PI3K/Akt信号通路在RANKL诱导的MCF-7乳腺癌细胞迁移中的作用

目的 核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)能促进表达RANK的上皮癌细胞迁移至骨,与乳腺癌骨转移密切相关.本文探讨磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶(phosphoinositide3-kinase/serine/threonine protein kinase PI3K/Akt)信号通路在RANKL诱导的乳腺癌MCF-7细胞迁移中的作用.方法 流式细胞仪检测MCF-7细胞表面RANK蛋白的表达;Transwell法测定RANKL刺激后MCF-7细胞迁移能力的改变;Western-blot检测MCF-7细胞RANKL刺激后p-Akt及Akt的表达.SPSS 16.0软件分析实验数据.结果 MCF-7细胞表达RANK 蛋白,RANKL诱导MCF-7细胞迁移能力显著增强,RANKL的圈套受体OPG可阻断RANKL诱导的细胞迁移.RANKL刺激后MCF-7细胞p-Akt表达在1、5分钟时一过性升高,PI3K抑制剂LY294002显著抑制RANKL诱导的细胞迁移.结论 PI3K/Akt信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7迁移.     

c-Src参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT-474细胞迁移的机制研究

目的：核因子-κB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）/核因子κB受体活化因子（RANK）通路在肿瘤骨定向性迁移中发挥重要的作用,但具体信号传导机制尚不清楚。本文探讨非受体酪氨酸激酶c-Src在RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT474细胞迁移中的作用。方法：Western blot检测BT-474细胞表面受体RANK蛋白的表达及RANKL刺激后细胞p-Src及c-Src的表达;Transwell法测定细胞迁移能力。采用SPSS 16.0统计学软件分析实验数据。结果：BT-474细胞表达RANK蛋白,RANKL诱导BT-474细胞迁移能力增强。应用RANKL的圈套受体OPG可阻断RANKL诱导的细胞迁移。RANKL刺激后BT-474细胞p-Src表达升高,应用c-Src激酶抑制剂PP2可显著抑制RANKL诱导的细胞迁移。结论：c-Src信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT-474细胞迁移。     

ERK信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞迁移

目的：探讨细胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK）信号通路在RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞迁移中的作用.方法：流式细胞术检测MDA-MB-231细胞表面RANK蛋白的表达;western-blot检测RANKL刺激后磷酸化ERK（P-ERK）及ERK的表达;Transwell法测定RANKL刺激后细胞迁移能力的改变.结果：MDA-MB-231细胞表达RANK蛋白,RANKL诱导MDA-MB-231细胞迁移能力增强.RANKL刺激后MDA-MB-231细胞P-ERK表达升高,PD98059抑制RANKL诱导的细胞迁移.结论：ERK信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞迁移.     

c-Src参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT-474细胞迁移的机制研究

目的:核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)/核因子κB受体活化因子(RANK)通路在肿瘤骨定向性迁移中发挥重要的作用,但具体信号传导机制尚不清楚。本文探讨非受体酪氨酸激酶c-Src在RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT474细胞迁移中的作用。方法:Western blot检测BT-474细胞表面受体RANK蛋白的表达及RANKL刺激后细胞p-Src及c-Src的表达;Transwell法测定细胞迁移能力。采用SPSS 16.0统计学软件分析实验数据。结果:BT-474细胞表达RANK蛋白,RANKL诱导BT-474细胞迁移能力增强。应用RANKL的圈套受体OPG可阻断RANKL诱导的细胞迁移。RANKL刺激后BT-474细胞p-Src表达升高,应用c-Src激酶抑制剂PP2可显著抑制RANKL诱导的细胞迁移。结论:c-Src信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT-474细胞迁移。     

ERK信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞迁移

目的:探讨细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)信号通路在RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞迁移中的作用.方法:流式细胞术检测MDA-MB-231细胞表面RANK蛋白的表达;western-blot检测RANKL刺激后磷酸化ERK(P-ERK)及ERK的表达;Transwell法测定RANKL刺激后细胞迁移能力的改变.结果:MDA-MB-231细胞表达RANK蛋白,RANKL诱导MDA-MB-231细胞迁移能力增强.RANKL刺激后MDA-MB-231细胞P-ERK表达升高,PD98059抑制RANKL诱导的细胞迁移.结论:ERK信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌细胞迁移.     

