基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制因子与肿瘤研究进展

随着对基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)与基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子(TIMP)功能和作用机制研究的深人,近年来对MMP和TIMP与肿瘤发生发展的关系有了许多新的认识。MMP的功能远非仅限于降解细胞外基质(ECM)来促进肿瘤的侵袭与转移,而是广泛参与肿瘤发生发展的各个阶段和环节。     

金属蛋白酶类组织抑制剂及其基因多态性与肿瘤

金属蛋白酶类组织抑制剂（TIMP）是基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）的天然抑制物。目前的研究表明，它可以通过调节MMP活性或不依赖MMP的方式，来影响肿瘤的生长、侵袭、转移等过程；而且TIMP基因多态性可以调节肿瘤的遗传易感性。因此，对于TIMP在肿瘤发生发展中所发挥作用的深入研究，可以为肿瘤的预防及治疗提供帮助。     

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制物与肿瘤侵袭转移的关系

基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）家族是降解细胞外基质的重要酶类。组织金属蛋白酶抑制物（TIMP）是MMP的天然抑制物。在细胞外基质中MMP和TIMP的失衡已证实与多种病理状态,尤其是与肿瘤的侵袭与转移密切相关。抑制MMP活性是抗肿瘤转移的一个新的靶点。     

基质金属蛋白酶与乳腺癌关系研究进展

细胞外基质(ECM)的降解是肿瘤侵袭、转移的重要信号和途径。基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)是溶解ECM的一组酶类，金属蛋白酶组织抑制物(TIMP)是MMP的特异性抑制物。二者的表达及代谢失衡与乳腺癌的侵袭、转移和临床预后有密切联系。TIMP有望成为新的抗乳腺癌临床用药。现综述近年来有关MMP、TIMP与乳腺癌关系的研究进展。     

基质金属蛋白酶与乳腺癌关系研究进展

细胞外基质(ECM)的降解是肿瘤侵袭、转移的重要信号和途径.基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)是溶解ECM的一组酶类,金属蛋白酶组织抑制物(TIMP)是MMP的特异性抑制物.二者的表达及代谢失衡与乳腺癌的侵袭、转移和临床预后有密切联系.TIMP有望成为新的抗乳腺癌临床用药.现综述近年来有关MMP、TIMP与乳腺癌关系的研究进展.     

基质金属蛋白酶在胃肠癌中的表达及其抑制剂的研究进展

基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）是一大类锌依赖性内肽族，均能降解一种或几种细胞外基质（ECM）成分。其活性受到特异性金属蛋白酶抑制剂（TIMP）的抑制。MMP通过降解细胞外基质及基底膜在胃肠癌的浸润与转移中起重要作用。针对抑制MMP的治疗方法展开了深入的研究，合成的MMP抑制剂在肿瘤的浸润与转移的治疗中将有广阔的前景。     

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂与鼻咽癌的浸润和转移

基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)及金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(TIMP)表达的不平衡促进肿瘤的浸润和转移.研究发现鼻咽癌组织内MMP及TIMP的表达与鼻咽癌的浸润和转移密切相关,TIMP可能成为治疗鼻咽癌的新药物.     

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂与胃癌侵袭、转移关系的研究进展

 胃癌是我国发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一，及时诊断和阻止其侵袭转移一直是当前研究的热点和难点。癌细胞在转移形成之前要经过多次穿透基底膜才能完成，肿瘤细胞分泌多种蛋白水解酶对细胞外基质(extracellular matrix, ECM)的降解是肿瘤侵袭转移过程的一个重要环节，在此环节中基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metalprotinases, MMPs）和金属蛋白酶抑制剂（tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, TIMPs）起到重要作用，尤其是MMP1、MMP2、MMP7、MMP9、MT1|MMP及TIMP1、TIMP2与胃癌的侵袭转移和预后关系密切。     

基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂与肿瘤侵袭转移

基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂(TIMP)是基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)的特异性抑制剂，对抑制肿瘤的侵袭转移起重要作用。TIMP的表达水平与肿瘤预后具相关性，在肿瘤治疗上有潜在的重要价值。     

基质金属蛋白酶与肿瘤微环境的关系

基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)及其抑制剂组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂(TIMP)对细胞外基质(ECM)的变化共同调节肿瘤微环境.MMP可控制肿瘤演进过程中多种蛋白酶的表达.成纤维细胞、炎症细胞和上皮细胞等宿主细胞中MMP的变化与肿瘤形成呈正或负相关.     

