光量子血液平衡治疗对老年病人血液流变学及甲襞微循环的影响

目的用光量子血液平衡疗法治疗老年病人观察其对血液流学及甲襞微循环影响作用。方法100例血液流变学及甲襞微循环均异常的住院老年病人 (65岁以上 ) ,随机分为对照组与治疗组各50例 ,对照组与治疗组的病人在年龄、性别、基础疾病等情况相匹配。在常规治疗疾病的基础上 ,对照组使用血栓通治疗 ,治疗组则加用光量子血液平衡治疗。治疗前后进行甲襞微循环检查及血液流变学检查 ,检查结果进行统计学处理。结果两组治疗前血液流变学及甲襞微循环的比较 ,无差异性 (P>0.05) ,对照组治疗前后血液流变学及甲襞微循环的变化均有差异性 (P<0.05) ,治疗组治疗前后血液流变学及甲襞微循环的变化均有非常显著性差异 (P<0.01) ,而治疗组与对照组治疗后的比较 ,血液流变学及甲襞微循环的变化变亦有显著性差异 (P<0.05)。两组治疗后均未出现明显的毒副反应。结论光量子血液平衡治疗对改善微循环、降低血黏度的作用比血栓通更明显 ,这是任何药物治疗都难以达到的治疗效果。     

血管性帕金森综合征患者的甲襞微循环与血液流变学研究

目的探讨血管性帕金森综合征患者的甲襞微循环与血液流变学的改变。方法分别对32例血管性帕金森综合征患者 ,28例帕金森病患者和30例健康老年人进行甲襞微循环与血液流变学检测。结果血管性帕金森综合征患者甲襞微循环中清晰度降低、输入枝变细、交叉畸形增多、血流缓慢 ,总积分值明显高于其他两组 (P<0.05,P<0.01),血液流变学各项指标除红细胞压积外均显著高于其他两组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论血管性帕金森综合征患者存在微循环障碍以及血液流变学异常 ,甲襞微循环和血液流变学检测对帕金森病的诊治和预后判断有一定的指导意义 ,应用改善血液循环治疗方法具有积极意义。     

脑血管性疾病血液流变学与甲襞微循环测定分析

目的探讨脑血管性疾病血液流变性与甲襞微循环的改变。方法血液流变采用LBY -N6A自动清洗旋转式血液粘度计 ,甲襞微循环采用WX -9型多部位微循环仪 ,检测149例脑血管性疾病血液流变学指标与50例正常组对照。结果脑血管性疾病中各组血液流变学指标和微循环指标与正常组对照都有一项或多项存在显著性差异 (P<0.05～P<0.01) ,甲襞微循环形态、流态、周围状态都有明显改变。结论脑血管性疾病患者血液流变学有明显高粘倾向 ,红细胞聚集性增高 ,管径增粗 ,血流缓慢 ,而易导致微循环障碍     

糖尿病肾病患者的血液流变学及甲襞微循环改变

目的探讨糖尿病肾病患者的血液流变学及甲襞微循环变化与临床意义。方法分别对糖尿病肾病组 ,糖尿病组 ,健康人组进行了高低切变率下全血比粘度 ,血浆比粘度 ,红细胞压积 ,红细胞电泳时间及甲襞微循环的检测。结果糖尿病肾病组的血液流变学各项指标均显著增高 ,主要表现在全血比粘度 (低切变率 ) ,血浆比粘度 ,红细胞压积 (P<0.01)。甲襞微循环主要表现在管襻及流速异常 (P<0.01～0.05)。结论糖尿病肾病患者存在着高粘血症及微循环障碍 ,因而 ,采用抗凝活血化瘀治疗 ,对糖尿病肾病患者具有积极意义。     

