Vaccination with LetiFend® reduces circulating immune complexes in dogs experimentally infected with L. infantum

Domestic dogs constitute the main reservoir of Leishmania infantum and play a key role in transmission to humans. The main tool for controlling infection spread is a safe and effective vaccine, as successful immunization of dogs could significantly reduce the incidence of human visceral leishmaniosis (VL) and is the most cost-effective control strategy.The factors that determine disease progression in canine leishmaniosis (CanL) remain poorly understood, though a previous study in naturally infected dogs has demonstrated a clear relationship between the presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in the blood and disease progression. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare CIC levels in serum samples from dogs vaccinated or unvaccinated with LetiFend®, a new vaccine containing recombinant Protein Q, and experimentally infected with L. infantum.CIC were isolated from vaccinated or unvaccinated dogs after experimental infection with L. infantum and their levels measured by ELISA. Furthermore, reverse phase-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RP-LC-MS/MS) analysis was used to investigate the protein composition of precipitated CIC.At all the time points analyzed after infection, the amount of CIC was lower in the vaccinated group compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, there were differences in the protein composition of precipitated CIC between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups.In conclusion, administration of LetiFend® was able to reduce CIC elicited after experimental infection with L. infantum in a dog model in a process that may be related to complement system activation.     

支原体肺炎血清循环免疫复合物检测结果分析

目的:通过动物实验和临床分析,从组织病理学、免疫学角度初步探讨肺炎支原体(MP)感染时血清循环免疫复合物(CIC)水平的改变及其在支原体肺炎(MPP)及肺外损伤发病机制中的作用。方法:动物实验部分,用MP菌株滴鼻建立小鼠MPP动物模型,将小鼠随机分为低剂量感染组、高剂量感染组和正常对照组,综合肺匀浆病原学检测及肺组织病理改变结果鉴定模型,动态监测各组小鼠心、肝、肾、脑等各脏器病理改变及聚乙二醇沉淀试验法检测血清CIC;临床调查部分,统计临床资料,将患儿分为单纯MPP组、合并肺外表现组、健康对照组,检测MPP急性期、恢复期血清CIC。结果:①动物实验方面,MP感染后高剂量感染组小鼠血清CIC明显增高,肺炎病理改变最重及有肺外表现时CIC最高。②临床调查方面,MPP患儿急性期血清CIC与健康对照组比较明显增高,合并肺外表现患儿与单纯MPP患儿肺炎急性期血清CIC比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:血清CIC可能在MPP肺外表现发生体液免疫机制中起到重要作用,MPP有自限性。     

Characterization of Keterah orthonairovirus and evaluation of therapeutic candidates against Keterah orthonairovirus infectious disease

The species Keterah orthonairovirus is a member of the genus Orthonairovirus. Few studies have focused on this species, and there remains no treatment for Issyk-Kul fever, an infectious disease caused by a Keterah orthonairovirus. This study was performed to characterize this species using two viruses, Issyk-Kul virus (ISKV) and Soft tick bunyavirus (STBV), in cell culture and type I interferon receptor knockout (IFNAR-/-) mice and to evaluate the efficacy of serum transfusion using a mouse model of ISKV infection. The two viruses replicated in many kinds of mammal- and tick-derived cell lines but showed few different characteristics in tropism and antigenicity against anti-viral sera in cell culture. Neither virus caused clinical signs in wild-type mice, but both caused lethal infection in IFNAR-/- mice. ISKV caused more acute death than STBV in IFNAR-/- mice. In both viral infections in IFNAR-/- mice, macroscopic abnormalities were prominent in the liver. Similar levels of viral genome between ISKV- and STBV-infected IFNAR-/- mice were observed in blood, liver, lymphoid tissues and adrenal gland at moribund stages. Hematologic abnormalities in IFNAR-/- mice infected with these viruses, including leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and biochemical abnormalities indicating liver damage were prominent. In addition, blood levels of many kinds of cytokines and chemokines such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were elevated. ISKV-immunized serum transfusion after infection delayed the time to death of IFNAR-/- mice. Thus, the present study showed that the species Keterah orthonairovirus could proliferate in most mammal-derived cell lines and cause severe liver lesions and death in IFNAR-/- mice and that serum transfusion might be effective in treatment against Issyk-Kul fever.     

