利用现代科学方法研究平乐郭氏正骨

平乐正骨是河南洛阳平乐村郭氏祖传的正骨术,距今已有200多年的历史。其特点是：整体辨证、手法复位、夹板固定、内外用药、筋骨并重、动静结合、按摩活筋、功能锻炼。文中报道了运用现代科学方法对此正骨术进行研究,在整复手法、固定方法和中药应用等方面所取得的成果。     

第94届日本胃癌学会年会内容概要

2022年3月2～4日，第94届日本胃癌学会年会在日本横滨市举行。此次会议由横滨市立大学市民综合医疗中心主办，采用线上线下结合的形式，共计1800人参与。会议讲题总计1031篇，其中约15%来自中国。主要内容包含（1）新版日本《胃癌治疗规约》修改要点；（2）第6版日本《胃癌治疗指南》的修订及其影响；（3）胃癌手术的发展方向。发表关于腹腔镜远端胃切除术的RCT研究——JLSSG0901的研究结果。     

《中国医学影像技术》杂志被《日本科学技术振兴机构中国文献数据库》（JST China）收录

《日本科学技术振兴机构中国文献数据库》[JSTChina,Japan Science and Technology Agency（Chinese Bibliographic Database）]于2007年首次建立。日本科学技术振兴机构每年向中国高校科技期刊研究会对外联络委员会,     

日本《大肠癌治疗指南（2014年版）》解读

日本大肠癌研究会编纂的《大肠癌治疗指南（2014版）》于2014-01-24发表并在临床应用。《大肠癌治疗指南（2014版）》在内镜治疗、手术治疗、复发大肠癌的治疗、大肠癌血行转移的治疗、化学疗法、放射线疗法、术后随访等方面均有不同的更新,在2010年版《大肠癌治疗指南》文献的基础上,收集了新的日文及英文文献,将循证医学证据等级高的、新的研究成果以及适合的会议记录和方案纳入指南。因此,《大肠癌治疗指南（2014版）》具有时代性和先进性,其不仅在日本本土,在国际上也有重要的影响,充分的掌握其精神和内容,制定符合我国的诊治指南,对于推动我国大肠癌的规范化诊治具有重要意义。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗胃癌的医疗经济效益时间趋势分析

本研究基于日本国家数据库的胃癌患者资料，调查分析当下内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）医疗经济效益的时间趋势。收集2009-2011年间在日本907家医院接受ESD治疗的32943例胃癌患者的临床资料，依据治疗年份依次分为：2009年组（9727例）、2010年组（11052例）和2011年组（12164例）。     

地塞米松描述的商榷

《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》2013年第3期刊登了“胸外科围手术期气道管理专家共识（2012年版）[1]一文（以下简称为“专家共识”）。“专家共识”中,针对胸外科围手术期术前、术中及术后的肺部并发症危险因素及防治措施分别进行分析和阐述。但“专家共识”中对地塞米松的部分描述值得提出商榷。     

《腹部外科》杂志征订启事

《腹部外科》杂志是中华医学会武汉分会主办、已故著名外科专家裘法祖院士创办、陈孝平教授主编的一本外科专业刊物。本刊为国内外公开发行的杂志，在国内外具有一定的影响。本刊经过多项学术指标综合评价和多位同行专家评议推荐，从2003年起被收录为国家科技部“中国科技论文统计源期刊”（中国科技核心期刊）。本刊已为《中国学术期刊综合评价数据库》来源期刊、《中国期刊网》、《中国学术期刊（光盘版）》、《万方数据资源系统（Chinalnfo）数字化期刊群》全文收录。     

