矿泉微量元素对人体的生理作用

目的　探讨矿泉微量元素对人体的生理机能影响。方法　汇集近年来关于微量元素对人体生理作用的研究进行分析归纳。结果　微量元素体内含量虽少 ,但对人体的生理作用有重要影响。结论　开发利用矿泉微量元素这一自然疗养因子在疗养、康复及医疗方面具有良好的发展前景。     

昆明安宁温泉自然疗养因子优势分析

目的探讨昆明安宁温泉自然疗养因子对人体的影响,将自然疗养因子与日常疗养活动结合,开展疗养康复治疗。方法通过对景观、气候、温泉、日光、森林疗养因子进行分析,归纳总结其对人体的影响,最后得出结论。结果昆明安宁温泉有景观、气候、矿泉、日光、森林自然疗养地特点,适宜开展日光浴、空气浴、森林浴、矿泉浴及饮食疗法。结论昆明安宁温泉具有景观、气候、温泉、日光、森林五大自然疗养因子优势,适宜进行日光浴、空气浴、森林浴、矿泉浴及饮食疗法等疗养康复治疗。     

矿泉对人体生理作用机制的探讨

矿泉是一种自然疗养因子，几千年以来，人们利用它的机械(水的浮力、静水压、水的液体微粒运动对肌体的摩擦作用)、温度及化学成分的作用，在治疗各种疾病中积累了不少经验，但矿泉是如何对人体生理机能影响的研究报道不多，多数人认为矿泉主要是通过机械、温度、及矿水的化学成分作用于人体。前     

中国疗养医学第2卷文题索引

(1993年1一4期)专论我国康复医学事业的十年(陈仲武)(多):1自然疗养因子阿尔桑萨依矿泉调查报告(帕丽孜等)(3):n半汤矿泉对老年人睡眠状态的观察(胡一荣)(l):16半汤矿泉浴对银屑病的康复治疗(附184例疗效分析)(孔祥民等)(3):15半汤矿泉综合治疗颈椎病160例(王叙白)(4):7磁化矿泉水浴对人体某些生理指标的影响的观察(张新友等)(3):4磁化兴城矿泉水对人体某些生理指标的影响(高志英等)(4):1磁化矿泉水海水及自来水磁场测定(王成传等)(4):9大气污染与疗养效果的关系(王承恒等)(l):26中国疗养医学1993年第2卷第4期淡化海水对人体体温、呼吸、脉…     

磁化兴城矿泉水浴对人体某些生理指标的影响

本文通过观察说明,磁化兴城矿泉水浴后,对正常人皮温、舒张压、体重的影响与矿泉浴组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。磁化矿泉浴后使人体体重下降,皮温及舒张压增高,说明矿泉水磁化后,引起人体的生理指数发生变化,本实验为临床更好的利用矿泉疗养因子找出了一条新的途径。     

MDI量化分析矿泉浴对飞行人员亚健康的调节作用

目的应用超高倍镜显微诊断仪(MDI)量化分析临潼疗养因子矿泉浴对飞行员亚健康指标的影响。方法选择30例飞行员随机分为对照组和矿泉浴组,每组15人。对照组进行正常疗养,矿泉浴组正常疗养外每天全身矿泉浴,20min/次,持续2周。试验前后用MDI进行人体健康评估。结果试验前后疗养飞行员MDI量化评分均为亚健康状态。矿泉浴组所测疲劳反应、腰肌劳损、脑供血下降、维生素缺乏及脂肪斑块等试验前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组试验前后差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验后矿泉浴组与对照组之间差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临潼矿泉浴疗法对飞行员机体亚健康具有明显的调理作用。     

医疗矿泉在疗养医学中的应用与发展

目的：探讨合理利用医疗矿泉资源，提高疗养质量。方法；分析医疗矿泉与人体疾病康复和治疗方面的关系。结果：各种不同的医疗矿泉对人体有不同的影响。结论：良好的医疗矿泉资源有疗养员在调节心理平衡，消除疲劳，矫治疾病，增强体质等方面起重要作用。对患和循环，神经，血液，呼吸等系统疾病的患者有较好的治疗和康复作用。     

温泉浴对60岁以上正常人心率血压和心电图影响的观察

按我国医疗矿泉分类标准,我院矿泉为氡泉,为了解该泉对人体心脏活动的影响,我们对60岁以上正常人在水疗中进行心电图测定及血压观察,报告如下。对象与方法在本院疗养的健康人中随机     

