旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植入治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的观察带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植入术加切开复位内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法自1998年1月至2003年2月采用切开复位内固定(2枚空心螺纹钉)加带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植入术21例。结果术后随访2~7年所有病例术后均骨折愈合,髋关节功能恢复良好,无髋部不适感觉,定期复查X线片未发现股骨头坏死征象。结论带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植入术治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折符合解剖生理要求,从根本上解决了因股骨颈骨折后股骨头供血障碍而导致的股骨头缺血性坏死问题,有效地阻止了股骨头缺血性坏死的发生,促进了骨折愈合能力,此方法是治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的一种较理想可靠的手术治疗方法。     

微创空心钉内固定加带血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨术治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的讨论微创切开复位空心加压螺钉内固定加带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨术治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的手术方法及临床疗效。方法对12例青壮年股骨颈骨折采用部分髂腹股沟入路切口联合部分髋关节前侧髂股骨入路,微创切开复位空心加压螺钉内固定加带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨术治疗。结果12例骨折愈合时间3～8个月,无骨折不愈合及股骨头缺血坏死发生,髋关节功能良好。结论微创切开复位空心加压螺钉内固定加带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨术是治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折非常有效的方法。     

带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨用带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的方法和疗效。方法 采用带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植加螺钉内固定,治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折１４例。结果 术后随访１年￣４年６个月,１３例骨折均愈合,示发生股骨头缺血性坏死,患侧髂关节功能恢复良好。结论 该术式能提高青壮年股骨颈骨折的愈合率,避免发生骨不连和股骨头缺血性坏死等严重并发症。     

带血供骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨应用带血供骨瓣移植结合内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。 方法 1998年4月-2009年10月,收治的青壮年股骨颈骨折45例,分别采用切开复位内固定并带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣21例,股方肌蒂骨瓣移植24例,分析骨折愈合、髋关节功能及股骨头缺血性坏死的发生情况。 结果 应用旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植组手术时间较股方肌蒂骨瓣手术组明显延长,出血量较后者明显增加。术后随访共4例延迟愈合,旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣组2例发生股骨头坏死,Harris评分优良率61.9％,股方肌蒂骨瓣组3例发生股骨头坏死,Harris评分优良率87.5％。在骨折愈合、预防术后股骨头坏死方面效果两种方法均满意,但髋关节功能评分有显著性差异。 结论 采用带血供骨瓣移植并内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折,能显著降低股骨头缺血性坏死的发生,且股方肌蒂骨瓣移植手术方法简单、创伤小,术后患者髋关节恢复较好。     

带旋髂深血管骨膜骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的：探讨青壮年股骨颈骨折采用AO加压螺纹钉内固定，带旋髂深血管骨膜骨瓣移植的疗效。方法：经髋关节S－P切口，股骨颈骨折行切开复位，3枚加压螺纹钉固定，带旋髂深血管蒂骨膜骨瓣移植于股骨颈骨折处30例。结果：随访29例，时间1－8年，27例疗效良好，优良率达93％。1例股骨头缺血坏死，1例骨折不愈合。结论：AO加压螺钉内固定加带旋髂深血管蒂的髂骨骨膜骨瓣移植术是治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的有效方法，局部血供丰富，骨折愈合率高，减少了并发症的发生。     

旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣在青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折中的应用

目的探讨应用带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣进行骨折端植骨在青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折治疗中的临床效果。方法对6例青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折均采用切开复位,C型臂X线机透视下用2或3枚空心钉内固定,在骨折近远端凿取5．0cm×2．5cm×1．5cm骨槽,带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植于骨槽内后用可吸收螺钉固定。结果1例术后3个月骨折还未达到骨性愈合,负重下床行走,逐渐出现髋部疼痛,1年后复诊骨折已骨性愈合,髋关节间隙变窄,仍在观察随访中。其余患者经过1～3年随访,股骨颈骨折均得到了骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为6个月,未发现股骨头囊性变及股骨头塌陷。结论带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣血供充足,血管解剖恒定,切取较容易,且血管蒂长,转移方便,采用其作骨折端植骨可有效促进骨折愈合,降低股骨头坏死发生概率,是治疗青壮年陈旧性股骨颈骨折较为理想的方法之一。     