肺心病伴肺感染患者治疗前后血流变学及甲襞微循环的变化

目的探讨血流变学和甲襞微循环在肺心病伴肺部感染患者治疗前后的变化。方法对36例患者在治疗前及治疗后两周进行血流变学和甲襞微循环检查。结果血液流变学和甲襞微循环各项指标在治疗前均有不同程度升高 ,治疗后均能下降至正常水平 ,差异显著(P<0.01)。结论肺心病伴肺感染患者经控制感染和综合治疗 ,配合降粘和改善微循环治疗效果更佳     

慢性乙型肝炎甲襞微循环的变化

作者应用XG—7型多部位微循环显微镜系统研究了112例慢性乙型肝炎的甲襞微循环变化及其与血液流变学变比的关系,并与正常组50例对照分析,发现慢性肝炎的甲襞微循环血管形态和流态郎有显著的异常改变(P<0.01或P<0.05),慢活肝血液流变学变化与正常值比较也有显著统计学意义。认为该检查可作为慢性肝炎病情判断和治疗评价的重要指标,用来指导慢性肝炎的临床治疗。     

067 甲襞微循环异常与糖尿病慢性并发症的关系分析

目的: 探讨甲襞微循环障碍与糖尿病慢性并发病的关系. 方法: 选200例住院Ⅱ型糖尿病病人(单纯糖尿病100例, 有慢性并发症100例)进行了甲襞微循环检查. 结果: 单纯糖尿病组的甲襞微循环的管袢清晰度、管袢形态、红细胞聚集程度及血液流态均比有慢性并发症糖尿病组好, 二组比较有显著差异(P<0.01或0.05). 结论: 单纯糖尿病组的微循环障碍比有慢性并发症糖尿病组轻. 甲襞微循环检查可作为预测糖尿病慢性并发症的一种指标. 袢周清晰度、血流状态、红细胞聚集情况是反映微循环障碍程度的基础. 一旦发现糖尿病人微循环中度障碍, 应进行活血化瘀及改善微循环治疗.     

脉络宁对异常血流变和微循环的改善作用

目的观察脉络宁对异常血液流变学和甲襞微循环障碍的改善作用。方法采用脉络宁注射液 ２０ｍｌ加入 ５％葡萄糖液或生理盐水２５０～５００ｍｌ中静脉滴注,卫日１次,１４天为１疗程。治疗１２０例,其中脑动脉硬化患者５５例、脑梗塞２５例、冠心病２２例、糖尿病１８例。观察治疗前后血液流变学指标和甲襞微循环积分值的变化。结果血液流变学指标和甲襞微循环积分值治疗前后有显著差异,以全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞电泳、体外血栓形成及甲襞微循环血液流态改善明显。结论脉络宁具有降低血液粘滞性、纤维蛋白原含量、提高纤溶活性、改善微循环等作用,从而改善患者的临床症状,控制病情的发生和发展。所以脉络宁是值得推广的改善血液流变学异常和微循环障碍的安全有效药物。     

高氧液对急性脑梗死患者甲襞微循环及血液流变学的影响

目的探讨高氧液对脑梗死患者甲襞微循环及血液流变学的影响,评价高氧液对脑梗死的治疗作用.方法脑梗死患者86例,随机分为常规治疗组(Ⅰ组)和常规治疗+高氧液治疗组(Ⅱ组).治疗前后观察患者的甲襞微循环和血液流变学.结果Ⅰ组治疗前后甲襞微循环和血液流变性改变均具有显著性差异(P0．05)，Ⅱ组治疗前后比较具有非常显著性差异(P<0．01)。Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组治疗前后甲襞微循环及血液流变性改善明显，两组间差异显著(P<0．05)。结论高氧液可以改善脑梗死患者甲襞微循环及血液流变性，高氧液静脉输液给氧是治疗脑梗死安全有效的新方法。     

