新生隐球菌不同变种所致小鼠原发性皮肤感染的比较

目的：探讨新生隐球菌不同变种在原发性小鼠新生隐球菌皮肤感染中的作用。方法：按照我们建立的原发性皮肤隐球菌感染模型的方法，将新生隐球菌新生变种标准野生株B3501与格特变种标准株ATCC32609分别皮内接种于免疫抑制与非抑制的BALB／c小鼠，皮损真菌培养与组织病理检查确证感染。观察2种隐球菌感染的病程，比较皮损形成与消退的平均时间。结果：2种变种的新生隐球菌皮下接种于BALB／c小鼠后，可以在免疫抑制与非抑制的BALB／c小鼠皮肤上产生丘疹、结节、溃疡、传染性软疣样皮损，皮损可以自愈，真菌培养与病理确证为隐球菌感染。2种菌株只在免疫正常小鼠的皮损形成时间上存在差异。结论：新生变种与格特变种的新生隐球菌均可以造成BALB／c小鼠相似的皮肤感染。推测2种变种对原发性皮肤感染的致病力可能无差异，新生变种发病较多可能与其分布有关。     

艾滋病并发播散性皮肤隐球菌病

报告1例艾滋病并发播散性皮肤隐球菌病。患者女,32岁。人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体阳性,无系统感染症状,皮损表现为传染性软疣样。皮损组织病理示组织细胞内外可见大量有荚膜的孢子,PAS染色阳性。皮损真菌培养阳性,菌种鉴定为新生隐球菌。治疗给予氟康唑静脉滴注,半个月后原有皮损结痂愈合,但右背部又新发带状疱疹。     

皮肤隐球菌病1例

报告1例皮肤隐球菌病。患儿男，12岁。因肾病综合征给予大剂量甲泼尼龙及环磷酰胺冲击治疗，面部及前臂出现多发性传染性软疣样皮疹，真菌学和组织病理检查证实为皮肤隐球菌病，给予氟康唑治疗无效，患者9d后死于急性肾功能衰竭。     

荚膜在小鼠原发性皮肤新生隐球菌感染中的作用

目的探讨新生隐球菌多糖荚膜在小鼠原发性皮肤新生隐球菌感染中的作用。方法按照笔者建立的原发性皮肤隐球菌感染模型构建方法,将新生隐球菌标准野生株B3501与荚膜缺陷株cap64分别皮内接种于免疫抑制与非抑制的BALB/c小鼠,皮损真菌培养与组织病理检查确证感染。观察2种隐球菌感染的病程,比较皮损形成与消退的时间。结果野生株与荚膜缺陷株新生隐球菌皮下接种于BALB/c小鼠后,均可以在免疫抑制与非抑制的BALB/c小鼠皮肤上产生结节、丘疹、溃疡、传染性软疣样皮损,皮损可以自愈,真菌培养与病理确证为隐球菌感染。2种菌株感染的病程差异无显著性意义。结论野生株与荚膜缺陷株新生隐球菌均可以造成BALB/c小鼠相似的皮肤感染。荚膜可能不是小鼠皮肤隐球菌感染的主要毒力因子。     

皮肤隐球菌1例报道

患者男性，12岁，因肾病综合征给予大剂量甲基强的松及环磷酰胺冲击治疗，继发面及前臂的多发性传染性软疣样皮疹，真菌学检查和组织病理证实为皮肤隐球菌病，给予氟康唑治疗无效，患者9天后死于急性肾功能衰竭。     

传染性软疣皮肤镜和共聚焦显微镜的图像特征

目的： 确定皮肤镜和反射式共聚焦显微镜(RCM)下传染性软疣的图像特征。方法： 选取临床确诊的传染性软疣患者,每例选1处或多处皮损行皮肤镜及RCM检查,记录并统计各项图像特征。结果： 共20例传染性软疣患者85处皮损进行了监测,皮肤镜显示85处皮损中71处可见黄白色高亮结构;RCM显示85处皮损显示细胞形态较大的软疣小体,其周围为挤压致密的表皮细胞。结论： 传染性软疣在皮肤镜和RCM下的图像均具有特征性,都可作为传染性软疣的辅助诊断技术。     

