阳性家族史对精神分裂症患者脑脊液中色氨酸、酪氨酸及其比值的影响

阳性家族史对精神分裂症患者脑脊液中色氨酸、酪氨酸及其比值的影响金卫东，余勤，臧德馨，唐珞珈精神分裂症家族史的研究表明，它是一个重要参数，对精神分裂症的精神病理学产生重要影响［１，２］。进一步的研究表明它将对某些生物学基础，特别是与精神病理现象有关的中...     

精神分裂症与儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因多态性

分子遗传学的发展促进了精神分裂症的分子病因学研究。COMT作为多巴胺的主要代谢酶,在精神分裂症分子遗传学研究中具有重要地位。本文综述了精神分裂症的攻击行为、自杀、认知功能症状等与COMT基因的关系。     

精神分裂症遗传学研究的探讨

精神分裂症是各类精神病中最多的一种,其患病率有升高的趋势。据世界卫生组织估计,全世界有精神分裂症病人达二亿人,严重的约有四千万,且绝大多数患病于中青年,足可见其危害性与严重性。但其病因不明,据遗传学的研究,目前认为遗传因素对精神分裂症病人有重要的影响。①因为据血缘和双生研究精神分裂症的发病率,随着与本病先证者血缘关系的相近而增高。     

肠道微生物在精神分裂症中的研究进展

精神分裂症是一种严重的神经精神类疾病,但病因目前尚不明确。最近研究表明,精神分裂症与全身免疫系统的改变和肠道菌群参与免疫反应有关,肠道微生物菌群组成和数量的变化会通过肠道菌群-肠-脑轴影响人类的认知和社会行为,这意味着肠道菌群在精神分裂症患者中可能起着重要的作用,并有望成为精神分裂症新的治疗靶点。本文综述了肠道菌群与精神分裂症相关性研究进展,这为预防和治疗精神分裂症等精神障碍类疾病的研究发展提供了新的思路。     

精神分裂症与儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因多态性

分子遗传学的发展促进了精神分裂症的分子病因学研究。COMT作为多巴胺的主要代谢酶，在精神分裂症分子遗传学研究中具有重要地位。本文综述了精神分裂症的攻击行为、自杀、认知功能症状等与COMT基因的关系。     

利培酮和氯氮平对儿童精神分裂症患者血清IL-6的影响

近年来越来越多的研究表明细胞因子在精神分裂症中起重要作用，但对儿童精神分裂症细胞因子的研究较少。本研究动态观察了儿童首发精神分裂患者在氯氮平和利培酮治疗前及治疗后4、8周和6月末血清IL-6水平变化。     

精神分裂症和细胞因子关联性的研究进展

通过对精神分裂症患者的调查研究发现,这些患者多存在免疫功能异常。本文旨在通过综述精神分裂症与细胞因子之间的关联性,促进精神分裂症发病机理的研究。     

精神分裂症患者病耻感在国内的研究进展

病耻感影响精神分裂症患者的康复,阻碍患者顺利融入社会生活,国内学者对病耻感研究起步较晚,但是随着我国社会的不断开放和进步,近来对病耻感的研究逐渐成为了热点,也产生了很多重要的研究成果,本文对近年来国内的一系列精神分裂症病耻感的研究做一梳理。     

精神分裂症患者的5—HT2a受体基因及其与氯氮平疗效的关系

精神分裂症的遗传倾向提示其部分病因是在基因上，而５－ＨＴ系统异常假说又是继多巴胺假说之后另一解释精神分裂症病因机制的主要生化假说，这两方面提示精神分裂症与５－ＨＴ受体基因可能存在重要的联系。本对近年有关精神分裂症及氯氮平疗效与５－ＨＴ２ａ受体基因之间关系的研究作一综述。     

精神分裂症患者的5-HT2a受体基因及其与氯氮平疗效的关系

精神分裂症的遗传倾向提示其部分病因是在基因上，而５ＨＴ系统异常假说又是继多巴胺假说之后另一解释精神分裂症病因机制的主要生化假说，这两方面提示精神分裂症与５ＨＴ受体基因可能存在重要的联系。本文对近年有关精神分裂症及氯氮平疗效与５ＨＴ２ａ受体基因之间关系的研究作一综述。     

精神分裂症患者配偶心理健康状况调查与心理干预

目的探讨精神分裂症患者配偶的心理状况及心理干预效果。方法对100例精神分裂症患者配偶采用症状自评量表（SCL—90）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行测评,并根据测评结果,针对存在的心理问题给予干预。结果精神分裂症患者配偶SCL—90（除强迫、偏执外t=2.08~7.59,P〈0.05或0.01）;SAS、SDS评分也明显高于国内常模（t=6.51和5.89,P〈0.01）,存在明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪,经心理干预后评分也随之下降。结论精神分裂症患者配偶存在不同程度的心理问题,心理干预能够提高他们的心理承受能力,减轻心理应激反应。     

Expression of DISC1 binding partners is reduced in schizophrenia and associated with DISC1 SNPs

DISC1 has been identified as a schizophrenia susceptibility gene based on linkage and SNP association studies and clinical data suggesting that risk SNPs impact on hippocampal structure and function. In cell and animal models, C-terminus-truncated DISC1 disrupts intracellular transport, neural architecture and migration, perhaps because it fails to interact with binding partners involved in neuronal differentiation such as fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 (FEZ1), platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform Ib, PAFAH1B1 or lissencephaly 1 protein (LIS1) and nuclear distribution element-like (NUDEL). We hypothesized that altered expression of DISC1 and/or its molecular partners may underlie its pathogenic role in schizophrenia and explain its genetic association. We examined the expression of DISC1 and these selected binding partners as well as reelin, a protein in a related signaling pathway, in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of postmortem human brain patients with schizophrenia and controls. We found no difference in the expression of DISC1 or reelin mRNA in schizophrenia and no association with previously identified risk DISC1 SNPs. However, the expression of NUDEL, FEZ1 and LIS1 was each significantly reduced in the brain tissue from patients with schizophrenia and expression of each showed association with high-risk DISC1 polymorphisms. Although, many other DISC1 binding partners still need to be investigated, these data implicate genetically linked abnormalities in the DISC1 molecular pathway in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.     

