脉搏波传导速度异常的相关危险因素分析

目的了解3634例健康体检者脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)异常的相关危险因素。方法收集2013年3月至2014年3月在武警总医院的健康体检者3634例,其中男性2421例,女性1213例,年龄35~85岁,平均(51.9±10.1)岁。根据baPWV值,分为baPWV1400 cm/s组(2031例)和baPWVd1400 cm/s组(1603例)。检测脉搏波传导速度,体质指数(BMI)、血压(BP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、尿微量白蛋白(U-MA)等。结果与ba PW1400 cm/s组比较,baPWV1400 cm/s组BMI、BP、FPG、TG、TC、LDL-C、hs-CRP、Hcy、U-MA以及Cys-C均升高,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。baPWV异常的危险因素为:年龄(OR=5.161,95%CI:3.943~6.757)、收缩压(OR=3.592,95%CI:2.538~5.084)、舒张压(OR=3.413,95%CI:2.377~4.901)、空腹血糖(OR=1.681,95%CI:1.237~2.283)、TG(OR=1.420,95%CI:1.075~1.875)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR=1.656,95%CI:1.010~2.716)、尿微量白蛋白(OR=1.451,95%CI:1.032~2.040)。结论年龄、BP、FPG、U-MA、LDL-C、TG为脉搏波传导速度异常的危险因素。     

颈动脉内膜中层厚度及动态动脉硬化指数与抑郁症的关系研究

目的探讨颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT)及动态动脉硬化指数(AASI)与抑郁症的关系。方法选取2012—2014年在广东省肇庆市人民医院体检中心进行常规体检的510例体检者,均进行贝克抑郁量表(BDI-Ⅱ)筛查,根据得分情况分为3组:10分为无抑郁组(n=306),10~18分为轻度抑郁组(n=136),≥19分为中-重度抑郁组(n=68)。比较3组受试者一般资料〔性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、高血压发生率、吸烟率及2型糖尿病发生率〕、生化指标〔总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素6(IL-6)〕、CIMT及AASI,并分析其与抑郁症的关系。结果 3组受试者年龄、BMI、高血压发生率、吸烟率、2型糖尿病发生率、HDL-C水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);中-重度抑郁组女性患者比例大于无抑郁组,TC水平低于无抑郁组,LDL-C、hs-CRP、IL-6水平及AASI均高于无抑郁组,CIMT大于无抑郁组及轻度抑郁组(P0.05)。轻度抑郁组患者hs-CRP水平高于无抑郁组(P0.05)。轻度抑郁组及中-重度抑郁组女性患者CIMT大于男性,AASI高于男性(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性〔OR=2.13,95%CI(1.62,3.95)〕、hs-CRP〔OR=1.79,95%CI(1.56,2.43)〕、IL-6〔OR=2.46,95%CI(1.59,3.02)〕、CIMT〔OR=3.78,95%CI(2.01,4.21)〕和AASI〔OR=2.26,95%CI(1.73,3.14)〕是抑郁症的危险因素(P0.05)。结论 CIMT和AASI是抑郁症的危险因素,临床筛查抑郁症时可参考该指标。     

