胶东半岛健康成年人群骨代谢生化指标与骨密度相关性研究

目的 研究胶东半岛健康成年人群腰椎(L2-L4)骨密度(BMD)与抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP5b)、Ⅰ型胶原C端肽(CTX)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、骨钙素(BGP)、降钙素(CT)、25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]、血清钙(Ca)和磷(P)的相关关系.方法 采用双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)对胶东半岛沿海地区多中心多阶段整群抽样436名21～89岁居民进行BMD测量;采用美国Thermo公司酶标免疫分析仪和HITACHI日立7600-20全自动生化分析仪检测骨代谢指标.将436例受试者按不同性别,每10岁为1个年龄段分组;应用SPSS 13.0分析软件进行统计分析.结果 21～49岁人群TRAP-5b、CTX、BALP、BGP等指标性别间不存在差异;50～89岁人群性别间差异显著,女性高于男性.TRAP-5b、CTX与BMD负相关;女性BALP、BGP在50～69年龄段明显升高,与BMD负相关,70岁以后开始下降.25(OH)D与BMD正相关;CT降低出现在60～89岁年龄段,与BMD显著正相关.血清Ca和P无明显差异.结论 骨代谢指标测定是监测骨量变化及骨质疏松早期诊断的重要技术手段.不同年龄女性骨形成/骨吸收标志物比率不同,绝经后女性骨代谢呈现高转换状态.     

血清胰岛素样生长因子-1与原发性肾病综合征患儿骨代谢情况的相关性研究

目的:探讨血清胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)与原发性肾病综合征患儿骨代谢情况的相关性。方法:选取2018年02月—2020年02月本院儿科52例PNS患儿为PNS组,52例健康儿童为对照组;测定血清中IGF-1、Alb、PTH、25-羟基维生素D、骨保护素(OPG)、骨钙素(BGP)及钙磷浓度等反应患儿骨代谢情况的指标。结果:与健康儿童组相比,PNS组尿蛋白量显著升高(P=0.014),Alb显著降低(P=0.023),血肌酐浓度(Scr)显著上升(P=0.006),血尿素氮水平显著升高(P=0.013);Ca²⁺、IGF-1、25-羟基维生素D、OPG和BGP较对照组比较显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PNS组血清IGF-1与尿蛋白量呈负相关(r=-0.784,P=0.034),与骨形成指标BGP呈正相关(r=0.819,P=0.021),与25-羟基维生素D呈正相关(r=0.507,P=0.014);评估IGF-1用于诊断PNS的ROC,曲线下面积为0.768,敏感度为65.37%,特异度为80.97%,95%CI为0.696～0.841(...     

乌鲁木齐地区维族、汉族绝经后糖尿病患者骨代谢结果分析

目的探讨新疆维族、汉族绝经后2型糖尿病(T2DM)骨密度变化及骨代谢的差异,为临床骨质疏松症的诊治工作提供进一步依据。方法选取2008年1月-2013年12月于新疆生产建设兵团医院内分泌科住院的维吾尔族、汉族女性且已绝经2型糖尿病患者共405人,按族别分为两组,记录并分析患者血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、25羟维生素D3变化,并进行骨密度测定。结果维吾尔族组血清钙略低于汉族组,但无统计学差异,血清磷水平差异亦不显著;维吾尔族组血清碱性磷酸酶、25羟维生素D3水平均低于汉族组,P0.05,维吾尔族组血清骨钙素高于汉族组,P0.05;按绝经年限不同统计:维吾尔族女性骨量减低比例较高,发生骨质疏松的比例维吾尔族组亦高于汉族组,骨密度正常组汉族比例明显高于维吾尔族。两组股骨颈、股骨大转子、腰椎骨密度值比较,维吾尔族组骨密度值均低于汉族组,在维吾尔族股骨颈及腰椎骨密度下降更明显,但无统计学差异。结论维吾尔族绝经后糖尿病患者骨代谢水平较汉族下降明显。     