Ringworm in animals in a farm in Assiut

Bericht über das Auftreten von Hautmykosen bei Tieren auf der Farm der Landwirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Assiut. Von 70 Kälbern waren 42 pilzkrank, davon 22 durch T. mentagrophytes, 20 durch T. verrucosum. Von 180 Kühen waren 8 pilzbefalien, sämtlich durch T. mentagrophytes. Von 2 kranken Bullen wurde T. verrucosum isoliert. Auch die 3 Pferde und 2 Maultiere der Farm waren pilzinfiziert; Erreger war in diesen Fällen T. equinum. Auch ein Kalb war von T. equinum befallen. Die gleiche Pilzart wurde ferner von 3 Tierpflegern isoliert, die Pilzherde am Hals und an den Armen aufwiesen.     

Statistical challenges in preprocessing in microarray experiments in cancer

Many clinical studies incorporate genomic experiments to investigate the potential associations between high-dimensional molecular data and clinical outcome. A critical first step in the statistical analyses of these experiments is that the molecular data are preprocessed. This article provides an overview of preprocessing methods, including summary algorithms and quality control metrics for microarrays. Some of the ramifications and effects that preprocessing methods have on the statistical results are illustrated. The discussions are centered around a microarray experiment based on lung cancer tumor samples with survival as the clinical outcome of interest. The procedures that are presented focus on the array platform used in this study. However, many of these issues are more general and are applicable to other instruments for genome-wide investigation. The discussions here will provide insight into the statistical challenges in preprocessing microarrays used in clinical studies of cancer. These challenges should not be viewed as inconsequential nuisances but rather as important issues that need to be addressed so that informed conclusions can be drawn.     

Trends in zygomycosis in children

Zygomycosis, or mucormycosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Studies in adults have shown an increase in the incidence of zygomycosis, particularly among haemtopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and patients with haematologic malignancies. There is a paucity of data on the epidemiology of zygomycosis in children. We performed a retrospective analysis to describe trends in zygomycosis between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2010. We used the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database to identify paediatric patients who were diagnosed with zygomycosis during the study period. Administrative data on diagnoses, demographics, underlying conditions and clinical experiences were collected. Summary statistics were calculated and tests for trend were conducted. We identified 156 unique patients with zygomycosis. The prevalence of zygomycosis did not significantly increase over time (P=0.284). The most common underlying condition was malignancy (58%) and over half received intensive care. Voriconazole utilisation among all hospitalised children significantly increased during the period (P=0.010). Our study demonstrates that the incidence of zygomycosis is not significantly increasing. During the time period there was a significant increase in the use of voriconazole among children.     

Dermatomycosis in Goats in India

Summary: In an extensive survey involving 2176 goats 1.56% of goats manifested clinical lesions of ringworm infection. Animals below the age of 6 months were affected most (4.20%). The incidence of infection was higher during the winter months. T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum were isolated from the skin scrapings of 12, 4, and 2 goats respectively. It is suggested that the infected animals could be a source of disease to human population in which the zoophilic dermatophyte invasion is characterized by severe inflammatory lesions of the skin. The zoonotic importance of different dermatophytes is stressed.
Zusammenfassung: In einer ausgedehnten Untersuchung an 2176 Ziegen wurden bei 1,56% klinische Zeichen einer Hautmykose festgestellt. Tiere, die jühger als 6 Monate alt waren, zeigten mit 4,20% am häfigsten Krankheitssymptome. In den Wintermonaten war die Erkrankungshäufigkeit am gröBten. T. vermcosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum wurden jeweils von 12,4 bzw. 2 Ziegen isoliert. Die inflzierten Tiere köinnen eine Infektionsquelle für die menschliche Bevölkerung darstellen und dort Mykosen mit stark entzündlichen Veränderungen auslösen. Die Bedeutung verschiedener Dermatophyten als Erreger von Zoonosen wird hervorgehoben.     

Hemoglobin in lymphogranulomatosis in children

The peculiarities of hemoglobin content and properties in lymphogranulomatosis were studied in children by different methods. In most patients the content of fetal hemoglobin and methhemoglobin was found to increase and the rate of ferricyanide oxidation of hemoglobin also increases. Simultaneously, the rate of non-homogenicity of basic hemoglobin fractions was observed to increase on account of immunologically different components.     

Sex hormones in women in rural China and in Britain

Plasma concentrations of certain hormones linked to breast cancer risk were measured in age-pooled samples from 3,250 rural Chinese women in 65 counties, and 300 British women, all aged 35-64. In age-groups 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 respectively, mean oestradiol concentrations were 36% (P = 0.043), 90% (P less than 0.001) and 171% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women, and mean testosterone concentrations were 48% (P less than 0.001), 68% (P less than 0.001) and 53% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women. The difference in testosterone concentrations between the two countries appeared to be due largely to the lower average body weight in the Chinese women. Sex hormone binding globulin did not differ significantly between the two countries in age groups 35-44 and 45-54, but was 15% (P = 0.002) lower in the British than in the Chinese women at ages 55-64. Prolactin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two countries in any age group.