心房颤动合并脑梗死的影响因素研究

目的探讨心房颤动合并脑梗死的影响因素。方法选取2015年1—7月马鞍山市人民医院收治的心房颤动患者131例,根据脑梗死合并情况分为脑梗死组72例和无脑梗死组59例。回顾性分析两组患者的临床资料,包括一般资料、实验室检查结果及合并疾病情况;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析心房颤动合并脑梗死的影响因素。结果两组患者性别、饮酒史阳性率及心房颤动类型比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);脑梗死组患者年龄、体质指数大于无脑梗死组,吸烟史阳性率高于无脑梗死组(P0.05)。脑梗死组患者空腹血糖及尿酸、脂蛋白(a)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于无脑梗死组(P0.05);两组患者载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B、D-二聚体、血K~+、血Na~+水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。脑梗死组患者高血压、糖尿病、心肌病、冠心病、肺源性心脏病及甲状腺功能亢进症发生率高于无脑梗死组(P0.05);两组患者心力衰竭发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄〔OR=2.616,95%CI(1.328,5.153)〕、空腹血糖〔OR=2.012,95%CI(1.102,3.675)〕、CRP〔OR=1.006,95%CI(1.002,1.010)〕、TG〔OR=1.274,95%CI(1.060,1.531)〕、LDL-C〔OR=3.012,95%CI(1.203,7.541)〕、高血压〔OR=1.619,95%CI(1.145,2.288)〕、糖尿病〔OR=2.002,95%CI(1.121,3.042)〕、心肌病〔OR=3.307,95%CI(1.105,6.817)〕、冠心病〔OR=5.063,95%CI(2.381,10.771)〕、肺源性心脏病〔OR=3.823,95%CI(1.246,7.915)〕、甲状腺功能亢进症〔OR=3.278,95%CI(1.554,6.917)〕是心房颤动合并脑梗死的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论年龄较大、空腹血糖高、CRP水平升高、血脂异常及合并其他疾病的心房颤动患者更易发生脑梗死,应引起临床重视。     

河北省任丘市老年居民颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素分析

目的调查任丘市老年城乡居民颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)患病情况,分析其危险因素。方法随机整群抽样法选择任丘市常住居民5010例,男性2163例,女性2847例,进行面对面健康问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测和颈部血管超声检查。CAS包括颈动脉狭窄和斑块形成。分析CAS的危险因素。结果 5010例调查者中,颈动脉正常567例,内膜中层厚度增厚1671例,颈动脉斑块形成2490例,颈动脉狭窄282例。CAS多因素logistic回归分析提示:校正混杂因素后,男性(OR=3.405,95%CI:2.704⁴.289,P<0.01)、年龄(OR=1.142,95%CI:1.1034.289,P<0.01)、年龄(OR=1.142,95%CI:1.103¹.181,P<0.01)、脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(OR=1.910,95%CI:1.3421.181,P<0.01)、脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(OR=1.910,95%CI:1.342².718,P<0.01)、吸烟(OR=1.799;95%CI:1.4292.718,P<0.01)、吸烟(OR=1.799;95%CI:1.429².264;P<0.01)、使用抗血小板药物(OR=1.313,95%CI:1.0682.264;P<0.01)、使用抗血小板药物(OR=1.313,95%CI:1.068¹.615,P<0.05)、收缩压(OR=1.011,95%CI:1.0071.615,P<0.05)、收缩压(OR=1.011,95%CI:1.007¹.015,P<0.01)、空腹血糖(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.0621.015,P<0.01)、空腹血糖(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.062¹.248,P<0.01)、LDL-C(OR=2.038,95%CI:1.7641.248,P<0.01)、LDL-C(OR=2.038,95%CI:1.764².354,P<0.01)、HDL-C(OR=0.787,95%CI:0.6382.354,P<0.01)、HDL-C(OR=0.787,95%CI:0.638⁰.971,P<0.05)为CAS的独立危险因素。结论任丘市600.971,P<0.05)为CAS的独立危险因素。结论任丘市60⁷0岁人群CAS的患病率高,收缩压、血糖、LDL-C、吸烟是CAS重要的可干预的危险因素,有效控制血压、血糖、血脂,积极推进戒烟运动,延缓CAS病变,可进一步减少心脑血管病的发生。     

