Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Senecio inaequidens DC. and Senecio vulgaris L

The antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanol extract, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, n-hexane, n-butanol and chloroform fractions of Senecio inaequidens DC. and Senecio vulgaris L. were assayed. The hexane extract of Senecio vulgaris L. (MIC 0.031 mg/ml) showed significant activity against Trichophyton tonsurans.     

Acetylanonamine, a new secopyrrolizidine alkaloid from Senecio anonymus.

A new secopyrrolizidine alkaloid, acetylanonamine, was isolated from Senecio anonymus. The structure was established by high resolution nmr (1H-1H COSY and 1H-13C HETCOR), ms, comparison of these spectral data with those of anonamine, and synthesis of 1 from 2.     

单麻叶千里光的化学成分

目的：研究单麻叶千里光Senecio cannabifolius var．integrilifolius（Koidz．）Kitam．地上部分的化学成分，为阐明其有效成分提供科学依据。方法：采用silicagel、SephadexLH-20及RP18等柱层析色谱方法进行分离纯化，并根据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定其结构。结果：分离得到9个化合物，分别鉴定为：柳杉酚（1）、浙贝素（2）、消旋丁香脂素（3）、齐墩果烷（4）、1，4-苯二酚（5）、2，5-二羟基苯乙酸乙酯（6）、对羟基苯乙酰胺（7）、槲皮素（8）及金丝桃苷（9）。结论：化合物1和2为首次从该属植物中分离得到，化合物1-9均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

菊状千里光的化学成分研究

 目的为系统研究千里光属药用植物的活性或毒性成分,对菊状千里光(Senecio laetus Edgew.)全草进行化学成分研究。方法采用体积分数为90%乙醇热回流提取,分别采用溶剂萃取和硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离等方法得到11个化合物,通过波谱解析和理化常数鉴定其结构。结果从总生物碱部位分得3个化合物:奥索千里光碱(1)、千里光碱(2)和千里光菲灵碱(3);从非生物碱部位得到4个黄酮类和4个有机酸类化合物:异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(4)、异鼠李素(5),槲皮素(6),黄颜木素(7),白藓苷A(8)、2-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二甲氧基苯基)-1,3-丙二醇(9)、香草酸(vanillic acid,10)和对羟基苯乙酸(11)。结论化合物9为新天然产物,化合物7和8为首次属内分离得到,其余化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

Eremophilane-type sesquiterpene derivatives from Senecio aegyptius var. discoideus

Investigation of a CH(2)Cl(2) extract of the aerial parts of Senecio aegyptius var. discoideus afforded nine eremophilane compounds, of which six are new (1-6), namely, 1beta-hydroxy-8alphaH-eremophil-7(11),9-dien-8beta,12-olide (1), 1beta,8alpha-dihydroxyeremophil-7(11),9-dien-8beta,12-olide (2), 1beta-hydroxy-8alpha-methoxyeremophil-7(11),9-dien-8beta,12-olide (3), 1-oxo-8alpha-methoxy-10alphaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8beta,12-lactam (4), 1beta,10beta-epoxy-8alpha-hydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-8beta,12-olide (5), and 1beta,10beta-epoxy-8alpha-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-en-8beta,12-olide (6). The structures of 1-6 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and by comparison with literature data. The antibacterial activity of the isolated compounds was tested against Bacillus cereus and a Serratia sp.     

Defensive chemistry of Senecio miser

Three eremophilanolides, 1alpha-acetoxy-8beta-methoxy-10betaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8alpha,12-olide (1); 1alpha-angeloyloxy-6beta-hydroxy-8beta-methoxy-10betaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8alpha,12-olide (2); and 1alpha-angeloyloxy-8betaH,10betaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8alpha,12-olide (3), and two pyrrolizidine alkaloids, integerrimine (4) and its N-oxide (5), were isolated from bioactive fractions of Senecio miser. The structures of the new compounds 1 and 2 were established by NMR spectroscopic analysis and chemical transformation. The X-ray analysis of compound 1 was also performed. Eremophilanolides 1 and 2 and alkaloids 4 and 5 were found to be strong insect antifeedants, further supporting a proposed defensive role for these classes of compounds.     