开展术后随访的困境和策略

上海儿童医学中心徐志伟等教授的论著——“大动脉转位术后吻合口生长的随访研究”发表于《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》2009年第16卷第3期。论文回顾性分析了该中心近8年来大动脉转位术（ASO）应用于新生儿、婴幼儿期完全性大动脉错位（d—TGA）、右心室双出口（Taussig—Bing）纠治术后中期结果。该文不仅展示了较大样本（331例）的手术早期疗效（手术死亡率由40％下降到5％）,并通过细致的专人随访得出术后中期（20个月）的疗效和问题,为手术者改进手术方法,预防肺动脉吻合口和肺动脉分支狭窄提供依据。     

眼球按摩护理在行小梁切除术的青光眼患者中的应用

目的 分析眼球按摩护理在青光眼小梁切除术后患者中的实际应用价值。方法 选取梅州市梅江 区深梅眼科医院2021年1月-2022年12月接受眼小梁切除术治疗的60例青光眼患者作为研究对象，采取随机 数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组，各30例。对照组术后接受常规护理，试验组在常规护理的基础上实施 眼球按摩护理，比较两组护理前后眼压变化情况、手术成功率、护理前后眼部疼痛评分及术后并发症发生 情况。结果 试验组护理后第1、3、6个月眼压低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；试验组手术成 功率为93.33%，高于对照组的73.33%（P＜0.05）；试验组术后第3、7、14天眼部疼痛评分低于对照组，差 异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；试验组术后并发症发生率为3.33%，低于对照组的23.33%（P＜0.05）。结论 对行小梁切除术后的青光眼患者实施眼球按摩护理，可有效降低术后眼压，提升手术成功率，减少术后并 发症，值得临床应用。     

《临床泌尿外科杂志》2011年第6期影响因子达0．9405

据万方数据网站（中国科技信息研究所）公布，《临床泌尿外科杂志》2011年第6期的影响因子高达0．9405，进入了本周（2011年11月7～13日）万方中文期刊影响因子排名前10名。本周进入影响因子排名前10名的医学期刊分别是：《中国医学影像技术》2011—07影响因子为1．0068，《吉林中医药》2011—07影响因子为0．9985，     

Historical aspects of a frequent anal disease: haemorrhoids

In this report the authors outline the main historical aspects of haemorrhoids after a thorough review of the literature. The first texts concerning haemorrhoids are the ancient Egyptian papyruses. The twenty centuries of the history of haemorrhoids are marked by multiple pathogenetic theories, and of these the vascular and the sliding of the anal mucosa are still valid. From an analysis of the historical texts and the most recent publications, we deduce that the principles of therapy are substantially unchanged since the days of Hippocrates. In conclusion, we can say that, as in ancient times, the therapy of haemorrhoids is based on three fundamental approaches: surgical treatment, ambulatorial non-surgical treatment and medical treatment.     

正骨手法与中药熏洗治疗陈旧性踝关节扭伤的病例对照研究

目的:比较正骨手法与中药熏洗治疗陈旧性踝关节扭伤的临床效果。方法:2008年3月至2011年5月,将76例患者分为治疗组39例和对照组37例。治疗组:男15例,女24例;年龄20～59岁,平均(42.97±9.21)岁;病程1～60个月;踝关节功能评分平均(71.27±4.50)分。对照组:男11例,女26例;年龄25～57岁,平均(41.29±8.77)岁;病程1～36个月,平均(8.47±7.37)个月;踝关节功能评分平均(71.45±4.61)分。治疗组采用正骨手法治疗,每周2次;对照组采用中药熏洗治疗,每日1次。采用Baird-Jackson踝关节功能评分,3周后比较2组患者的踝关节功能评分及其治疗效果。结果:治疗3周后,治疗组踝关节评分为(93.44±4.91)分,对照组踝关节评分为(85.81±6.57)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组评分优于对照组。治疗组治疗前后的踝关节平均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组治疗前后的踝关节平均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组优16例,良18例,可3例,差2例;对照组优9例,良14例,可5例,差9例,治疗组疗效优于对照组。结论:正骨手法与中药熏洗治疗陈旧性踝关节扭伤均有一定的疗效,且前者优于后者。     