原发性肝癌患者乙肝病毒感染模式及其与甲胎蛋白和肝功能的关系

目的 探讨原发性肝癌（primary hepatocellular carcinoma,PHC）患者乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）感染模式与血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）及肝功能检查的关系.方法 采用化学发光免疫分析和ELISA法及用速率法生化分析分别检测116例PHC患者.进行了甲胎蛋白、乙型肝炎病毒五项标志物及肝功能总胆红素（TBILI）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）血清检测.结果 116例PHC患者HBV总感染率为97.4%（113/116）.HBsAg阴性为8.62%（10/116）.PHC患者HBV血清标志物感染模式,以HBsAg、抗-HBe和抗HBc阳性模式（小三阳）感染类型最多.表明该模式的乙肝患者为原发性肝癌的高危人群.只有3例（2.6%）PHC无HBV感染标记.116例PHC患者AFP测定有29例（25.0%）结果阴性,87例测定结果阳性,阳性率达75.0%.116例PHC患者全部病例均行肝功能检查,原发性肝癌患者肝功能异常者有较高的发生率.肝功能损害各个指标浓度呈不同程度的增高.结论 HBV与PHC之间的关系非常明确,HBV感染不仅是肝癌发生的一个重要的危险因素,而且表明肝癌病人常伴有HBV的复制活跃.提示仍有25.0%PHC患者血清AFP检测结果呈阴性而易被漏诊.约有50%原发性肝癌患者肝功能损害.因此,积极预防和控制HBV感染流行,恰当治疗、保肝和护肝措施,是减少原发性肝癌发生的关键所在.     

上海地区638例输血后丙型肝炎病毒感染者的临床分析

目的 分析输血后丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染者的临床特征.方法 采用PCR检测HCVRNA载量,ELISA检测抗-HCV,分析输血后HCV感染者的年龄、原发病因、暴露年份、输血成分与输血量、潜伏期、肝功能损害和腹部超声图像改变等.结果 578例感染者中有525例(90.8%)HCV RNA载量≥3.0 log10 copy/ml(M=6.10 log10 copy/ml),其中19.2%病例为3.0～4.0log10 copy/ml、66.1%为5.0～6.0 log10 copy/ml,仅14.7%病例≥7.0log10 copy/ml.HCV RNA定性阳性率为81.5%(44/54),HCV基因型主要为1型,抗-HCV阳性率达99.8%(636/637),其阳性敏感率高于HCV RNA定量和定性检测(均为P=0.000).输血后HCV感染以40～60岁年龄段多见,85.7%病例的暴露时间为1990-1994年,10%以上的感染者中基础疾病为妇产科、骨科疾病和胃肠道出血,79.9%的病例为输入全血者,输血至临床诊断时间平均(8.5±5.5)年;90.1%感染者有肝功能损害,多数病例血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)升高水平≤5×ULN,而血清总胆红素升高、ALT和天冬氨酸氨基转氨酶≥5×ULN水平者临床表现较多(P值分别为0.000、0.001和0.009);8.9%感染者腹部超声显示有肝硬化改变,但多见于感染期＞5年者.结论 输血后HCV感染主要集中于1990-1994年,成年人患病率较高,常伴有肝功能损害,感染期＞5年者肝硬化发生率较高,HCV基因型主要为1型,血清HCV RNA载量多为中等水平.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate me clinical-epidemiologic characteristics of patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection by post blood transfusion.Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and enzynle linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to detect HCV RNA and anti.HCV,respectively.Analysis was performed on patients'age distribution,cause of primary diseases,years ofexposure,ingredient and amount of transfusion,incubation period,disorder on liver function and changes on abdominal ultrasound image,etc.Results HCV RNA levels were higher than 3.0log10 copy/ml in 90.8%infected patients、with a median as 6.10 log10 copy/ml.19.2%of the patients showed viral load 3.0 to 4.0 iog10 copy/ml,and 66.1%of them showed 5.0 to 6.0 log10 copy/ml.Only 14.7%of the infected persons had HCV RNA levels higher than 7.0 log10 copy/ml.Eighty-one point five percent(44/54)of the infected persons were confirmed as HCV RNA positive by HCV RNA qualitative analysis with HCV genotype as primarily type 1.99.8%(636/637)of the pmients were detected as anti-HCV positive by serological test.The sensitivity of serological test was higher than both quantitative and qualitative HCV RNA assays(P=0.000,P=0.000,respectively).HCV infection post blood transfusion was more seen in common people at 40 to 60 years old Most cases(85.7%)had their first exposure during 1990 to 1994.More than 10% of the cases had primary diseases aS obstetrics,orthopedics or gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage.79.9%of the patients received whole blood product transfusion.The mean interval between transfusion and clinical diagnosis was 8.5±5.5 years.90.1%of the infected patients had liver function damage,while most of them showed elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)no more than 5 upper limits of normal(ULN).wheteas Serum total bilirubin(TBIL).ALT and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)≥5×ULN level were showing more clinicaI manifestations(P=0.000.P=0.001,P=0.009,respectively).Abdominal ultrasound among 8.9%of the infected persons showed changes in cirrhosis,and most of them werc older than 50years of age.Conclusion Most of the post transfusion HCV infected cases happened in adulthood,and were mainly exposed during 1990 to 1994.Infected pmients usually had their liver function damaged with elevated ALT no more than 5×ULN and with medium HCV RNA levels.HCV genotype was mainly for type 1.Patients who weTe ofolder age showed higher incidence ofcirrhosis.If a patients'infection period Was longer than 5 years,he/she would show higher incidence of cirrhosis.     

