数字人体--人体系统数字学总论

本文主要阐述"数字人体--人体系统数字学"提出已来所取得的研究成果和现状.主要内容包括数字人体提出的背景和研究现状;数字人体的概念和研究方法;数字人体原型与模型;数字人体基础理论;数字人体的学科分支;数字人体的核心技术;数字人体空间信息基础设施与数字人体的技术方法;数字人体的标准化建设和数字人体研究示范等.     

数字人体系统的自组织与他组织

笔者主要从数字人体系统的自组织与他组织和两种有序原理对复杂人体系统进行了深刻的描述,为数字人体-人体系统数字学研究提供了理论基础。     

新兴学科的发展——数字人体-人体系统数字学

20 0 3年 9月 7日 - 2 0 0 3年 9月 8日 ,我国第一届“数字人体 人体系统数字学研讨会”在北京中国科学院遥感应用研究所召开。与会的中、外专家就数字人体 人体系统数字数与相关的医学科学、信息科学与生命科学等交叉学科进行了讨论。数字人体 人体系统数字学 ,是由中科院遥感应用研究所首席科学家毕思文研究员 ,经过 6 6 5万多篇国内外文献查新 ,未见与本研究相同的文献报道 ,这是具有原始性创新的课题。数字人体 人体系统数字学 ,是医学科学、信息科学、计算科学、生命科学和计算机技术等学科交叉融合性科学 ,其目的是对人体系统过程定…     

数字人体的微观研究——量子人体

在数字人体-人体系统数字学研究的基础上,为了更深入、更深刻地认识和研究数字人体,笔者从量子层次上提出了数字人体微观研究--量子人体的新概念,主要内容有量子人体的研究方法、量子人体基础理论、量子人体机理模型和量子人体研究领域等,为数字人体的研究提供了理论方法.     

数字人体的自组织理论

笔者主要从人体系统的耗散结构形成的条件、人体系统自组织的状态描述、役使原理和人体系统的自创生、自复制、自生长与自适应等进行了深刻的描述,为数字人体——人体系统数字学研究提供了理论基础。     

数字人体系统的随机网络模型

笔者主要从数字人体系统的整体建模框架、开关网络模型和数字人体系统的开关网络模型行为的理论结果等方面进行了深刻的描述,为数字人体-人体系统数字学研究提供了理论基础。     

数字人体原型--人体系统

笔者首先给出了数字人体原型的概念,然后对数字人体原型--人体系统的分类、层次性;人体系统的演化、稳定性和人体系统的非线性与分岔进行了详细地论述,为深刻认识数字人体的原型和数字人体的研究提供了理论基础和研究思路.     

数字人体——人体系统数字学

21世纪是纳米生物科学技术、生物系统工程技术、信息系统科学技术和生命认知科学技术的时代。数字人体——人体系统数字学是这四大技术的基本理论与实验研究的有机融会与结合。     

数字人体的自动器网络模型与SARS疫情研究

笔者主要从数字人体系统的元胞自动机、数字人体系统的布尔网络、数字人体系统神经网络方法和数字人体的L-系统方法,联系SARS疫情实际进行了深刻的描述,为数字人体与SARS疫情研究提供了理论基础。     

数字人体微观研究——人体系统自发多极辐射场的量子化与物质相互作用

在数字人体微观研究--人体系统辐射场的量子化与物质相互作用研究基础上,为更深入认识人体系统辐射场的量子化与物质相互作用机理,本文又开展了量子人体的自发多极辐射场的量子化与物质相互作用研究.主要目的是研究一个量子人体原型系统的自发多极辐射,把人体原型系统和人体辐射场都看成量子人体系统,并举人体系统电偶极辐射(EI)一例说明.     