维汉2型糖尿病女性骨代谢指标对比 及相关影响因素

目的比较住院维汉2型糖尿病女性骨代谢指标,并研究相关影响因素。方法纳人住院的2型糖尿病维汉女性患者 共264人,维吾尔族172人,汉族92人,空腹抽血查碱性磷酸酶(ALP),骨钙素（BGP),血钙（Ca)、维生素D3 ( VitD3),雌二醇 (E2),血清总睾酮(T),糖化血蛋白（HbA1C),测量身高、体重,腹围,并计算BMI。结果维汉两组年龄,病程,绝经情况,E2 及T无统计学差异,P >0.05,而腹围,BMI,HbA1 c,ALP及BGP水平较汉族组高,尸<0. 05,血钙及VitD3水平略低于汉族组,P <0.05。多元线性回归分析中,BGP存在民族差异(P =0.002),绝经患者的骨钙素水平高于未绝经者(P = 0.003);BMI与骨 钙素的水平呈负相关(P =0. 001)。结论维吾尔族2型糖尿病女性患者的BGP水平较汉族患者略高,无论种族如何,BGP的 水平与BMI呈负相关,绝经后女性的BGP水平显著高于绝经前女性。     

Seasonal changes in biochemical markers of bone metabolism and hip bone mineral status in older northern Chinese men and women

目的为了解北方老年人骨矿状态和骨代谢是否存在季节变化。方法沈阳市60-75岁老年人59人,其中男性30人,女性29人。于3月份（春季）和9月份（季秋）分别采集清晨空腹静脉血和尿,分析血浆中钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素、25（OH）D、1,25（OH）2D、骨钙素;尿中钙、磷、脱氧吡啶啉（DPD）。用DPX-L双能X线吸收仪（Lunar,USA）测定研究对象髋部骨密度和骨矿含量。结果男女血浆25（OH）D、钙（经血浆蛋白调整）和磷含量秋季均高于春季,而甲状旁腺激素含量秋季低于春季。男性血浆1,25（OH）2D含量秋季高于春季（P〈0.05）。女性尿中DPD/肌酐比值秋季低于春季（P〈0.05）。女性股骨径骨矿含量和全髋部骨密度秋季比春季分别高2.5%和1%（P〈0.05）。在男性全髋部骨密度秋季比春季高0.9%,但差异没有统计学意义。其它指标没有观察到季节变化。结论中国北方老年人维生素D营养状态、骨代谢和髋部骨矿状态存在季节变化。     

成都地区不同年龄城乡妇女维生素D和骨代谢指标及骨密度的状况分析

目的评价成都市不同年龄城乡女性居民血清25-羟基维生素D水平并计算维生素D缺乏和不足的患病率,计算各种骨转换指标的平均值,研究维生素D水平与骨转换指标的关系。方法选择2个城镇社区和2个农村社区,30~90岁健康妇女376例,采用酶联免疫法测定1,25-二羟基维生素D、25-羟基维生素D,化学发光免疫分析法测定骨碱性磷酸酶、胶原C端肽、N端骨钙素、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶、甲状旁腺素、1型前胶原氨基,用双能X线吸收仪检测腰椎骨密度。结果 25-羟基维生素D平均值为17.2±0.7 ng/m L,N端骨钙素平均值为7.6±0.3 ng/m L,1型前胶原氨基端肽平均值为59.6±4.2 ng/m L,维生素D不足者患病率为:97.0%,缺乏者患病率为:76.86%。同时,25-羟基维生素D与胶原C端肽、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶呈负相关,1,25-二羟基维生素D与骨碱性磷酸酶呈正相关关系。50岁以后骨密度显著下降。结论成都市女性居民在冬季维生素D普遍不足,不良的生活方式及低维生素D的摄人应引起重视。     