高海拔地区冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者冠状动脉病变的相关因素

目的探讨高海拔地区冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)的危险因素,并分析影响冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度的相关因素。方法选取2018年2月至2019年8月因胸痛在青海省心脑血管病专科医院住院治疗并行冠状动脉造影检查的患者516例为研究对象,根据冠状动脉造影检查结果分为冠心病组(n=304)和非冠心病组(n=212)。采用Gensini评分对冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度进行分级,将冠心病组患者分为低分组(n=156)、中分组(n=86)和高分组(n=62)。比较冠心病组和非冠心病组患者、不同冠状动脉病变程度组患者的一般临床资料,并分析影响冠心病和冠状动脉病变程度的危险因素。结果冠心病组患者在男性患者比例、吸烟史、合并原发性高血压(高血压)、空腹血糖浓度、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)浓度明显高于非冠心病组患者,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和载脂蛋白A浓度明显低于非冠心病组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示合并高血压、空腹血糖浓度增高、LDL-C浓度增高属于冠心病的独立危险因素,HDL-C、载脂蛋白A属于冠心病的保护因素。不同冠状动脉病变程度组患者年龄、空腹血糖浓度、LDL-C和HDL-C浓度比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、空腹血糖浓度、LDL-C浓度增高属于冠状动脉病变的独立危险因素,HDL-C属于冠状动脉病变的保护因素。结论在高原地区,伴随年龄的增大、空腹血糖浓度增高和LDL-C浓度增高是冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度加重的危险因素,而HDL-C是高海拔地区冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度的保护因素。     

家族性高胆固醇血症患者跟腱厚度与颈动脉狭窄相关性分析

目的:家族性高胆固醇血症(FH)患者跟腱厚度与颈动脉狭窄(CAS)相关性分析。方法:选取2014年6月至2016年6月,首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院门诊随访的成年FH先证患者137例,根据其跟腱厚度(ATT)的3分位数分组,记录临床资料,分析各组性别、年龄、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、hs-CRP、IMT及CAS间的差异,同时分析CAS的危险因素。结果:颈动脉狭窄组共29例,非狭窄组108例,颈动脉狭窄组与非狭窄组TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、hs-CRP、IMT及ATT比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);性别、年龄及TG比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。按照ATT厚度3分位数分组,三组比较,年龄、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、IMT及CAS差异有统计学意义(P0.05);性别、TG、hs-CRP比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);各组分别与第一组比较,第2组年龄、IMT和CAS以及第3组TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、IMT及CAS差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。CAS的危险因素分析,低HDL-C1.04mmol/L(OR=4.20,95%CI:1.56～11.30,P=0.005)及ATT(OR=2.56,95%CI:1.28～5.18,P=0.008)为CAS的危险因素;ATT≥0.85cm颈动脉狭窄风险增加,差异有统计学意义(OR=6.65,95%CI:1.52～29.01,P=0.012),0.56cm≤ATT0.85cm颈动脉狭窄风险增加,差异无统计学意义(OR=2.59,95%CI:0.58～11.63,P=0.216)。结论:在FH患者中,跟腱增厚与TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、IMT及CAS关系密切,FH患者CAS与跟腱明显增厚(≥0.85cm)呈正相关性。     

2型糖尿病并急性冠脉综合征的影响因素研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病并急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的影响因素。方法选取2016年10月—2017年10月河北北方学院附属第一医院心内科收治的2型糖尿病患者147例,根据ACS发生情况分为ACS组79例与非ACS组68例。比较两组患者一般资料和实验室检查指标,2型糖尿病并ACS的影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果两组患者性别、年龄、吸烟史、高血压病史及血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);ACS组患者颈动脉粥样硬化发生率、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血管细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)水平高于非ACS组,血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(SFRP5)水平低于非ACS组(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,颈动脉粥样硬化[OR=3.746,95%CI(1.048,13.400)]、空腹血糖[OR=16.912,95%CI(4.478,63.872)]、糖化血红蛋白[OR=5.778,95%CI(1.597,20.900)]、血清hs-CRP水平[OR=7.523,95%CI(1.961,28.863)]、血清VCAM-1水平[OR=6.166,95%CI(1.759,21.615)]、血清HMGB1水平[OR=5.387,95%CI(1.531,18.960)]是2型糖尿病并ACS的危险因素(P0.05),而血清SFRP5水平是2型糖尿病并ACS的保护因素[OR=0.186,95%CI(0.043,0.802),P0.05]。结论颈动脉粥样硬化、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及血清hs-CRP、VCAM-1、HMGB1水平是2型糖尿病并ACS的危险因素,血清SFRP5水平则是保护因素。     