Cacalolides from Senecio madagascariensis

14-Isovaleryloxy-O-methyl-1,2-dehydrocacalol (1) and cycloart-23-ene-3,25-diol, beta-sitosterol, and stigmasterol, along with five new cacalolides, 1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,2,3,4-dehydro-6-dehydroxycacalone (2), 1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,2,3,4-dehydrocacalone (3), 1,2-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-dehydro-6-dehydroxycacalone (4), 1,2-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-dehydrocacalone (5), and 2-methoxy-O-methyl-1-oxo-2,3-dehydrocacalol (6), were isolated from Senecio madagascariensis collected from Colombia. The structures of the new compounds were determined using one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. In addition, the structure of 2 was corroborated by derivatizations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.     

藏药川西千里光中倍半萜类成分的研究

目的:对藏药川西千里光(Senecio solidagineus Hand.- Mazz.)全草化学成分进行分离鉴定.方法:利用普通硅胶柱色谱方法和制备薄层色谱等方法进行分离、纯化,并经超导核磁共振(NMR)、质谱(MS)、红外(IR)等现代波谱技术确定其结构.结果:从川西千里光的乙醇室温提取物中获得6个倍半萜内酯,其结构被确定为:8α -羟基-1-羰基-7(11) -烯-8,12-艾里莫酚内酯(I),10-羟基-7(11) -烯-8,12-艾里莫酚内酯(Ⅱ),8,10-二羟基-7(11) -烯-8,12-艾里莫酚内酯(Ⅲ),10-羟基-8甲氧基-7(11) -烯-8,12-艾里莫酚内酯(Ⅳ),6-羟基-7(11) -烯-8,12-艾里莫酚内酯(V),10-羟基-7(11),8(9) -二烯-8,12-艾里莫酚内酯(Ⅵ).结论:所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

返魂草生产技术标准操作规程(SOP)(讨论稿)

1主题内容及运用范围 本规程以我国<中药材生产质量管理规范>(GAP)为指导,制定了吉林省通化、白山地区返魂草规范化生产的技术标准操作规程.     

欧洲千里光化学成分的研究

目的研究欧洲千里光Senecio vulgaris的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构。结果从欧洲千里光甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别为环阿尔廷-23Z-烯-3β,25-二醇(cycloart-23Z-ene-3β,25-diol,1)、1β,6α-二羟基桉烷-4(15)-烯(1β,6α-dihydroxyeudesm-4(15)-ene,2)、黑麦草内酯(loliolide,3)、1β,5α-二当归酰氧基-桉烷-(15)-烯(1β,5α-diangeloyloxy-eudesm-(15)-ene,4)、1β,7α-二羟基桉烷-4(15)-烯(1β,7α-dihydroxyeudesm-4(15)-ene,5)、刺参酮(oplopanone,6)、1-羟基-4-氧代-2,5-环己二烯-1-醋酸甲酯(蓝花楹酮,jacaranone,7)、1′-羟基-2′-甲氧基-4′-环己烯-醋酸甲酯(1′-hydroxy-2′-methoxy-4′-oxocyclohexanac-etate methyl,8)、4-(醋酸甲酯)-4-羟基-环己酮(4-carbomethoxymethyl-4-hydroxycyclohexanone,9)、1-羟基-2,6-二甲氧基-4-环己烯-醋酸甲酯(1-hydroxy-2,6-di methoxy-4-oxocyclohexanacetate methyl,10)、2-[2,2-二甲基-6-氧-7-二氢-1,3-苯并二氧戊环-3(6-氢)-基]-醋酸甲酯(2-[2,2-di methyl-6-oxo-7-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxol-3(6 H)-yl]aceatemethyl,11)。结论 11个化合物均是首次从欧洲千里光中分离得到。     

Chemical composition analysis, antioxidant, antiglycating activities and neuroprotective effects of S. choloroleuca, S. mirzayanii and S. santolinifolia from Iran