老年男性血清维生素D水平状况及其与甲状旁腺激素的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年男性血清维生素D水平及其与甲状旁腺素及骨代谢指标的相关性。方法 收集2010年9月至2013 年9月在上海瑞金医院老年病科病房住院及门诊患者895例,平均年龄为76岁。测定其血清25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]、血钙（Ca)、血磷(P)、甲状旁腺激素（PTH),1型胶原分子N-端前肽（PINP)及β-1型胶原C端肽（β-CTX)水平。根据血清25 (OH) D水平将患者分为维生素D严重缺乏组（<25 nmol/L)、维生素D缺乏组（25~50 nmol/L)、维生素D不足组（50 ~75 nmol/L)和维生素D充足组（>75 nmol/L)。结果（1)895例老年男性患者年龄60 ~99岁,平均年龄76岁。血清25( OH) D 平均值为(43. 52 ±21. 97) nmol/L。维生素D缺乏者（≤50nmol/L)为592人(67% ),维生素D不足者（50 ~ 75 nmol/L)为223 人(25%)。维生素D缺乏或不足者高达92%,维生素D充足者（>75 nmol/L)仅为80人(8%)。（2)不同年龄段血清25- (OH) D的比较显示,血清25-(OH) D水平随增龄而逐渐降低。60 ~69岁组25-(OH) D值最高,为（46. 27 ± 20. 76) nmol/L,与 其它各组比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。相关分析表明,血清25-(OH)D与年龄呈负相关（相关系数r =-0.088,P = 0. 008)。（3)甲状旁腺素（PTH)的平均水平为（55. 74 ±29. 06) pg/mL。相关分析显示,25-(OH)D与PTH、PINP、β-CTX均呈负相关（r值分别为-0.209、-0. 109、-0. 122,P 均 <0.05)。血25-(OH)D 与 Ca 呈正相关（r = 0. 206,P <0.001)。血 25-(OH) D与BMI、P均无相关性（P均>0.05)。结论 老年男性存在严重的维生素D缺乏或不足。血25-(OH) D与PTH、年龄、 PINP、β-CTX均呈负相关。     

666例维汉老年男性骨代谢水平、骨密度测定分析

目的 探讨汉族和维吾尔族老年男性骨代谢水平的特点,了解一定年龄范围内男性骨质疏松的特点.方法 选择符合研究对象的666名老年汉族和维吾尔族男性,测量骨密度(BMD)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、骨钙素(BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP-5b)、25羟基维生素D3(25-( OH) VD3),按BMD值分为正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组并进行比较.结果 OP患病率随年龄增加而增加,与年龄呈正相关.单因素方差分析,维吾尔族、汉族老年男性在年龄、BGP、TRACP-5b中差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).统计学两两比较:汉族老年男性骨质疏松组TRACP-5b高于正常组及骨量减少组,骨质疏松组BGP骨量明显高于正常组(P＜0.05);维吾尔族骨量减少组的25-( OH) VD2、25-(OH)VD3与正常组存在差异,维吾尔族老年男性骨质疏松组年龄明显高于正常组.同组比较中:正常组、骨质疏松组中,维吾尔族25-(OH)VD2、25-(OH)VD3水平明显低于汉族(P＜0.05),正常组中维吾尔族老年男性BAP、BGP水平高于汉族老年男性(P＜0.05);同组中,维吾尔族年龄均低于汉族年龄(P＜0.05).结论 BGP、TRACP-5b在汉族老年男性中可以较早的反应骨代谢水平的差异性,可以作为骨质疏松症的早期检测指标;维吾尔族老年男性和汉族老年男性在维生素D代谢上可能存在着差异并影响到骨代谢.     

绝经后女性血清硒水平与骨质疏松骨密度和骨代谢指标相关性研究

目的探索血清硒水平与绝经后妇女骨代谢指标以及腰椎和髋部骨密度之间相关性。方法检测156例正常骨密度和162例骨质疏松症的血清硒、25-羟基维生素D、PTH、骨钙素、PINP、CTX和NTX/Cr等指标水平。腰椎和股骨颈的BMD通过双能X线吸收法测量。探索了血清硒水平与骨密度的关系。结果骨质疏松症女性的血清硒水平低于正常骨密度的女性(P0.05)。在骨质疏松症妇女中,血清硒水平与年龄、绝经年限、BMI、PTH、骨钙素、PINP、CTX和NTX/Cr水平呈负相关,与25-羟基维生素D水平呈正相关。在正常骨密度组,血清硒水平与这些参数均未发现明显的相关性。调整年龄和BMI后,腰椎和股骨颈骨密度与血清硒及25-羟基维生素D水平呈显著正相关,与绝经年限、PTH、骨钙素、PINP、CTX和NTX/Cr呈负相关。对年龄和BMI进行调整后,进行多元回归分析以确定BMD的预测因子,血清硒和PINP、CTX是腰椎和股骨颈骨密度的显著预测因子。结论绝经后女性患者血清硒水平降低与腰椎和股骨颈骨密度降低密切有关。     

