心脏死亡后捐献角膜用作穿透性角膜移植术供体的安全性研究

目的:探讨心脏死亡后捐献(donation after cardiac death,DCD)角膜供体行穿透性角膜移植的安全性。方法:按照时间先后顺序,采用DCD供体角膜行穿透性角膜移植术,术后3~4mo检测角膜植片内皮细胞密度及最佳矫正视力。结果:共统计14例26眼DCD角膜供体纳入本研究。供体年龄0.5~61(平均38.3±15.6)岁;死亡原因包括脑外伤9例,心肌梗塞2例,脑干出血2例,呼吸循环衰竭1例。14例DCD捐献者28眼,因2眼暴露性角膜炎用作科学研究,共26眼用于穿透性角膜移植。所有患者手术过程顺利,手术后3~4mo未发生排斥反应,角膜植片保持透明。手术后3~4mo角膜内皮细胞密度794~4 347(平均2 305±827)个/mm2,其中低于1 000个/mm2者1例(3.8%),1 000~2 000个/mm2者9例(34.6%),大于2 000个/mm2者16例(61.5%)。26例角膜移植受者年龄20~80(平均40.7±17.1)岁。手术前最佳矫正视力为光感(+)~0.08(平均0.027±0.024);手术后3~4mo最佳矫正视力为0.2~0.8(平均0.52±0.182),两者比较差异有显著统计学意义(t=3.96,P<0.01)。结论:DCD捐献角膜用作穿透性角膜移植供体具有较高的安全性。     

湿房和深低温保存角膜穿透性移植术后角膜内皮分析

目的　探讨深低温长期保存和短期湿房保存角膜移植术后植片角膜内皮细胞形态学特征。方法　应用深低温长期保存 30～ 5 0个月 (平均 2 5 .0± 11.9个月 )青壮年供体眼角膜完成穿透性角膜移植 2 4例 (2 4只眼 ) ,同时与来自于青壮年供体经 4℃湿房保存的新鲜供眼角膜穿透性移植术后的角膜内皮细胞状况相比较。全部患者术后角膜植片保持透明 ,未曾出现移植免疫排斥反应 ,手术操作由同一医生完成。术后 2～ 2 0 (平均 6 .7± 3.1)个月应用接触式角膜内皮显微镜及与其同步显示的角膜内皮细胞分析仪对角膜植片中央内皮细胞进行观察和分析。结果　应用深低温保存和湿房保存角膜行穿透性角膜移植术后角膜内皮细胞平均面积、细胞平均密度、面积变异系数、细胞最大面积、细胞最小面积以及六角形细胞出现率间均无显著性差异 (t=0 .116～ 1.195 ,P >0 .0 5 )。结论　应用深低温保存角膜和湿房保存角膜行穿透性角膜移植术后角膜内皮细胞具有相同的临床价值     

深低温长期保存角膜穿透移植术后角膜内皮分析

目的 :了解深低温长期保存角膜移植术后植片内皮细胞的情况。方法 :应用深低温长期保存 3 0天～ 5 0个月 (平均 2 5 0± 11 9个月 )青壮年供体眼角膜完成穿透性角膜移植 2 4例 (2 4眼 )。供眼角膜深低温保存采用Kaufman Capella冷冻保存及复温技术。全部患者角膜植片一直保持透明 ,术后未曾出现移植免疫排斥反应 ,手术操作均由同一医生完成。术后 2～ 13 (平均 5 5± 2 2 )个月 ,应用接触式角膜内皮显微镜及与其同步显示的角膜内皮细胞分析仪对角膜植片中央进行观察和分析。结果 :角膜植片平均内皮细胞密度达 1769 6± 493 7个 /mm ,变异系数为 3 1 3± 11 4% ,六角形细胞出现率为 5 9 0± 6 9% ;植片内皮细胞密度与供体年龄、细胞面积变异系数呈负相关 ,与深低温保存时间以及受体年龄无关 ;六角形细胞出现率与植片内皮细胞密度呈正相关 ,与面积变异系数呈负相关 ,与术后随访时间无相关性。结论 :深低温长期保存角膜可满足穿透性角膜移植的需要。     

飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术对角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的：探讨飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)对角膜内皮细胞的影响。