深圳市SEN病毒D和H亚型感染的检测与分析

目的　了解深圳市一种新的单链DNA病毒 (SENV)的感染流行状况。方法　以SENV读码框架 1区 (ORF1)核苷酸序列设计引物建立巢式聚合酶链反应 (nPCR)方法。采用多重nPCR对6 0 1份来自不同人群血标本进行SENV DNA(D和H亚型 )检测 ,并对所分离的病毒部分基因进行克隆后测序分析。结果　在乙型肝炎患者、丙型肝炎患者、血液透析患者和吸毒人群SENVDNA阳性率分别为 2 7.8%、2 2 .2 %、2 6 .9%和 39.3% ;在献血人群中 ,体检不合格献血者和丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT)异常升高献血者SENV阳性率分别为 2 8.1%和 31.3% ,均明显高于体检合格的献血者人群 (15 .1% )的感染率(χ2 =8.2 9,P <0 .0 1和χ2 =6 .0 3,P <0 .0 1)。 6例来自不同人群的SENV D亚型分离株部分核苷酸序列与标准株变异 <6 .8% ;4例来自不同人群SENV H亚型分离株部分核苷酸序列与标准株核苷酸最大变异为 13.5 %。结论　在深圳市高危人群 (献血和吸毒人群及肝炎患者等 )中SENV感染均广泛存在     

The specific IgM response to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: interpretation and application to early diagnosis

Specific IgM antibody production in patients with serologically proven Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by the complement fixation (CF) test was studied using a mu-capture ELISA. Sera from 79% of patients were found to be IgM positive. Patients could be divided into two groups relating to the amount of specific antibody produced. High levels of specific IgM (greater than or equal to 10 units) were more commonly found in younger patients. Seventy-six per cent of patients under the age of 20 produced relatively high levels of IgM compared to 35% of patients over the age of 20. In contrast, the number of patients who produced low or undetectable levels of IgM (less than 10 units) was found to increase with age. This trend was found to be significant which suggests that low or undetectable levels of IgM may be due to reinfection with M. pneumoniae. Specific IgM was found to appear in the serum at approximately 7 days after the onset of symptoms, peaking at between 10 and 30 days, and then falling to undetectable levels at an estimated 12-26 weeks post onset of symptoms. Twenty-eight per cent of acute-phase sera (CF titres less than 256) from patients whose sera subsequently showed a fourfold or greater rise in M. pneumoniae CF antibody titre were IgM positive. Thus using mu-capture ELISA a diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection may often be made more rapidly than by the complement fixation test.     