RANKL诱导乳腺癌BT-474细胞迁移机制的探讨

目的:探讨细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)信号通路在核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)诱导的乳腺癌细胞BT474迁移中的作用.方法:流式细胞术及蛋白质印迹法检测BT474细胞表面RANK蛋白的表达;蛋白质印迹法检测RANKL刺激后细胞磷酸化ERK(p-ERK)及ERK的表达;Transwell法测定RANKL刺激后BT-474细胞迁移能力的改变.结果:BT-474细胞表面表达RANK蛋白,RANKL诱导BT-474细胞迁移能力增强,应用RANKL的圈套受体OPG可阻断RANKL诱导的细胞迁移,迁移增加率分别为(73.67±7.57)％和(9.67±3.06)％,P=0.001 5.BT-474细胞的P-ERK水平在RANKL刺激30 min后明显升高,应用MEK/ERK通路抑制剂PD98059可显著抑制RANKL诱导的细胞迁移.RANKL迁移增加率为(72.50±6.61)％,RANKL+PD98059迁移增加率为(15.00±2.16)％,P=0.0001.结论:ERK1/2信号通路参与RANKL诱导的乳腺癌BT-474细胞迁移.     

贝母素乙通过调控PI3K/Akt信号通路诱导乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡

目的：探究贝母素乙（Peiminine）对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响及其可能作用机制。方法：采用不同浓度贝母素乙或联合PI3K抑制剂LY294002干预MCF-7细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖能力;Hoechst33258染色和Annexin V-FITC/PI流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况;JC-1染色法检测细胞线粒体膜电位变化;Western blotting检测细胞中PI3K(p110α)、Akt、p-Akt(ser473)、Bad、Bax、Bcl-2、cleaved-Caspase-3以及线粒体和胞浆中细胞色素C(Cyt C)等蛋白表达水平。结果：贝母素乙可呈时间-浓度依赖性抑制MCF-7细胞增殖,诱导细胞出现凋亡形态改变,促进细胞凋亡,并降低线粒体膜电位,上调细胞中Bad、Bax、cleaved-Caspase-3及胞浆中Cyt C蛋白表达水平,下调PI3K(p110α)、p-Akt、Bcl-2和线粒体中Cyt C蛋白表达水平,而Akt蛋白表达水平无显著变化。然而,联合LY294002干预可增强贝母素乙对MCF-7细胞凋亡的促进作用。结论：贝母素乙可诱导乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋...     

抑制Notch和PI3K/Akt信号通路对食管腺癌细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移的影响

目的 探讨Notch和PI3K/Akt两条信号通路对人食管腺癌细胞OE33增殖、侵袭及迁移能力的影响及两条信号通路之间的联系。方法 应用Notch信号通路阻滞剂DAPT和PI3K/Akt信号通路阻滞剂LY294002分别单独和联合处理OE33细胞,设置对照组;Western blot和实时定量PCR法检测OE33细胞中NICD、Hes1、p-Akt、PTEN蛋白和mRNA的表达变化;CCK-8法检测细胞的增殖抑制率;划痕实验用于检测细胞迁移能力的变化;Transwell细胞侵袭实验用于检测细胞的侵袭能力变化。结果 Notch1通路阻滞剂DAPT能减低Notch1通路相关蛋白NICD和Hes1的表达,并能提高p-Akt蛋白的表达;PI3K/Akt路阻滞剂LY294002不仅使p-Akt的蛋白表达水平减低,还能降低Hes1的蛋白表达水平,同时使NICD的蛋白和Hes1的mRNA表达水平增高。DAPT和LY294002联合处理组的NICD、Hes1、p-Akt的蛋白表达均较空白对照组和单药处理组降低,同时细胞的增殖、迁移和转移能力亦明显减弱。各处理组中PTEN的蛋白和mRNA表达水平较对照组均有一定程度的升高。结论 Notch和PI3K/Akt两条信号通路在食管腺癌细胞OE33中可能存在串话, 同时抑制这两种信号通路能有效的抑制OE33的增殖、侵袭及迁移。     