方法：采用前瞻性病例研究。将2014-04/10在中国医科大学附属盛京医院自愿接受SMILE手术的近视及近视散光患者60例120眼,按照患者术前是否长期配戴角膜接触镜分为两组：角膜接触镜组(60眼)和非角膜接触镜组(60眼)。采用NIDEK confoscan4型角膜共焦显微镜检测两组患者术前及术后1wk,1、6mo时的角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞百分比,并记录数值进行统计学分析。

结果：全部患者手术进行顺利,术中和术后均无危害视力的并发症发生。两组患者的年龄、术前的屈光度数、切除基质透镜的厚度、剩余角膜基质床厚度、术后裸眼视力的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。非角膜接触镜组术前及术后1wk,1、6mo的角膜内皮细胞密度的差异及六角形细胞百分比的差异均无统计学意义(F=0.864、2.488,P=0.460、0.061)。角膜接触镜组术前及术后1wk,1、6mo的角膜内皮细胞密度的差异无统计学意义(F=0.135,P=0.939),但六角形细胞百分比的差异有统计学意义(F=4.913,P=0.002); 经LSD-t检验,角膜接触镜组的六角形细胞百分比术后1wk时(30.70±4.08)%较术前(32.23±4.15)%明显降低(P=0.045); 术后1mo时(33.05±4.28)%恢复至术前水平(P=0.364); 术后6mo时(34.06±5.11)%与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.091)。两组之间比较,角膜接触镜组的角膜内皮六角形细胞百分比于术前及术后1wk; 1mo时明显低于非角膜接触镜组(t=2.051、1.723、2.092,P=0.037、0.042、0.034),但术后6mo时与非角膜接触镜组无明显差异(t=0.131,P=0.986)。

结论：在保留剩余角膜基质床厚度≥300μm的条件下,SMILE手术矫正近视和近视散光对角膜内皮细胞密度无影响,仅对角膜内皮六角形细胞百分比造成短暂的影响,其影响程度没有长期配戴角膜接触镜对角膜内皮细胞的影响大,SMILE手术是一种非常安全的角膜屈光手术。     

玻璃体腔注射康柏西普对黄斑水肿患者角膜厚度和内皮细胞的影响

目的：研究玻璃体腔注射康柏西普对黄斑水肿患者角膜厚度及内皮细胞的影响。

方法：选取2017-01/12在本院行玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗黄斑水肿的患者30例30眼,手术前后使用超声生物显微镜测量中央角膜厚度,使用角膜内皮计数仪测量患眼中央角膜内皮细胞密度和六角形细胞比例。

结果：本组患者术前和术后1d,1wk角膜中央厚度分别为551.68±12.80、552.06±13.22、552.49±13.83μm(P>0.05)。术前和术后1d,1wk,3、6mo中央角膜内皮细胞密度分别为2551.03±287.55、2563.79±292.34、2543.32±282.41、2526.18±280.24、2519.60±279.89个/mm²,六角形细胞比例分别为(50.23±7.51)%、(50.93±8.23)%、(50.60±7.91)%、(50.40±7.50)%、(50.93±8.19)%,均无明显差异(P>0.05)。

结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普是一种安全的治疗黄斑水肿的方法,在注射后6mo内对角膜厚度及内皮细胞无明显影响。     

高龄硬核白内障小切口非超声乳化与超声乳化术后角膜内皮细胞观察

目的：对比观察高龄硬核白内障小切口非超声乳化与超声乳化术后角膜内皮细胞的变化。

方法：回顾性分析行小切口非超声乳化的白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术者为A组36例40眼,超声乳化术联合人工晶状体植入术者为B组38例46眼,比较两组手术时间,术前,术后1、6mo裸眼视力、角膜内皮的变化。

结果：两组的手术时间比较无差异; 术后1mo UCVA≥0.5的术眼,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.174,P=0.023); 术后1、6mo两组间角膜内皮细胞计数比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.565,P=0.038; t=2.774,P=0.041),角膜内皮细胞丢失率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、6mo两组间细胞平均面积(AVC)比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.225,P=0.045; t=2.153,P=0.039); 两组术后1、6mo两组间变异系数(CV)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：小切口非超声乳化是治疗高龄硬核白内障患者更安全、有效的手术方法。     

角膜密度测定法及其与角膜前、后仰角的相关性

目的：评估在初治圆锥角膜患者中的角膜密度及其与前和后角膜仰角的相关性。

方法：使用Pentacam检测圆锥角膜。角膜密度测量是通过直径12 mm的区域测量, 分为环形同心区域和深度,测量更多的角膜前后仰角。根据地形圆锥角膜分类对圆锥角膜进行分类。