矿泉疗养因子对特勤人员心境状态的影响

目的观察在矿泉浴及矿泉游泳锻炼前后特勤人员心境状态的变化,初步探讨不同疗养因子对特勤人员恢复良好心理状态的促进作用。方法 15名健康男性特勤疗养人员随机分为对照组、矿泉游泳锻炼组和矿泉浴组。3组在实验前后填写简明心境量表(POMS)各1次。结果 3组POMS量表总分值在疗养后均有下降趋势,其中矿泉游泳锻炼组和矿泉浴组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。矿泉浴组POMS量表总分值显著低于对照组与矿泉游泳锻炼组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。矿泉游泳锻炼组POMS量表总分值低于对照组,但未达到显著水平。结论疗养对特勤人员的心境调节有着积极的作用。矿泉因子在消除不良情绪、维持机体稳态方面更有显著作用。但重复单一的体育锻炼会对特勤人员的心境状态造成一定影响。     

临潼矿泉水质分析及医疗作用的研究概况

目的研究分析临潼矿泉的理化性质及对人体的生理、亚健康作用的调节,研究对慢性疾病的治疗及康复作用,为进一步发挥临潼疗养地矿泉的作用奠定基础。方法采取疗养地矿泉水质检测和分析,并选择从各地入伍的战士、疗养干部、飞行员,进行矿泉全身浸浴,检测对人体生理、心理、亚健康的调节作用,观察对颈腰背痛康复效果及高原部队睡眠障碍的影响。结果临潼矿泉部分理化性质其水文情况随着时间的推移发生了一定变化。对健康、亚健康、飞行员的生理变化有很好的调节作用,有增加左心收缩功能,改善微循环,增加肺功能,促进肝脏血液循环,增加脑血液循环,对血液有形成分、人体成分有调节作用。对飞行员体液免疫功能的改善,体能的增强,心境的调节有着积极的作用,对体内微量元素铅的排泄有促进作用。对高原军人的睡眠质量有较好的改善作用,对抗震救灾人员的颈、腰、背痛有较好的治疗作用。结论必须重视动态观察、定期检测疗养地矿泉资源,才能合理开发利用。研究证实矿泉可综合、全面地改善军人机体的功能状态,对部队（飞行员、高原官兵、抗震救灾人员）合理应用将对健康有非常好的促进作用,对多发性疾病有预防和治疗作用,对保障部队,提高战斗力起到了较好的作用。     

Erythropoietin and the endothelium – a promising link?

The major physiological function of erythropoietin (EPO) is thought to be the induction of erythropoiesis. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that EPO as well as recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and its analogues have tissue-protective effects and prevent tissue damage during ischaemia. This mini review summarizes the present knowledge on protective vascular effects of EPO and discusses the potential underlying mechanisms.     

Differential inhibition of beta adrenergic receptors in human and rabbit ciliary process and heart

Prior biochemical studies have suggested that beta adrenergic receptors in the ciliary process are mostly of the beta-2 subtype. The present experiments evaluate a number of beta adrenergic antagonists, including several recently developed drugs, for their ability to block rabbit and human ciliary process and heart beta adrenergic receptors activating adenylate cyclase. Three of these agents (alpha-methylpropranolol, IPS 339 and ICI 118,551) demonstrated a high degree of oculoselectivity in both rabbit and human. The other agents (S 37-429, S 32-468, ICI 78,462,H35/25, butoxamine, propranolol, timolol, atenolol and practolol) showed either modest or no oculoselectivity. Structure-activity studies suggested that, among antagonists of the aryloxymethyl type, methylation of the side-chain alpha-carbon or the aromatic ring may enhance oculoselectivity primarily by decreasing potency at cardiac beta adrenergic receptors. Additional physiological studies of cardiac chronotropic response revealed that, compared with nonselective beta blockers, compounds with biochemical oculoselectivity demonstrate decreased physiological effects on cardiac function. This was true when the selective agents were applied either systemically or topically to the eye. On the other hand, the systemic absorption of topical timolol was sufficient to block cardiac chronotropic effects completely. These findings, identifying relatively specific blockers of rabbit and human ciliary process beta adrenergic receptors, have implications for the development of ocular hypotensive agents with fewer systemic side effects on tissues enriched in beta-1 adrenergic receptors.     

Growth hormone isoforms, segments/fragments: does a link exist with multifunctionality?

Understanding the relationship between growth hormone (GH) structure (its molecular fragments) and function via interaction with single or multiple receptors is of particular importance in clinical diagnostics and physiologic biochemistry. Direct and indirect actions of GH are numerous ranging from carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to growth effects at muscle and vessels. To this end, we have focused on the influence of physical exercise on GH synthesis and release into the circulation. Physical exercise is a physiological condition to which GH multifunctionality is inextricably linked and is thus important physiologically and pathologically. This review describes the potential human GH fragments with respect to protein hormone multifunctionality and the molecular regions of potential action. The intent of the review is to highlight human GH fragments and hypothesize their potential physiologic role. GH fragmentation is also reviewed in relation to the effects of physical exercise and hormone multifunctionality.     