Functional and ultrastructural changes of platelets in malarial infection

This paper describes changes in the circulating platelets of 25 patients with acute malaria within 2 to 6 days of onset of illness. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 10 out of 15 patients with Plasmodium falciparum infection, and in 4 out of 9 patients with P. vivax infection. One patient with a mixed infection of both species had a disseminated intravascular coagulation. Platelet antibody was detected in the sera of 8 out of 11 cases by the complement lysis inhibition technique and indirect immunofluorescence. The mean platelet antibody concentrations in the sera of 11 patients and 53 control subjects were 122.70 +/- 80.25 ng/10(7) platelets and 36.69 +/- 18.72 ng/10(7) platelets, respectively. An inverse relationship between the platelet count and platelet antibody levels in serum supported the view that thrombocytopenia in malaria may be partly immune-mediated. Platelet aggregation responses to agonists such as ADP, adrenaline, collagen and ristocetin revealed hyperactivity. Ultrastructural study of unstimulated platelets from patients revealed several changes such as centralization of dense granules, glycogen depletion, and formation of pseudopods and microaggregates, indicating in vivo activation of the platelets, which may also lead to thrombocytopenia.     

A quick method of demonstrating bacillaemia in patients with lepromatous leprosy and ultrastructural studies of the circulating acid-fast bacilli

While studying circulating immune complexes (CIC) in the sera of lepromatous patients by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation technique, we found (by light microscopy) abundant acid-fast bacilli (AFB), morphologically similar to those seen in slit skin smear preparations from these patients, precipitated with the PEG precipitated materials. Both solid and non-solid AFB could be readily identified. Ultrastructures of these AFB in the PEG aggregates showed some similarity with those detected in the PEG precipitates prepared from armadillo-derived lepromin under identical conditions. The most striking difference between the AFB in the test sera and that in the armadillo-derived lepromin was the absence of any transverse band in the former. This suggested that the AFB in the patients' circulation were not in division stage. Furthermore, electron-dense material were deposited on the AFB co-precipitated from the patients' sera, which were not found on the AFB co-precipitated from the armadillo-derived lepromin.     

TT virus among blood donors in Alexandria

TTV is a non enveloped, single-stranded, circular- DNA virus that has been assigned to the Family Circiniviridae. The primary mode of TTV transmission was proposed to be transfusion (and hence its name). Little is known about the clinical significance and the natural history of TTV infection. Hence, responsibility of the virus for specific liver disease is still debated. In our study, we tested ninety five blood donors attending Kom EL-Decka regional blood bank in Alexandria for the presence of TTV DNA in their sera by PCR technique. The same samples were tested for ALT and AST levels by colorimetric technique and for HBsAg and anti-HCV by the ELISA technique. Out of the 95 blood donors, 46 (48.4%) had TTV DNA in their sera. None of the 95 blood donors included in this study was positive for HBsAg, while 22 (23.2%) were anti-HCV positive. Out of the 22 anti-HCV positive blood donors, 13 (59.1%) were TTV DNA positive, while out of the 73 anti-HCV negative blood donors, 33 (45.2%) had TTV DNA in their sera. There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of TTV DNA and anti-HCV in blood donors. No biochemical evidence of liver disease potentially linked to the TTV infection was observed in our blood donors who were TTV DNA positive. Furthermore, the occurrence of elevated serum AST and ALT was most often linked to HCV rather than TTV.     