血液透析患者高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与PCI术后冠状动脉再狭窄的关系

目的 本研究旨在探讨血液透析患者冠状动脉再狭窄的危险因素。方法 回顾性研究分析54例接受PCI手术和术后随访冠状动脉造影的血液透析患者。其中22例（40.7%）在PCI术后3-12个月内发生再狭窄。进行logistic回归分析,并总结OR和95%CI,分析冠状动脉再狭窄和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平增加的OR值增加趋势。结果 多因素logistic分析显示,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）比值、LDL-C、非HDL-C和主要心血管不良事件史与冠状动脉再狭窄显著相关（OR值分别为1.89、1.27、1.22和5.79）。结论 数据分析结果表明,LDL-C是接受PCI的HD患者冠状动脉再狭窄的独立危险因素,该类患者可能需要严格的脂质管理。     

血脂代谢与冠状动脉病变的相关性研究

目的探讨血脂代谢与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性。方法共收集304例行冠状动脉造影术的患者,用冠状动脉病变支数及Gensini积分表示冠状动脉病变严重程度,分析患者血脂水平及其比值与冠状动脉病变的关系。结果多因素回归分析显示,年龄、TC/HDL-C与冠状动脉病变Gensini积分呈正相关(t=3.419,P<0.001;t=11.873,P<0.001),载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)与冠状动脉病变Gensini积分呈负相关(t=-3.412,P=0.001);年龄、非HDL-C(N-HDL-C)、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C与冠状动脉病变支数呈正相关[OR=0.95,95%CI(-0.074,-0.034),P<0.001;OR=0.3,95%CI(-1.675,-0.765),P<0.001;OR=1.55,95%CI(-0.735,-0.144),P=0.004;OR=0.71,95%CI(-0.627,-0.054),P=0.02]。结论受检者的血脂水平与其冠状动脉病变程度密切相关,以N-HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C和ApoA1对冠状动脉病变的预测性更强。     

绝经后女性患者血清抵抗素水平与冠心病病变严重程度的相关性研究

目的评价绝经后女性患者血清抵抗素(Resistin)水平与冠心病病变严重程度的相关性,并探讨抵抗素水平与心血管病危险因素的关系。方法117例绝经后妇女,均检测血清抵抗素、胰岛素,并检测空腹血糖(BG)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)水平及总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)及脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]等血脂水平指标。根据冠状动脉病变严重程度分为4组:第1组为冠状动脉无病变者,第2组为冠状动脉轻度病变者,第3组为冠状动脉中度病变者,第4组为冠状动脉重度病变者。有中、重度病变的患者诊断为冠心病。结果冠心病患者血清抵抗素水平显著高于无冠心病的患者[4(1~10)μg/L比2(0~4)μg/L,中位数(四分位数间距)]。多元logistic回归分析显示,血清抵抗素为冠心病独立危险因素(OR1.131;95%CI1.012~1.263)。抵抗素水平与冠状动脉病变程度呈正相关(r=0.231)。控制其他心血管病危险因素后,抵抗素仍然与冠状动脉病变程度呈正相关(r=0.246)。抵抗素水平与患者年龄及hs-CRP呈正相关(r值分别为0.204和0.166,P值分别为0.001及0.009)。结论绝经后妇女血清抵抗素水平可能为冠心病的独立危险因素,并且与冠状动脉病变的严重程度可能存在一定的正相关。由于抵抗素水平与hs-CRP水平呈正相关,故抵抗素可能通过炎症机制影响冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的进程。     