数字人体(人体系统数字学)基础理论框架研究与应用

数字人体是当今医学科学技术,信息科学,计算科学和计算机技术的高度综合,是医学科学技术的最新领域,是21世纪医学科学技术从定性描述到定量表达的结果,它将加深对人体系统的认识,深刻地改变未来人体的研究活动和人们的生活方式,本文提出数字人体（人体系统数字学）的概念,基础理论框架和内涵,并以经络协调诊疗方法对243例精神病患者进行临床诊断治疗,取得了数字化表达的良好效果。     

Diabetic wounds and artificial intelligence: A mini-review

Diabetic wound takes longer time to heal due to micro and macro-vascular ailment. This longer healing time can lead to infections and other health complications. Foot ulcers are one of the most common diabetic wounds. These are one of the leading cause of amputations. Medical science is continuously striving for improving quality of human life. A recent trend of amalgamation of knowledge, efforts and technological advancement of medical science experts and artificial intelligence researchers, has made tremendous success in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of a variety of diseases. Diabetic wounds are no exception, as artificial intelligence experts are putting their research efforts to apply latest technological advancements in the field to help medical care personnel to deal with diabetic wounds in more effective manner. The presented study reviews the diagnostic and treatment research under the umbrella of Artificial Intelligence and computational science, for diabetic wound healing. Framework for diabetic wound assessment using artificial intelligence is presented. Moreover, this review is focused on existing and potential contribution of artificial intelligence to improve medical services for diabetic wound patients. The article also discusses the future directions for the betterment of the field that can lead to facilitate both, clinician and patients.     

数字人体热红外图像特征和人体表面三维重构

在数字人体理论和模型研究基础上,开展了数字人体热红外图像特征和人体表面三维重构研究。主要内容有数字人体热红外技术的特点与优势、数字人体热红外图像实验研究、数字人体三维重建原理与步骤等。数字人体热红外图像特征和人体表面三维重构是数字人体研究及应用的一个重要组成部分,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Artificial intelligence: A joint narrative on potential use in pediatric stem and immune cell therapies and regenerative medicine

Artificial Intelligence (AI) reflects the intelligence exhibited by machines and software. It is a highly desirable academic field of many current fields of studies. Leading AI researchers describe the field as “the study and design of intelligent agents”. McCarthy invented this term in 1955 and defined it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines”. The central goals of AI research are reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, natural language processing (communication), perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects. In fact the multidisplinary AI field is considered to be rather interdisciplinary covering numerous number of sciences and professions, including computer science, psychology, linguistics, philosophy and neurosciences. The field was founded on the claim that a central intellectual property of humans, intelligence-the sapience of Homo Sapiens “can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it”. This raises philosophical issues about the nature of the mind and the ethics of creating artificial beings endowed with human-like intelligence. Artificial Intelligence has been the subject of tremendous optimism but has also suffered stunning setbacks.The goal of this narrative is to review the potential use of AI approaches and their integration into pediatric cellular therapies and regenerative medicine. Emphasis is placed on recognition and application of AI techniques in the development of predictive models for personalized treatments with engineered stem cells, immune cells and regenerated tissues in adults and children. These intelligent machines could dissect the whole genome and isolate the immune particularities of individual patient’s disease in a matter of minutes and create the treatment that is customized to patient’s genetic specificity and immune system capability. AI techniques could be used for optimization of clinical trials of innovative stem cell and gene therapies in pediatric patients by precise planning of treatments, predicting clinical outcomes, simplifying recruitment and retention of patients, learning from input data and applying to new data, thus lowering their complexity and costs. Complementing human intelligence with machine intelligence could have an exponentially high impact on continual progress in many fields of pediatrics. However how long before we could see the real impact still remains the big question. The most pertinent question that remains to be answered therefore, is can AI effectively and accurately predict properties of newer DDR strategies?The goal of this article is to review the use of AI method for cellular therapy and regenerative medicine and emphasize its potential to further the progress in these fields of medicine.     

Nursing Values and Science: Toward a Science Philosophy

Several premises are proposed for nursing science philosophy in contrast to nursing practice philosophy. These include human understanding, a critical tradition that views science as public knowledge, and use of observation, rationality, explanation, and prediction as a guide to therapy. No argument is made for or against a particular philosophy of science (e.g., positivist, historicist, critical theorist). The debates on the fit of philosophic paradigms with research strategies may soon run their course on the North American continent, as they appear to have done in Scandinavia.     