This study was designed to examine antioxidant activities, antiglycating abilities and neuroprotective effects of methanolic extracts of Salvia choloroleuca, Salvia santolinifolia and Salvia mirzayanii from Iran. The extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by several biochemical assays such as DPPH, FRAP, β-carotene bleaching and TEAC assays. HPLC analysis of these extracts led to the separation of a number of components such as catechine and rosmarinic acid. Based on our results, all these plants had antioxidant and antiglycating activities, among them S. choloroleuca seems to be the most effective one. Furthermore, these species not only showed no cytotoxic effects in neuron-like PC12 cells, but also protected them against oxidative stress-induced cell death, exerted by H(2)O(2). We further showed that these plants increase superoxide dismutase and catalase levels, reduce lipid peroxidation and up regulate hemeoxygenase-1 and glutamylcysteine synthetase proteins. This study raised the possibility of developing these plants as potential neuroprotective agents.     

Constituents of Senecio chionophilus with potential antitubercular activity

Two new sesquiterpenoids, (1S,4S,5R,10R)-1-hydroxy-6-isobutyryloxy-10H-9-oxofuranoeremophilane (1) and 1alpha-hydroxy-6beta-(2xi-methylbutyryloxy)-10alphaH-9-oxofuranoeremophilane (2), along with 21 known constituents, were isolated from the n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts of the above-ground biomass and roots of Senecio chionophilus. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and chemical transformation methods. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by Mosher ester methodology. All of the isolates were evaluated for their antitubercular potential against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a microplate Alamar Blue assay. Compound 2, 6beta-angeloyloxy-1alpha-hydroxy-10alphaH-9-oxofuranoeremophilane (3), and 4'-hydroxyacetophenone (6) exhibited mild antitubercular activity at minimum inhibitory concentrations of 119, 114, and 121 microg/mL, respectively.     

麻叶千里光抗菌化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的研究麻叶千里光S enecio cannabif olius抗菌活性成分。方法以革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌S taphy lococcus aureus、枯草芽孢杆菌B acillus subtilis和阴性菌大肠杆菌E scherich ia coli为受试菌,采用体外抑菌圈法追踪抗菌活性部分,利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和谱学数据进行结构鉴定。结果从麻叶千里光中分离得到5个化合物,分别鉴定为5-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(E-13)、6-羟基-7,7a-二氢-2-(6H)-苯骈呋喃酮(E-14)、2-(1,4-二羟基环己烷基)-乙酸(E-16)、3-羟基环己酸(E-17)、4-羟基苯甲醛(B-14)。结论它们均为从千里光属植物中首次分到。     

Eremophilanes from Senecio mairetianus and some reaction products

Eight new eremophilanolides (1, 2, 4-7, 9, and 10), a new eremophilane (13), and several known compounds were isolated from the roots and aerial parts of Senecio mairetianus. The chemical structures were proposed taking into consideration spectroscopic analyses and chemical transformations. X-ray diffraction analysis of 2, 4, and 9 confirmed their structures. The stereochemistry of 1,10-epoxy-8alpha-methoxyermophilanolide (3) was determined. Compounds 4-7, 9, and 10 are possible artifacts obtained by preparation of the alkaloidal extract.     

千里光及其伪品大头艾纳香茎的显微鉴别比较

千里光为较常用中药 ,具有清热解毒、明目、止痒的作用 ,其来源为菊科植物千里光ＳｅｎｅｃｉｏｓｃａｎｄｅｎｓＢｕｃｈ．-Ｈａｍ．的干燥地上部份〔１〕。１９７７年版《中国药典》曾收载。近来 ,我们在药材收购中发现一种千里光的伪品 ,经鉴定是菊科植物大头艾纳香Ｂｌｕｍｅａｍｅｇａｏｐｈａｌａ（Ｒａｎｄ．）ｃｈａｎｇｅｔＴｓｅｎｇ的干燥地上部分〔２ ,３〕;该原植物来源及性状鉴别已有报道。目前二者茎的显微鉴别尚未见报道 ,今对二者茎进行显微特征比较 ,报道如下。１显微观察取千里光及大头艾纳香的中部茎（直径约０ ２５ｃ…     

