我国腹型肥胖患病率较高

上海交通大学附属第六人民医院贾伟平教授等开展的一项研究显示,我国成年人中超重和肥胖患病率均较高,腹型肥胖更显著. 该全国性横断面研究纳入46 239例成年受试者,其中男性的平均BMI和腰围分别为24.0 kg/m2和83.5cm,女性中则分别为23.4 kg/m2和78.0cm.男性中超重和肥胖患病率分别为30.8％和6.0％,女性中则分别为24.9％ 和 4.9％.     

腹型肥胖对超重／肥胖成年男性血管内皮功能的影响

超重和肥胖与血管内皮扩张功能及纤溶功能受损有关。近期有数据显示,体脂分布可能是肥胖者血管内皮功能的重要影响因素。伴腹型肥胖的超重／肥胖成人内皮血管扩张及纤溶功能较不伴腹型肥胖的超重／肥胖成人差。     

中国2型糖尿病合并肥胖综合管理专家共识

正随着生活方式的改变及人口老龄化的加速,2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)和肥胖的患病率呈快速上升趋势,并且已经成为全球性公共卫生问题。2010年中国糖尿病流行病学调查[以糖化血红蛋白(hemoglobin A1c,HbA 1c)≥6.5%作为诊断标准之一]数据显示,中国成人糖尿病患病率高达11.6%,糖尿病患者人数居全球首位。肥胖和T2DM关系密切,中国超重与肥胖人群的糖尿病患病率分别为12.8%和18.5%;而在糖尿病患者中超重比例为41%、肥胖比例为24.3%、腹型肥胖[腰     

中国2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者的综合防控

中国的2型糖尿病患者肥胖(尤其是腹型肥胖)现状堪忧,2型糖尿病与肥胖互为因果,相互影响,己成为日益严重的公共卫生问题。2021年6月,华中科技大学潘安教授研究团队在《Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology》以封面文章形式发表的Obesity in China的肥胖流行病学数据显示,中国超重、肥胖的患病率超过50%。     

内脏脂肪组织与冠心病的研究进展

<正>随着社会的进步,人们的生活方式和饮食习惯逐渐改变,导致我国超重/肥胖的患病率逐年增长。从1993年至2009年,成年人超重/肥胖的患病率从13.4%增长至26.4%;其中腹型肥胖的患病率从18.6%增长至37.4%,平均年增长率1.1%,显著高于整体超重/肥胖的增长速度~([1])。"中国肥胖调查"阶段研究结果显示,2015年我国肥胖患病     

新诊断2型糖尿病患者尿酸排泄与肥胖及腹型肥胖相关性的研究

目的 探讨新诊断T2DM患者尿酸排泄(UUAE)与肥胖及腹型肥胖的相关性。方法 选取2006年1月至2012年12月于上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院内分泌代谢科住院治疗的新诊断T2DM患者1175例,根据UUAE四分位数分为Q1组(UUAE<2383μmol/24 h,n=295)、Q2组(2383≤UUAE<2953μmol/24 h,n=292)、Q3组(2954≤UUAE<3680μmol/24 h,n=295)、Q4组(UUAE>3680μmol/24 h,n=293)。收集各组临床资料,分析各组肥胖和腹型肥胖患病率及UUAE与肥胖和腹型肥胖的相关性。结果 肥胖总患病率为47.9%,腹型肥胖总患病率为61.9%,校正年龄后,腹型肥胖患病率女性高于男性(P<0.05)。校正年龄和性别后,Q4组肥胖患病率、MS患病率高于Q1、Q2、Q3组(P<0.05),腹型肥胖患病率高于Q1、Q2组(P<0.05)。与Q1组比较,Q4组男性比例、BMI、WC、DBP、FIns、2 hIns、胰岛素抵抗指数、TG、谷丙转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、血尿酸、...     

山东沿海超重和肥胖流行病学特征的5年变迁

目的 了解2009年山东沿海地区20岁以上人群超重和肥胖的流行病学特征及其相关因素,并与2004年调研结果相比较,探讨其5年来的变迁.方法 采用随机、分层、整群抽样方法,人户调查青岛、烟台、威海、日照、东营常住居民5060人超重和肥胖的流行病学情况.结果 2009年超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖的标化率分别为33.5％、16.1％和40.0％,较2004年分别增加0.6％(P＜0.05)、2.9％(P＜0.01)和6.8％(P＜0.05);其中男性超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖的标化率分别为37.9％、17.1％和44.6％,较2004年分别增加3.7％(P ＜0.01)、3.7％(P＜0.01)和10.2％(P＜0.01);2009年女性腹型肥胖患病率为38.6％,较2004年增加6.6％(P＜0.01).此外,肥胖患病率随年龄增长而升高,50 ～ 69岁达高峰,70岁以后有所下降.男性肥胖呈现明显年轻化趋势,绝经后女性肥胖患病率明显升高.2009年各组的平均年龄、体重指数、腰围、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、血糖、血尿酸水平均较2004年有所升高(P＜0.01).Logistic回归分析显示年龄、高血压、血脂紊乱、高尿酸血症、高血糖水平为肥胖的正相关因素,吸烟为负相关因素.肉类摄入量与男性肥胖有关,主食摄入量与女性肥胖密切相关.结论 与2004年相比,2009年超重和肥胖患病率明显升高,中青年男性及绝经后女性尤为显著,应作为未来肥胖防治的重点;增龄、高血压、高血糖、高尿酸、血脂紊乱及饮食结构不合理与肥胖的发生密切相关.虽吸烟可减轻体重,但不主张通过吸烟控制体重.     