银杏内酯B通过阻抑PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路抑制胃癌HGC-27 细胞的恶性生物学行为

目的：探讨银杏内酯B（GKB）是否通过阻抑PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路抑制胃癌HGC-27细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移及侵袭。方法：将HGC-27细胞分为对照、GKB低剂量（100 mg/L）、GKB高剂量（200 mg/L）、GKB高剂量（200 mg/L）+740Y-P（PI3K激活剂）、Ly294002（PI3K抑制剂）组。采用MTT、Edu、FCM、Transwell实验分别检测各组细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭能力,qPCR和WB法分别检测各组细胞中PI3K mRNA、Akt mRNA、mTOR mRNA和Ki-67、caspase-3、p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白的表达。构建胃癌HGC-27细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察GKB对移植瘤生长的影响,WB法检测移植瘤组织中Ki-67、caspase-3、p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白的表达。结果：体外实验结果表明,与对照组相比,GKB低剂量组、GKB高剂量组、Ly294002组HGC-27细胞的增殖活力及细胞增殖率、迁移和侵袭细胞数,PI3K、Akt、mTOR mRNA表达,以及Ki-67、p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白表达均显著降低（均P<0.05）;细胞凋亡率、caspase-3蛋白表达均显著升高（均P<0.05）;740Y-P可部分逆转GKB对HGC-27细胞的抑制作用（均P<0.05）。荷瘤裸鼠实验结果显示,GKB可显著抑制HGC-27细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长（P<0.05）,且可下调PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路相关蛋白的表达。结论：GKB可通过阻抑PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路而抑制胃癌HGC-27细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭并促进其凋亡。     

阻断PI3K/Akt信号通路对低氧微环境中BCSCs微球体细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨LY294002特异性阻断磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)/Akt信号通路对低氧条件下乳腺癌干细胞(breast cancer stem cells,BCSCs)微球体细胞增殖的影响。方法:通过无血清悬浮培养技术从人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞中筛选BCSCs微球体,应用免疫荧光染色检测BCSCs相关标志物CD44及CD133的表达,MTT法检测不同浓度LY294002处理后BCSCs微球体细胞的增殖情况,RT-PCR法检测BCSCs微球体细胞中缺氧诱导因子-2α(hypoxia inducible factor-2α,HIF-2α)mRNA的表达,蛋白质印迹法检测BCSCs微球体细胞中HIF-2α、PI3K和磷酸化Akt(phospho-Akt,p-Akt)蛋白的表达。结果:筛选获得的微球体细胞高表达BCSCs相关标志物CD44和CD133。LY294002能有效抑制低氧条件下BCSCs微球体细胞的增殖,抑制效应在药物作用后72～96h最为明显(P<0.05)。与低氧组比较,低氧+LY294002组微球体细胞中HIF-2αmRNA及PI3K、p-Akt和HIF-2α蛋白表达水平均明显下调,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:LY294002通过特异性阻断PI3K/Akt信号通路而有效抑制低氧条件下BCSCs微球体细胞的体外增殖能力。     

RANKL-induced migration of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells via Src and MAPK activation

Accumulating studies have shown that the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)/RANK pathway plays an important role in tumor metastasis. However, the involvement of the RANKL/RANK signal transduction pathway in breast cancer metastasis remains unclear. The present study, therefore, investigated the role of downstream molecules of RANKL/RANK signaling in breast cancer cells using Transwell chemotaxis assays. RANKL was shown to direct the migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Osteoprotegerin (OPG; soluble decoy receptor of RANKL) inhibited RANKL-induced migration. RANKL activated Src kinase in MDA-MB-231 cells, as shown by Western blotting, and pretreatment with a Src inhibitor abrogated RANKL-induced cell migration, in a similar manner to OPG. Short-hairpin RNA against RANK, delivered via a lentiviral vector, significantly abolished the expression of phosphorylated Src. Stimulation by RANKL induced the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (ERK, p38, JNK), and specific inhibitors of MAPKs blocked RANKL-induced cell migration. Furthermore, the expression of phosphorylated MAPKs could be blocked by a Src inhibitor and by small interfering RNA against Src. These findings suggest that Src and MAPK pathways may be involved in RANKL-induced MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell migration.     