How frequent are invasive therapies required in patients receiving tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia? A retrospective long‐term study

Three hundred Japanese patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who started an alpha1-adrenoceptor blocker, tamsulosin, between 1993 and 1996 were followed for 3.0+/-3.3 years (mean+/-SD) to determine whether an association existed between the disease severities measured prior to the tamsulosin treatment and the timing at which the invasive therapy was implemented. Patients with a lower quality of life (QOL) index or maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) were transferred for invasive therapy earlier than those with less severe BPH. The International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) was also associated, but apparently to a lesser extent, with the timing of the invasive therapy. Finally, the overall severity evaluated using all of the above three indices, I-PSS, QOL index, and Qmax, in accordance with the 'Severity Criteria for BPH' issued by the Japanese Urological Association, was found to be a good measure for predicting the prognosis of patients with BPH treated with tamsulosin.     

A case of retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma in the pelvis

We treated a case of retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma in the pelvis detected incidentally at a health examination without clinical manifestation in a 59-year-old Japanese man found to have hypertension. Computed tomography showed a heterogeneously enhanced 8 x 7 cm solid mass in the pelvic retroperitoneal space. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an encapsulated tumor, showing a low intensity on the T1-weighted image, heterogeneously high intensity on the T2-weighted image and the tumor homogeneously enhanced with Gd-DTPA. It was suspected to be a mesenchymal tumor. The tumor was resected en bloc. The histologic examination of the extirpated tumor was an ancient schwannoma. A total of 11 retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma cases were reviewed.     

Pancreatic cancer--characteristics of the Japanese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer and my opinion on this subject

Guidelines are meant to reduce differences in therapies among hospitals and increase awareness of gold-standard therapies. The Japanese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer were published on March 10, 2006. When compared with other Japanese guidelines, these guidelines are relatively new and their deficiencies are still being pointed out. They cover diagnosis, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, and adjuvant therapy. Each of the 22 sections gives three to six clinical questions. The recommendations are ranked from "A" to "D" as in other guidelines, and "B" or "D" remain in the surgical sections. Gemcitabine receives recommendation "A," showing the potential for future therapies for pancreatic carcinoma. The distinguishing features of these guidelines compared with others are that they were estimated by outsiders, the methodologies used in the reports on which they were based are described, recommendations for future therapy are given, and it was already reconsidered.     

Oncological outcomes of the prostate cancer patients registered in 2004: report from the Cancer Registration Committee of the JUA

Objectives: In 2001, the Cancer Registration Committee of the Japanese Urological Association initiated a data collection of prostate cancer patients into a computer‐based database. The aim of the present study is to report the clinical and pathological characteristics and outcomes of prostate cancer patients diagnosed in 2004 in Japan. Methods: Overall, 11 385 patients from 239 institutions were registered into the database. After excluding 1105 patients because of insufficient data, duplication or insufficient follow up, 10 280 patients were eligible for the analysis. Most of them (10 198, 99.2%) were Japanese and 1195 (11.6%) had metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. The mean and median follow up was 53.2 months and 61.5 months, respectively. Results: The 5‐year overall and prostate cancer‐specific survival rate was 89.7% and 94.8%, respectively. The 5‐year prostate cancer‐specific survival rate of M0 and M1 disease was 98.4% and 61.1%, respectively. For 8424 cases of organ‐confined or regional disease, Japanese urologists used as the initial treatment hormone ablation therapy alone (3360, 39.9%), radical prostatectomy (3140, 38.1%), radiation therapy (1530, 18.2%) and watchful waiting (394, 4.7%) including active surveillance or palliative observation. Conclusions: This is the first large population report of survival data in Japanese prostate cancer patients. In Japan, the disease population, survival period with metastatic disease and ratio of patients having hormone ablation therapy differ from those in Western countries.     