广东省2型糖尿病超重及肥胖患者心血管危险因素现况与控制现状的调查

目的探讨广东省T2DM超重及肥胖患者心血管危险因素的现况与控制现状。方法 2011年8月至2012年3月,对广东省各地区二级以上医院门诊就诊及住院的已确诊T2DM超重及肥胖患者3056例行横断面调查。结果腹型肥胖、高血压、血脂异常及MS的患病率分别为84.8%、66.5%、87.8%和86.0%,肥胖患者患病率高于超重患者(P0.05)。FPG和HbA1c控制达标率分别为40.6%和25.7%,BP控制达标率为23.9%,TG、LDL-C和HDL-C控制达标率分别为44.2%、31.9%和41.9%。超重患者较肥胖患者BP及TG达标率升高(P0.05);超重和肥胖患者的FPG、HbA1c、HDL-C及LDL-C达标率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论广东省T2DM超重及肥胖患者中MS、高血压、腹型肥胖及血脂异常等心血管危险因素的患病率高,血糖、BP及血脂的控制达标率低,迫切需要采取积极措施控制心血管危险因素。     

社区人群腹型肥胖与高血压关系调查

目的探讨伴有腰围/身高比超标的腹型肥胖与高血压的相关性及危险程度。方法采用整群抽样方法,对542名年龄35岁以上社区居民进行问卷调查、现场体检和实验室检查。结果 (1)年龄、体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)与高血压患病率相关。(2)WC与高血压患病率的相关性高于BMI。(3)在腹型肥胖的高血压患者中WC与腰围/身高比(WHtR)的关系最密切。结论肥胖是高血压患病的主要危险因素之一,腹型肥胖者患高血压的比例更高,WC和WHtR均可作为评估腹型肥胖的指标,控制体重减少腹型肥胖对预防高血压具有重要的意义。     

中国成人肥胖患病率的地理变化

<正>Ann Intern Med最近在线发表的《中国成人肥胖患病率的地理变化:2013—2014年国家慢性病和危险因素监测结果》一文称,2004—2014年间中国成人全身性肥胖患病率升高了约90%,腹型肥胖患病率升高了50%以上。使用中国的标准,即以体质指数(BMI)≥28 kg/m~2为全身性肥胖,以男性腰围≥90 cm、女性腰围≥85 cm为腹型肥胖时,该论文结果显示,     

Prevalence and secular changes in abdominal obesity in Canadian adolescents and adults, 1981 to 2007–2009

The purposes of this study were to: (i) provide contemporary estimates of the prevalence of abdominal obesity, as assessed by waist circumference (WC), in Canadian adolescents and adults; (ii) provide estimates of the prevalence of abdominal obesity within normal weight, overweight and obese body mass index categories and (iii) examine secular changes in abdominal obesity. Data were based on three national health surveys conducted in 1981, 1988 and 2007–2009. WC was measured at the mid‐point between the last rib and iliac crest in all three surveys. The prevalence of Canadians with abdominal obesity increased with age and was higher in females than in males. In 12‐ to 19‐year‐old adolescents, the estimated prevalence of abdominal obesity was 1.8% in 1981, 2.4% in 1988 and 12.8% in 2007–2009. The corresponding values for 20‐ to 69‐year‐old adults were 11.4%, 14.2% and 35.6%. Between 1981 and 2007–2009, mean WC values increased by 4.2 cm in adolescent males, 6.7 cm in adolescent females, 6.5 cm in men and 10.6 cm in women. Within the 2007–2009 survey, 2.6% of normal weight adults had abdominal obesity, 35.3% of overweight adults had abdominal obesity and 93.0% of obese adults had abdominal obesity.     

Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993-2009

The objective of this study is to examine the trends in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and prevalence of overweight (BMI 25-27.49 kg m(-2) ), general obesity (BMI ≥ 27.5 kg m(-2) ) and abdominal obesity (WC ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women) among Chinese adults from 1993 to 2009. Data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, which was conducted from 1993 to 2009 and included a total of 52,621 Chinese adults. During the period of 1993-2009, mean BMI values increased by 1.6 kg m(-2) among men and 0.8 kg m(-2) among women; mean WC values increased by 7.0 cm among men and 4.7 cm among women. The prevalence of overweight increased from 8.0 to 17.1% among men (P < 0.001) and from 10.7 to 14.4% among women (P < 0.001); the prevalence of general obesity increased from 2.9 to 11.4% among men (P < 0.001) and from 5.0 to 10.1% among women (P < 0.001); the prevalence of abdominal obesity increased from 8.5 to 27.8% among men (P < 0.001) and from 27.8 to 45.9% among women (P < 0.001). Similar significant trends were observed in nearly all age groups and regions for both men and women. The prevalence of overweight, general obesity and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults has increased greatly during the past 17 years.     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Sri Lankan adults

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity, and the underlying socio‐demographic correlates among Sri Lankan adults. Data were from 4532 adults aged ≥18 years randomly selected for a national level study on diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured and body mass index (BMI) calculated. The mean (95% confidence interval) BMI and WC were 21.1 kg m^?2 (20.9–21.3), 22.3 kg m^?2 (22.1–22.4) and 78.0 cm (77.5–78.6) and 77.5 cm (77.0–78.0) for males and females, respectively. According to the proposed World Health Organization cut‐off values for Asians, the percentage of Sri Lankan adults in the overweight, obese and centrally obese categories were 25.2%, 9.2% and 26.2%, respectively. Based on the cut‐offs for Caucasians, these were 16.8%, 3.7% and 10.8%. Our findings were compatible with prevalence of obesity in regional countries. In addition, female sex, urban living, higher education, higher income and being in the middle age were shown to be associated with overweight and obesity in Sri Lankans. In conclusion, we have documented a relatively high prevalence of overweight and obesity, particularly, abdominal obesity among adults in Sri Lanka which is a middle‐income country. Urgent public health interventions are needed to control the problem at an early stage.     

Modelling obesity outcomes: reducing obesity risk in adulthood may have greater impact than reducing obesity prevalence in childhood

A common policy response to the rise in obesity prevalence is to undertake interventions in childhood, but it is an open question whether this is more effective than reducing the risk of becoming obese during adulthood. In this paper, we model the effect on health outcomes of (i) reducing the prevalence of obesity when entering adulthood; (ii) reducing the risk of becoming obese throughout adult life; and (iii) combinations of both approaches. We found that, while all approaches reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases and improve life expectancy, a given percentage reduction in obesity prevalence achieved during childhood had a smaller effect than the same percentage reduction in the risk of becoming obese applied throughout adulthood. A small increase in the probability of becoming obese during adulthood offsets a substantial reduction in prevalence of overweight/obesity achieved during childhood, with the gains from a 50% reduction in child obesity prevalence offset by a 10% increase in the probability of becoming obese in adulthood. We conclude that both policy approaches can improve the health profile throughout the life course of a cohort, but they are not equivalent, and a large reduction in child obesity prevalence may be reversed by a small increase in the risk of becoming overweight or obese in adulthood.     

Prevalence of obesity in Dakar

The present study is to our knowledge the first to evaluate the prevalence of obesity among both men and women in Dakar. It was carried out on a sample of 600 dwellers of the Senegalese capital. The prevalence of general obesity is 8.3%, and that of overweight is 22.3%. The underweight rate remains high, given that 12.3% of the adults in this sample show a body mass index (BMI) of <18.5 kg/m². The prevalence of central obesity is 41.2% according to waist to hip ratio (WHR), and 21.2% according to waist circumference (WC). These figures mask considerable differences between men and women and between generations. For instance, women are often more obese than men, whether it is a question of general obesity (13% and 3.9% respectively) or central obesity (37.5% and 5.5% by WC respectively). Moreover, prevalence of general and central obesity rise drastically with age, irrespective of gender. Thus, in addition to combating infectious disease and undernutrition, Senegal must now face problems associated with overweight and obesity.     

Alarmingly high prevalence of obesity in haemophilia in the state of Mississippi

Summary. The state of Mississippi has consistently been ranked as the state with most number of obese people in the United States with prevalence rates of >30%. Our aims in this study were to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults diagnosed with haemophilia in Mississippi, and to assess whether race/ethnicity and the severity of haemophilia are important risk factors. A retrospective chart review was performed for all haemophilic patients seen at the Mississippi Hemophilia Treatment Center. Patients were classified into two major age groups: age 2–19.9 years and ≥20 years. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from the height and weight in kg m^?2 from the last clinic visit. Out of a total of 132 haemophilic patients, 61% were white and 37% were African American. Overall, 51% of the haemophilic patients were either obese or overweight. The prevalence of obesity in the adult (≥20 years old) haemophilic patients was 36% and an additional 32% were overweight. A significantly greater proportion of patients >20 years old were overweight or obese as compared with the patients in the 2–19.9 year age range (P < 0.002). However, race/ethnicity and severity of haemophilia were not significant risk factors for overweight and obesity. There is a very high prevalence of obesity in the Mississippi haemophilic population, especially in adults. Particular attention at clinic visits should be paid to the BMI in order to identify patients that are overweight or obese to allow for early and appropriate intervention.     