Identifying mechanisms of treatment effects and recovery in rehabilitation of schizophrenia: longitudinal analytic methods

The longitudinal dimension of schizophrenia and related severe mental illness is a key component of theoretical models of recovery. However, empirical longitudinal investigations have been underrepresented in the psychopathology of schizophrenia. Similarly, traditional approaches to longitudinal analysis of psychopathological data have had serious limitations. The utilization of modern longitudinal methods is necessary to capture the complexity of biopsychosocial models of treatment and recovery in schizophrenia. The present paper summarizes empirical data from traditional longitudinal research investigating recovery in symptoms, neurocognition, and social functioning. Studies conducted under treatment as usual conditions are compared to psychosocial intervention studies and potential treatment mechanisms of psychosocial interventions are discussed. Investigations of rehabilitation for schizophrenia using the longitudinal analytic strategies of growth curve and time series analysis are demonstrated. The respective advantages and disadvantages of these modern methods are highlighted. Their potential use for future research of treatment effects and recovery in schizophrenia is also discussed.     

116名精神分裂症配偶心理健康教育干预研究

目的 探索精神分裂症患者家属心理健康教育的有效途径和方式.方法 对116精神分裂症患者配偶进行了为期3个月的心理健康教育干预研究,实验前后采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和简易应对方式问卷(SQCQ)进行测查,并进行实验效果反馈调查.结果 经过实验后患者配偶除精神病性外的SCL-90各因子得分显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),积极应对分子得分显著升高(P＜0.01),消极因子得分显著降低(P＜0.01),反馈结果显示,90%以上参加实验的配偶对心理干预持肯定和欢迎的态度.结论 本研究构建的心理健康教育干预模式有助于提高精神分裂症患者家属的心理健康水平.     

No evidence that common genetic risk variation is shared between schizophrenia and autism

The similarity between aspects of the clinical presentation of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) suggests that elements of the biological etiology may also be shared between these two disorders. Recently, an increasing number of rare, mostly structural genetic variants are reported to increase the risk of both schizophrenia and ASD. We hypothesized that given this evidence for a shared genetic background based on rare genetic variants, common risk alleles may also be shared between ASD and schizophrenia. To test this hypothesis, the polygenic score, which summarizes the collective effect of a large number of common risk alleles, was used. We examined whether the polygenic score derived from a schizophrenia case–control dataset, previously reported by Purcell et al., was able to differentiate ASD cases from controls. The results demonstrate that the schizophrenia‐derived polygenic score is not different between ASD cases and controls, indicating that there is no important sharing of common risk alleles between the two neuropsychiatric disorders. Possibly, common risk alleles are less important in ASD in comparison to their more prominent role in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. These findings provide important novel insights into shared and distinct elements of the genetic architecture of autism and schizophrenia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A型核纤层蛋白——多种结合蛋白共同的"脚手架"

A型核纤层蛋白是核纤层的组成成分，由LMNA基因编码，是核内许多蛋白分子的共同锚着物,A型核纤层蛋白及其结合蛋白的基因突变会导致一系列组织特异性疾病，称为核纤层疾病（laminopathies）。为深入了解A型核纤层蛋白复合体的功能，探索核纤层疾病的发病机制，有必要重新审视其相应的结合蛋白。本文总结了目前所发现的A－型核纤层蛋白的结合伙伴，将其分为四组:建筑伙伴、染色质伙伴、基因调节伙伴和信号传递伙伴。并概述了它们的特点及其在体内依赖于核纤层蛋白的功能通路。基于现有知识推测由许多成分组成的核纤层相关复合体与核结构，信号转导和基因调节有关。探究这些想法会加深我们对核功能及其相关疾病的理解。     

精神分裂症记忆障碍研究进展

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的记忆障碍的现状及其病因,并介绍了某些记忆测验,为精神分裂症的研究和治疗提供科学依据。方法以最近10年国外有关精神分裂症研究的成果为基础,采用文献研究法分析总结了40余篇有关的研究成果。结果精神分裂症的记忆障碍涉及工作记忆、情节记忆、言语记忆、视觉记忆、空间记忆等等。神经生理方面的ERPs及神经影像学方面的fMRI显示精神分裂症存在记忆损伤。结论精神分裂症患者存在记忆障碍。     

基于MRI的精神分裂症阴性症状脑影像研究进展

慢性精神分裂症患者临床表现上常以阴性症状为主,也是精神残疾的主要因素,极大影响了患者的生存质量.迄今为止,阴性症状产生神经机制仍然不明晰,导致其难以被有效控制.对近年来阴性症状相关脑影像研究进行综述,包括以丘脑和纹状体为主的皮层下区域的受损与精神分裂症的发生,皮层下-皮层回路异常与精神分裂症阴性症状等.对拓扑连接这一新...