冠心病患者胰岛素抵抗与血脂、载脂蛋白异常的关系

目的探讨冠心病(CHD)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)与血脂、载脂蛋白异常的关系。方法以空腹胰岛素(FIns)／空腹葡萄糖(FBG)比值和口服葡萄糖负荷之后胰岛素曲线下面积(RIAUC)／葡萄糖曲线下面积(GAUC)比值作为IR指标，与空腹血脂、载脂蛋白进行直线相关分析。结果与正常对照组比较，冠心病组血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(apoB)；FIns／FBG比值以及RIAUC、GAUC和RIAUC／GAUC比值均显著增加(P<0．05～0．001)，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)，HDL2-C，apoAI及apoAI／apoB比值均显著降低(P<0．05～0．001)；冠心病组FIns/FBG比值和RIAUC／FBG比值均分别与TG、LDL-C和apoB呈正相关(P<0．05～0．01)，与HDL2-C、apoAI和apoAI／apoB比值呈负相关(P<0．05～0．001)，正常对照组与上述指标间则无相关(P>0．05)。结论CHD患者IR与血脂、载脂蛋白异常密切相关。     

外周血血脂水平与老年性白内障相关性研究

目的探讨外周血血脂水平与年龄相关性白内障(age-related cataract,ARC)的相关性。方法采用回顾性病例对照设计,选取2018年1月—2019年12月于复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院就诊并确诊为ARC的患者280例作为观察组,其中男性140例,女性140例。同时选取同期217例正常健康体检者作为对照组,其中男性109例,女性108例。使用罗氏全自动生化分析仪检测受试者外周血胆固醇(cholesterol,CHOL)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A(apolipoprotein A,Apo A)和载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B,Apo B)水平。采用独立样本t检验及二元多因素Logistic回归,分析上述血脂指标在观察组和对照组间的差异及其与ARC的相关性。结果观察组外周血CHOL、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、ApoA、ApoB水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),并且在男性和女性亚组中均观察到相似的结果。Logistic回归分析显示,观察组CHOL(P=0.002,OR=1.467,95%CI=1.151~1.871)、TG(P<0.001,OR=3.400,95%CI=2.312~5.001)、HDL-C(P<0.001,OR=7.632,95%CI=3.8942~14.958)、LDL-C(P<0.001,OR=6.306,95%CI=4.440~9.011)、ApoB(P<0.001,OR=40.893,95%CI=16.003~104.493)、BMI(P<0.001,OR=1.256,95%CI=1.171~1.348)水平与ARC的发病存在一定相关性;与男性相比,外周血HDL-C(P<0.001,OR=9.180,95%CI=3.317~25.404)、LDL-C(P<0.001,OR=8.652,95%CI=4.965~15.077)和ApoB(P<0.001,OR=75.614,95%CI=19.448~293.990)水平较高的女性患ARC的风险更高。结论ARC患者外周血脂水平升高,CHOL、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、ApoB升高可能增加中老年人群发生ARC的风险。     

糖尿病大血管并发症与血清高分子质量脂联素水平的相关性

目的探讨2型糖尿病大血管并发症与血清高分子质量脂联素（HMM-ADPN,H-ADPN）水平之间的相关性。方法选取2010年12月至2012年12月接受治疗的106例2型糖尿病患者,分为单纯2型糖尿病组（A组,n=66）和2型糖尿病合并大血管病变组（B组,n=40）。测量所有受试者的身高、体质量、血压,同时分别测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL．C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、空腹血糖（FBG）、高敏C．反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、血清总脂联素（ADPN）、H．ADPN、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）等。结果两组间血清H-ADPN水平差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,多因素logisticl回归分析显示,调整年龄、性别、体质量指数（BMI）及hs．CRP等因素后血清H．ADPN水平与HDL-C水平呈显著正相关（P〈0．05）,与收缩压及CIMT呈负相关（P〈0．05）.结论血清H．ADPN水平在糖尿病动脉粥样硬化过程中可能起重要作用,与2型糖尿病大血管并发症的发生和发展相关。     

Erosive esophagitis associated with metabolic syndrome,impaired liver function,and dyslipidemia