The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia–Pacific region

The rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg m⁻²) is, in part, a negative consequence of the increasing economic developments of many lower‐ and middle‐income countries in the Asia–Pacific region. To date, there has been no systematic quantification of the scale of the problem in countries of this region. From the most recent nationally representative estimates for the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 14 countries of the region, it is apparent that overweight and obesity is endemic in much of the region, prevalence ranging from less than 5% in India to 60% in Australia. Moreover, although the prevalence in China is a third of that in Australia, the increase in prevalence in China over the last 20 years was 400% compared with 20% in Australia. In addition, across various countries in the region, the population attributable fractions because of overweight and obesity ranged from 0.8% to 9.2% for coronary heart disease mortality, 0.2% to 2.9% for haemorrhagic stroke mortality, and 0.9% to 10.2% for ischaemic stroke mortality. These results indicate that consequences of overweight and obesity for health and the economy of many of these countries are likely to increase in coming years.     

Long‐term changes in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Czech 7‐year‐old children: evaluation of different cut‐off criteria of childhood obesity

The objective of this paper was an evaluation of change in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Czech children, and a comparison of cut‐off points for body mass index references from the Czech Republic (CzR), International Obesity Task Force and WHO. The authors conducted a survey in 7‐year‐old children, and compared data from 1951, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2008 (WHO cut‐offs). 2008 data were evaluated according to different cut‐offs. Results showed that since 1951 in boys, overweight prevalence increased from 13.0% in 1951 to 26.8% in 2001, in girls from 10.9% to 22.9%. Obesity increased in boys from 1.7% to 8.3%, in girls from 1.7% to 6.9%. From 2001 to 2008 obesity in boys increased; obesity in girls and overweight in both genders decreased. In 2008 cohort the following values were found: overweight and obesity: CzR criteria, percentage was lowest (14.8% boys and 11.1% girls); WHO criteria, highest prevalence (23.5% boys and 19.5% girls); obesity: lowest ratio International Obesity Task Force criteria (4.4% boys, 3.3% girls), highest ratio boys WHO criteria (10.0%), girls CzR criteria (5.0%). Overweight and obesity prevalence increased in 7‐year‐old Czech children since 1951; since 2001 prevalence is plateauing with exception of boys. Using different body mass index references resulted in marked differences in overweight and obesity prevalence.     

The risk of overweight and obesity in children with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Multiple studies have suggested that autism spectrum disorders seem to increase the risk of overweight and obesity. We examined the pooled prevalence and relative risk of developing overweight or obesity among children with autism spectrum disorders in a systematic review and meta‐analysis. We searched PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases and subsequently screened the records to identify studies that reported prevalence of overweight and/or obesity in children with ASD and matched groups of neurotypical children. DerSimonian‐Laird random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed to examine pooled prevalence and relative risk of obesity in children with autism spectrum disorders using the “meta” package in R software. Among children with autism spectrum disorders, the prevalence of obesity was 22.2%. Children with ASD had a 41.1% greater risk (P = .018) of development of obesity. Non‐Caucasian race, increasing age, female sex, and living in the United States emerged as positive moderators of the association between autism spectrum disorders and prevalence of overweight or obesity. Autism spectrum disorders seem to increase the risk of childhood obesity. Increased awareness of this association may allow the implementation of early interventions to reduce obesity and prevent potential deterioration of quality‐of‐life in this population.     

Age standardization in mapping adult overweight and obesity trends in the WHO European Region

This study aims to improve comparability of available data within the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region taking into account differences related to the aging of the population. Surveys were included if they were conducted on adults aged 25-64 years between 1985 and 2010 in the WHO European Region. Overweight/obesity prevalences were adjusted to the European standard population aged 25-64. Data were entered for each of the 5-year categories between 1981 and 2010. Measured height and weight data were available for males in 16 and females in 24 of the 53 countries. The 50-64-year-olds had higher prevalence of overweight and obesity as compared to the 25-49-year-olds. This pattern occurs in every country, by male and female, in almost all surveys. Age-standardized overweight prevalence was higher among males than females in all countries. Trend data showed increases in most countries. Age-standardized maps were based on self-reported data because of insufficient availability of measured data. Results showed more countries with available data as well as the higher category of obesity in the later surveys. Measured values are needed and age adjustment is important in documenting emerging overweight and obesity trends, independent of demographic changes, in the WHO European Region.