结果：研究包括152例患者\〖72例圆锥角膜患者(46例男性, 26例女性)和 80例健康对照受试者(50例男性, 30例女性)\〗。两组间角膜2 mm中心处和角膜环状2～6 mm直径处角膜密度测量值差异有统计学意义(K=16.40±2.18 GSU, N=15.31±1.25 GSU, P<0.0001)。当不同深度的密度测量值时,前部层呈现最高值,明显高于中央层和后层的值。当测量不同深度密度值时,前层呈现最高值(KC=23.69±3.71 GSU, N=20.91±2.52 GSU, P<0.0001),显著高于中央层和后层值(KC=14.34±1.70 GSU, N=13.61±1.21 GSU, P=0.001; KC=11.40±1.23 GSU, N=12.35±0.88, P=0.002)。各层深度(前、中、后)角膜密度测量值与后角膜高度值的相关性分析显示两者显著相关(分别为r=0.293, r=0.278 和 r=0.294)。角膜光密度测定每层深度和角膜前角抬高之间没有发现类似的相关性(分别为r=-0.211, r=-0.101, r=0.99)。在对照组受试者中,未发现每层深度角膜前/后角膜高度和角膜后向散射的显著相关性。

结论：光密度图显示前圆锥角膜中央区域的光后向散射较高。圆锥角膜患者的角膜光密度值与角膜0～2、6～10、10～12 mm环状区域前、中、后各层角膜高度相关。     

深低温长期保存角膜穿透性角膜移植术临床报告△

目的评价深低温长期保存角膜在穿透性角膜移植术中的应有价值。方法应用深低温长期保存21～1230d的供眼角膜行穿透性角膜移植术34例(35眼)。结果术后随访2～30(平均7.3±4.0)mo,角膜植片透明率达82.9％,部分患者视力改善,角膜植片内皮细胞密度达903～3083.7个     

Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼对角膜内皮细胞密度及眼压的影响

目的：探究Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼对角膜内皮细胞密度及眼压的影响。

方法：选择2013-06/2016-06于我院治疗的新生血管性青光眼患者200例200眼,所有患者均采用Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗。对患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析,评价手术完成情况,记录术前、术后1wk,1mo,1a的眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度,视力、并发症发生情况。

结果：所有患者中手术完全成功率为81.0%,条件成功率92.0%; 手术前后视力无光感、手动～0.01、0.02～0.05、0.06～<0.10、≥0.10人数比例比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术前眼压42.43±3.43mmHg,术后1wk,1mo,1a分别为13.45±2.34、15.89±2.67、16.34±2.88mmHg,差异有统计学意义(F=4570.62,P<0.001); 术前角膜内皮细胞密度为2 453.67±342.34个/mm², 术后1wk,1mo,1a分别为2 216.67±332.32、2 087.34±326.45、1 959.67±303.34个/mm², 差异有统计学意义(F=83.42,P<0.001); 术后发生前房出血20眼,低眼压13眼,引流阀阀体移位8眼,浅前房21眼。

结论：Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼能够有效控制眼压,但存在角膜内皮细胞丢失现象,能够有效保护并部分改善患者残存视力,并发症较轻且简单干预后好转,是治疗新生血管性青光眼的有效方法。     

糖尿病性白内障超声乳化摘除术前后角膜内皮细胞变化

目的：观察白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术对糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞的影响。

方法：糖尿病组：白内障合并糖尿病患者39例52眼,对照组：白内障非糖尿病患者31例33眼,应用角膜内皮检测仪于术前及术后1d; 1wk; 1mo测量角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比率,分析结果。

结果：糖尿病组和对照组术后1d; 1wk; 1mo角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比率均比术前显著降低(P<0.05),糖尿病和对照组术前角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比率均无显著性差异(P>0.05),但术后1d糖尿病组患者角膜内皮细胞丢失明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。糖尿病组按年龄分三组,分别为50～60岁、61～70岁、71～80岁,术后角膜内皮细胞损失量无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：白内障超声乳化术对角膜内皮细胞有一定的损伤,糖尿病患者比非糖尿病患者角膜内皮更易受损,糖尿病患者角膜内皮的损伤与年龄无关。     