带旋髂深血管髂骨块移植加压螺纹钉内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的：报告应用带旋髂深血管髂骨块移植加压空心螺纹钉内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的临床经验。方法：对36例青壮年股骨颈骨折进行切开复位加压空心方钉内固定带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨块移植,内固定与移植同步进行。结果：随访1年3个月至9年6个月,所有病例术后4－6个月同折愈合,无股骨头坏死,髋关节活动功能恢复良好,无并发症。结论：带旋髂深血管髂骨块移植加压空心螺纹钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折,安全可靠,对于预防股骨颈骨折不愈合和股骨头坏死是一种疗效确切的方法。     

旋髂深血管髂骨瓣移植治疗青壮年移位型股骨颈骨折

目的探讨旋髂深血管髂骨瓣移植在青壮年股骨颈骨折手术治疗中的临床疗效。方法采用切开复位、C臂x线监控下空心加压螺纹钉内固定及带旋髂深血管髂骨瓣移植于股骨颈前部（跨骨折处）的骨槽内，对GardenⅢ、Ⅳ型股骨颈骨折进行治疗42例。结果经10～97个月随访，股骨颈骨折全部骨性愈合，平均愈合时间6．2个月，无发生股骨头囊变或塌陷。根据从事生产与生活能力、髋关节活动范围、髋痛与否综合评价出髋关节功能优23例，良15例，差4例。结论旋髂深血管髂骨瓣血供丰富，解剖恒定，切取容易，带蒂转位移植方便，既能直接成骨，又能膜性成骨；结合骨折整复、解剖对位后、空心加压螺纹钉稳靠内固定，有利于骨折愈合，减少股骨头坏死，是治疗青壮年移位型股骨颈骨折的良好方法。     

青壮年股骨颈骨折不同手术方法疗效分析

目的　对不同方法治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的疗效进行分析探讨。　方法　 116例患者中 ,GardenⅠ～Ⅱ型 13例 ,采用多根螺纹钉或空心螺钉固定 ;Ⅲ～Ⅳ型患者 10 3例 ,采用切开复位内固定术 4 4例 ,切开复位内固定加带肌蒂骨瓣或带旋髂深血管髂骨瓣 5 9例。　结果　内固定加带肌蒂骨瓣或带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣治疗 ,优良率显著高于其它单纯内固定组 (P <0 .0 1) ,骨折不愈合和股骨头坏死发生率明显低于单纯内固定组 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　内固定加带肌蒂骨瓣或带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植入是治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的较理想方案。     

带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣治疗股骨颈骨折27例

目的 探讨应用带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣转位移植手术治疗中年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效.方法 对27例中年Garden Ⅲ、Garden Ⅳ型股骨颈骨折采用切开复位内固定、带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣转位移植于股骨颈前部骨槽内的方法进行治疗.结果 术后随访12～110个月,股骨颈骨折全部骨性愈合,平均愈合时间7.8个月,无发生骨折不愈合及股骨头坏死,关节功能正常.临床结果评定,优22例,良4例,差1例.结论 带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣治疗中年移位型股骨颈骨折,术后发生骨不连和股骨头坏死几率低,临床效果好,是治疗股骨颈骨折较理想的方法.     

国产与进口6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4注射液容量治疗疗效和安全性的对比研究

目的 与进口6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4注射液进行对比性研究,评价国产6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4注射液的有效性及安全性.方法 患者随机分为研究组123例,对照组117例,术中输注研究药物或对照药物10 ml·kg-1·h-1,输注时间 2 h,期间观察患者生命体征,记录液体出入量与合并用药,比较术前和输注后血常规、血电解质、凝血功能、肝肾功能、尿常规指标变化;并记录术中不良事件发生与处理.结果 两组患者用药期间BP、HR、SpO2均能维持正常,BP和HR的变化率两组间差异无统计学意义.两组患者术中出入量、应用血管活性药物及应用血液制品人数与用量组间差异无统计学意义.输注后两组Hct、Hb下降幅度一致,血K+、Na+略低于应用前,血Cl-高于应用前,血糖有升高,PT、APTT时间延长,TT时间略缩短.肝功能ALT、AST超过正常值1.5倍的两组各有4例.肾功能BUN、Cr研究组有11例,对照组7例高于正常.结论 国产6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4注射液用于全麻下非心脏外科手术患者术中容量治疗扩容效果安全可靠,与进口6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4注射液作用相似.     