氢氧化钾治疗传染性软疣

传染性软疣是一种常见的儿童病毒性皮肤病,尽管少数患者皮损可自行消退,但多数皮损具有传染性。有文献报道10%氢氧化钾(KOH)外用治疗传染性软疣具有较好的疗效^[1]。我们用自行配制的10% KOH治疗50例传染性软疣患者,同样获得了满意的疗效。     

暗疮针治疗传染性软疣

传染性软疣是由传染性软疣病毒感染所致的传染性皮肤病。传染性软疣病毒属痘病毒,主要通过皮肤间密切接触传播,亦可通过性接触、游泳池等公共设施传播。本病多累及儿童、性活跃人群和免疫功能低下者。皮损好发于任何部位,如手背、四肢、躯干、面部、外生殖器部位等。诊断不难：典型的皮疹为直径2mm-5mm大小的半球形丘疹,呈灰色或珍珠色．表面有蜡样光泽,中央有脐凹,内含乳白色干酪样物质（软疣小体）,一般不融合。     

大型传染性软疣1例

男,13岁。8年前右颈侧出现一小硬结,生长缓慢,不痒,近1年增大。皮肤科情况:右颈侧见8mm×8mm半球型丘疹,中有脐凹,表面抓破有血痂,周围有4个小的半圆形或扁平豌豆大小的丘疹,呈线条状排列。用血管钳挤压小的半圆形皮损,可挤出乳白色乳酪样软疣小体。诊断:大型传染性软疣。用二氧化碳激光除去疣体,半月后复诊创面愈合,未见新的皮损大型传染性软疣1例@秦文华$江苏省江都市皮肤病防治所!225200     

传染性软疣伴发表皮囊肿1例

报告1例传染性软疣伴发表皮囊肿。患者男，71岁。鼻尖部出现一黄豆大红色丘疹4个月，无自觉症状。皮损组织病理检查显示真皮内见一囊肿，囊壁细胞内见嗜酸性圆形或椭圆形病毒包涵体，囊腔内的角质物网眼内亦见病毒包涵体。组织病理诊断为传染性软疣发表皮囊肿。     

Cutaneous cryptococcosis resembling molluscum contagiosum: a first manifestation of AIDS

A 30-year-old homosexual man developed multiple skin umbilicated lesions resembling molluscum contagiosum. Initially the lesions were on his face but they rapidly spread. Histopathology and mycologic cultures of a skin biopsy revealed cryptococcus neoformans which was also identified in cerebrospinal fluid and in bronchoalveolar washings. The patient had fever, weight loss, generalized lymph node enlargement, depletion of the T helper subpopulation and positive HIV-1 serology. During treatment with flucytosine and amphotericin B, the skin lesions regressed in 3 months (cryptococcus neoformans disappeared in the cerebrospinal fluid and skin within one and five weeks, respectively). Our case demonstrates that molluscum contagiosum-like skin manifestations may be caused by cryptococcal infections. So it is necessary to perform skin biopsy in HIV seropositive patients with skin lesions resembling molluscum contagiosum, to diagnose mycotic infections, and especially cryptococcosis. Cutaneous cryptococcosis was, in this case, the first symptom of AIDS.     

Co-infection of molluscum contagiosum virus and cryptococcosis in the same skin lesion in a HIV-infected patient

A young human immunodeficiency virus-infected man was admitted in unconsciousness state. Few papular skin lesions resembling molluscum contagiosum (MC) were present on the face. He was found to have cryptococcal meningitis using India ink preparation of cerebrospinal fluid. Histopathological examination of skin lesion revealed the presence of capsulated yeast forms of Cryptococcus within the lesion of MC. The co-existence of MC and cryptococcosis in the same cutaneous lesion is rare, and it could be because of immunosuppression (low CD4 count).     

Cutaneous cryptococcosis resembling molluscum contagiosum in a patient with AIDS

A 29-year-old Haitian man with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed disseminated cryptococcosis with an unusual cutaneous presentation. He had numerous hypopigmented papules over his face that clinically resembled molluscum contagiosum. To our knowledge, cutaneous cryptococcosis resembling molluscum contagiosum has not been previously reported. The patient had a T-cell defect consistent with AIDS and belonged to a high-risk group. To our knowledge, this is the second report of cutaneous cryptococcosis in a patient with AIDS.     