Clinical results of non-Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty

AIM: To investigate the impact of non-Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (non-DSEK) on graft rejection rate, and its overall procedural effectiveness in patients. METHODS: Non-DSEK was performed on 65 eyes of 64 patients, and the procedural outcomes, including rejection episodes, failure and dislocation of the grafts, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), and other complications, were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the 65 eyes, 63 recovered from bullous keratopathy with a clear cornea. The mean follow-up time was 26.4mo (range, 6-84mo). The mean BCVA improved from 1.70 logMAR preoperatively to 0.54 logMAR at 3mo, 0.46 logMAR at 6mo, and 0.37 logMAR at 1y after surgery. The postoperative donor ECD of the 25 patients who successfully underwent specular microscopic examination was 1918±534 cells/mm2 (range, 637 to 3056 cells/mm2), and the mean endothelial cell loss was 41.9% at 24mo postoperatively. One eye developed secondary glaucoma and required regrafting via penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Another eye had postoperative graft failure due to rejection at 26mo. Postoperative graft dislocation occurred in eight eyes. All of the eight dislocated grafts were reattached using air reinjection. CONCLUSION: Immunological graft rejection of the donor graft rarely occurs in non-DSEK. Therefore, non-DSEK is a safe, concise, and effective alternative to restore corneal decompensation when the Descemet membrane is disease-free.     

伴有糖尿病的ARC患者超声乳化术后角膜内皮细胞及眼表的变化

目的:探讨伴有糖尿病的年龄相关性白内障(ARC)患者超声乳化术后角膜内皮细胞及眼表的变化。方法:回顾性病例研究。选取2017-01/2019-01我院收治的190例190眼接受超声乳化手术联合人工晶状体植入的伴有糖尿病的ARC患者(观察组)。另选取同期接受超声乳化手术联合人工晶状体植入的无糖尿病的ARC患者230例230眼作为对照组。比较两组患者手术前后眼表疾病指数(OSDI)评分,泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、基础泪液分泌试验(SⅠt),角膜内皮细胞密度及变异系数指标。结果:两组患者术前OSDI评分、BUT、SⅠt、角膜内皮细胞密度及变异系数比较无差异(P>0.05)。观察组患者术后1wk,1、3mo,OSDI评分均较术前明显增加(均P<0.01);对照组患者术后1wk,1mo OSDI评分均较术前明显增加(均P<0.01),术后各时间点OSDI评分观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。两组患者术后1wk,1mo BUT,SⅠt较术前明显下降(P<0.05),术后3mo与术前相比无差异(P>0.05)。且两组之间BUT对比,观察组BUT更低,下降更显著(P<0.05)。两组患者角膜内皮细胞密度术后1wk,1、3mo较术前明显下降(P<0.05),观察组与对照组角膜内皮细胞密度相比,观察组下降更显著(P<0.05)。两组角膜内皮细胞变异系数术后1wk,1mo较治疗前有差异(P<0.05),术后3mo与术前相比无差异(P>0.05)。观察组角膜内皮细胞变异系数改变相比对照组更显著(P<0.05)。结论:伴有糖尿病的ARC患者手术耐受性低,其角膜内皮细胞密度、角膜泪膜稳定性与基础泪液分泌均与治疗前有显著变化,并且其特征较无糖尿病的ARC患者更加明显,临床应加强术中以及术后保护角膜内皮以及眼表面组织的保护能力。     

前段光学相干断层扫描在穿透性角膜移植术后移植上皮变化中的应用

目的:使用前段光学相干断层扫描(AS-OCT)评估在穿透性角膜移植术(PK)后角膜上皮厚度的变化,并确定上皮厚度在移植排斥反应早期检测中的作用。方法:前瞻性比较观察研究。共纳入20例20眼接受穿透性角膜移植术患者做为研究组,对照组16例16眼。术后2wk、1mo和3mo使用AS-OCT测量角膜厚度。术后3mo,与对照组排斥反应和上皮厚度及分布参数进行比较。结果:术后1mo,研究组的上、下、最大和最小上皮厚度值均显著低于术后2wk(P=0.0004,0.0001,0.0001,0.04),术后3mo与1mo相比无显著差异(P=0.4,0.1,0.8)。与术后2wk相比,1mo时上皮厚度的降低明显高于基质厚度(P=0.04)。角膜上皮厚度变化显示,研究组和对照组的角膜上皮厚度分布模式相似,出现明显的角膜水肿。但是,对照组中央角膜厚度(CCT)明显更高。结论:角膜移植术后移植物上皮重塑的定量评估显示,早期变化有助于角膜移植物厚度的显著改善。角膜上皮厚度和分布模式的变化可作为角膜移植排斥反应的指标。     