新疆乌鲁木齐汉族、维族骨量减少女性骨生化标志物和维生素D水平的研究

目的通过分析新疆乌鲁木齐地区汉族与维吾尔族骨量减少女性之间骨生化标志物和维生素 D的水平,探讨维吾尔族骨量减少的特点。方法选择2008年5月至2011年3月期间,我院就诊的 骨量减少的女性500例,其中汉族306例（61. 2% ),维族194例（38. 8% ),对比分析两组体重指数、血 清电解质、部分骨生化标记物以及25羟基维生素D水平。结果两组平均年龄、体重指数、血清Ca、 P、Mg水平无统计学差异（P>0. 05 );骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BAP)无显著性差异（P>0. 05 );骨钙素 (BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b( TRACP-5b)水平,维吾尔族高于汉族组（P<0. 05);汉族各年龄阶段 VitD水平均高于维吾尔族,具有统计学显著性差异。结论骨转换水平较高和VitD缺乏在维吾尔族 女性骨量减少中发挥着重要的作用。     

Interrelationship among vitamin D metabolism, true calcium absorption, parathyroid function, and age in women: evidence of an age-related intestinal resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D action

We studied the mechanism of impaired calcium absorption with aging in 51 healthy women whose ages ranged from 26 to 88 years. Serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D, mean of four measurements per subject] increased with age by 22% (P less than 0.05) but, by split-point analysis, plateaued or decreased slightly after age 65. In a subset of 20 subjects, [3H]1,25-(OH)2D3 kinetic analysis showed that this increase with age resulted from both increased production and decreased metabolic clearance of 1,25-(OH)2D. Despite the increase in serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentration, true calcium absorption did not change with age. The expected inverse correlation between true fractional calcium absorption and dietary calcium intake, however, was easily demonstrated (r = 0.66, P less than 0.001). Serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) increased with age by 35% (P less than 0.02) and serum bone gla protein (BGP, osteocalcin) increased by 47% (P less than 0.001); the increases in serum PTH and serum BGP were directly correlated (r = 0.32, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Bone histology in patients with nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of metabolic bone disease in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) at normal level of renal function remains uncertain. METHODS: To address this issue, we studied 30 patients (20 men and 10 women, mean age 27.3 +/- 11.7 years) with NS who had normal renal function (mean creatinine clearance 103 +/- 4 ml/min). We evaluated their serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), vitamin D metabolites, urinary calcium, and skeletal survey. The extent of bone mineralization was analyzed by histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest bone biopsy specimens in all patients. The findings on bone histology were correlated with biochemical parameters. RESULTS: The mean duration of NS was 35.5 +/- 26.9 months, with a protein excretion of 7.3 +/- 3.2 g/24 hr and a serum albumin of 2.2 +/- 0.8 g/dl. Total serum calcium was 7.8 +/- 0.8 mg/dl, whereas ionized calcium was 5.7 +/- 0.7 mg/dl, phosphorus 3.2 +/- 1.2 mg/dl, and alkaline phosphatase 149 +/- 48.6 U/liter. Serum iPTH levels were normal in all except two patients. The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level was 3.9 +/- 1.2 ng/ml (normal 15 to 30 ng/ml), whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was 24 +/- 4.7 pg/ml (normal 16 to 65). There was an inverse correlation between serum levels of 25(OH)D and the magnitude of proteinuria (r = -0.42, P < 0.05). The mean 24-hour urinary calcium excretion was 82 +/- 21 mg/day. The skeletal survey was normal in all patients. Bone histology was normal in 33.3% of the patients, whereas 56.7% had isolated osteomalacia (OSM), and 10% had an increased bone resorption in association with defective mineralization. The severity of OSM measured by mineralization lag time correlated linearly with the duration (r = 0.94, P < 0.0001) and the amount (r = 0.97, P < 0.0001) of proteinuria. All patients with NS for more than three years had histological changes. Patients with OSM had lower 25(OH)D and serum albumin as compared with those with normal histology (P < 0.005). Bone mineralization had no significant correlation with serum iPTH, divalent ions, or vitamin D levels. CONCLUSIONS: OSM is a frequent finding in adult patients with NS, even at a normal level of renal function. Its severity correlates with the amount and duration of proteinuria.     