正骨手法治疗单纯收缩期高血压伴颈椎病的病例对照研究

目的:探索正骨手法治疗单纯性收缩期高血压伴随颈椎病的疗效及安全性。方法:自2012年1 月至2015 年1 月,收治单纯收缩期高血压伴颈椎病患者320 例,分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组160例,男84例,女76例,平均年龄(39.82±10.33)岁,平均血压(149.61±10.75)/(81.01±8.25) mmHg,NPQ评分24.61±8.14;对照组160例,男90例,女70例,平均年龄(41.37±9.42)岁,平均血压(151.48±11.32)/(79.65±9.32) mmHg,NPQ评分25.78±9.53.治疗组予颈椎屈顶旋锁定正骨手法治疗,每2日1次,连续20 d;对照组予坐位颈椎旋转复位法治疗,每2日1次,连续20 d.于治疗前后测量血压及填写NPQ量表以评估疗效。结果:治疗前及1个疗程结束后收缩压,治疗组分别为(149.61±10.75) mmHg和(129.67±12.26) mmHg,对照组分别为(151.48±11.32) mmHg和(132.02±11.73) mmHg,两组治疗后收缩压均较治疗前下降,治疗后治疗组收缩压改善优于对照组。治疗前后舒张压,治疗组分别为(81.01±8.25) mmHg和(78.15±10.34) mmHg,对照组分别为(79.65±9.32) mmHg和(76.89±9.79) mmHg,两组舒张压变化差异无统计学意义。治疗前后NPQ 评分,治疗组分别为24.61±8.14和12.46±7.94,对照组分别为25.78±9.53和14.17±8.86,两组治疗后评分均优于治疗前,治疗后两组评分差异无统计学意义。总体疗效比较,治疗组优于对照组。结论:单纯收缩期高血压伴颈椎病患者早期行正骨手法治疗效果显着,颈椎屈顶旋锁定正骨手法效果较传统坐位颈椎旋转复位法疗效更佳,更为安全。     

Herophilus of Chalcedon: a pioneer in neuroscience

A review of the history of ancient medicine reveals that most of the knowledge is concentrated in the studies of a few scientists. The best-known names include Hippocrates, Rufus of Ephesus, Celsus, and Galen. The survival of their works throughout the ages has been the most important factor contributing to their popularity. However, there are other scientists who made great contributions to science, but whose writings have been lost or destroyed over the course of time. As a result, their names are not as well known as those of others and the value of their contributions is not appreciated. With the improvement of communication technology in the past 50 years, links between the studies of ancient science can be made more effectively and scientists who have remained hidden under the shade of time have begun, after thousands of years, to receive the appreciation they deserve. In the field of neuroscience, the historical record focuses on Galen of Pergamon. But, when his marvelous works are carefully studied, it is interesting to note two names he frequently referenced: Herophilus (335-280 BC) and Erasistratus (310-250 BC). These two scientists were the first to place scientific value on the dissection of the human body. Herophilus is considered the father of scientific anatomy, and Erasistratus was the first experimental physiologist. Attracted by the prospect of material advancement and eminent students, both migrated from their homes in Asia Minor to Alexandria. The works of Herophilus and Erasistratus have been lost entirely, but some details of their teachings may be recovered from the writings of Galen. In this study, we focus on Herophilus, a master of ancient medicine, whose important discoveries about the human body formed the basis for positive science and the foundation for neuroscience.     

Injuries and diseases of the spine in the ancient times

Spinal injuries and diseases have been diagnosed and treated since antiquity. We attempt to record any available information in this area, starting from the prehistoric period and going up to Roman times. Thus, the main focus is on Hippocrates and Galen, who as the most eminent physicians of the ancient world, are presented through their work on spinal pathology. The epitome of their wisdom is to be found in Galen's works made available via Khun's edition (Leipzig, 1829) written in both ancient Greek and Latin. Galen not only presents the Hippocratic knowledge and comments on it, but adds his own opinions and thoughts.