Determination of trace elements in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major liver disease worldwide and its clinical manifestations are linked to immune response. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between selenium, copper, and zinc in comparison with transaminase level in chronic HBV patients. Serum samples of the HBV infected patients were obtained from Tooba medical center, Sari, Iran. Sixty patients were enrolled in this study (36 men and 24 women), mean age: 39.6 ± 12.2 years. The concentration of zinc, selenium, copper and transaminases were determined using an autoanalyzer system. Concentrations of selenium (0.273 ± 0.056 μg/dl) and zinc (2.1 ± 0.037) was elevated in patients with low transaminase levels as were significantly different in comparison with patients with high transaminase level (P<0.05). Serum copper concentration was similar in two groups of patients. Elevated levels of transaminase concentrations were independently associated with low zinc and selenium concentrations in chronic HBV patients. It is concluded that serum zinc and selenium levels are associated with less hepatic damage in chronic HBV patients and might have a protective role during liver injury.     

儿童青少年Graves病及肝功能损害的临床特点

目的探讨儿童和青少年甲状腺机能亢进症（hyperthyroidism，HT）肝功能损害及其相关因素。方法对未经治疗119例儿童和青少年毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿（Graves）患者分别采用化学发光免疫分析法检测FT3、VF4、s-TSH和放射免疫法测定CG血清。用速率生化分析法检测肝功能谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、谷草转氨酶（AST）及总胆红素（TB）血清，并排除肝脏本身病变所致肝功能异常。结果儿童和青少年Graves病临床表现与成人相仿。119例儿童和青少年Graves患者合并肝功能损害35例为29．4％，儿童组肝功能损害9例为7．6％，青少年组肝功能损害26例为21．8％。甲亢性肝损害与年龄密切相关，两组年龄差异有显著意义（P＜0．01），与性别无关（P＞0．05）。肝功能指标为成人不同以ALP异常为85．7％（30／35），其次ALT为71．4％（25／35），AST及TB为54．3％（19／35）异常，甘胆酸（CG）明显增高为94．3％（33／35），35例甲亢性肝功能损害患者血清FT3及FT4测定明显高于无肝功能损害患者（P＜0．05），而血清s—TSH则明显差异比无肝损害者低（P＜0．01）。结论儿童和青少年甲亢随年龄增长，发病率逐渐增加，治疗前易致肝损害，肝损害异常指标是以碱性磷酸酶增高，甲亢性肝功能损害发生率与甲状腺激素水平和年龄密切相关。     

Hepatitis C virus transmission in family members of Egyptian patients with HCV related chronic liver disease

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Egypt has become a major public health problem. In the present study, sexual and intrafamilial transmission of HCV infection were assessed in the family members of 200 Egyptian patients (index patients) with HCV-RNA positive and biopsy ascertained chronic hepatitis C. Index patients were 139 men (mean age 55+/-11 years) and 61 women (mean age 48+/-8 years). Family members consisted of 200 spouses; 139 women (mean age 45+/-12 years) and 61 men (mean age 58+/-9 years); and 355 children (183 males and 172 females, mean age 11.8+/-10 years). All the family members were tested for the presence of antibodies to HCV in their sera. Thereafter, HCV-RNA detection by PCR and HCV serotype determination were performed in antibody positive contacts. Hepatitis C virus antibodies were detected in 28 (14%) spouses, all of them were also positive for HCV-RNA. Hepatitis C virus serotypes were identical in HCV seropositive patient-spouse pairs (Serotype 4). None of the 355 children involved in this study showed HCV antibodies in their sera. No significant difference was found between the prevalence of male-to-female and female-to-male transmission of HCV. A highly significant association was found between both the age of the spouse and the duration of marriage to index patient and HCV seropositivity in spouses. Moreover, HCV seropositivity in spouses was significantly related to increased serum ALT and HCV-RNA levels, histological severity of chronic hepatitis C and to a history of dental care, as a risk factor for HCV acquisition, in index patients. It was concluded that spouses of patients with HCV viremia and chronic liver disease have an increased risk for acquiring HCV, while intrafamilial acquisition of HCV in non sexual contacts seems to be rare. The authors suggest that spouses of HCV viraemic patients should be followed routinely for markers of HCV infection and liver disease.     

