限的参考区间为67.1～119.1μmol/L;>60岁健康男性95%可信限的参考区间为72.0～127.8μmol/L;年龄18～60岁健康女性95%可信限的参考区间为54.4～88.2μmol/L,>60岁健康女性95%可信限的参考区间为60.3～101.5μmol/L。结论生物参考区间对疾病的预防、诊断、疗效及预后均有重要的指导意义,应依据标本类型、检测方法和检测人群制定适合各实验室的生物参考区间。     

健康人群CD4＋CD（25）＋调节性T细胞分布规律与年龄、性别的相关性研究

目的探讨正常人CD4＋CD2＋5调节性T细胞与年龄、性别的相关性。方法采用流式细胞术检测74例男性和67例女性不同年龄组健康体检者的外周血CD4＋CD2＋5调节性T细胞数量。结果男性为（106.45±47.69）/μl,女性为（91.83±33.89）/μl,两者差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。在各年龄组的比较中,31～40岁,41～50岁年龄组均明显高于21～30岁年龄组（P〈0.05）;51～60岁年龄组值明显低于31～40岁年龄组（P〈0.05）。在31～40岁年龄组男性显著高于女性,具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论 CD4＋CD2＋5调节性T细胞分布规律与年龄、性别有关。     

溃疡急性穿孔危险因素的临床分析(附438例分析)

1临床资料 1.1一般资料本组溃疡病急性病人438例,男366例,女72例,年龄最小者18岁,最大者81岁,平均年龄44岁.年龄组:18～34岁132例(30.1%);35～55岁214例(48.9%);56～81岁92例(21%).1.2病史和既往治疗情况病史＜3月者16例,病史＞3月者321例,不明者101例.上述病例分别规则或不规则接受过甲氰咪呱、雷尼替丁、洛赛克、三九胃泰以及中成药制剂和内科抗幽门螺旋杆菌的治疗.     

脑出血104例临床分析

脑出血是神经科急重症之一,主要危及中老年人的生命与健康。现将近三年我院收治的脑出血104例临床资料分析如下。1 临床资料 本文收集了我院1997～1999年脑出血104例住院病人,男性60例,女性44例。40～49岁11例,50～59岁24例,60～69岁35例,70岁以上者34例。最小年龄40岁,最大年龄84岁。死亡16例.存活88例。     

紫河车在支气管哮喘缓解期的应用

1997年～2000年,对34 例支气管哮喘患者,在其缓解期使用紫河车治疗,取得较好效果,报告如下: 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料支气管哮喘34 例.其中男18 例,女16 例;年龄29 岁～67 岁.29 岁～40 岁4 例,41 岁～50 岁8 例,51 岁～60 岁13 例,61 岁～67 岁9 例.支气管哮喘并发慢性气管炎12 例,并发肺心病3 例.     

磁共振扩散加权成像在骨质疏松诊断中的应用

探讨磁共振扩散加权成像（diffusion weighted imaging,DWI）在骨质疏松诊断中的应用价值。根据受检者年龄分为40～50岁组、51～60岁组、61～70岁组,每组各50例受试者,采用GE1.5T磁共振扫描仪对150例不同年龄组的受试者进行DWI扫描,比较不同年龄、性别骨髓表观扩散系数（ADC）值的差异。采用组间t检验对不同年龄组间ADC值差异进行统计学分析。40～50岁组、51～60岁组的ADC值明显高于61～70岁组（P＜0.05）,40～50岁组的ADC值高于51～60岁组（P＜0.05）,40～50岁组、51～60岁组、61～70岁组女性骨骼平均ADC值均高于男性（P＜0.01）。DWI可以无创性了解骨质疏松症患者骨髓的生理变化,ADC值能够尽早、及时且较为敏感地反映骨骼骨质量的减少,为提早预防骨质疏松提供较为可行的诊断、监测手段。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.