糖皮质激素诱导胰岛素样生长因子1降低对原发性肾病综合征患者骨代谢的影响

目的 观察糖皮质激素（GC）治疗的原发性肾病综合征（PNS）患者胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）变化,探讨其水平改变对PNS患者骨代谢的影响及意义。 方法 以本院2008年1月至2009年8月临床资料完整的PNS患者39例为对象。口服泼尼松0.8~1.0 mg&#8226;kg-1&#8226;d-1,完全缓解2周后,以每2周减去原剂量的5％～10％的方式减量。最终每日或隔日5～10 mg维持（总疗程>24周）。测定应用激素前、治疗第4、8、12、24周末血白蛋白、24 h尿蛋白量、血清钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素（PTH）、25羟基维生素D3（25-（OH）D3）、骨钙素（BGP）、I型胶原吡啶交联C终端肽（CTx）及尿钙/肌酐;双能X线骨密度仪检测患者骨密度（BMD）;酶联免疫法测定血清IGF-1水平。使用Pearson 相关分析探讨IGF-1与骨代谢改变的关系。 结果 36例完成随访,并具备完整临床数据。治疗第4、8、12和24周与治疗前比较,患者血钙、25-（OH）D3水平均呈时间依赖性升高（P < 0.05）,相关分析提示,与尿蛋白量呈负相关 （r=-0.749,r=-0.831,P < 0.05）。骨形成指标血BGP、IGF-1水平呈时间依赖性降低（P < 0.05）,骨吸收指标CTx逐渐升高,至第12周起差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。第4周各部位BMD与治疗前差异均无统计学意义;第8周起腰椎（L1~L4）BMD值较治疗前显著下降（P < 0.05）;第 24 周,股骨颈和股骨干的BMD与治疗前差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。PNS患者经糖皮质激素治疗后,IGF-1与BMD和BGP呈正相关（r=0.495和r=0.896,均P < 0.05）,与血CTx呈负相关（r=-0.697,P < 0.05）。 结论 糖皮质激素呈时间依赖性导致PNS患者血清IGF-1水平降低。IGF-1下降与患者早期骨形成指标降低、骨吸收指标增高及后期骨密度下降相关。IGF-1途径可能参与GC 引起的PNS患者骨代谢改变。IGF-1有望成为反映或预测糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松的新型生化指标。     

Predictors and relationships of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentration with bone turnover markers, bone mineral density, and vitamin D receptor genotype in Emirati women

OBJECTIVES: To determine factors influencing serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration and relationships between serum 25OHD concentration, bone turnover markers, bone mineral density (BMD), and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotype in Emirati women. METHODS: Serum 25OHD, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and urinary deoxypyrdinoline (UDPD) concentrations and VDR genotype were determined in Emirati women volunteers who were participating in a study aiming at establishing a reference database for BMD. RESULTS: Serum 25OHD concentration in the 259 women volunteers was 25.3 +/- 10.8 nmol/l (mean +/- SD), and all had vitamin D deficiency (25OHD <80 nmol/l). Mean serum 25OHD was highest in April (29.2 +/- 13.0 nmol/l), which marks the end of the short and cooler winter season, and lowest in August (18.2 +/- 5.9 nmol/l). No significant difference in 25OHD concentration was noted among Emirati women wearing different dress styles, but the mean serum 25OHD was significantly lower in comparison with non-Arab Caucasian women volunteers who dressed in a Western style (P < 0.001). Serum 25OHD correlated positively with age (r = 0.2), number of pregnancies (r = 0.16), dietary vitamin D intake (r = 0.15), serum calcium (r = 0.14), phosphorus (r = 0.14), VDBP (r = 0.15), and urinary calcium/creatinine (r = 0.2), and inversely with PTH (r = -0.22), OC (r = -0.13), and UDPD/creatinine (r = -0.15); P < 0.05 for all correlations. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, dietary vitamin D intake, multivitamin intake, and cooler season were independent positive predictors of serum 25OHD concentration (R(2) = 0.18). The frequencies of VDR genotypes were 36% GG, 44.1% AG, and 19.9% AA. Allele frequencies were 58% for G allele and 42% for A allele and were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (x(2) = 1.44; P > 0.1). There was no statistically significant influence of VDR genotype on bone turnover or BMD. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Emirati women and appears largely attributable to insufficient sunlight exposure. It is associated with increased bone turnover. VDR genotype does not appear to influence bone turnover markers or BMD in Emirati women.     