血清中巨噬细胞移动抑制因子表达与大肠癌的分期及淋巴结转移相关性研究

目的研究大肠癌患者血清中巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）表达水平与临床特征的关系。方法利用酶联免疫吸附的方法（ELISA）检测75例大肠癌患者（35例原发性大肠癌及40例有淋巴结转移的大肠癌）及40例非癌对照人群血清中MIF的表达水平,探讨MIF与临床特征的关系。结果与正常人群血清中MIF表达水平相比（平均值13．6ng／ml）,大肠癌患者血清中MIF表达水平明显增高（平均值31．2ng／ml）,且表达水平增高与临床进展分期（P〈0．05）及淋巴结转移相关（P〈O．05）。结论MIF在血清中表达增高可能促进了大肠癌的发病过程,并与大肠癌的分期及淋巴结转移密切相关。     

孕晚期GBS感染不良妊娠结局影响因素及IL-8水平

目的探讨孕晚期B族链球菌(GBS)感染血清降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平与妊娠结局的关系。方法选取2018年6月-2019年12月在杭州师范大学附属医院进行孕晚期(35~37周)GBS感染筛查的726例孕妇为研究对象,收集孕妇临床资料进行分析,统计GBS感染情况,比较GBS感染与未感染及不同GBS感染分级孕妇血清PCT、IL-8水平差异,单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析GBS感染孕妇不良妊娠结局的危险因素。结果 726例孕晚期女性中,GBS感染者占11.85%;GBS感染者年龄≥35岁、妊娠期糖尿病所占比例显著高于未感染者(P<0.05);孕晚期GBS感染者血清PCT、IL-8水平均高于未感染者(P<0.05),并随着GBS感染程度加重血清PCT、IL-8水平逐渐升高(P<0.05);孕晚期GBS感染者不良妊娠结局发生率显著高于未感染者(P<0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁、血清PCT、IL-8水平升高是孕晚期GBS感染者不良妊娠结局发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论孕晚期GBS感染者血清PCT、IL-8水平显著升高,其也是不良妊娠结局发生的独立危险因素,血清PCT、IL-8进行联合检测对孕晚期GBS感染者不良妊娠结局具有较好的预测价值,可为临床早期诊疗提供参考依据。     

UTI patients have pre-existing antigen-specific antibody titers against UTI vaccine antigens

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is most frequently caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Our laboratory has been developing an experimental vaccine targeting four UPEC outer membrane receptors involved in iron acquisition – IreA, FyuA, IutA, and Hma – to elicit protection against UTI. These vaccine targets are all expressed in humans during UTI. In the murine model, high titers of antigen-specific serum IgG or bladder IgA correlate with protection against transurethral challenge with UPEC. Our aim was to measure levels of pre-existing serum antibodies to UTI vaccine antigens in our target population. To accomplish this, we obtained sera from 64 consenting female patients attending a clinic for symptoms of cystitis. As a control, we also collected sera from 20 healthy adult male donors with no history of UTI. Total IgG and antigen-specific IgG titers were measured by ELISA. Of the 64 female patients, 29 had significant bacteriuria (>10⁴ cfu/ml urine) and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Thirty-five patients had non-significant bacteriuria (<10⁴ cfu/ml). Antigen-specific IgG titers did not correlate with the presence or absence of the gene encoding the antigen in the infecting strain (when present), but rather titers were proportional to prevalence of genes encoding antigens among representative collections of UPEC isolates. Surprisingly, we obtained similar results when sera from healthy male patients without history of UTI were tested. Thus, unvaccinated adults have non-protective levels of pre-existing antibodies to UTI vaccine antigens, establishing an important baseline for our target population. This suggests that a UTI vaccine would need to boost pre-existing humoral responses beyond these background levels to protect from infection.     