穿透性角膜移植术后低密度角膜内皮细胞白内障手术的临床观察

目的探讨穿透性角膜移植术(PKP)后角膜植片低内皮细胞密度的白内障患者行白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的安全性。方法 PKP术后角膜内皮细胞计数<1500个/mm2行白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗的患者15例(15只眼),根据晶状体核硬度分别选择不同的手术方式,行相应的围手术期处理,分别记录术前及术后3个月患者裸眼视力、角膜内皮细胞计数及裂隙灯观察角膜植片情况。结果术前内皮细胞计数为(1195±315)个/mm2,术后3个月内皮细胞计数为(1044±301)个/mm2,差异有统计学意义(P=0),内皮损失率为12.6%。术前及术后3个月的裸眼视力分别为0.06±0.09和0.35±0.22,两者差异有统计学意义,平均提高>5行标准视力表。白内障术后6个月之内无一例角膜内皮功能失代偿及角膜植片免疫排斥反应,角膜植片均保持透明。结论 PKP术后角膜植片内皮细胞计数<1500个/mm2的患者,只要注意围手术期治疗,选择合适的手术方法,和注意术中保护角膜内皮细胞,白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术是安全有效的。     

Corneal endothelial cell density and morphology and central corneal thickness in Guangxi Maonan and Han adolescent students of China

AIM:To investigate the corneal endothelial cell density and morphology and central corneal thickness in the Guangxi Maonan and Han adolescent students of China.METHODS:Noncontact specular microscope (Topcon SP3000P, Tokyo, Japan) was performed in 133 adolescent students of Maonan nationality (M:F 54:79) and 105 adolescent students of Han nationality (M:F 50:55), 5 to 20y of age, who were randomly selected from 3 schools in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China. Parameters studied included endothelial cell density, mean cell area, coefficient of variation in cell size, percentage hexagonality and central corneal thickness.RESULTS:Endothelial cell density, mean cell area, coefficient of variation in cell size, percentage hexagonality and central corneal thickness in the study population were (2969.50±253.93) cells/mm², (339.23±29.44) μm², (29.96±4.07) %, (64.58±9.41) % and (523.71±32.82) μm in Maonan and (2998.26±262.65) cells/mm², (336.11±30.07) μm², (29.89±5.03) %, (64.91±11.64) % and (524.39±33.15) μm in Han, respectively. No significant differences were observed in endothelial cell density, mean cell area, coefficient of variation in cell size, percentage hexagonality and central corneal thickness between Maonan and Han (P=0.615, 0.659, 0.528, 0.551, 0.999). In Maonan and Han, we found age was negatively correlated with endothelial cell density and percentage hexagonality and positively correlated with mean cell area and coefficient of variation in cell size. Negative correlation was also found between central corneal thickness and age in Han, whereas no correlation was found in Maonan.CONCLUSION:There were no differences between Maonan and Han in corneal endothelial cell density and morphology and central corneal thickness. In these two nationalities, there were statistically significant decrease in endothelial cell density and percentage hexagonality with increasing age and statistically significant increase in cell area and coefficient of variation in cell size with increasing age. Central corneal thinned with increasing age in Han, whereas difference did not attain statistical significance in Maonan.     

角膜共焦显微镜早期诊断兔高危角膜移植排斥反应的价值

目的:角膜共焦显微镜检查对兔碱烧伤角膜移植排斥反应进行研究,找寻排斥反应早期诊断的客观指标。方法:制作兔角膜碱烧伤模型,36d后行穿透性角膜移植,于角膜移植术后4,9,14,21~28d诊断排斥反应时,角膜共焦显微镜检查角膜。结果:排斥反应时角膜共焦显微镜检查见角膜植片炎性细胞浸润,角膜细胞丢失,新生血管生长。结论:角膜共焦检查有助于早期诊断排斥反应。     

Corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in Chinese patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

AIM: To evaluate the corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in Chinese patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX). METHODS: Medical records of 16 patients (20 eyes) with PEX who presented to our institution between July 2008 and June 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Thirteen eyes had combined glaucoma. The information of five apparently normal fellow eyes in these patients was also recorded. Left eyes of 20 patients with bilateral senile cataracts but no other eye disease were included as controls. Specular microscopy was performed in all eyes to analyze for corneal endothelial cell density and morphology. Cell density, coefficient of variation in cell size, and percentage of hexagonal cells in corneal endothelium were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean corneal endothelial cell density in the PEX eyes was 2298±239 cells/mm², significantly lower than that in the cataract eyes (2652±18 cells/mm², P=0.026), but there were no significant differences in coefficient of variation of cell size and frequency of hexagonality between these two groups. No significant differences in the three parameters were found between the apparently normal fellow eyes and the PEX eyes or the cataract eyes, or between the PEX eyes with and without glaucoma. CONCLUSION: Corneal endothelial cell density may decrease in Chinese patients with PEX. The development of glaucoma in PEX eyes does not seem to be related with the change in corneal endothelial cell density or morphology.     