AIM:To investigate whether erosive esophagitis is correlated with metabolic syndrome and its components,abnormal liver function,and lipoprotein profiles.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional,case control study of subjects who underwent upper endoscopy during a health examination at the Health Management and Evaluation Center of a tertiary medical care facility located in Southern Taiwan.Metabolic syndrome components,body mass index(BMI),liver function,dyslipidemia,and cardiovascular risk factors,as defined by the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to HDL-C were compared betweenindividuals with and without erosive esophagitis.Risk factors for erosive esophagitis were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS:Erosive esophagitis was diagnosed in 507of 5015 subjects who were individually age and sex matched to 507 esophagitis-free control subjects.In patients with erosive esophagitis,BMI,waist circumference,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose,triglyceride levels,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-C,and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to HDL-C were significantly higher and HDL-C was significantly lower compared to patients without erosive esophagitis(all P<0.05).In a multivariate analysis,central obesity(OR=1.38;95%CI:1.0-1.86),hypertension(OR=1.35;95%CI:1.04-1.76),hypertriglyceridemia(OR=1.34;95%CI:1.02-1.76),cardiovascular risk factors as defined by a ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-C>5(OR=1.45;95%CI:1.06-1.97),and aspartate aminotransferase(OR=1.59;95%CI:1.08-2.34)were significantly associated with erosive esophagitis.CONCLUSION:Metabolic syndrome,impaired liver function,and a higher ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-C were associated with erosive esophagitis.     

Effects of a short-term (4 weeks) protein-sparing modified fast on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in obese women

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a short-term (4 weeks) protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF) diet of 400 cal on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in a group (n = 51) of pre- and postmenopausal women with moderately severe obesity (body mass index greater than 30) as well as the eventual relations of plasma lipids to the type of fat distribution. Women with android-type obesity had higher plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apoprotein B (apoB) and glucose levels and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and HDL-C/LDL-C ratio than women with gynoid-type obesity. Besides waist-hip ratio (WHR), also age was an important determinant of HDL-C and HDL-C/LDL-C. PSMF for 4 weeks caused a 20% decrease in plasma cholesterol, LDL-C and apoB levels but also a decrease of HDL-C, apoA1 and apoA2. Nevertheless the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio increased, and, overall, PSMF resulted in less atherogenic profile of plasma lipids. Weight loss was independent of WHR but somewhat higher in premenopausal women (mean 10 kg) than in postmenopausal women (mean 8 kg), suggesting a more important energy deficit in pre- than in postmenopausal women. No correlation was observed between the importance of weight loss and the changes in plasma lipid levels: this indicates that the normalization of plasma lipids is the consequence of the diet itself and not secondary to weight loss.     

Subclinical hypothyroidism and lipid abnormalities in older women attending a vascular disease prevention clinic: effect of thyroid replacement therapy

The authors evaluated the frequency and type of lipid disorders associated with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) in older women referred to their university vascular disease prevention clinic. They also assessed the results of thyroid replacement therapy. Fasting serum lipid profiles and thyroid function tests were measured in 333 apparently healthy women (mean age: 71.8 +/- 7 years). These women were divided into 3 groups: group I: 60-69 years old (n = 132); group II: 70-79 years old (n = 153); group III: 80-89 years old (n = 48). SH was defined as a serum thyrotropin concentration higher than 3.20 mlU/mL with a normal free thyroxine concentration. The prevalence of SH was 7.5%. Thyrotropin was higher than 3.20 mU/mL in 25 women; 7 (5.3%), 14 (9.2%), and 4 (8.3%) in groups I, II, and III, respectively. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were higher in the women with SH (p = 0.037). The mean values of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]), apolipoprotein A-I (apo AI) apolipoprotein B100 (apo B) and apo B/apo A ratio were higher and triglycerides (TG) were lower, compared with those with normal levels of thyrotropin. However, none of these differences reached significance. Restoration of euthyroid status (thyroxine: 50-100 microg/day) in 17 SH women significantly improved TC (p = 0.017), LDL-C (p = 0.014), TC/HDL-C (p = 0.05), LDL-C/HDL-C (p = 0.03), apo B (p = 0.013), and Lp(a) (p = 0.0005) values. SH is relatively common in older women attending a vascular disease prevention clinic. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy significantly improved serum lipids. In particular, the reduction in LDL-C and Lp(a) concentrations may be of clinical benefit.     