FBG、PCT及IL-10在开颅术后颅内感染患者中的表达及意义

目的探讨纤维蛋白原(Fibrinogen,FBG)、降钙素原(Procalcitonin,PCT)及白细胞介素-10(Interleukin-10,IL-10)在开颅术后颅内感染患者中的表达及意义。方法选取衡水市人民医院2018年1月-2019年3月收治的需行开颅手术治疗的患者200例作为研究对象,以是否发生颅内感染为标准分为感染组(n=56)及非感染组(n=144)。分析感染组患者病原菌分布,比较两组患者及不同病程感染患者FBG、IL-10及PCT水平。结果感染组患者手术时间、术后脑脊液漏的发生及引流管放置与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。200例患者发生颅内感染且脑脊液细菌培养为阳性的病例56例,感染发生率为28.00%。56例感染患者脑脊液培养共分离病原菌64株,其中革兰阴性菌35株占54.69%,以铜绿假单胞菌为主,革兰阳性菌26株占40.63%,以金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌为主,真菌3株占4.69%,均为假丝酵母菌。感染组患者血液以及脑脊液FBG、IL-10及PCT水平均高于非感染组(P<0.05)。56例感染患者34例病程<3 d,22例病程>3 d,随着病程延长,患者血液与脑脊液FBG、IL-10及PCT水平均升高(P<0.05)。结论开颅术后颅内感染病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主,患者FBG、IL-10及PCT水平均升高,且与病情进展密切相关,可作为开颅术后颅内感染诊断指标。     

The combined IGG, IGM and IGA peroxidase conjugate can facilitate determination of immune complexes by CIF-ELISA and anti-C3 ELISA.

To determine the levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in normal and patients sera, CIF-ELISA and anti-C3 ELISA were performed. Immune complexes containing different antibody isotypes were detected simultaneously by the combined anti human IgG, IgM and IgA peroxidase conjugate as detecting antibody. The results obtained confirm the higher CIF-ELISA sensitivity, specificity and reproductivity compared to anti-C3 ELISA and provide good evidence to justify the use of CIF-ELISA as a screening test for CIC assessment.     

HBsAg低值弱阳性临床意义探讨

目的探讨乙型肝炎(乙肝)表面抗原(HBsAg)弱阳性患者乙肝免疫学标志谱型及其临床意义。方法对用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测出的80例HBsAg弱阳性患者的标本行常规乙肝免疫学标志(两对半)及抗HBc IgM检测,并用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测HBV DNA及循环免疫复合物(CIC)。设95例健康体检者为对照组。结果乙肝两对半及抗HBc IgM表现有4种谱型;PCR检测HBV DNA 5例(6.20%)患者阳性,27例(33.75%)CIC阳性,肝功能均正常。80例中有6例(7.50%)为肝癌患者。结论HBsAg弱阳性一般情况下不具严重致病性,但在原发病被激发或重叠其他病毒感染时,可导致病情加重,甚至癌变。     

肝硬化患者血浆氨基末端B型尿钠肽前体水平变化及其临床意义

目的 观察肝硬化患者血浆氨基末端B型尿钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平,并探讨其临床意义.方法 测定60例肝硬化患者和30例健康对照者的血浆NT-pmBNP水平及相关的临床生化参数,对肝硬化患者进行Child-Pugh分级;同时应用彩色多普勒检测心脏的结构和功能.结果肝硬化患者血浆NT-proBNP水平为(38.63±36.05)pmol/L,明显高于健康对照者的(7.50±8.25)pmol/L,P<0.01.不同肝功能分级和腹水量患者血浆NT-proBNP水平差异无统计学意义.肝硬化患者E/A均<1,E峰减速时间(EDT)延长[(189.2±25.0)ms],与健康对照者的(163.3±32.0)ms比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0/05).结论 肝硬化患者心脏舒张功能异常.肝硬化患者血浆NT-proBNP水平升高可能提示早期的心功能损害,其改变与肝功能和腹水无关.