Influence of suture regularity on corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty

Purpose: To investigate whether suture regularity affects corneal astigmatism after keratoplasty. Methods: Twenty‐one patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty for various corneal diseases were included in the study. The grafts were sutured in place using a single‐running Nylon 10‐0 suture, taking 24 bites. Immediately after surgery, standard calibrated images of the grafted eye were captured and stored. Using a dedicated image analysis programme, stitches and needle points were identified, and a number of suture regularity variables were calculated. Corneal topographic images were obtained before suture removal (12 months after surgery) and 3 months after suture removal (18 months after surgery). Topographic measures of astigmatism [surface regularity (SRI), surface asymmetry index (SAI) and simulated keratometric astigmatism] were calculated and correlated with the computed suture regularity variables. Results: The average stitch length was 3.04 ± 0.28 mm and the distance between the outer needle points was 2.53 ± 0.09 mm. The SRI was 1.26 ± 0.36 and the SAI was 1.59 ± 0.67 after 12 months; these decreased to 1.03 ± 0.48 and 0.92 ± 0.46 after 18 months, respectively. Corneal astigmatism was 6.38 ± 2.99 and 5.87 ± 3.13 dioptres after 12 and 18 months, respectively. Suture regularity did not affect SAI, SRI or corneal astigmatism significantly 12 months after surgery. Eighteen months after surgery (3 months after suture removal), the standard deviation on the original stitch length was found to significantly increase corneal astigmatism. In addition, the size of the counter‐clockwise angle between stitch and graft radian was correlated significantly with a lower SRI. Conclusion: The origin of corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty is multifaceted. Regular stitch length and stitch advancement on the surface appears to improve the optical quality of the graft after suture removal. Factors such as stitch depth, suture tension and variations in wound construction might also be important predictors of corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty.     

One-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4c implantation for myopia

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of using a one-step viscoelastic agent technique for posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central hole (ICL V4c) implantation for myopia correction. METHODS: The one-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4c implantation was used in 100 eyes of 52 patients. Refractive outcomes, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell, and corneal densitometry values were evaluated at 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively. RESULTS: All the surgeries were uneventful. No corrected distance visual acuity was lost after 3mo. IOP was 16.12±3.18 mm Hg before surgery, and 14.74±3.08 mm Hg at 1d and 14.50±2.56 mm Hg at 3mo after surgery (P<0.05). Corneal endothelial cell density was 2580±242 cell/mm², the coefficient of variation in cell size was 42.11%±7.92%, and the percentage of hexagonal cells was 40.98%±9.46% before surgery. No significant difference was found when these outcomes were compared between the studied time points (P>0.05). The corneal densitometry values of the central 2 mm and 2 to 6 mm areas showed similar regularities. After surgery, the values significantly increased at 1d, then decreased to the preoperative values at 1wk, and then continued to decrease at 3mo (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The one-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4c implantation is found to be safe and effective for myopia correction and causes little disturbance to the cornea.     

角膜移植术后行白内障摘出人工晶状体植入对角膜植片的影响

目的探讨穿透性角膜移植术后白内障行白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术对角膜植片的影响。方法穿透性角膜移植术6个月后行白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术17例（17眼）,随访3～18个月,平均11个月,观察术后角膜水肿情况、角膜内皮细胞计数变化、眼压变化、免疫排斥反应和术后并发症,并进行分析。结果术后所有患眼裸眼视力≥0．3,最佳矫正视力≥0．5者8眼。术后角膜水肿3～7d内消退,角膜恢复透明。术前角膜内皮计数平均为（1547±111）个／mm2。术后3月内皮细胞数量稳定,平均为（1275±106）个／mm2,内皮细胞丧失率平均为4．92％。无其它不良反应。结论对穿透性角膜移植术后行白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术对角膜植片是安全的。