The E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b improves the prognosis of RANK positive breast cancer patients by inhibiting RANKL-induced cell migration and metastasis

The receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)/RANK pathway plays an important role in breast cancer progression. Despite the known role of Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl)-b as an essential regulator of the RANKL/RANK pathway, its effect on RANK pathway in breast cancer remains unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of Cbl-b on the prognosis of RANK-expressing breast cancer patients, as well as on RANKL/RANK pathway. The results showed that RANK and Cbl-b expression was separately detected in 154 (154/300, 51.3%) and 165 (165/300, 55.0%) breast cancer tissue samples. In RANK-expressing breast cancer patients, Cbl-b expression was correlated with low metastasis rate (p = 0.004), better disease-free survival (DFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (p = 0.004 and p = 0.036, respectively). In addition, multivariate analysis showed that Cbl-b expression was an independent predictor of DFS (p = 0.038). Animal experiment results demonstrated that silencing Cbl-b expression in breast cancer cells increased the incidence of lung metastasis in nude mice. Further mechanism investigation revealed that Cbl-b down-regulated RANK protein expression and inhibited RANKL-induced breast cancer cell migration by negatively regulating the Src-Akt/ERK pathway. Our results suggest that Cbl-b improves the prognosis of RANK-expressing breast cancer patients by inhibiting RANKL-induced breast cancer cell migration and metastasis.     

The inhibition of RANKL/RANK signaling by osteoprotegerin suppresses bone invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are malignant tumors that frequently invade the maxilla and mandibular bone. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying bone invasion by OSCC are unclear. Recent studies showed that receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) was expressed not only in osteoclast precursors but also in tumor cells. Therefore, we examined whether RANK ligand (RANKL)/RANK signaling regulates bone invasion by OSCC cells in vivo and in vitro. We first injected human OSCC B88 cells into the masseter region of nude mice. Mice were treated for 3 weeks with osteoprotegerin (OPG), the decoy receptor for RANKL. Treatment with OPG decreased bone invasion by B88 cells, reduced the number of osteoclasts and increased B88 cell apoptosis. However, OPG did not affect apoptosis and proliferation in B88 cells in vitro, suggesting that the effects of OPG on apoptosis in B88 cells are restricted in a bone environment. RANK was expressed in the B88 cells and in OSCC cells from patients. RANKL induced NF-κB activation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in B88 cells and enhanced B88 cell migration in a modified chemotaxis chamber equipped with a gelatin-coated filter. OPG inhibited RANKL-induced NF-κB activation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and cell migration. Our data clearly indicate that RANKL/RANK inhibition suppresses bone invasion by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and cancer cell migration and by inducing apoptosis of cancer cells via indirect anticancer action in vivo.     

VES对MDA-MB-453细胞PI3K/Akt信号通路的影响

目的：检测维生素E琥珀酸酯（vitamin E succinate,VES）对MDA-MB-453乳腺癌细胞PI3K/Akt信号通路中PI3K及Akt表达的影响。方法：不同浓度VES作用于人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-453（Her-2过表达株）24h和48h,VES的浓度分别为5、10和20μg/ml。RT-PCR法检测VES作用前后PI3K及Akt的mR-NA表达变化。结果：VES对MDA-MB-453乳腺癌细胞PI3 K/Akt信号通路中PI3 K有抑制作用（P〈0.05）,并呈时间-剂量依赖关系;而对Akt无明显的抑制作用（P〉0.05）。结论：VES可能是通过作用于PI3K/Akt信号通路而发挥其对MDA-MB-453乳腺癌细胞的抑制及凋亡作用。