高血压病左心室肥厚与甲襞微循环及血液流变性的关系研究

目的为探讨高血压病左心室肥厚（LVH）与甲襞微循环及血液流变学的关系。方法为对51例LVH组，45例非LVH组高血压病人和20例正常人组进行了甲襞微循环及血液流变学检查，对LVH组采用培哚普利或培哚普利＋肝素治疗24W前后的甲襞微循环及血液流变性进行观察。结果为LVH组与非LVH组均有不同程度的微循环和血液流变学异常改变，两组比较差异显著（P＜0．05－0．01），与正常对照组比较差异更显著（P＜0．01－0．001）。LVH组中左室重量指数（LVMI）与微循环障碍及血液流变性指标呈正相关；LVH组、非LVH组及正常人组白微栓出现率分别为21．6％、4．4％和0％（P＜0．01）。结论是甲襞微循环及血液流变学改变可作为高血压病LVH病人的诊断、判断病情程度及治疗导向的一项重要指标。     

Patient-specific component requirements: ‘right blood,right patient,right time,right place’

Although transfusion therapy may save the patient's life, it also carries the risk of severe complications and is therefore recommended only when all other forms of treatment have proved ineffective. The decision to transfuse should be preceeded by careful evaluation of the clinical condition of each individual patient and not be based exclusively on laboratory results (e.g. hemoglobin concentration). Whenever possible, only such components should be transfused, the lack of which is responsible for the disease symptoms. Most blood is separated into components prior to transfusion which offers several advantages: i) blood resources are conserved therefore several patients can benefit from one donated unit ii) each component is stored in optimal conditions iii) a specific component can be transfused in large amounts to those who are in need of it. Transfusion medicine in a hospital setting is focused on ensuring that ‘the right blood is given to the right patient in the right time and the right place’.     

输血加热器的研究进展

输血加热器在临床上已广泛使用多年，但由于各类仪器性能不稳定，严重影响患者生命抢救和临床用血的质量。为有利于生物医学工程和医学物理工作者研制更安全、有效的产品，救治患者生命。本文就既往各类输血加热器的原理、作用方法以及相关进展作一综述。     

Building a blood system: the view from Saudi Arabia

Despite the significant advances in the transfusion medicine field, maintaining an adequate and safe blood supply remains challenging for some areas of the world. Data from the World Health Organization reveal that many developing countries continue to have low rates of blood collections per capita, and many suffer from chronic shortage of blood and components. An effective way to improve access to affordable and quality assured blood and blood products, and their appropriate use is through the establishment of an effective, sustainable and appropriately regulated blood system. At the current time, Saudi Arabia continues to operate in an institution‐based model, with a blood collection and processing centre affiliated with almost all individual hospitals. Given the high number of sectors that hospitals belong to, challenges are faced in communication and collaboration among blood centres despite the possibility of being in geographic proximity. Building a national blood system is expected to result in positive outcomes in many aspects, including donor motivation strategies and planning, standardization of policies and processes, and effective utilization of resources and supplies. A hybrid model where motivation efforts, management of financial resources, creation of policies and standards are shared nationally, while blood collection and processing, testing and storage are performed in multiple sites may be the most suitable approach for the country. Steps are being taken towards achieving this goal in the Kingdom.     