血清SM4D水平与绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨密度和骨代谢指标的相关性研究

目的探讨绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,POP)患者血清4D同型二聚体(SM4D)水平与骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)和骨转换指标的关系。方法通过双能X线吸收测定法对257例POP患者和90例健康对照者进行BMD测量。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测定受试者血清SM4D、BAP、BGP和TRACP-5b水平。使用自动电化学发光系统测量I型血清交联N端肽(NTX)、25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]和骨钙素的N-mid片段水平(N-MID-OT)。结果与健康对照组相比,POP妇女的SM4D水平显著升高[(1.40±0.33)μg/L vs.(0.58±0.18)μg/L,P=0.006]。SM4D水平与血清TRACP-5b和NTX水平呈正相关,与腰椎和股骨颈BMD、血清BAP和BGP水平呈负相关。SM4D水平与年龄、体质量指数以及血清25(OH)D和N-MID-OT水平之间无相关性。腰椎和股骨颈骨密度(β=-0.354,P<0.001;β=-31.234,P<0.001)和血清BAP水平(β=0.127,P=0.019)是POP患者血清SM4D水平的独立预测因子。结论绝经后骨质疏松症女性SM4D与骨密度和骨转换指标密切相关。     

慢性肾脏病患者骨代谢与尿蛋白量的关系

目的 研究慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者骨代谢状况与尿蛋白量的关系。 方法 随机挑选2008年1月至2009年5月在本院肾活检证实为原发性肾小球疾病的CKD患者71例为对象。按尿蛋白量分为3组：A组25例,尿蛋白量<1.0 g/24 h;B组16例,尿蛋白量 （1.0~<3.5） g/24 h;C组30例,尿蛋白量≥3.5 g/24 h。健康体检者58例为健康对照组。常规测定血清白蛋白、24 h尿蛋白量及血清钙、磷、PTH、25羟基维生素D3[25-(OH)D3]、骨钙素（BGP）、I型胶原吡啶交联C终端肽（CTx）及尿钙/肌酐（UCa/Cr）等骨代谢指标。双能X线骨密度仪检测患者骨密度（BMD）。对各因素间进行Pearson相关分析。 结果 与健康对照组比较,A、B、C组CKD患者血钙分别为（2.23±0.08）、（2.13±0.09）、（2.04±0.06）比 （2.37±0.12） mmol/L;血25-（OH）D3分别为（50.19±6.58）、（47.78±6.69）、（42.42±10.85）比（56.34±8.34） nmol/L（均P < 0.05）;而UCa/Cr显著升高,分别为0.25±0.11、0.34±0.13、0.41±0.05比0.14±0.06（均P < 0.05）。B、C组血BGP分别为（18.69±7.35）、（16.13±5.76） μg/L,显著低于健康对照组的（22.88±6.21） μg/L;血CTx分别为（413.59±114.93）、（516.21±314.25） ng/L,显著高于健康对照组的（304.53±234.15） ng/L（均P < 0.05）。A、B两组BMD与健康对照组差异无统计学意义;C组BMD显著低于健康对照组[（1.028±0.090）比（1.090±0.062） g/cm2,P < 0.05]。Pearson相关分析显示,24 h尿蛋白量与血钙、血 25-(OH)D3呈负相关,与UCa/Cr 呈正相关;UCa/Cr与血CTx 呈正相关,与血BGP呈负相关;25-(OH)D3与BGP呈正相关,与CTx呈负相关。 结论 原发性肾小球疾病CKD患者的骨代谢异常主要表现为骨形成降低,骨吸收增加,其变化与蛋白尿程度相关,而大量尿蛋白患者骨代谢显著异常。     

