角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

Optimal incision sites to reduce corneal aberration variations after small incision phacoemulsification cataract surgery

AIM: To analyze the effect of steep meridian small incision phacoemulsification cataract surgery on anterior, posterior and total corneal wavefront aberration. METHODS: Steep meridian small incision phacoemulsification cataract surgery was performed in age-related cataract patients which were divided into three groups according to the incision site: 12 o’clock, 9 o’clock and between 9 and 12 o’clock (BENT) incision groups. The preoperative and 3-month postoperative root mean square (RMS) values of anterior, posterior and total corneal wavefront aberration including coma, spherical aberration, and total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), were measured by Pentacam scheimpflug imaging. The mean preoperative and postoperative corneal wavefront aberrations were documented. RESULTS: Total corneal aberration and total lower-order aberrations decreased significantly in three groups after operation. RMS value of total HOAs decreased significantly postoperatively in the 12 o’clock incision group (P<0.001). Corneal spherical aberration was statistically significantly lower after steep meridian small incision phacoemulsification cataract surgery in BENT incision group (P<0.05) and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that spherical aberration changes had no significant relationship with total astigmatism changes in all three corneal incision location. CONCLUSION: Corneal incision of phacoemulsification cataract surgery can affect corneal wavefront aberration. The 12 o’clock corneal incision eliminated more HOAs and the spherical aberrations decreased in BENT incision group obviously when we selected steep meridian small incision. Cataract lens replacement using wavefront-corrected intraocular lens combined with optimized corneal incision site would improve ocular aberration results.     

Disruption and reacquisition of binocular vision in childhood and in adulthood

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the most recent studies that address the loss of and restoration of binocular vision in childhood and adulthood and summarizes recent changes in treatment approaches. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies during the last two years support the idea of continued plasticity of the binocular visual system throughout life. Children and adults with strabismus onset following binocular vision maturation are susceptibility to a permanent disruption of stereopsis and sensory fusion. Plasticity of the binocular visual system, however, also means continued restorability of function. Despite a rather short critical time interval for restoration of normal function (three months in children and 12 months in adults), peripheral or extramacular binocular visual function can be restored in most patients whose onset of disruption follows binocular maturation. SUMMARY: Stereoacuity loss can occur in the visually mature patient who develops strabismus later in life and delay of treatment can be deleterious to the restoration of normal macular binocular vision. However, despite any delay of treatment, most patients with strabismus acquired following binocular vision maturation will manifest some stereoacuity or sensory fusion following eye realignment. These findings suggest all patients with strabismus need to have their eyes aligned, either surgically or optically, to maximize their binocular vision outcome.     

Expression and characterization of SPARC in human lens and in the aqueous and vitreous humors

SPARC (secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine) is a matricellular glycoprotein that regulates morphogenesis, cellular proliferation, and differentiation. SPARC is a critical factor in the development and maintenance of lens transparency in mice. SPARC-null mice develop lenticular opacity at an early age that progresses gradually to mature cataract. Despite the high level of homology between the mouse and human genes, little is known about SPARC in the human lens. We have studied the expression of SPARC protein in human lens and surrounding ocular tissues from normal human donors (60-70 years old). Immunohistochemical and immunoblot analyses were conducted on lens, aqueous humor, vitreous, ciliary epithelium, pigment epithelium, cornea and retina. The epithelia and capsule of the lens contained SPARC, whereas the cortical and nuclear fibers did not. In contrast, the aqueous humor and vitreous, which provide nutrients to the lens and regulate its development and function, contained significant amounts of SPARC. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of extracts of various ocular tissues revealed bands of 43 and 29 kD after disulfide bond reduction that were reactive with anti-SPARC IgG. Despite the presence of protease inhibitors during sample preparation, we observed cleavage of intact SPARC to a 29 kD fragment, a peptide reported in other tissues and attributed to endogenous proteolysis. In addition, bands of molecular mass 150 and 200 kD were present that appeared to be disulfide-bonded complexes of SPARC monomers. Human cornea, ciliary epithelium, pigment epithelium and retina also contained SPARC. The presence of SPARC in the aqueous humor and vitreous, as well as in the lens, indicates a functional importance of SPARC in adult human eye as well as in lens development.     

Effect of butyrate and corticosteroids on retinoblastoma in vitro and in vivo

The effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) alone and in combination with a glucocorticoid was studied on Y-79 retinoblastoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Both NaB (0.5 and 4 mM) and hydrocortisone (1-100 microM) added separately to cells grown in suspension resulted in a small growth inhibition (less than 15%). A marked synergistic effect (75-77% growth inhibition) was observed in vitro when NaB and hydrocortisone were added in combination at all the concentrations tested. With in vivo experiments using the nude mouse model of retinoblastoma, the combination of NaB and methylprednisolone did not inhibit tumor growth.     

Sclerosing inflammation in the orbit and in the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae

PURPOSE: To describe two cases with sclerosing inflammation in the orbit and in the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae and to review the literature of head and neck idiopathic inflammation. METHODS: Interventional case series. Two clinical case reports of sclerosing inflammation in the orbits and in the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae are presented. A review of the literature and discussion was performed. RESULTS: Both patients had histologic findings typical of chronic orbital sclerosing inflammation, including mature lymphocytes associated with dense collagen deposition and occasional lymphoid follicles. Bone erosion was present in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical findings of this case series concur with the literature that idiopathic inflammation can be found simultaneously in the orbit and in the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae. These cases of idiopathic inflammation are often clinically indistinguishable from malignant neoplasms.     

Buoyancy of human and intraocular lenses in air and in aqueous humor

The weights of seven human lenses in air and in aqueous humor were determined and compared to those of ten intraocular lens implants (IOLs). All IOLs tested were found to be significantly lighter than the human lenses in both air and in the aqueous humor.     

Fibrin: mediator of in vivo and in vitro injury and inflammation

We examined the role that fibrin deposition and fibrin-associated factors (FAF) play in acute anterior segment inflammatory responses in the rabbit eye. It was demonstrated by immunofluorescence that fibrin represented a major component of the exudative meshwork deposited within the anterior chamber and on leukocyte surfaces therein. Using our in vivo model of endocular inflammation we next demonstrated that fibrin and fibrinogen-derived peptides, but not thrombin, induced inflammatory responses characterized by both leukocyte influx and endothelial cell injury. Fibrin formation within the anterior chamber induced a leukocyte influx consisting primarily of PMN's. Fibrinogen-derived peptides induced primarily a monocyte influx. This dichotomy suggests that multiple inflammatory mediators are elaborated or released during endocular fibrinogenesis and fibrinolysis. To investigate direct effects of fibrin deposition on the corneal endothelial cells (CEC) an in vitro "corneal cup" organ culture model was next developed. Studies comparing various types of mediators demonstrated that only fibrin- derived preparations directly induced CEC injury. Fibrin deposition may thus play multiple roles in endocular inflammation, including the modulation of leukocyte influx, and the direct mediation of corneal endothelial cell injury.