Adiponectin is independently associated with apolipoprotein B to A-1 ratio in Koreans

Apolipoprotein B to A-1 (apo B/A-1) ratio is reportedly a better predictor of atherosclerotic vascular disease than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The aim of this study was to assess the association of serum apo B/A-1 ratio with insulin resistance and adiponectin in patients with different grades of glucose intolerance. Patients were divided according to glucose tolerance into 3 groups: normal glucose tolerance without metabolic syndrome (n = 229), impaired fasting glucose (subjects with fasting plasma glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dL, n = 658), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 381). Serum concentrations of apo B, apo A-1, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and adiponectin were measured. Insulin resistance was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). There were significant differences in metabolic parameters among the groups, including waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, and apo B/A-1 ratio, which increased sequentially with glucose intolerance, whereas adiponectin level decreased with increasing severity of glucose intolerance. The apo B/A-1 ratio was significantly correlated with TC, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, adiponectin, and HOMA-IR in normal glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Multiple regression analysis showed that apo B/A-1 ratio was significantly associated with TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and adiponectin. In conclusion, apo B/A-1 ratio was significantly associated with insulin resistance according to glucose intolerance; and serum adiponectin was an important independent factor associated with apo B/A-1 ratio in Koreans.     

低密度与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值对冠心病的诊断价值

目的 探讨低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)浓度的比值与冠心病(CHD)的相关性。方法 对68例胸痛患者行冠状动脉造影,并同时测定其血脂成分。结果CHD组总胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C高于对照组,HDL-C(低于对照组。LDL-C/HDL-C与CHD的相关性最强(OR=3.79,OR95％Cl=1.88-6.14)。结论 CHD患者存在多种血脂异常,LDL-C/HDL-C是一项有较好使用价值的CHD预测指标。     

Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio vs LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio as indices of ischemic heart disease risk in men: the Quebec Cardiovascular Study.

BACKGROUND: Total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C ratios are used to predict ischemic heart disease risk. There is, however, no consensus on which of these 2 indices is superior. The objective of the present study was to present evidence that the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio may underestimate ischemic heart disease risk in overweight hyperinsulinemic patients with high triglyceride (TG)-low HDL-C dyslipidemia. METHODS: A total of 2103 middle-aged men in whom measurements of the metabolic profile were performed in the fasting state were recruited from 7 suburbs of the Quebec metropolitan area. RESULTS: The relationship of LDL-C/HDL-C to TC/HDL-C ratios was examined among men in the Quebec Cardiovascular Study classified into tertiles of fasting TG levels. For any given LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, the TC/HDL-C ratio was higher among men in the top TG tertile (>168 mg/dL [>1.9 mmol/L]) than in men in the first and second TG tertiles. Adjustment of the TC/HDL-C ratio for LDL-C/HDL-C by covariance analysis generated significant differences in average TC/HDL-C ratios among TG tertiles (P<.001). Greater differences in features of the insulin resistance syndrome (insulinemia, apolipoprotein B, and LDL size) were noted across tertiles of the TC/HDL-C ratio than tertiles of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. CONCLUSION: Variation in the TC/HDL-C ratio may be associated with more substantial alterations in metabolic indices predictive of ischemic heart disease risk and related to the insulin resistance syndrome than variation in the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio.     

新生儿脐血血脂水平及胎心率检测分析

目的探讨新生儿脐血血脂水平及胎心率的变化。方法选取头胎顺产新生儿87例,测定小于胎龄儿(SGA)14例、适于胎龄儿(AGA)63例、大于胎龄儿(LGA)10例脐血血脂水平,记录胎儿娩出前5 min胎心率。并使用全自动生化分析仪测定脐血甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和载脂蛋白AI(ApoAI)和载脂蛋白B(ApoB)水平。结果SGA组脐血TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB水平均高于AGA组和LGA组,HDL-C、ApoAI水平低于AGA组和LGA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);新生儿血脂指标与胎心率回归分析未发现明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论不同的宫内环境引起胎儿代谢的改变,胚胎生长受限的新生儿存在血脂代谢障碍。