Cord blood banking and transplantation

The availability of umbilical cord blood (UCB) as a source of haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for transplantation has met an important niche in the field of HSC transplantation (HSCT) as patients unable to find a HLA-matched sibling or unrelated donor have been able to receive less well-matched UCB transplantation (UCBT) with equivalent outcomes. This has led to significant growth in this field resulting in more than 20 000 unrelated donor UCBTs performed to date with about 3000 more performed annually. Growth of UCBT has been further supported by the proliferation of public cord blood banks throughout the world which store UCB at no cost to the donor, making these available for patients all round the world through global search registries like the US National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), NetCord and the Bone Marrow Donors Worldwide (BMDW). International organizations like the World Marrow Donor Association have also helped to steer these efforts through the formulation and distribution of guidelines and protocols for these cord blood banks and bone marrow registries. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also stepped in to regulate publicly banked UCB as an Investigational New Drug (IND). The key limiting factor in UCBT is in the limited number of cells for transplantation (about 10-fold less than donated bone marrow) resulting in delayed engraftment and even non-engraftment, particularly for adult patients for whom UCB cell doses may be insufficient relative to the patient’s body size. Efforts to overcome this barrier include the use of concurrent infusion of two differing cord blood units in order to raise the cumulative cell dose. Interestingly, this does not lead to mutual rejection of the CBUs, but appears to result in an additive effect on enhancing engraftment. Other efforts to overcome cell dose constraints of cord blood include direct bone marrow injection, use of homing molecules and ex vivo cord blood expansion. Cell dose is also an important consideration for cord blood banking as donated UCB that is collected with cell count <800 million nucleated cells has very low chance of utilization by many transplant centres which demand the best cell doses for their patients. As such, not all UCB collected is banked, although many of the low volume cords can still be reassigned to research. Strategies to increase the number of cells collected from each delivery include the use of ex utero devices which apply suction, perfusion or pressure to delivered placenta and umbilical cord in order to maximize HSC collection. Devices which enhance cell recovery during cord blood processing also help to minimize cell loss. Other strategies which might influence obstetric practice are not advised. As the worldwide experience in UCBT and UCB banking grows, patient outcomes have continued to improve such that UCBT now has a firm place in the HSCT spectrum of care with even greater potential for growth in the years to come. The challenge is for these advances to stay cost-effective so that the majority of patients can still have access to them.     

Regional redistribution of blood in unanesthetized rats after blood loss

Relative changes in local blood volume in 46 vascular regions of the body after moderate and severe blood loss are described. Moderate blood loss caused a redistribution of blood from the skin of the chest and hind limbs, most organs of the abdomen and pelvis, the muscular and bony tissues of the abdomen, pelvis, and limbs to the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach and to the muscles of the head and neck. After severe blood loss the changes were similar but the blood volume in the kidneys and stomach was reduced; a relative increase in the blood volume in the muscular and bony tissues of the thorax also was observed. The intensity of the redistributive response to severe blood loss was less than to a moderate blood loss.Central Research Laboratory, S. M. Kirov Leningrad Postgraduate Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR P. N. Veselkin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 9, pp. 1045–1047, September, 1976.     

母血与脐血血清游离氨基酸谱的比较

本实验取在分娩过程中的50对健康足月妊娠母亲的静脉血与其分娩的胎儿脐带血分别测定其血清中游离氨基酸的浓度,发现:(1)脐血中绝大多数氨基酸的浓度都显著高于母血。(2)分娩中产妇血清游离氨基酸总浓度高于非妊娠育龄妇女。(3)男性胎儿和女性胎儿的脐血氨基酸浓度除胱氨酸以外均无显著性差异。     

2010-2012年广州市无偿献血血液报废情况分析

目的对近年广州市无偿献血血液报废情况进行分析,探讨降低血液报废率的措施,以减少血液浪费。方法收集广州血液中心2010-2012年所有血液采集制备信息和血液报废的信息,使用统计软件进行整理分析。结果共采集制备血液2827955U,报废179794U,报废率为6.35%;感染性不合格血液导致的报废占总报废量的64.79%,是血液报废的主要原因。感染性不合格血液报废率由高到低依次为ALT（2.12%）〉HBV（0.85%）〉梅毒（0.53%）〉HCV（0.49%）〉HIV（0.12%）;非感染性不合格原因的报废占总报废量的35.20%,报废率由高到低依次为乳糜血（1.63%）〉过期血（0.27%）〉血袋破裂和渗漏（0.16%）〉其他（0.08%）〉溶血（0.06%）〉血凝块（0.01%）〉纤维蛋白析出（0.005%）。结论血液报废的主要原因是感染性标志物阳性导致的血液不合格。做好献血前的征询和宣传,进行ALT初筛,加强献血知识普及和献血前注意事项的告知,对降低血液报废率,加强血液安全有重要意义。