人工智能医学影像在胸部应用的机遇与挑战

人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)是以深度学习(Deep Learning,DL)、人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)、机器学习(Machine Learning,ML)等新一代核心算法、强大的计算机计算能力和大数据(Big Date)共同促进的产物。也就是说,算法、算力和数据是其三要素。近年来,随着人工智能技术的飞速发展,AI在医学影像领域的应用日新月异,其中AI胸部影像研究最早也最成熟,本综述将从人工智能在胸部影像应用现状、机遇和挑战以及未来发展方向等方面进行阐述。     

Integrating Bioethics into Clinical and Translational Science Research: A Roadmap

Recent initiatives to improve human health emphasize the need to effectively and appropriately translate new knowledge gleaned from basic biomedical and behavioral research to clinical and community application. To maximize the beneficial impact of scientific advances in clinical practice and community health, and to guard against potential deleterious medical and societal consequences of such advances, incorporation of bioethics at each stage of clinical and translational science research is essential. At the earliest stage, bioethics input is critical to address issues such as whether to limit certain areas of scientific inquiry. Subsequently, bioethics input is important to assure not only that human subjects trials are conducted and reported responsibly, but also that results are incorporated into clinical and community practices in a way that promotes and protects bioethical principles. At the final stage of clinical and translational science research, bioethics helps to identify the need and approach for refining clinical practices when safety or other concerns arise. The framework we present depicts how bioethics interfaces with each stage of clinical and translational science research, and suggests an important research agenda for systematically and comprehensively assuring bioethics input into clinical and translational science initiatives.     

The evolution of Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings: 21st century reflections

The purpose of this article is to reflect on the state of Martha E. Rogers' science of unitary human beings as it has evolved over the past 40 years, with particular attention to the decade since her death. Although Rogers never updated her 1970 book, revised concepts and principles of homeodynamics, as reported in other publications, are discussed. In more than a decade since Rogers' death, nurse scientists have been prolific in explicating the science in scholarly research and writing. An example of theories derived from the science, as well as concepts under study, and research methods are identified. Twenty-first century thoughts on the science of unitary human beings, as expressed by three founders of the Society of Rogerian Scholars, are highlighted from an interview conducted by Fawcett. Rogers suggested that the development of a science of unitary human beings is a never ending process.     

Science in the postmodern era: Postpositivism and research in medical education

An overview of recent developments in thinking about science, scientific knowledge, and research, in particular as related to research in medical education, is presented. This article describes the transition from the modern period of science, characterized by the positivist view, to the current postmodern period, which is characterized here in terms of critical realism and social constructivism. Critical realism and social constructivism reflect postmodern thought, by emphasizing that scientific knowledge is a human, social construction based on judgment and interpretation, rather than absolute truth about a perfectly knowable external reality. The implications of the postmodern view for research in medical education, including qualitative research, are considered.     

Injury as a Global Phenomenon of Concern in Nursing Science

PURPOSE: To discuss injury research as a phenomenon of concern in nursing science. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT: Injury is defined as the physical damage that results when the human body is briefly subjected to intolerable levels of energy. It is the leading cause of death in the first 4 decades of life in high-income nations and is second only to infectious diseases as a leading cause of death in low- and middle-income nations. METHODS: Review and discussion of relevant scientific and theoretical literature in both injury and nursing science. FINDINGS: Nurse scientists can apply unique perspectives to increase understanding of injury and its consequences. Fertile areas for nursing inquiry include identifying people at risk, developing models to explain the association between risk-taking and injury, testing interventions to prevent and limit injury, and creating and refining interventions that are culturally relevant to subpopulations most at risk for injury. CONCLUSIONS: The mandate to improve global heath should lead to nursing inquiry about this phenomenon, including developing and testing interventions to prevent and reduce injury.