The Central Role of the Nose in the Face and the Psyche: Review of the Nose and the Psyche

Background According to statistics released by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons in 2006, rhinoplasty is one of the most sought after aesthetic surgeries by ethnic patients and teenagers. It also is the most requested aesthetic operation by patients with body dysmorphic disorder. The psychosocial aspect of rhinoplasty is undeniable. Tagliacozzi in 1567 and Joseph more than a century ago were already aware of this aspect. Methods Using the terms “rhinoplasty,” “patients selection,” “psychological aspect,” and psychological outcome,” 30 studies were selected through searches of the MEDLINE, PUBMED, and EMBASE databases,. This review aimed to analyze how the most acknowledged experts of psychology, facial plastic surgery, and plastic surgery who have worked on the psychological outcome for rhinoplasty during the past century considered the nose–psyche relationship and the influence of rhinoplasty at the psychological level. Results The link between rhinoplasty, psychology, and social environment has been discussed by many important authors during the past century. All of them, independently of their field of study, have stressed that it is critical for surgeons to be aware of their responsibility regarding both the physical and emotional levels. There is evidence that an official preoperative interview is lacking. Conclusions To recognize the importance of rhinoplasty’s psychological implications, it is critical to make a good selection of patients seeking this operation and to have a good outcome. To this end, the preoperative interview is fundamental. Surgeons should be competent at both the psychological and surgical levels.     

Teamwork and the legal and ethical responsibility of the anaesthetist

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Anaesthetists are members of the operating team. Although the surgeons usually consider themselves to be the leaders of the team, all members, including the anaesthetist, have their own legal, ethical and professional responsibilities. RECENT FINDINGS: Good communication and sharing responsibility are characteristics of teamwork. Many factors can affect team functioning: training differences, social status, differences in responsibility, gender, age and culture, among others. An increasing number of individuals are involved in modern treatment due to limited working hours and increasing subspecialization, which complicates collaboration. Not all participants have the same perception of the team structure and its operation. Multidisciplinary, well designed training programmes are needed. SUMMARY: Anaesthetists have to be more aware of their position in the care team and pay more attention to their legal, ethical and professional responsibilities.     

腹腔镜联合内镜微创手术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床观察

目的探讨腹腔镜联合内镜微创手术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的疗效。方法回顾性分析95例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石病人行腹腔镜联合内镜微创手术治疗的临床资料。结果本组63例先行十二指肠镜下乳头括约肌切开术(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)治疗,其中59例成功行EST+腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC),但术中并发十二指肠乳头少量出血2例,术后发生胆道感染1例,出现可疑十二指肠漏1例;4例EST取石失败后1周内改开腹手术,术后并发腹腔感染1例,胆漏1例。23例顺利行LC+腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术,其中腹腔镜胆囊管探查取石5例,腹腔镜胆总管切开取石18例。9例因疑诊胆总管结石而先行LC,术后2~4 d再行EST。术后随访6~12个月,均未出现反流性胆管炎、乳头狭窄等并发症,无胆管结石残留。结论腹腔镜联合内镜微创手术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石效果满意。     

Reconciling the capability approach and the ICF

The literature on applications of the so-called “Capability Approach” of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum is extensive, but it is only recently that some have argued that its application to the analysis of disability would be a great advantage over existing analyses, and in particular preferable to the model of functioning and disability found in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). I argue here that care must be taken in this head-to-head comparison between the Capability Approach and ICF since the former is essentially a political-theoretical account of equalitarian justice, whereas the latter is a model of a classification system for describing disability that is explicitly neutral between any theory of distributive justice. Nonetheless, this paper argues that a careful comparison of the two approaches to the conceptualisation of disability reveals salient aspects of convergence that, arguably, point to a potential synergy between the Capability Approach as applied to disability and the ICF.     

Ocular immunopathological characteristics and the involvement of the platelet-aggregation factor and the anti-PAF at the level of the eye

This lecture tries to systematize the data about PAF (platelet activating factor) complex implications in the different ocular immune responses, and about the therapeutical results of PAF antagonists ?n experimental and clinical inflammatory conditions.