广东产千里光生物碱类成分研究

目的:研究广东产千里光中生物碱类化学成分。方法:采用高分离度快速液相-质谱联用法(RRLC-ESI-MS/MS)对广东产千里光中生物碱类成分进行分析;采用硅胶柱层析法分离纯化获得克氏千里光碱单体,并对其进行了结构鉴定。结果:RRLC-ESI-MS/MS分析表明,广东产千里光药材含有野百合碱、阿多尼弗林碱、脱氢克氏千里光碱和克氏千里光碱4个生物碱类成分;其中,克氏千里光碱在广东产千里光中系首次发现。结论:广东产千里光的主要成分是克氏千里光碱。     

HPLC 法同时测定藏药川西千里光中的绿原酸、金丝桃苷和木犀草苷的含量

目的：本文建立了HPLC 同时测定藏药川西千里光中绿原酸、金丝桃苷和木犀草苷3 种成分的方法。方法：采用SinoChrom ODS-BP 色谱柱（250 mmx4.6 mm,5μm）,以乙腈（A）-0.1%磷酸溶液（B）为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1 mL·min-1,检测波长355 nm,进样量10 μL,柱温30℃。结果：绿原酸、金丝桃苷、木犀草苷在30 min 内均达到基线分离,各成分在其线性范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,线性范围分别为：0.697 2~5.229 0 μg（r =0.999 4）、0.085 8~0.643 8 μg（r =1.000 0）、0.082 7~0.620 4 μg（r=1.000 0）。平均加样回收率分别为：102.09%（RSD=0.99%） 、101.17%（RSD=0.69%）、 100.91%（RSD=1.01%）。结论：本方法操作简便、准确,重复性和稳定性好,可用于川西千里光的质量控制。     

C-5-substituted antifeedant silphinene sesquiterpenes from Senecio palmensis

The new sesquiterpenes, 5alpha-senecioyloxysilphinen-3-one (5), 5alpha-tigloyloxysilphinen-3-one (7), and 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-angeloyloxysilphinene (8), and the known compounds (6S)-2,10-bisaboladien-1-one (1), 6,7-epoxy-3(15)-caryophyllene (2), 6,7-epoxy-2,9-humuladiene (3), 5alpha-angeloyloxysilphinen-3-one (4), and 5alpha-acetoxysilphinen-3-one (6) were isolated from bioactive fractions of Senecio palmensis. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence. The semisynthetic analogues silphinen-3,5-dione (9), 5alpha-hydroxysilphinen-3-one (10), 5beta-hydroxysilphinen-3-one (11), 5beta-acetoxysilphinen-3-one (12), and 5beta-isobutyryloxysilphinen-3-one (13) were generated to carry out a structure-activity study on the antifeedant action of these molecules against several divergent insect species.     

Gastroprotective effect of Senecio candicans DC on experimental ulcer models

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Senecio candicans DC (Asteraceae) is used as a remedy for gastric ulcer and stomach pain in the Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu for which no scientific evidence exists.

Aim of the study

The present study was performed to evaluate the gastroprotective effects and acute oral toxicity of aqueous leaf extract of Senecio candicans (AESC) in experimental models.

Materials and methods

The antiulcerogenic activity of AESC was performed in two different ulcer models viz., pylorus-ligated model and ethanol-induced model using Wistar albino rats. Acute toxicity study was also performed to get information on the admissible dose for treatment of ulcer. Preliminary phytochemical screening of AESC was performed to find the active principles present, which are thus responsible for the antiulcerogenic activity. DPPH assay was performed to confirm the antioxidant activity of AESC.

Results

The acute toxicity study did not show any mortality up to 2500 mg/kg b.w. of AESC. Both the ulcer models showed gastroprotective effect comparable to that of the standard Omeprazole. The results of antioxidant enzymes, histopathology sections, ATPase and mucus content of gastric secretion showed that several mechanisms are involved in the gastroprotective effect. The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids in AESC. The DPPH assay confirmed the antioxidant activity of AESC.

Conclusion

The traditional consumption of AESC for the treatment of gastric ulcer is thus true, the antioxidant constituents present in the extract plays a major role in the gastroprotective activity, but since Senecio species are known for the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a detailed study in future is required to describe the safe dose for a prolonged period.