Effect of immobilization upon renal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in disabled elderly stroke patients

A 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] deficiency and immobilization-related increased serum calcium concentration have been observed in hemiplegic stroke patients. To elucidate the influence of increased serum calcium concentration on bone metabolism, we measured serum biochemical indices and bone mineral density (BMD) in the second metacarpals of 170 elderly subjects with hemiplegic stroke and 72 age-matched healthy controls. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D], 1,25-(OH)2D, ionized calcium, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), intact bone Gla protein (BGP), and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were measured. An increased serum calcium concentration (mean 2.543 mEq/L) was observed in this population and correlated negatively with the Barthel index (mean 66), indicating immobilization-induced bone resorption with consequent increased serum calcium. Decreased serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D (mean 25.0 pg/mL) and serum 25-OHD concentration (mean 11.6 ng/mL) were noted. Serum PTH was not increased (mean 34.8 pmol/L). Serum levels of BGP were decreased significantly, whereas serum ICTP concentrations were elevated (mean 15.2 ng/mL). A strong negative correlation was seen between the serum calcium concentration and 1,25-(OH)2D (p < 0.0001). BMD of the second metacarpal in patients was decreased significantly compared with control subjects and highly correlated with 25-(OH)D and 1,25-(OH)2D concentrations. Immobilization-related increased serum calcium levels may inhibit PTH secretion, and thus 1,25-(OH)2D production. In addition, 25-(OH)D insufficiency also may contribute to decreased concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D.     

Comparison of vitamin D metabolism in early healthy and late osteoporotic postmenopausal women

Summary We studied 20 healthy premenopausal women aged 36.5±4.0 years (mean±1 SD), 123 healthy postmenopausal women aged 50.0±2.4 years, and 103 postmenopausal women aged 65.1±5.6 years with symptomatic osteoporosis (forearm and spinal fracture). Serum levels of vitamin D metabolites [25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)₂D₃, and 1,25(OH)₂D] were compared with (1) bone mass in the forearm (single photon absorptiometry) and in the spine (dual photon absorptiometry); (2) biochemical indices of bone formation (serum alkaline phosphatase, plasma bone Gla protien), and bone resorption (fasting urinary hydroxyproline); and (3) other biochemical estimates of calcium metabolism (serum calcium, serum phosphate, 24-hour urinary calcium, intestinal absorption of calcium). The present study revealed no difference in any of the vitamin D metabolites between the premenopausal women, the healthy postmenopausal women and the osteoporotic women as a group. The concentrations of 1,25(OH)₂D and 25(OH)D were significantly lower in patients with spinal fracture than in those with forearm fracture. In the early postmenopausal women, serum 1,25(OH)₂D was related to forearm bone mass (r=−0.20;P<0.05), intestinal calcium absorption (r=0.18;P<0.05), and 24-hour urinary calcium (r=0.21;P<0.05); serum 25(OH)D was related to spinal bone mass (r=0.23;P<0.01). In the osteoporotic women, serum vitamin D metabolites were not related to bone mass, but 1,25(OH)₂D was related to bone Gla protein (r=0.33;P<0.001), serum phosphate (r=−0.27;P<0.01), and 24-hour urinary calcium (r=0.43;P<0.001). The present study demonstrates that in a population that is apparently not deficient in vitamin D, a disturbance of the vitamin D metabolism is not likely to play a pathogenetic role in early postmenopausal bone loss. Patients with spinal fractures have low levels of vitamin D metabolites, which may aggravate their osteoporosis.     

Effects on bone mineral density of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in elderly women with vitamin D deficiency

OBJECTIVE: Calcium and vitamin D deficiency is common in older individuals, particularly those who live in nursing homes, and increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. METHODS: We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study of combined supplementation with 500 mg of elemental calcium, as carbonate, and 400 IU of vitamin D bid for 12 months in women older than 65 years of age with vitamin D deficiency, defined as serum 25(OH)D concentrations 相似文献