Observations on the antibody responses in molluscum contagiosum

A survey of the incidence of molluscum contagiosum virion antigens in patients with single or multiple lesions showed that all lesions contain virus antigen. The virion antigens were detected in the prickle cell, granular and keratin layers. Hyperimmune sera against vaccinia, rabbit-pox and mouse-pox failed to stain the inclusion bodies in molluscum contagiosum lesions. Virus-specific antibodies were present in 69% of the patients. Although virus-specific IgG antibody was predominant, virus-specific IgM and virus-specific IgA were found in a few patients. An IgM staining in the prickle cell, granular and keratin layers of normal skin adjoining the molluscum contagiosum lesion was observed. The virus-specific antibody response was induced in a few patients after the treatment.     

Cutaneous cryptococcosis mimicking molluscum contagiosum in a haemophiliac with AIDS

A 16-year-old boy with haemophilia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed disseminated cryptococcosis and facial skin papules, some of them umbilicated, that showed numerous encapsulated budding yeast organisms suggestive of Cryptococcus neoformans on cutaneous cytology. Histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous cryptococcosis. To our knowledge, this case is the first cutaneous cryptococcosis in a haemophiliac with AIDS reported in Europe, and the second one resembling molluscum contagiosum.     

An immunohistochemical study of abnormal keratinocyte proliferation in molluscum contagiosum

BACKGROUND: Molluscum contagiosum is a common cutaneous tumour that is characterized by usually spontaneous involution and self-limited spreading in immunocompetent individuals. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the apoptosis and the expression of cell-cycle proteins in molluscum contagiosum lesions. METHODS: The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labelling (TUNEL)-based apoptotic index and the expression of the cell-cycle proteins Ki-67, p53, p21WAF and Bcl-2 were investigated in molluscum contagiosum lesions obtained from the trunk of 20 immunocompetent patients and in normal skin samples from the trunk of six healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Whereas molluscum contagiosum lesions displayed a TUNEL-based apoptotic index similar to that of normal skin, they exhibited an increased Ki-67 index, which was confined to the basal and first suprabasal layers (P < 0.001). Compared with normal non-sun-exposed skin, molluscum contagiosum lesions also exhibited increased p53 staining in basal cells (P < 0.01), increased p21WAF in suprabasal cells (P < 0.001) and loss of Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that molluscum contagiosum lesions exhibit an increased proliferation rate of keratinocytes, which is likely to be partially counteracted by accumulation of p53.     

Treatment of molluscum contagiosum with the pulsed dye laser over a 28-month period

Although benign, molluscum contagiosum causes cosmetic concern, infection, or transmission to close contacts. Treating patients with multiple lesions, especially children, may be difficult. Complications of treatment include infection, scarring, and limited posttreatment activity. The pulsed dye laser (PDL) has proven safe and effective for the treatment of many skin lesions, but little data exist for its role in the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. The purpose of this study is to describe the use, over a 28-month period, of the 585-nm PDL for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. The benefits of this treatment are discussed. The charts of 43 patients receiving PDL treatment for molluscum contagiosum between November 1997 and March 2000 were reviewed. Number and location of lesions at initial presentation and on follow-up visits were recorded. Attempts were made to contact patients who were lost to follow-up. All of the approximately 1250 lesions treated resolved, and 35% of patients (n = 15) had no new lesions after 2 treatments. No complications were associated with the procedure. The PDL is a reasonable alternative to traditional treatment modalities for molluscum contagiosum. Benefits to the patient may include prompt response, fewer treatments, and minimal morbidity.     

Cutaneous cryptococcus resembling molluscum contagiosum in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A hemophiliac man who tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus presented with facial lesions resembling molluscum contagiosum as the initial manifestation of systemic cryptococcal infection. Widespread molluscum contagiosum is being seen with increasing frequency in patients who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus, and examination of biopsy specimens to rule out atypical fungal infection is mandatory.