Development and results of adrenal autotransplantation (author's transl)

56 cases of adrenalectomy and autotransplantation of human adrenal tissue have been reported in the literature since 1955. The most common indication was bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A reduction in postoperative corticosteroid substitution and a return to almost physiological function on discontinuation of long-term substitution can be achieved. Recurrent disease is easily cured by partial excision of the transplanted tissue, situated usually in small muscle pockets, under local anaesthesia. The loss of adaptation to circadian rhythm and stress are adverse effects. Further development of this technique, which is still relatively rarely implemented, may make it more universally applicable for a wider indication of bilateral adrenalectomy, without loss of adrenal function.     

Fluid management in sepsis: The potential beneficial effects of albumin

Fluid administration is a key intervention in hemodynamic resuscitation. Timely expansion (or restoration) of plasma volume may prevent tissue hypoxia and help to preserve organ function. In septic shock in particular, delaying fluid resuscitation may be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and may promote inflammation. Ideally, infused fluids should remain in the plasma for a prolonged period. Colloids remain in the intravascular space for longer periods than do crystalloids, although their hemodynamic effect is affected by the usual metabolism of colloid substances; leakage through the endothelium in conditions with increased permeability, such as sepsis; and/or external losses, such as with hemorrhage and burns. Albumin has pleiotropic physiological activities including antioxidant effects and positive effects on vessel wall integrity. Its administration facilitates achievement of a negative fluid balance in hypoalbuminemia and in conditions associated with edema. Fluid resuscitation with human albumin is less likely to cause nephrotoxicity than with artificial colloids, and albumin infusion has the potential to preserve renal function in critically ill patients. These properties may be of clinical relevance in circulatory shock, capillary leak, liver cirrhosis, and de-escalation after volume resuscitation. Sepsis is a candidate condition in which human albumin infusion to preserve renal function should be substantiated.     

Omega-3 fatty acids: role in cardiovascular health and disease

Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, play an important role in cardiovascular health and disease. Clinical trials provide substantial evidence to support current dietary recommendations for omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease management. The cardioprotective benefits of omega-3 fatty acids may be attributed to multiple physiological effects on lipids, blood pressure, vascular function, cardiac rhythms, platelet function, and inflammatory responses. The metabolism of omega-3 fatty acids, physiological effects, and clinical considerations with current dietary recommendations and sources of omega-3 fatty acids are presented.     

Prostate-specific antigen: a cancer fighter and a valuable messenger?

BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a valuable prostatic cancer biomarker that is now widely used for population screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of patients with prostate cancer. Despite the voluminous literature on this biomarker, relatively few reports have addressed the issue of its physiological function and its connection to the pathogenesis and progression of prostate and other cancers. APPROACH: I here review literature dealing with PSA physiology and pathobiology and discuss reports that either suggest that PSA is a beneficial molecule with tumor suppressor activity or that PSA has deleterious effects in prostate, breast, and possibly other cancers. CONTENT: The present scientific literature on PSA physiology and pathobiology is confusing. A group of reports have suggested that PSA may act as a tumor suppressor, a negative regulator of cell growth, and an apoptotic molecule, whereas others suggest that PSA may, through its chymotrypsin-like activity, promote tumor progression and metastasis. SUMMARY: The physiological function of PSA is still not well understood. Because PSA is just one member of the human kallikrein gene family, it is possible that its biological functions are related to the activity of other related kallikreins. Only when the physiological functions of PSA and other kallikreins are elucidated will we be able to explain the currently apparently conflicting experimental data.     

The motor unit. Anatomy and physiology

The physiological and anatomical properties of mammalian motor units are discussed, and the results of human and animal studies are compared. A physiological organization of motor units based on the mechanical properties of their associated muscle units is examined. It is concluded that such an organizing principle has broad universal application in both animal and human studies. An anatomical organization of muscle units by their association with their physiological properties and the histochemical profile of their muscle fibers is also considered. The anatomical organizing principle also has broad-ranging applicability. The organization of muscle units according to muscle architecture and innervation patterns is described and its potential applicability to considerations of muscle structure and function is discussed. It is concluded that a number of gaps in our knowledge of muscle unit organization have been identified, especially among human studies, but the potential to fill these gaps rapidly is great.     

Arginine and immunity: a unique perspective.

Arginine functions in the body as a free amino acid, a component of most proteins, and the substrate for several non-protein, nitrogen-containing compounds, many of which function in immunity. Although arginine is synthesized in the body, it is not made in sufficient quantities to support growth or meet metabolic requirements during periods of stress. Based on the biochemical and physiological role of arginine in maintaining health and immunity, arginine is being added at pharmacologic concentrations to enteral formulas to boost immune function. Unfortunately, animal and human studies that investigate enteral arginine supplementation as the single variable do not show clear immunologic benefit. The inconsistent effects of arginine supplementation on immune function are due to numerous factors, such as the amount and timing of arginine supplementation, the animal species or strain of species, and the experimental model. Systematic study is required to determine whether a basal dietary intake of arginine is required to maintain immune function during health and how much arginine is required to meet metabolic requirements during periods of growth or stress.